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STATISTICS  COVERING  ORGANIZED  LABOR  ; 
FORiTHE  YEARv  ENDING 
JANUARY  1,  1910 

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BUREAU  OF  LABOR  STATISTICS 

J.  C.  A.  HILLER,  Commissioner 


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J.  H.  NOLEN,  Deputy  Gtfyi'  A.  T.  EDMONSTON,  Supervisor  of  Statistics 


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https://archive.org/details/toilersofmissourOOmiss 


Delegates  to  Nineteenth  Annual  Convention,  Missouri  State  Federation  of  Labor,  Jefferson  City,  Mo.,  September,  1910. 


TOILERS  OF  MISSOURI 


STATISTICS  COVERING  ORGANIZED  LABOR 
FOR  THE  YEAR  ENDING 
JANUARY  1,  1910 


1 —  Strikes  and  other  similar  disagreements  of  1909  and  1910 

2 —  The  convict  labor  problem  and  annual  output  of  prison  shops 

3 —  State  Free  Employment  Department 

4 —  Inspection  Department,  private  employment  agencies 

6 — Employers’  liability  and  workmen’s  compensation  problem. 

6 —  Child  and  woman  labor  questions;  suggested  reforms. 

7 —  Other  information  of  interest  to  employers  and  employes 


Issued  as  a Supplement  to  the  32d 
Annual  Report  of  the 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics 


(RED  BOOK,  PART  2) 


DISTRIBUTED,  1911 


Compiled  and  Published  by  the 


BUREAU  OF  LABOR  STATISTICS 


J.  C.  A.  HILLER,  Commissioner 


J.  H.  NOLEN,  Deputy  Com. 


A.  T.  EDMONSTON,  SUPERVISOR  OF  STATISTICS 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 

PART  II,  1910  RED  BOOK. 


Organized  Labor  of  Missouri,  1909-10. 


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Page 

Accidents,  fatal  and  otherwise 6 

Altheide— letter  on  labor  conditions 25 

American  Federation  of  Labor 179 

“ convention,  1910.8,  179 

“ convention,  1909..  147 

A.  F.  of  L.— Annual  address  of  President 

Gompers 179 

“ —Relations  with  Canada 181 

“ — Aid  for  Porto  Rico 181 

“ —Fight  with  steel  trust 181 

“ — Prosecute  combinations 181 

“ — Strike  of  the  miners 181 

“ —Labor  Legislation 181 

“ —Child  Labor 182 

“ — Immigration  bills 182 

“ —Labor  Day 182 

“ — Views  of  a clergyman  on 

the  convention 183 

“ — Organization  entitled  to  one 

hundred  votes  and  over...  183 

“ —Officers  for  1911 184 

Auxiliaries  to  labor  organizations 170 

“ —Loyal  Star  of  America 171 

“ — Machinists 176 

“ —Railway  Carmen  of  Amer- 
ica   171 

“ — Railway  trainmen 178 

“ —to  the  B.  L.  F.  and  E.,  to 

machinists 176 

“ —to  locomotive  engineers — 177 

“ — St.  Louis 177 

“ —St.  Joseph 177 

“ —smaller  cities  and  towns...  177 

“ —miscellaneous  178 

Benefits  of  organization 5 and  25 

Biggs  makes  timely  suggestions 52 

Central  trades  and  labor  unions,  St. 

Louis  49 

Cape  Girardeau  labor  organizations 103 

Child  and  women’s  labor  conference — 145 

Child  labor  problem 145,  182 

Cigarmakers’  local  No.  44,  history 102 

Coal  miners  at  Kirksville  strike 104 

Comparison  of  wages 28 

Conference  on  uniform  labor  legislation.  144 

Constitutional  amendments 41 

Convict  labor  question 143,  161 

“ “ abolition  of 19 

“ “ legislation  164 

“ “ platform  planks 19 

“ “ abolition  measures 226-7 

Delegate  to  A.  F.  of  L.  Convention,  1910.  160 

“ “ Kansas  State  F.  of  L 160 

“ “ Arkansas  State  F.  of  L — 160 

Democratic  plank  on  convict  labor 19 

Employers’  liability  question 148-161 

“ “ conference  called...  137 

“ “ commission  142 

“ “ measure  154 

“ “ minutes  of  the  first 

meeting  138 

“ “ — year’s  compensa- 
tion for  disability  142 

“ “ —letter  from  Harry 

S.  Sharpe 136 

“ “ industry  must  bear 

burden  136 

Early  history,  central  trades  and  labor 

unions,  St.  Louis 49 

Eight  hours  a day  of  work 5 

Enthusiastic  unionists 89 

Extend  state  factory  inspection 165 


Page 

Farmer’s  Alliance,  Missouri  State 


Grange,  1910-11  201 

Fear  on  labor  questions  of  today 161 

Flourishing  condition 46 

Funds  for  a good  cause 168 

Garment  workers’  strike 40,  167 

Gordon,  State  Auditor,  on  convict 

labor  225 

Hannibal  labor  organizations 103 

Higher  wages  ; shorter  hours 5 

Highest  hourly  pay 28 

Industry  must  bear  burden 136 

Initial  assemblage 138 

Important  question 9 

Jefferson  City  labor  organization 103 

Joint  legislative  board 13 

Joplin  labor  history 161 

“ unions  102 

“ woman  honored 145 

Kansas  City  labor  organizations,  1909- 

10 75-81 

“ out  of  work  benefit  paid..  75 

“ summary  of  the  labor  or- 

“ ganizations  75 

“ labor  temple 78 

Kentucky  law  as  a basis 145 

Labor  day  legal  holiday 185 

“ disagreements  of  1909  47 

“ day  celebration 50 

“ gibraltar 51 

“ legislation  9 

“ lore 27 

“ labor  organizations  of  state.. 23,  105 

“ labor  reforms 160 

Labored  hard  and  long 14 

Letters-Owen  Miller 22 

“ Charles  W.  Fear 161 

“ Collis  Lovely 165 

“ Austin  W.  Biggs 52 

“ Harry  S.  Sharpe 136 

J.  F.  W.  Altheide 25 

Legislation  needed  by  organized 

labor 9,  52,  161 

asked  for  by  women 169 

Lovely  on  convict  labor  and  other 

matters 164 

Machinists  of  Missouri 35 

“ auxiliary  176 

Miller,  Owen,  letter  and  address 22,  141 

Miners  strike  of  1910 38 

Moberly’s  labor  unions 104 

Missouri  Federation  of  Labor: 

M.  F.  L.— Convention,  1910 8 

“ — Affiliated  unions 20 

“ —Miller’s  (Owen)  address 141 

“ — Uniform  Legislation  Commis- 
sion  141 

**  —Will  of  the  people  set  aside..  141 

“ — Of  world  wide  interest 141 

“ —Injunctions 148 

“ — Declarations  of  m a g n a 

charter 148 

“ —Old  age  pension 149 

“ — Paramount  issues 149 

“ —Resolutions  adopted 149 

“ —Shelter  for  the  homeless 152 

“ —Legislative  committee,  1911...  160 

“ —Right  to  work  question 153 

“ —Sanitary  and  safe  regulations  146 

“ —Officers  of  1911 160 

“ —Report  on  Toronto  convention 

of  1909 147 


O L— 1 


— — * 


2 


Table  of  Contents, 


Page 


Musicians  of  Missouri,  St.  Louis... 30  to  32 

“ “ “ Kansas  City 32 

“ “ “ St.  Joseph.  ...  32 

“ “ “ Other  places 32 

Other  cities  and  towns,  labor  statis- 
tics  104 

Organized  labor,  Missouri,  1909-10 4 

“ “ acts 136 

Pattern  makers  walkout 48 

Preferred  legislation 135 

Printing  trades 26 

Proposed  legislation 202 

Presidents  and  secretaries  of  labor 

unions 185 

Public  will  share  responsibility 136 

Railway  carmen 33 

Railway  conductors 34 

Recall  suggested 41 

Report  of  State  Secretary,  John  T. 

Smith,  M.  P.  of  L 144 

Republican  plank  on  convict  labor 19 

Review  of  the  year 4 

Rural  labor  unions 101 

Sedalia 104 

Springfield  labor  unions 101 

Smith’s  report  (Secretary  John  T.) 144 

Socialistic  plank  on  convict  labor 19 

Southwestern  strike 50 

Statistical  details  woven  into  a run- 
ning story 4 

Statistical  facts 6 

State  labor  organizations 99 

Strikes,  lockouts 6 

Strike  at  Ilasco  in  May,  1910 158 

“ letter  explained  matters  fully 158 

Suggestions  for  new  laws 9 

by  St.  Louis  labor  organi- 
zations.   10 

“ Kansas  City  labor 
organizations  10 


Page 

Suggestions  by  St.  Joseph  labor  organ- 
izations  11 

from  labor  organizations 
of  smaller  cities  and 

towns 11,  100 

Summary  of  labor  organizations 7-8 

St.  Joseph  is  honored 160 

“ “ summary  of  labor  organi- 
zations, 1909-08-07 91 

“ “ labor  organisations,  1909-10.  .89-92 

“ “ forty  unions  report  progress  89 

“ “ labor  organizations,  statis- 
tics  91  * 

St.  Louis  Labor  Day 49 

“ “ labor  presidents  and  secre- 
taries, 1910 186 

“ “ central  trades  and  labor  as- 
sembly officers,  1910 8 

“ “ garment  workers’  strike 167 

“ “ women’s  trades  union 166-7 

“ “ miscellaneous  information 56 

“ “ labor  statistics 44-56 

“ “ labor  troubles,  1909 45 

Uniform  legislation 142  and  144 

United  mine  workers 37 

Union  sentiment  strong 99 

Union  scale  of  wages,  1909-10 29 

Valuable  recommendations 15 

Women  toilers 99 

Workers  have  an  8-hour  day 47 

Womens’  trade  union  league 166 

“ — work  in  behalf  of  a good 

cause 166 

“ — an  interesting  article 166 

“ — letter  from  Mrs.  Cynthelia 

Isgrig  Knefler 166 

“ —struggling  working  women...  167 

“ —organizing  working  women...  167 

“ —co-operative  factory 167 

“ — Garment  workers’  lockout. 40,  167 

“ —problem  of  working  women..  167 


STATE  FREE  EMPLOYMENT  DEPARTMENT,  1910. 


Page 

\ State 202  to  204 

. - , J St.  Louis 205-6 

Annual  reports  ^ Kansas  city 207-8 

[St.  Joseph 208-9 

Back  to  the  farm 211 

Call  of  the  farm 211 

Conviction  for  law  violators 213 

Duty  of  the  wealthy 210 

Employment  commission 210 

Extend  the  state  free  employment  de- 
partment  210 

Farmers  supplied  with  help 211 

Harvest  hands  supplied 212 

Kansas  City  free  employment  bureau 
report 207-8 


Page 

Merits  of  State  free  system 203 

More  work  needed 210 

Needed  changes  in  laws 213 

Private  employment  agencies 212 

“ “ “ law... 214 

Protection  for  the  unemployed 212 

Report  for  state 204 

Review  of  work,  year  1909-10 202-14 

St.  Joseph  free  employment  bureau  re- 
port   208-9 

St.  Louis  free  employment  bureau  re- 
port   205-6 

Wage  earning  women  benefited 203 


PRISON  SHOPS— CONVICT  LABOR,  1909-10-11. 


Page 

Agitation  is  national 232-3-4-5 

Convict  labor  question 215  to  236 

Convict  system 233 

Contracts  now  in  force 229-30 

Convict  labor  planks  in  the  1910  plat- 
forms   19,215 

Comparisons  prison  made  and  other 

goods  218 

Creates  prison  foundry,  state  owner- 
ship   226 

Gain  in  value  of  output  over  1908 218 

Gordon,  state  auditor,  on  convict  labor  225 

Label  “convict  made”  goods 219 

Leasing  out  system  in  general  dis- 
favor   232-3-4-5 

Manufacturing,  prison  shops,  1909 

220-1-2-3-4-5 

Need  for  uniform  regulations  on  prison 
labor  236 


Page 

New  York  system  suggested 216 

Official  convict  labor  figures 228-9 

Other  facts  and  figures 228-9 

Output  valued  at  millions 216 

Planks  of  political  parties  on  convict 

labor  19 

Preferred  convict  labor  measures 226-7 

Prison  labor  and  fair  wages 235 

“ “ problem  233-215  to  236 

“ shops,  Jefferson  City 215  to  236 

“ reform  measure 226 

Public  account  system 234 

State  lost  money 218 

Statistical  tables  covering  output  of 

convict  shops 219-20-1-2-3-4 

State  ownership  factories 231 

“ use  system 234 

Twine  factory  of  state...: 231 

Unfair  market  conditions 217 


ILLUSTRATIONS. 


Paso 


Aschenbroedel  Assembly  Hall,  St.  Louis  56 

Bigg's,  Austin  W.,  of  St.  Louis 20 

Dysart,  C.  B.,  of  Moberly 160 

Fratcher,  H.  A.,  of  Kansas  City 110 

Fear,  Hon.  Charles  W.,  of  Joplin 20 

Fitzpatrick,  John  T.,  of  Kansas  City..  146 

Gardner,  J.  S.,  of  Kansas  City 110 

Geeks,  H.  F.,  of  St.  Louis 182 

“ M.  F.,  Jr.,  of  St.  Louis 200 

Gerry,  H.  C.,  of  Kansas  City 110 

Hall,  H.  H.,  of  Joplin 160 

Hertenstein,  Charles,  of  St.  Louis 74 

Iahn,  John,  of  Joplin 160 

Jones,  W.  J.,  of  St.  Joseph 211 

Johnson,  J.  F.,  of  Kansas  City 110 

Joplin’s  Labor  Day  Committee 160 

Kennedy,  C.  L.,  of  St.  Joseph 220 

Labor  Temple,  Kansas  City 92 

“ Officers 110 

“ Legislative  Committee 146 


Page 

Leeders,  "William,  of  St.  Louis 182 

Leedom,  Clint,  of  Moberly 116 

Lovely,  Collis,  of  St.  Louis 74 

McCarthy,  William,  of  Kansas  City 110 

McCain,  W.  J.,  of  Kansas  City 110 

Monteith,  H.,  of  Joplin 160 

Miller,  Owen*  of  St.  Louis 182 

Musicians’  Headquarters,  St.  Louis 38 

“ “ —Secretary’s 

office 128 

Ostendorf,  Otto,  of  St.  Louis 200 

Pfeifer,  John  J.,  of  Kansas  City 110 

Sellers,  Ben  F.,  of  St.  Louis 200 

Schillinger,  Fred,  of  St.  Louis 182 

Schweizer,  Karl  F.,  of  Kansas  City....  110 

Schwen,  I.  L.,  of  St.  Louis 200 

Sharpe,  Harry  S.,  of  St.  Louis 74 

Shelby,  J.  J.,  of  Joplin 160 

Strode,  J.  H.,  of  Kansas  City 110 

White,  William,  of  Joplin 160 


FAVORS  ABOLISHING  LEASING  SYSTEM. 


STATE  AUDITOR  GORDON’S  STAND. 

State  Auditor  John  P.  Gordon,  who  is  a member  of  the  State  Board  of 
Prison  Inspectors,  in  his  annual  report,  covering  the  year  1909  and  1910,  issued 
early  in  1911,  which  is  intended  for  the  Forty-sixth  General  Assembly,  cQmes 
out  boldly  and  plainly  against  the  present  system  of  leasing  out  .the  labor  ofr 
convicts  in  the  penitentiary.  While  his  message  on  the  subject  is  brief,  it  is 
right  to  the  point  and  meets  with  the  hearty  approval  and  endorsement  of  the 
majority  of  the  members  of  the  Joint  Labor  Legislation  committee,  reading. 

“I  am;  of  the  opinion  that  the  old  practice  of  hiring  out  the  convicts  at 
the  penitentiary  should  be  abolished,  and  that  the  convicts  be  used  in  such 
service  as  will  cause  their  work  not  to  come  in  competition  with  honest  labor.” 

“JOHN  P.  GORDON, 

State  Auditor.” 


A PUBLIC  DOCUMENT  FOR  FREE  DISTRIBUTION. 


This  pamphlet,  was  prepared  for  the  Bureau  of  Labor  Sta- 
tistics, under  the  direction  and  authority  of  Commissioner  J.  C.  A. 
Hiller,  by  Supervisor  of  Statistics  A.  T.  Edmonston,  assisted  by 
Statisticians  W.  P.  Mitchell  and  Thos.  P.  Itixey,  and  Stenog- 
raphers Misses  Emily  K.  Geiger  and  Myrtle  R.  Bradley,  of  the 
statistical  and  record  corps  of  the  Department,  on  information 
gathered  by  C.  O.  Cornelius,  Special  Agent;  John  S.  White, 
Superintendent  of  the  St.  Louis  Free  Employment  Bureau,  and 
Carl  F.  Schweizer,  Superintendent  of  the  Kansas  City  Free  Employ- 
ment Bureau. 


3 


ORGANIZED  LABOR,  MISSOURI 


1909. 

1910. 


STATISTICAL  DETAILS  WOVEN  INTO  A RUNNING  STORY. 

Organized  labor  prospered  in  Missouri  in  1909.  There  were  fewer  disagree- 
ments with  employers  than  has  ever  before  been  the  case,  better  wages  paid  and  a 
closer  approach  to  an  eight-hour  working  day.  Only  one  difference  of  any 
consequence  occured  during  the  year — the  strike  of  some  and  the  locking  out  of 
other  garment  workers  in  St.  Louis,  chiefly  young,  hardworking  women,  who  object- 
ed to  working  in  “open  shops.”  This  controversy  commenced  early  in  the  year  and 
on  November  1,  1910,  was  still  unsettled,  after  thousands  of  dollars  had  been  lost  to 
the  “strikers”  in  wages,  and  much  more  money  had  been  expended  in  meeting  “strike 
benefits”,  and  for  other  purposes. 

While  this  volume  is  not  supposed  to  cover  any  of  the  troubles  of  1910,  yet  it 
is  not  out  of  place  to  mention  here  that  the  machinists  of  certain  railroad  carshops 
walked  out  in  the  spring  of  the  year,  and,  at  this  writing,  after  seven  months  of 
negotiating,  they  had  just  succeeded  in  adjusting  their  grievances.  A sympathy 
“walkout”  also  terminated. 

In  this  year,  the  bituminous  coal  miners  of  Missouri  and  other  states  also  dis- 
agreed with  their  employers.  This  trouble  is  fully  explained  and  dealt  with  in  a 
special  article  by  George  Manuel,  the  Secretary-Treasurer  of  District  No.  25  of  the 
United  Mine  Workers  of  America,  given  further  on  in  this  chapter. 

There  also  was  a strike  of  cement  workers  (Ma3q  1910),  at  Uasco  in  Ralls  county 
not  far  from  Hannibal,  Mo. 

Review  of  the  Year. 

To  return  to  1909,  while  the  total  membership  for  the  state — 74,865  men  and 
women,  shows  a slight  falling  off,  when  a comparison  is  made  with  the  figures  of 
1908,  yet  this  does  not  mean  that  organized  labor  is  less  strong  in  Missouri  than  it 
was  the  year  before,  because  some  of  the  decrease  is  due  to  secretaries  of  probably 
ten  or  twelve  locals  in  out  of  way  places,  failing  to  send  reports,  for  the  year  in  ques- 
tion, to  the  Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics.  Six  or  seven  unions  which  did  go  out  of 
existence  were  made  up  of  laborers^  helpers,  retail  clerks  and  of  one  or  two  other  fol- 
lowers of  unskilled  pursuits  and  therefore  their  demise  does  not  in  any  way,  even 
slightly,  effect  unionism  in  this  commonwealth.  These  locals  were  of  the  “mush- 
room” order,  springing  up  in  a hurry  and  dying  out  almost  as  quickly  as  they  had 
come  into  existence.  They  brought  but  little  strength  to  organized  labor,  when 
they  were  formed,  and  took  nothing  away  with  their  disappearance. 

A good  feature  of  the  1909  work, — one  which  deserves  special  attention  is  that 
more  working  women  were  gathered  into  the  folds,  and  given  protection,  better 
wages,  shorter  hours  and  other  benefits  which  only  organization  can  .bestow,  than 
has  ever  before  been  the  case.  On  January  1,  1910,  there  were  2,868  members  of  the 
gentler  sex  affiliated  with  the  different  labor  unions  of  the  state,  as  compared  with 
2,159  for  1908  and  2,319  for  1907. 

Returns  were  received  from  623  labor  unions  for  1909.  When  all  returns  are  con- 
sidered as  a whole  it  is  plain  that  there  has  been  an  increase  in  the  organization  of 
all  callings  and  trades  which  are  unionized.  The  1909  percentage  of  this  concentra- 
tion of  working  men  and  women  is  77.42  against  76.9  for  1908,  a remarkable  gain 
considering  that  a smaller  membership  is  included  in  reaching  this  average  than 


4 


Organized  Labor,  Missouri , 1909-10. 


5 


in  the  year  before.  This  assertion  practically  means  that  all  trades  gathered  more 
of  their  calling  into  their  organizations  during  the  year  than  in  1908  and  thereby 
strengthened  their  locals.  It  further  means  that  the  six  or  seven  unions  which 
suspended  did  not  cover  any  of  the  skilled  and  more  important  occupations. 

Higher  Wages;  Shorter  Hours. 

The  average  of  wages  for  organized  labor  of  the  state  was  higher  in  1909  than 
either  in  1908  or  1907,  being  38.06  cents  an  hour  as  compared  with  36.45  cents  and 
36.29  cents,  respectively  for  the  other  years.  The  daily  time  was  a little  shorter, 
averaging  8.94  hours,  against  8.95  hours  for  1908  and  9.01  for  1907.  These  two 
facts  alone  indicate  that  organized  labor  is  stronger  than  ever,  without  considering 
the  many  other  favorable  signs  of  progress  the  1909  returns  give.  An  eight-hour 
day  is  rapidly  approaching  for  all,  and  there  is  no  reason  why  it  should  not  be  a 
reality  for  those  who  toil,  be  it  for  weekly  wages  or  a monthly  salary.  This  world 
is  intended  for  all  who  live  in  it,  no  matter  how  brief  the  period.  All 
of  nature’s  noblemen  are  entitled  to  at  least  live,  which  living  includes  an  ample  sup- 
ply of  all  the  necessities  of  life  in  return  for  value  given  in  daily  toil.  It  means 
much  more  than  a mere  existence.  It  means  a comfortable  living  for  all  who  work 
for  and  earn  it. 

Eight  Hours  a Day  of  Work. 

A general  eight-hour  day  law  for  not  a few,  but  all  occupations,  if  rigidly  en- 
forced, would  go  a long  way  toward  solving  the  question  of  finding  work  for  the  un- 
employed of  the  land.  It  is  figured  that  even  in  a prosperous  period  25  per  cent  of 
the  workers  of  a community  are  idle.  By  reducing  the  hours  of  those  who  toil  twelve, 
ten  and  nine  hours,  to  eight  hours  and  giving  the  work  left  undone  by  this  reduction 
in  time  to  the  unemployed,  each  member  of  the  army  of  idle  workers  would  then  have 
at  least  three  hours  a day  of  toil.  Inthis  calculation  is  also  included  the  overtime  of  thos6 
unfortunates  who  put  in  more  than  twelve  hours  a day,  and  there  are  a good  many  of 
that  class.  No  one  willing  to  work  would  then  be  wholly  out  of  work.  Poverty 
would  almost  entirely  disappear  and  there  would  then  be  very  little  need  for 
charity. 

If  a general  eight-hour  law  is  ever  passed  which  can  withstand  legal  tests,  a clause 
should  be  included  that  no  employer  can  work  wage  earners  or  salaried  men  more 
than  six  continuous  days,  without  a whole  day  (of  24  hours)  for  recreation,  rest,  divine 
duties  and  similar  necessities.  There  are  callings  which  now  exact  seven  days  of 
work  a week,  a condition  which  ought  not  to  exist  in  a civilized  country  in  these  days 
of  progress,  enlightment  and  modernism.  If  it  is  absolutely  necessary  to  run  an 
establishment  or  a public  utility  seven  days  a week  then  give  this  extra  day  of  work 
to  the  unemployed.  Above  all  an  adequate  recompense  is  needed  for  every  day 
of  toil,  be  this  day  eight,  nine,  ten  or  any  other  number  of  hours  long. 

Organization  of  the  toilers  is  slowly,  but  certainly  bringing  about  these  reforms, 
and  it  is  but  a question  of  time  before  they  exist  as  realities,  made  so  by  laws  which 
cannot  be  declared  unconstitutional,  class  legislation  or  otherwise  defective.  Such 
statutes  will  then  represent  the  wishes  of  a large  majority  of  the  masses,  not  alone  of  a 
state,  but  of  the  country  at  large.  But  it  must  not  be  overlooked,  in  this  glimpse  of 
the  future,  that  equal  rights  to  all,  includes  the  employers  as  well  as  the  daily  toilers. 

Benefits  of  Organization. 

As  to  the  amount  of  work  in  1909,  there  was  more  for  every  toiler,  than  in  either 
1908  or  1907.  The  time  put  in,  equally  divided,  gave  each  toiler  285  days,  against 
278  in  1908  and  284.69  days  in  1907.  As  the  latter  year  was  the  most  prosperous 
Missouri  had  ever  experienced  (up  to  December  31,  1908)  this  gain  means  that  1909 
js  now  the  record  year  in  prosperity.  In  fact,  214  of  Missouri’s  unions  reported  they 


6 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


had  more  work  in  1909  than  in  1908,  and  212  unions  that  the  amount  of  work  was 
at  least  the  same,  if  not  more,  than  in  the  preceding  twelve  months.  Only  129 
reports  of  “less  work”  came  in. 

Nearly  all  labor  organizations  of  Missouri  now  not  alone  pay  “strike”  benefits 
but  also  allow  a certain  amount  weekly  in  case  of  disability  through  accidents  or 
illness,  the  amount  thus  provided  for  being  left  to  each  local,  and  running  from 
about  $12  a month  to  $30.  The  average  allowed  weekly  in  1909  by  the  174  unions, 
reporting  having  such  a benefit  fund,  was  $5.71.  These  locals  dispensed  $30,780  in 
this  way  last  year. 

Some  Missouri  unions  go  even  further  and  have  a “death  benefit”  to  be  paid  in 
case  of  the  demise  of  a member.  The  average  paid  out  per  death,  in  1909,  by  the 
352  locals  reporting  such  a benefit  fund,  was  $248.89,  but,  in  reality,  ranged  from 
$50  to  $1,500.  It  was  reported  for  1909  that  $97,565  was  paid  out  for  insurance 
purpose. 

Strikes,  Lockouts. 

A total  of  37  locals  were  involved  in  disagreements  with  employers  in  the  course 
of  1909,  with  the  serious  consequence  that  there  were  22  “walkouts”  and  15  “lock- 
outs”, involving  2,310  members  of  organized  labor,  largely  young  women,  because 
of  the  garment  workers’  troubles  in  St.  Louis.  A history  of  this  conflict  is  given 
elsewhere.  The  controversies  involving  the  machinists  and  miners,  did  not  occur 
until  1910  and  therefore  are  not  considered  here.  In  wages  there  was  lost,  in  the 
strikes  and  lockouts,  $118,572  Fifteen  of  'these  conflicts  were  won,  or  settled 
in  a satisfactory  manner^  to  organized  labor  in  short  order.  Four  disagreements 
were  compromised,  one  was  lost  and  seventeen  were  still  pending  when  the  year  1909 
closed.  Nine  locals  gained  an  increase  in  wages  and  three  a reduction  in  hours. 

A.'  Accidents,  Fatal  and  Otherwise. 

Among  the  74,865  members  of  organized  labor  this  chapter  is  a statistical 
history  of,  for  1909,  731  accidents,  more  or  less  serious,  occured  in  the  twelve  months 
in  question.  A little  less  than  ten  per  cent,  or  68,  proved  fatal,  leaving  663  un- 
fortunates who  fully  or  partially  recovered  from  their  mishap.  This  is  what  most 
of  the  “sick  and  accident  benefits”  and  “death”  disbursements,  paid  out  during 
the  j^ear,  went  for. 

Statistical  Facts. 

The  statistical  information  given  above,  and  other  facts  of  minor  importance, 
are  included  in  the  following  compilation.  First  appears  the  details  of  1909,  for 
the  state,  and  then  for  St.  Louis,  Kansas  City,  St.  Joseph  and  “other  cities  and  towns,” 
each  handled  in  a separate  column.  Last  are  figures  for  the  entire  organization  of 
the  state  for  1908,  given  so  that  a comparison  can  readily  be  made  by  anyone  who 
cares  to  and  is  interested  enough  to  go  into  these  matters  more  deeply. 


SUMMARY  OF  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS  IN  MISSOURI,  JAN.  i,  1910 


Organized  Labor,  Missouri,  1909-10. 


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SUMMARY  OF  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS  IN  MISSOURI,  JAN.  1,  1910— Continued. 


8 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


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The  Thirtieth  Annual  Convention 
of  the  American  Federation  of 
Labor  convened  in  Liederkrantz 
Hall,  St.  Louis,  November  the  14th. 
It  was  called  to  order  by  Hon. 
Owen  Miller,  President  of  the  Mis- 
souri State  Federation  of  Labor. 

Chairman  Miller  presented  to  the 
convention  Mr.  Samuel  Gompers, 
President  of  the  American  Federa- 
tion, who,  after  a lengthy  but  in- 
teresting and  effective  address,  be- 
came permanent  chairman. 

The  address  of  welcome  was  de- 
livered by  Hon.  Fred.  H.  Kreisman, 
Mayor  of  the  city  of  St.  Louis. 

After  President  Gompers  had 
assumed  the  chair  he  presented 
Hon.  Miller  to  the  convention.  The 
latter  entertained  the  delegates 
with  an  address. 

At  the  conclusion  of  the  remarks 
of  Hon.  Miller,  President  Gompers 
introduced  to  the  convention  Mr. 
Louis  Phillipi,  President  of  the 
Central  Trades  and  Labor  Union 
of  St.  Louis,  who  gave  a brief 
history  of  occurrences,  in  connec- 
tion with  organized  labor  in  St. 
Louis  during  the  preceding  twelve 
months. 

Mr.  Edward  L.  Smythe,  Presi- 
dent of  the  Buildings  Trades 
Council  of  St.  Louis,  also  addressed 
the  convention  after  having  been 
properly  presented  and  introduced 
by  President  Gompers. 

The  convention  then  got  down  to 
business.  A brief  treatise  on  the 
proceedings  is  given  further  on  in 
this  publication. 


OFFICERS  OF  THE  ST.  LOUIS 
CENTRAL  TRADES  AND 
LABOR  ASSEMBLY, 

1911. 

President,  Louis  P.  Phillippi ; 
Vice-President,  Benjamin  Lamb  ; Re- 
cording Secretary,  David  Kreyling; 
Financial  Secretary,  F.  A.  Hiller ; 
Treasurer,  Peter  Beisel ; Sergeant- 
at-arms,  A.  Schoper ; Trustees, 
Edward  Brown,  E.  Ruhle,  John 
Rickart. 

Legislative  Committee,  1911 — 
John  T.  McDonough,  R.  Coodenough, 
Robert  Lyons  and  Mrs.  Sadie 
Spraggon.  Mr.  McDonough  is 
Chairman. 


Needed  Labor  Legislation , 1911. 


9 


LABOR  LEGISLATION. 

In  these  modern  days  of  progression  and  enlightment  the  conditions  under 
which  men  and  women  toil  for  a living  are  constantly  under-going  changes,  because 
of  new  discoveries,  inventions  and  the  continual  introduction  of  new  and  improved 
machinery  to  perform  work  until  then  done  manually.  Every  time  a change  occurs 
in  the  manner  of  doing  any  kind  of  work,  it  renders  useless  and  makes  worthless  the 
laws  which  protected  the  daily  toilers  under  the  old  conditions,  and  thereby  creates 
a necessity  for  new  legislation  which  will  fully  cover  the  altered  situation. 

Members  of  the  State  Assembly,  regardless  of  their  political  affiliations,  are, 
as  a rule,  willing  to  enact  any  measure  which  will  better  protect  their  fellow  men, 
but  do  not  always  know  what  legislation  is  needed  and  which  will  exactly  cover 
the  changed  conditions.  The  wants  of  the  daily  toilers  appeal  to  them  more  readily 
and  quickly  than  calls  for  protection  from  any  other  class  of  humanity,  but  they 
must  fully  be  acquainted  with  just  what  acts  are  necessary  before  they  can  comply. 
It  is  therefore  up  to  the  members  of  organized  labor  to  biennially  make  known  just 
what  statutes  have  become  obsolete  and  useless  through  the  advancement  of  civil- 
ization and  what  legislation  will  fill  up  the  breach.  It  must  also  be  remembered 
that  in  these  days  of  technicalities  when  laws  must  be  explicit  on  all  matters  they 
are  intended  to  cover  and  perfectly  clear  as  to  their  meaning,  it  is  compulsory  to 
have  the  measures  so  worded  that  they  can  not  be  misinterpreted,  either  accidentally, 
or  intentionally,  in  the  slightest;  the  least  change  in  working  relations  between 
capital  and  labor  often  making  laws  useless  which  have  withstood  severe  legal  tests 
for  years. 

An  Important  Question. 

The  Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics  has,  for  years,  devoted  much  time  and  energy 
to  collecting  full  information  from  each  labor  organization  in  Missouri  as  to  what 
legislation  is  needed,  whether  brought  on  by  the  new  mode  of  working,  or  otherwise. 
On  the  blank  schedules,  sent  in  1910  by  this  Department,  to  the  secretaries  of  the  unions 
and  locals  of  Missouri,  to  be  filled  with  statistical  information  covering  the  move- 
ments of  all  such  organizations  in  1909,  was  one  question  which  was  more  important 
than  a mere  casual  reading  would  indicate.  It  read: 

“What  specific  State  Legislation  would  be  beneficial  to  your  membership  as 
applying  to  your  occupation?” 

This  was  an  important  question  for  the  reasons  already  given.  While  calling  for 
all  new  legislation  which  is  needed,  it  was  also  supposed  to  bring  out  the  deficiencies 
of  all  existing  labor  laws.  Very  few  secretaries  realized  how  necessary  it  was  for 
them  to  give  their  views  and  conclusions  fully  in  answering  this  question,  as  on  the 
information  they  thus  imparted,  their  Legislative  Board  depended,  for  full  light  on 
all  wants  of  the  many  varying  classes  of  toilers. 


SUGGESTIONS  FOR  NEW  LAWS. 

In  the  following  treatise  an  attempt  has  been  made  to  briefly  give  the  legis- 
lation which  is  asked  for  by  organized  labor  of  Missouri  from  the  1911  General  As- 
sembly. The  suggestions  made  are  divided  up  by  crafts  and  by  locations  so  that 
it  will  at  once  be  plain  what  measures  are  in  demand  by  the  followers  of  the  various 
pursuits  and  what  section  of  the  state  the  requests  come  from. 


10 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


First  are  given  the  demands  of  the  St.  Louis  unions  for  certain  enactments 
they  deem  necessary,  most  of  the  organized  portion  of  Missouri  labor  being 
centered  there.  Then  come  similar  pointers  from  the  locals  of  Kansas  City  and 
St.  Joseph  and  lastly,  the  needs  of  the  toilers  of  smaller  cities  and  towns.  All  sug- 
gestions are  given  as  nearly  verbatim  as  they  were  furnished  by  local  secretaries. 

SUGGESTIONS  BY  ST.  LOUIS  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS. 


Barbers. — A more  sanitary  condition  in  all 
shops;  to  strengthen  the  State  Board  of 
Barber  Examiners;  and  to  do  away  with 
the  Barber  colleges  in  this  and  every  other 
state. 

Blacksmiths  and  Helpers. — An  employers’ 
libality  act,  and  a general  eight-hour  day 
law. 

Beer  Drivers  and  Stablemens'  Union. — Anti- 
prohibition measures  and  shorter  hours. 

Brewery  Firemen. — It  would  be  better  for 
our  organization  if  we  had  a law  demand- 
ing the  procuring  of  a license  (Firemen 
license)  same  as  in  the  State  of  Massachu- 
setts. 

Beer  Bottlers. — Law  prohibiting  the  employ- 
ment of  male  or  female  under  the  age  of 
eighteen  years. 

Bookbinders. — Have  all  school  books  used 
in  Missouri  printed  by  state  and  by  strictly 
union  labor. 

Binding  Work — Woman’s  Union. — Nine  hours 
work  a day  for  women;  a general  state 
child  labor  law  and  rigid  enforcement  of  it. 

Beer  Brewers. — Initiative  and  referendum, 
labor  laws  and  a general  recall  law. 

Brewery  Engineers. — Eight  hour  law  for  all. 

Broom  Makers.— The  abolition  of  all 
prison  labor  shops. 

Carpenters. — Eight-hour  work  day  on  all 
state  work;  discontinue  prison  labor  shops. 

Cigar  Makers. — Repeal  of  Sunday  law  ap- 
plying to  the  liquor  interest. 

Cement  Workers. — Safer  conditions;  higher 
wages  on  buildings  on  account  of  high 
living  expenses. 

Coopers. — The  repeal  of  the  Sunday  law 
would  greatly  benefit  us,  in  as  much  as 
more  beer  cooperage  would  be  used. 

Coopers  (Machine). — Wide  open  state. 

Clothing  Cutters  and  Trimmers. — Abolish- 
ment of  the  prison  contract  system. 

Machinists. — Better  shop  ventilation  and 
toilet  facility  laws;  safe  guardian  of  emery 
wheels;  the  eight-hour  work  day;  the 
proper  indenture  and  instruction  of  ap- 
prentices; employers’  liability  law  in  ac- 
cidents and  death. 

Marble  Workers. — Eight-hour  law  on  all 
state,  county  and  municipal  work. 

Metal  Workers  (Sheet). — Acts  compelling 
better  shop  conditions. 

Engineers  (Marine). — As  we  are  licensed  and 
governed  by  the  United  States  Inspection 
Service,  I know  of  no  state  legislation  that 
would  be  beneficial  to  us. 

Electrical  Workers. — Force  each  company  to 
use  jobs  of  their  own;  strict  inspection 
laws. 

Glass  Blowers. — Anti-prohibition  legislation. 

Granite  Cutters. — Protection  from  dust  of 
surface  machines. 

Iron  and  Steel  Workers. — Protection  on  sheet 
and  tin  and  bar  iron  and  steel  work;  the 
keeping  out  of  foreign  laboi,  such  as 
Chinese,  Japanese,  Italians,  Greek  and 
Poles. 

Metal  Polishers. — Enforce  all  laws  on  Stat- 
utes now. 

Musician's  Union. — Strict  enforcement  of  the 
laws  prohibiting  the  child  musicians  bands 


from  being  paraded  and  used  to  defeat 
employment  of  professional  musicians,  as 
is  done  by  some  churches  and  institutions 
under  municipal  guidance. 

Pile  Drivers. — Eight  hour  law;  no  discount 
in  wages  to  be  tolerated;  pay  day  every 
fifteen  days  with  not  more  than  five  days 
of  “hold  back”;  when  quitting,  man  must 
be  paid  in  legal  tender  at  once. 

Plumber  Laborers. — General  compulsory  ar- 
bitration laws. 

Pattern  Makers. — The  enactment  and  en- 
forcement of  a law  to  provide  proper  safe 
guards  on  machinery. 

Post  Office  Clerks  — National  eight  hour 
law. 

Printing  Pressmen. — All  city,  county  and 
state  printing,  bookbinding,  letter-heads 
work,  etc.,  should  be  done  by  members 
of  the  Allied  Printing  Trades  Councils; 
abolition  of  convict  labor  shops;  State 
printery  at  Jefferson  City  with  a St.  Louis 
scale  of  wages;  print  and  publish  Missouri 
school  books  at  home. 

Printing,  Compositors. — Eight  hour  law; 
printing  trades  label  on  all  state,  county 
and  municipal  printing;  employes  liability 
law,  providing  compensation  to  the  injured 
workmen;  publish  all  Missouri  school  books 
at  home. 

Railway  Car  Builders  and  Inspectors. — Shorter 
work  day  for  protection  of  men;  prohibition 
for  railroad  men;  compulsory  relief  and 
medical  examination;  a just  employers’ 
liability  law. 

Railway  Engineers. — Make  arbitration  of 
strikes  compulsory  to  both  parties  in  a 
dispute;  make  more  stringent  laws  in  re- 
gard to  all  the  railroads  living  up  to  the 
laws  of  the  state;  laws  providing  for  head- 
lights of  a certain  brillliancy;  and  shorter 
hours  measures. 

Railway  Firemen  and  Engineers. — A law  for 
inspection  of  locomotive  boilers;  shorter 
hours  and  government  examination  of 
engineers. 

Railroad  Telegraphers. — State,  examination 
for  telegraphers;  no  night  men  be  employed 
unless  21  years  old;  employe’s  liability 
law;  eight  hour  law;  six  days  work  a week; 
two  weeks  vacation  each  year,  with  pay; 
pay  day  twice  a month  instead  of  once. 

Railroad  Trainmen. — Third  brakeman  in 
freight  crews.  k-i 

Railroad  Switchmen. — Eight  hour  law;  pay 
day  twice  a month. 

Retail  Clerks. — Shorter  working  hours. 

Steam  Fitters. — To  have  an  inspectors’  law 
for  heating  and  ventilating;  high  power 
pipe  work;  all  refrigerating  work  also. 

Stone  Pavers. — To  require  big  companies  to 
employ  union  labor,  for  instance,  the 
United  Railway  Company  of  St.  Louis. 

Tobacco  Workers. — Enforce  the  anti-trust 
laws  now  on  our  statute  books  against  the 
tobacco  trust.  . 

Tailors. — To  compel  the  employer  to  furnish 
shops  for  men  to  work  in;  better  sanitation 
in  shops  which  do  exist;  abolition  of  the 
present  system  of  leasing  out  convict  labor. 


SUGGESTIONS  BY  KANSAS  CITY  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS. 


Bakers. — Better  Sanitary  conditions;  in- 
spections made  by  one  with  full  knowledge 
of  the  trade,  with  a vigorous  enforcement 
of  six  days  work  in  any  one  week. 


Bottle  Sorters  and  Handlers. — Anti-proln- 
bition  law. 

Brewers  and  Malsters. — Law  to  knock  pro- 
hibition sky  high, 


Needed  Labor  Legislation,  1911. 


11 


Carpenters. — Enforcement  of  54  hours  work 
per  week;  entire  abolishment  of  child  labor. 

Carriage  and  Wagon  Workers. — Eight  hour 
law. 

Cigar  Makers. — Better  safe-guards  for  union 
labels. 

Egg  Inspectors. — Eight  hour  law;  inspection 
of  candeling  room;  better  sanitation. 

Stationary  Engineers. — Eight  hour  law;  strict 
enforcement  of  license  law. 

Machinists. — A law  compelling  all  corpora- 
tions and  other  employers  of  labor  to  pay 
their  help  every  two  weeks;  a strict  en- 
forcement of  eight  hour  law. 

Musicians. — A repeal  or  modification  of  laws 
relating  to  sale  of  intoxicating  liquors  in 
hotels  and  cafes  where  musicians  are  em- 
ployed. 

Painters. — Inspection  laws  of  ropes,  ladders 
and  all  appliances  used  in  construction 


work,  alterations,  repairing  and  painting 
of  all  buildings,  with  power  to  condemn 
same. 

Painters — Signs. — The  prevention  of  com- 
binations of  capital;  also  settlement  of 
prohibition  question. 

Printing  Pressmen. — Laws  that  all  state, 
county  and  municipal  printing  bear  the 
union  label. 

Printing  ( Typographical ).- — -Improve  the  pres- 
ent law,  protecting  the  label  of  organized 
labor. 

Trainmen  ( Road  and  yard  service). — Full 
crew  law  and  eight  hour  law. 

Tailors.— Prohibiting  work  being  made  in 
the  homes. 

Teamsters  ( Bakers  products). — We  are  satis- 
fied with  prevailing  conditions. 

Woodworkers,  Box  Makers. — Eight  hour  law; 
we  are  not  in  favor  of  prohibition. 


SUGGESTIONS  BY  ST.  JOSEPH  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS 


Bakers. — Six  working  days  to  week. 

Barbers. — Extending  the  barber  licensing 
law  to  entire  state. 

Brewery  Workers. — Anti-prohibition  laws. 

Bricklayers. — State  building  inspection  laws. 

Boiler  Makers. — State  boiler  inspection  laws. 

Boot  and  Shoe  Workers. — Initiative  and  ref- 
erendum for  labor  laws;  anti-convict  labor 
laws. 

Carpenters  and  Jointers. — Laws  enacting  an 
eight  hour  working  day;  to  compel  em- 
ployers to  provide  safe-guards  against 
accidents. 

Coopers. — Not  to  use  second  hand  barrels, 
or  barrels  that  have  been  used  once. 

Garment  Workers. — Do  away  with  prison 
made  goods. 

Leather  Workers. — Abolishment  of  convict 
labor;  removal  of  tariff  on  hides. 

Machinists. — Abolish  convict  labor  contracts; 
examination  of  and  licensing  of  automobile 
drivers;  eight  hour  law  for  all  state,  county 
and  municipal  work. 

Plasterers. — State  inspection  of  plastering. 

Plumbers. — The  enactment  and  enforcement 
of  good  sanitary  laws. 


Printing  Trades. — To  require  union  label  t 
appear  on  all  printed  matter  used  by  the 
state,  counties,  cities  and  towns;  also  on 
all  school  text  books. 

Railway  Carmen. — A repeal  of  the  injunction 
law;  to  abolish  all  grocers’  and  butchers’ 
associations,  which  we  believe  are  a great 
curse  to  working  men. 

Railway  Conductors. — Laws  for  shorter  hours; 
requiring  a certificate  of  competency  for 
conductors  before  they  are  allowed  to  take 
charge  of  human  lives  and  property. 

Railway  Firemen. — Tri-monthly  pay  day. 

Railway  Switchmen. — That  the  hand  holds 
or  grab  irons  on  side  of  car  should  be  hori- 
zontal instead  of  perpendicular  and  that 
there  should  be  at  least  two  hand  grab 
irons  directly  above  the  stirrup. 

Railway  Trainmen. — Our  legislative  com- 
mittee is  instructed  as  to  what  we  want. 

Street  Railway  men. — That  all  street  cars  shall 
be  closed  with  vestibules  on  all  sides  from 
October  1st  to  April  1st  of  each  year. 

Stage  Employes. — A state  board  to  investi- 
gate, at  all  times,  theaters  and  public  halls 
in  regard  to  protection  from  fire. 


SUGGESTIONS  FROM  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS  OF  THE  SMALLER  CITIES  AND 

TOWNS. 


Aurora. — 

Carpenters. — Eight-hours  work  a day  on  all 
public  work. 

Bonne  Terre. — 

Machinists. — Do  away  with  the  trusts  and 
high  living;  have  better  wages  for  the 
laboring  man. 

Brookfield. — 

Machinists. — Eight-hour  day  law. 

Locomotive  Engineers. — Shorter  hours  for 
work. 

Cape  Girardeau. — 

Barbers. — Strict  enforcement  of  Sunday  law; 
also  laws  regulating  sanitary  condition, 
and  enforcement  of  present  barber  laws. 

Bartenders. — Legislation  against  state  wide 
prohibition  and  local  option;  repeal  of 
Sunday  law. 

Boiler  Makers. — That  no  man  shall  be  asked 
to  work  on  any  steam  boiler  while  steam  is 
on  the  same;  also  boiler  inspection  law. 

Freight  Car  Repairers. — Two  pay  days  a 
month. 

Carthage.— 

Stone  Cutters. — The  cutting  of  all  state  jobs; 
all  stone  to  be  quarried  in  Missouri. 

Chaffee. — 

Carpenters  and  Joiners. — I do  not  speak  for 
labor  unions.  I am  proud  our  grand  state 
protects  labor  very  well;  we  need  national 
legislation  to  relieve  us  of  commercial  tie- 
ups  throughout  the  country. 


Railway  Car  Men. — A law  requiring  railroads 
having  work  done  on  repair  tracks  to  pro- 
vide shelter  for  their  men  to  work  under  in 
cold  and  stormy  weather;  also  a law  to 
protect  men  working  in  yards  on  trains 
going  out. 

Engineers. — A law  to  prohibit  over  30  freight 
cars  to  a train;  special  limit  on  graded 
track;  better  inspection  of  tracks;  motive 
power  and  rolling  stock. 

Firemen  and  Engineers. — Employes’  liability 
law;  Senate  bill  No.  4656  and  House  bill 
No.  17963;  boiler  inspection  law;  Senate 
bill  No.  236;  also  House  bill  5702  and  House 
bill  3649. 

Charleston. — 

Carpenters. — Eight-hour  work  day;  abolish- 
ment of  prison  contract  labor;  more  strin- 
gent immigration  laws. 

Chillicothe. — 

Carpenters. — Eight-hour  work  day  law. 

DeSoto. — 

Blacksmiths  and  Helpers. — Pay  day  every 
two  weeks. 

Machinists. — Eight-hour  work  day  law  for  car- 
penters. painters,  truckmen,  coach  clean- 
ers, millmen,  car  oilers,  upholsters,  coach 
builders,  cabinet  makers  and  car  inspectors. 
— Laws  prohibiting  work  on  Sunday  only 
save  when  necessary ; to  have  all  inspectors 
competent  and  qualified  men  anci  carry- 
ing a union  card. 


12 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


Conductors. — A law  requiring  three  brake- 
men  on  all  freight  trains. 

Firemen  and  Engineers. — Electric  headlight; 
state  boiler  inspection:  gate  and  watchmen 
at  all  public  crossings. 

Trainmen. — Full  crew;  safety  appliances. 

Eldon. 

Locomotive  Firemen. — Electric  headlights, 
electric  cab  lights  and  electric  gauge  lights; 
a train  crew  of  three  brakemen  and  a con- 
ductor on  long  trains. 

Trainmen. — The  full  crew  bill;  more  rigid 
inspection  of  tracks  and  equipments;  uni- 
form ladders  on  the  sides  of  all  freight  cars. 

Flat  River. — 

Barbers. — Sunday  closing  law. 

Graniteville. — 

Granite  Cutters. — A-law  to  have  all  state  and 
public  buildings  built  of  Missouri  material 
and  by  union  labor. 

Hannibal. — 

Barbers. — A license  law  compelling  all  that 
work  at  the  barber  trade  to  serve  at  least 
three  years,  and  to  grant  license  only  to 
such  as  are  able  to  do  their  work  in  a credit- 
able manner. 

Carpenters. — A state  building  inspection  law; 
a free  press  and  free  speech  law;  the  defeat- 
ing-mf  the  proposed  measure  of  raising  the 
postage  on  second  class  mail  matter. 

Machinists. — Eight-hour  work  day  law. 

Painters  and  Paper  Hangers. — Eight-hour 
work  day  law. 

Printing. — Sanitary  inspection;  union  label 
on  all  county  and  state  work. 

Stove  Moulders  and  Drillers. — Rigid  inspec- 
tion of  factories;  law  prohibiting  child 
labor. 

Tailors. — Only  ten  hours  day  work  for  our 
craft. 

Higginsville. — 

Federal  Labor  Union. — Better  wages  for 
county  road  work. 

Hume. — 

Railroad  Telegraphers. — A law  making  eight 
consecutive  hours  a day  or  night  of  work; 
the  same  rate  of  pay  at  all  stations  whether 
one,  two  or  three  men  are  employed  there, 
without  any  distinctions  whatsoever. 

Jefferson  City. — 

Barbers. — Barbers  law  covering  entire  state. 

Bartenders. — Against  prohibition. 

Carpenters. — Any  carpenter  working  on  state 
property  to  be  a member  of  organized 
labor. 

Pressmen. — Label  on  all  state  printing. 

Railway  Carmen. — To  repeal  some  of  the 
laws  now  in  force  that  are  detrimental  to 
working  classes. 

Railway  Conductors. — Full  train  crew;  plat- 
form on  all  cabooses;  shorter  hours. 

Railway  Firemen. — The  Missouri  laws  are 
good  enough  for  us. 

Railway  Train  and  Yardmen. — Full  crew  bill; 
removing  of  overhead  obstructions;  pro- 
hibit removal  of  all  suits  from  state  to 
Federal  Courts. 

Clerks. — Strict  observance  of  the  Sunday 
law  by  compelling  all  stores  to  be  closed. 

Joplin. — 

Bakery  Workers. — Better  inspection  of  baker 
shops;  strict  enforcement  of  child  labor 
laws. 

Barbers. — State  license  and  strict  sanitary 
laws;  regulation  of  barber  shops. 

Bartenders. — Proper  recognition  and  pro- 
tection of  out  craft. 

Boiler  Makers. — Appointment  of  boiler  maker 
as  inspectors  in  this  state. 

Brewery  Workers. — Against  state  wide  pro- 
hibition. 

Carpenters. — A uniform  eight-hour  day  law. 

Engineers  — Stationery.  — Regulation  and 
licensing  of  engineers. 

Garment  Workers — Overall  Workers — Abolish- 
ment of  convict  labor  and  marking  of  all 
convict  made  goods. 

Machinists, — Eight-hour  law;  high  tariff  on 

ore. 


Moulders. — Law  requiring  better  sanitary 
conditions;  bath  tubs  and  lockers;  rooms 
to  dress  in;  eight-hour  law. 

Musicians. — Legislation  to  do  away  with 
prohibition  and  local  option. 

Painters. — Eight-hour  law. 

Printing — Printers. — The  use  of  the  union 
label  upon  all  printing;  eight-hours  a day 
made  universal. 

Car  Repairs. — TJniversal  eight-hour  law  with 
living  wages. 

Smeltermen. — Better  inspection. 

Tailors. — Against  convict  labor  shops. 

Macon.— 

Bartenders. — An  eight-hour  day  law. 

Marceline. — 

Painters  and  Paper  Hangers. — The  state  to 
levy  1-50  of  one  per  cent  on  all  property 
for  the  support  of  all  widows;  each  to  re- 
ceive $3,000  on  the  death  of  husband:  every 
note  shall  have  the  assessor’s  stamp  on  same 
or  be  non-collectible. 

Firemen — Locomotive. — Law  against  running 
an  engine  that  leaks  steam. 

Milan.— 

Engineers — Locomotive. — Law  requiring  all 
engines  to  have  electric  headlights. 

Moberly. — 

Barbers. — Barbers’  law  to  cover  all  cities  and 
towns  in  the  state,  regardless  of  population. 

Blacksmiths. — To  limit  immigration. 

Carpenters. — Employers’  liability  law. 

Machinists. — Eight-hour  law;  machinery  in- 

r spection  by  state;  abolish  convict  labor. 

Conductors. — More  brakemen  on  freight 
trains;  a reasonable  number  of  cars  to  be 
handled  by  one  crew. 

Monett. — 

Machinists. — Better  inspection  of  railroad 
shops;  law  requiring  railroads  to  pay  every 

- 15  days. 

Car  Builders — Eight  hour  law. 

Engineers — Locomotive. — Better  inspection  of 
engines. 

Switchmen. — Full  crew  law;  better  inspection 
of  trains  and  better  safety  appliances; 
semi-monthly  pay  days. 

Nevada. — 

Carmen. — A law  compelling  railway  compa- 
nies to  make  agreement  with  employes 
and  to  stand  by  same. 

Conductors. — A full  crew  law. 

Engineers — Locomotive. — Repeal  of  law  limit- 
ing the  death  benefit  to  five  thousand  dol- 
lars. 

Firemen  and  Engineers. — Electric  headlight 
bill;  third  brakeman  on  all  freight  trains; 
more  safety  appliances  on  trains. 

Neosho.— 

Carpenters. — Eight-hour  law;  abolishment  of 
convict  labor. 

Poplar  Bluff.— 

Barbers. — Sunday  closing  law. 

Machinists. — Eight-hour  law;  employers’  lia- 
bility law;  rigid  enfotcement  of  factory- 
and  child  labor  laws;  give  women  same 
rates  of  wages  as  men  for  same  kind  of 
work. 

Trackmen. — Section  foremen  should  be  quali- 
fied before  having  charge  of  a section;  allow 
one  man  to  each  mile  of  track. 

Rich  Hill.— 

Coal  Miners. — Better  mine  ventilation;  safety 
mainway  in  escapement  shafts  with  emerg- 
ency steam  hoisters;  practical  miners’  cer- 
tificate before  being  employed  to  open 
mines. 

Sedalia.— 

Blacksmiths. — Law  against  child  labor;  con- 
vict labor  law. 

Boiler  Makers. — Prohibit  boiler  makers  work- 
ing in  fire  box  of  any  boiler  whether  station- 
ery or  locomotive,  when  the  same  is  under 
a head  of  steam. 

Carpenter. — To  require  carpenters  to  hold 
certificate  as  to  his  experience  as  a 
mechanic. 


Needed  Labor  Tjcgislaiion,  1911. 


13 


Metal  Sheet  Workers. — Eight-hour  day  law; 
Saturday  half  holidays;  weekly  payment  of 
wages;  better  sanitary  conditions  in  shops 
and  rigid  inspection  of  same. 

Engineers— Locomotive. — Electric  headlights 
and  electric  lights  in  and  on  caboose. 

Firemen — Locomotive. — Block  signal  applian- 
ces at  all  railroad  crossings;  all  engines, 
except  switch  engines  be  equipped  with 
electric  headlights;  higher  freight  rates. 

Brakemen. — Full  crew  bill. 

Slater. — 

Firemen — Locomot  iv  e . — E m ploy  er  s’  liab  ili  t y 
law. 

Springfield. — 

Bakers. — Eight  hour  law. 

Bartenders. — Legislation  against  state  wide 
prohibition. 

Boiler  Makers. — Any  law  for  the  betterment 
of  the  working  class. 

Brewery  Workers. — A wide  open  state  with 
saloons  under  high  licenses. 

Broom  Makers. — Abolition  of  prison  contract 
labor. 

Carpenters. — To  prohibit  foreign  immigration 
into  the  United  States;  reduce  hours  of 
labor. 

Cigar  Makers. — Abolition  of  prison  contract 
labor. 

Machinists. — Law  for  a shorter  work  day;  to 
prohibit  the  enjoinment  of  men  from  strik- 
ing in  a just  cause -to  compel  the  repairing 
of  all  locomotives  in  the  state  where  they 
are  used;  eight-hour- day  law;  the  railroads 
to  have  their  repair  work  done  at  home. 

Metal,  Sheet,  Workers. — Laws  for  government 
ownership. 

Moulders. — Laws  compeling  bath  rooms  and 
lockers  for  employes  in  all  factories;  also 
law  to  keep  the  gangways  clean  at  proving 
up  time,  which  is  very  necessary  in  a foun- 
dry. 

Musicians. — Laws  preventing  army  and  navy 
musicians  from  competing  with  civilians. 

Painters — Coach. — Laws  increasing  freight 
rates  would  be  most  beneficial  at  present. 

Plumbers. — Laws  to  inspect  all  plumbing. 

Typographical — Good  sanitary  laws. 


Printing  Pressmen — Law  for  cleanliness  and 
good  ventilation,  as  58  per  cent  of  deaths 
in  our  craft  are  due  to  consumption. 

Conductors — Railroads. — A rigid  examination 
law  under  which  incompetent  men  would 
be  weeded  out. 

Firemen — Locomotive. — An  inspection  of  loco- 
motive boilers  by  the  state;  rigid  inspection 
of  track  conditions;  requiring  engineers  to 
have  three  years  experience  as  firemen. 

Telegraph  and  Telephone  Operators — Provide 
some  law  to  stop  our  courts  from  declaring 
so  many  of  our  laws  unconstitutional. 

Switchmen. — An  eight-hour  day,  and  only 
six  days  a week  for  work. 

Stone  Cutters. — All  stone  to  be  cut  on  the 
building  ground;  Missouri  stone  for  all 
public  buildings;  we  have  the  best  of  stone 
in  this  state. 

Tailors. — Abolition  of  the  sweating  system, 
where  one  man  is  paid  all  the  money,  and 
has  women  and  children  working  for  him 
for  small  wages.  Let  Missouri  law  makers 
protect  the  children  so  they  may  grow  and 
learn. 

Thayer.— 

Car  Workers. — Eight  hour,  day  law;  better 
protection  for  carmen  working  in  switch 
yards. 

Conductors. — Full  crew  law;  a close  inspection 
and  supervision  of  conditions  of  track  and 
equipment. 

Firemen  and  Engineers. — Laws  to  prevent 
minor  officials  from  violating  agreements; 
as  each  such  violation  necessitates  our  order 
to  meet  with  the  general  officials,  which  is 
an  expensive  proceeding. 

Trainmen. — Full  crew  law. 

Trenton. — 

Conductors. — Law  not  to  double  head  engines 
on  freight  trains;  but  to  have  shorter 
trains. 

Firemen — Locomotives — Electric  headlights ; 
shorter  hours  on  road;  shorter  tonnage; 
smaller  engines. 

Brakemen  and  Switchmen — Laws  to  have 
track  conditions  improved;  safety  ap- 
pliances on  all  equipment. 


JOINT  LEGISLATIVE  BOARD. 

Organized  labor  of  Missouri  maintains  at  Jefferson  City  during  each 
Labor  Well  session  of  the  General  Assembly  active  representatives,  whose  duty 
Represented,  it  is  to  look  after  the  welfare  of  the  toiling  men  and  women  of  the  state. 

This  body  of  men  has  become  known  as  the  Labor  Legislative  Com- 
mittee and  it  accomplishes  much  good.  Such  a board  was  present  at  the  last  session 
of  the  State  Assembly  in  1909  and  such  a one  will  be  in  attendance  during  the  1911 
gathering.  At  the  1910  convention  of  the  Missouri  State  Federation  of  Labor-  a 
new  committee  was  elected.  It  is  as  follows: 

Legislative  Committee  of  the  Missouri  Federation  of  Labor,  1911. 

John  T.  Fitzpatrick,  Chairman,  1833  Lawn  Ave.,  Kansas  City,  Mo. 

C.  F.  Leedom,  Secretary,  Moberly. 

Frank  R.  Howard,  1413  Charlotte  St.,  Kansas  City,  Mo. 


When  the  1911  General  Assembly  convenes  in  Jefferson  City  the  Brotherhood 
of  Railroad  Trainmen,  Telegraphers,  United  Mine  Workers,  the  Building  Trades 
Council  of  St.  Louis,  the  Boot  and  Shoe  Workers  and  other  bodies  will  send  repre- 
sentatives there  to  look  after  their  interests.  These  union  toilers  will  unite  with  the 


14 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics } 1910. 


Missouri  Federation  body,  organize  a Joint  Legislative  Board,  and  all  will  work 
harmoniously  together  to  secure  the  legislation  organized  labor  needs. 

The  1909  Legislative  Committee  of  the  Missouri  Federation  of  Labor  was  made 
up  of  Edward  McGarry  of  Novinger,  Chairman;  Austin  W.  Biggs  of  St.  Louis,  vice- 
Chairman,  and  Charles  W.  Fear  of  Joplin,  Secretary. 

Labored  Hard  and  Long. 

The  1909  Legislative  Board  of  organized  labor  accomplished  much  good  dur- 
ing the  forty-fifth  session  of  the  State  Assembly.  One  law  demanded,  which  was 
enacted,  provided  that  no  female  should  toil  in  factories  and  certain  other  establish- 
ments over  54  hours  a week.  It  was  known  as  the  nine-hour  a day  law.  An  error 
in  enrolling  it  caused  the  act  to  be  knocked  out  finally  in  St.  Louis.  During  the  forty- 
sixth  session  a similar  measure  will  be  re-introduced  and  very  closely  watched. 
Several  laws  calling  for  the  abolition  of  the  present  system  of  leasing  out  convict 
labor  were  introduced  in  1909,  but  all  failed  to  pass.  Others  will  be  introduced 
early  in  January  and  their  passage  insisted  upon. 

The  1907  Joint  Labor  Legislative  Board  also  did  splendid  work  during  the 
regular  and  extraordinary  session  of  the  forty-fourth  General  Assembly.  The 
combined  efforts  of  its  members,  assisted  by  Governor  Joseph  W.  Folk,  secured  the 
enactment  of  measures  which  had  long  been  demanded  by  organized  labor  for  the 
protection  of  Missouri’s  honest  and  energetic  toilers.  The  membership  of  that 
mutual  useful  association  consisted  of: 


MEMBERS  OF  THE  JOINT  LABOR  LEGISLATIVE  BOARD,  MISSOURI  FEDERATION 

OF  LABOR,  1907. 


Thomas  J.  Sheridan State  Federation  of  Labor,  Joplin. 

H.  W.  Steinbiss International  Building  Trades  Council,  St.  Louis. 

W.  M.  Holman Order  Railroad  Telegraphers,  St.  Louis. 

J.  H.  George Brotherhood  of  Railway  Trainmen,  Marceline. 

Charles  W.  Fear Missouri  Federation  of  Labor,  Kansas  City. 

Charles  G.  Kelso Order  of  Railroad  Telegraphers,  Springfield. 

J.  P.  Leach Brotherhood  of  Railway  Trainmen,  Laredo. 

Al.  G.  Roberts Missouri  Federation  of  Labor,  St.  Joseph. 

George  Manuel United  Mine  Workers  of  America,  Moberly. 

J.  W.  Burch Order  of  Railroad  Telegraphers,  St.  Louis. 

Elmer  E.  Johnson Missouri  Federation  of  Labor,  St.  Louis. 

F.  O.  Williams United  Mine  Workers  of  America,  Richmond. 

Jas.  B.  Finnan Order  of  Railroad  Telegraphers,  St.  Louis. 

Collis  Lovely International  Boot  & Shoe  Workers’  Union,  St.  Louis. 

George  Colville United  Mine  Workers  of  America,  Moberly. 

H.  Wedermeyer Brotherhood  of  Railway  Trainmen,  St.  Louis. 

J.  E.  McQuade Order  Railroad  Telegraphers,  Springfield. 

A.  C.  Thompson United  Garment  Workers  of  America,  St.  Louis. 

Harry  Williams United  Mine  Workers  of  America,  Richmond. 

C.  W.  Frazee Barbers’  International  Union,  St.  Louis. 


OFFICERS  OF  LEGISLATIVE  BOARD,  1907. 


President,  H.  W.  Steinbiss  of  the  Building  Trades  Council St.  Louis. 

Vice-President,  J.  II.  George,  Brotherhood  of  Railway  Trainmen Marceline. 

Sec’y-treas.,  Chas.  W.  Fear,  Mo.  Fed.  of  Labor,  Editor  of  Missouri  Trades  Unionist Joplin. 


Report  of  1910  Legislative  Committee. 


15 


SOME  VALUABLE  RECOMMENDATIONS. 

Convict  The  1910  Legislative  Committee  of  the  Missouri  State  Federation  of 
Labor.  Labor,  was  selected  during  the  eighteenth  convention,  held  at  Joplin 
in  September  1909.  It  was  made  up  of: 

Wm.  M.  Holman,  Chairman 7016  Pennsylvania  Ave.,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

W.  Walter  Stotts,  Secretary 3322  Charlotte  Street,  Kansas  City,  “ 

O.  P.  Weakley 3016  Wabash  Avenue,  “ 

This  Legislative  Committee  made  its  report  during  the  nineteenth  annual  ses- 
sion of  the  Missouri  State  Federation  of  Labor,  held  in  Jefferson  City  in  September, 
1910.  This  document,  which  bears  the  signatures  of  W.  M.  Holman,  as  Chairman; 
O.  P.  Weakley,  and  W.  Walter  Stotts  as  Secretary,  is  full  of  findings  and  recom- 
mendations which  are  of  high  value  to  organized  labor.  The  essential  features  in 
the  same  are  as  follows: 


REPORT  OF  LEGISLATIVE  COMMITTEE. 


Jefferson  City,  Mo.,  Sept.  19,  1910. 

To  the  Officers  and  Members  of  the  Missouri 
State  Federation  of  Labor,  in  Comvention 
Assembled: 

We,  your  Legislative  Committee  for  the 
last  fiscal  year,  desire  to  make  the  following 
report  of  the  work  which  has  been  left  in  our 
hands  to  be  accomplished: 

At  the  close  of  the  convention  last  year  in 
Joplin,  the  newly  elected  Legislative  Committee 
got  together  with  W.  M.  Holman  as  chairman, 
and  he  called  a meeting  for  the  next  week  in 
Kansas  City,  and  there  the  board  was  formed 
with  W.  W.  Stotts  as  secretary.  The  proposi- 
tions that  the  Federation  called  the  attention 
of  the  Legislative  Committee  to  were  gone  over 
carefully  and  the  plans  were  outlined  for  the 
work  as  far  as  possible. 

Some  of  the  contracts  in  the  State  prison 
having  expired,  and  as  the  question  of  renewing 
the  same  was  before  the  State  officials,  your 
Legislative  Committee  deemed  it  advisable  to 
present  an  argument  favoring  a higher  rate 
should  the  contracts  be  renewed  at  all.  A 
meeting  of  the  Legislative  Committee  was 
therefore  called  at  Kansas  City  on  November 
9,  when  the  following  letter  was  drafted  and 
forwarded  to  Governor  Hadley: 

Kansas  City,  Mo.,  November  9,  1909. 
Hon.  Herbert  S.  Hadley,  Governor,  Jefferson 
City: 

Dear  Sir — While  organized  labor  of  this 
State  is  opposed  to  any  form  of  leasing  the  con- 
victs to  private  contractors  for  the  manufacture 
of  goods  that  come  into  competition  with  the 
products  of  free  labor  in  the  open  market,  and 
as  we  propose  to  continue  our  efforts  toward 
the  ultimate  abolition  of  the  leasing  system,  we, 
the  Legislative  Committee  of  the  Missouri  State 
Federation  of  Labor,  desire  to  express  our  ap- 
preciation of  the  stand  you  have  taken,  as  re- 
ported in  the  press,  to  require  a higher  rate  of 
pay  and  the  shortening  of  the  term  of  contracts, 
as  outlined  in  the  report. 

We  would,  therefore,  urge  that  you  con- 
sider no  contract  that  might  call  for  anything 


less  than  SI. 00  per  day  for  each  able-bodied 
convict  so  leased,  and  that  such  contracts  as 
are  renewed  be  even  less  than  for  four  years, 
if  it  is  possible  to  do  so. 

While  these  suggested  changes  will  not 
achieve  the  results  organized  labor  demands, 
they  will  tend  toward  some  improvement  in 
lessening  the  competition  with  free  labor. 

Very  respectfully, 

WM.  M.  HOLMAN,  Chairman, 

7016  Pennsylvania  Ave.,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

W.  M.  STOTTS,  Secretary, 

3322  Charlotte  St.,  Kansas  City,  Mo. 

To  which  was  received  the  following  reply : 

November  15.  1909. 
Mr.  W.  M.  Holman,  St.  Louis,  Mo.: 

Dear  Sir — I beg  to  acknowledge  receipt  of 
your  letter  of  November  9th,  expressing  ap- 
proval of  my  action  in  endeavoring  to  secure 
increased  compensation  for  the  labor  of  the 
convicts  confined  in  the  State  penitentiary. 
Since  the  announcement  of  my  position  in  this 
matter,  I understand  that  the  Board  of  Prison 
Inspectors  claim  that  they  have  the  authority 
to  make  contracts  for  this  labor,  and  that  they 
propose  to  award  the  same  at  the  rate  of  seventy 
cents  a day.  It  has  been  my  opinion  that  the 
contractors  could  afford  to  pay  more  than  this 
amount,  and  that  no  contracts  should  be  let 
for  over  four  years. 

Very  truly  yours, 

H.  S.  HADLEY, 

Governor. 

CONTRACTS  LET. 

We  were  later,  unofficially,  advised  that 
the  rate  had  been  increased  from  60  to  70  cents. 

On  the  22nd  of  June,  1910,  the  Legislative 
Committee  was  called  to  St.  Louis  by  President 
Miller  to  act  in  conjunction  with  the  executive 
board  on  matters  pertaining  to  the  Federation. 
When  President  Miller  called  the  combined 
boards  together  at  10  o’clock,  June  22,  not  a 
member  was  missing.  The  entire  day  was 
taken  up  in  reviewing  what  the  convention  at 
Joplin  had  instructed  them  to  do.  Every  bill 


16 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


and  resolution  was  taken  up  in  order  and  dis- 
cussed pro  and  con,  and  the  secretary  was  or- 
dered to  write  President  Gompers  for  a copy 
of  the  Uniform  Employers’  Liability  law;  also 
to  Secretary  of  State  Roach  and  get  a copy  of 
the  women’s  54-hour  week  bill.  A great  deal 
of  time  and  thought  was  given  the  convict 
labor  question,  the  New  York  plan  receiving 
close  investigation,  and  it  was  decided  that 
that  question  should  have  precedence  over  the 
rest  of  the  proposition.  The  Legislative  Com- 
mittee were  instructed  to  remain  another  day 
and  finish  drawing  up  the  questions  to  be  sub- 
mitted to  the  candidates  for  election  to  the 
State  legislature. 

The  next  day  the  Legislative  Committee 
met,  and  after  much  thought  and  consideration 
of  all  the  propositions,  made  out  the  following 
letter  and  questions: 

MISSOURI  STATE  FEDERATION  OF 
LABOR. 

Office  of  Legislative  Committee. 

Kansas  City,  Mo. 

At  the  Eighteenth  Annual  Convention  of 
the  Missouri  State  Federation  of  Labor,  Sep- 
tember 20  to  23,  1909,  the  following  bills  were 
recommended  and  the  Legislative  Committee 
of  the  State  Federation  of  Labor  was  instructed 
to  have  them  presented  to  the  candidates  for 
election  to  the  Forty-sixth  General  Assembly 
of  Missouri,  with  request  that  all  candidates 
who  endorse  them  sign  their  names  to  the  an- 
nexed pledge.  Candidates  who  endorse  part 
but  not  all  are  requested  to  designate  which 
they  favor.  Any  explanation  desired  on  any 
of  these  laws  will  be  gladly  furnished  by  the 
committee. 

Address  all  communications  relative  to 
this  matter  to  W.  Walter  Stotts,  Secretary, 
3322  Charlotte  Street,  Kansas  City,  Mo. 

W.  M.  HOLMAN,  Chairman. 

W.  WALTER  STOTTS,  Secretary. 

O.  P.  WEAKLEY, 

Legislatiye  Committee. 

Detach  and  forward  to  W.  Walter  Stotts, 
Secretary,  3322  Charlotte  St.,  Kansas  City,  Mo. 

If  elected  to  the  Forty-sixth  General  As- 
sembly of  the  State  of  Missouri,  I hereby  pledge 
myself  to  work  and  vote  for  the  passage  of  the 
following  bills  affecting  labor.  (See  enclosed 
copies  of  proposed  measures.) 

BILL  NO.  1.  AN  ACT  ABOLISHING  THE 
PRESENT  SYSTEM  OF  LEASING  CON- 
VICTS. 

Answer 

BILL  NO.  2.  EMPLOYERS’  LIABILITY 
BILL. 

Answer 

BILL  NO.  3.  WOMEN’S  54-HOUR  WEEK 
BILL. 

Answer 

Name 

Candidate  for 

From  (County  or  District) 

My  address  is,  postoffice . . 

Date 


BILL  NO.  1. 

A BILL  TO  ABOLISH  THE  PRESENT 
SYSTEM  OF  LEASING  CONVICTS. 
An  act  to  amend  sections  8878,  8901,  8902  and 
8928  of  article  I,  chapter  141,  Revised  Stat- 
utes of  Missouri,  1899,  and  to  add  thereto 
three  new  sections,  to  be  known  as  sections 
8928a,  8928b  and  8928c. 

Section  1.  That  section  8878,  Revised 
Statutes,  1899,  be  and  the  same  is  hereby  amend- 
ed by  striking  out  that  part  thereof  included  in 
the  last  six  lines  thereof,  which  now  reads  as 
follows:  (“And  he  shall  use  his  best  endeavors, 
to  the  end  that  the  expenses  of  the  penitentiary 
may  be  paid  out  of  the  proceeds  of  the  labor  of 
convicts,  when  employed  in  manufacturing  or 
otherwise,  on  behalf  of  the  state),  and  shall  act 
under  the  direction  of  the  inspectors  in  making 
contracts  for  the  employment  of  the  labor  of 
the  convicts,”  so  that  the  said  section,  as 
amended,  shall  read  as  follows: 

Sec.  8878.  Duty  as  to  state  property — 
contracting  for  convict  labor,  etc. — The  warden 
shall  have  the  charge  and  custody  of  the  pen- 
itentiary prison,  with  the  lands,  buildings, 
tools,  implements,  stock,  provisions  and  every 
other  description  of  property  pertaining  thereto 
belonging  to  the  state;  and  it  shall  be  his  duty  to 
keep  correct  accounts  of  the  same.  It  shall 
also  be  the  duty  of  the  warden  to  classify  the 
convicts  in  their  labor,  and  shall  classify  them 
in  their  cells  or  sleeping  apartments,  as  follows: 

Class  1.  Those  who  have  been  incarcer- 
ated from  a period  of  two  to  three  years. 

Class  2.  Those  who  have  been  incarcer- 
ated for  a period  from  three  to  seven  years. 

Class  3.  Those  who  have  been  incarcer- 
ated for  a period  from  seven  to  fifteen  years. 

Class  4.  Those  who  have  been  incarcer- 
ated for  a period  from  fifteen  years  to  life  sen- 
tence. 

And  that  the  warden  shall  classify  each 
above  class  with  regard  to  reformation,  accord- 
ing to  their  reputations,  as  made  to  him. 

Sec.  2.  That  section  8901,  Revised  Stat- 
utes, 1899,  be  and  the  same  is  hereby  amended 
by  striking  out  the  words  therein  contained, 
beginning  in  the  sixth  line  thereof,  and  reading 
as  follows:  “And  of  the  employment  of  the 
convicts  therein  confined ; the  money  concerned 
and  contracts  for  work,”  so  that  said  section, 
as  amended,  shall  read  as  follows: 

Sec.  8901.  Duty  of  inspectors. — The  in- 
spectors shall  visit  the  penitentiary  once  in 
each  month,  and  as  much  oftener  as  shall  be 
necessary,  to  keep  them  well  informed  in  re- 
lation thereto;  and  at  such  stated  or  special 
visits  they  shall  carefully  inquire  into  all  mat- 
ters connected  with  the  government,  discipline 
and  police  of  said  penitentiary,  the  degree  and 
nature  of  punishment;  the  purchase  and  sales 
of  all  articles  provided  for  said  penitentiary  or 
sold  on  account  thereof.  They  shall  see 
that  all  such  general  rules  and  regula- 
tions and  orders  for  the  government  and  dis- 
cipline of  said  prison  as  may  be  made  by 
the  warden,  with  their  approval,  are  en- 
forced. Such  rules  only  shall  be  adopted  as, 


191. . . 


Report  of  1910  Legislative  Committee. 


17 


in  their  judgment,  shall  best  conduce  to  the 
reformation  of  the  convict.  They  shall  inquire 
into  any  alleged  misconduct  of  the  warden  or 
any  other  officer  or  employe  of  the  penitentiary, 
and  for  that  purpose  shall  have  power  to  issue 
subpeonas  and  compel  the  attendance  of  wit- 
nesses, and  may  examine  witnesses  who  may 
appear  before  them,  under  oath. 

Sec.  3.  That  section  8902,  Revised  Sta- 
tutes, 1899,  be  and  the  same  is  hereby  amended 
by  striking  out  the  words  now  therein  contained, 
beginning  in  the  ninth  line  of  said  section,  read- 
ing as  follows:  “Of  all  contracts  entered  into 
during  the  two  preceding  years  for  the  em- 
ploying of  convicts,  or  for  any  other  purpose; 
the  terms  of  such  contracts,  stating  what  por- 
tion of  each  contract  has  been  performed,  and 
the  several  sums  of  money  received,”  so  that 
said  section,  as  amended,  shall  read  as  follows: 

Sec.  8902.  Report  to  general  assemoly. — 
“The  inspectors  shall,  at  their  discretion,  re- 
quire reports  to  be  made,  by  the  warden  and 
other  officers  of  the  penitentiary,  in  relation  to 
any  and  all  matters  connected  with  the  govern- 
ment, management,  operation,  business,  dis- 
cipline and  property  of  said  penitentiary,  with 
the  condition,  conduct  and  employment  of  the 
convicts  confined  therein;  and  said  inspectors 
shall  make  a biennial  report  to  the  general  as- 
sembly concerning  the  state  and  condition  of 
said  penitentiary  and  convicts;  of  all  moneys 
received  and  expended;  for  what  purposes  and 
to  whom  paid,  with  similar  reports  concerning 
all  other  contracts;  and  they  shall  also  include 
in  each  biennial  report  an  abstract  of  all  reports 
made  to  them  by  the  several  officers  of  the 
penitentiary  during  the  two  preceding  years.” 

Sec.  4.  Article  I of  chapter  141  of  the 
Revised  Statutes  of  1899  be  and  the  same  is 
hereby  amended  by  adding  thereto  the  follow- 
ing new  sections,  8928a,  8928b  and  8928c: 

Sec.  8928a.  No  contract  shall  hereafter 
be  made  by  the  warden  of  the  state  peniten- 
tiary or  the  board  of  prison  inspectors,  or  by 
the  superintendent  or  other  officer  of  any  state 
penal  institution  or  reformatory,  or  by  any 
other  authority  whatsoever,  by  which  the 
labor  or  time  of  any  prisoner  in  the  state  peni- 
tentiary or  state  penal  institution  or  any  re- 
formatory of  the  state,  or  the  product  or  profit 
of  his  work,  shall  be  contracted,  let,  farmed 
out,  given  or  sold  to  any  person,  firm,  associa- 
tion or  corporation:  Provided,  however,  that 
the  prisoners  confined  in  said  penal  institutions 
may  work  for  and  the  products  of  their  labor 
may  be  disposed  of  to  the  state  or  any  political 
subdivision  thereof,  or  for  or  to  any  public  in- 
stitution under  or  managed  and  controlled  by 
the  state  or  any  political  subdivision  thereof. 

Sec.  8928b.  The  warden  of  the  state  peni- 
tentiary, the  board  of  prison  inspectors,  and  all 
other  officials  of  all  penal  and  reformatory  in- 
stitutions of  the  state  shall,  so  far  as  practicable, 
cause  all  the  prisoners  who  are  physically 
capable  to  be  employed  at  hard  labor,  for  not 
to  exceed  eight  hours  of  each  day,  other  than 
Sundays  and  public  holidays,  but  such  hard 
labor  shall  be  either  for  the  purpose  of  pro- 
O L — 2 


duction  of  supplies  for  said  institutions  or  for 
the  state,  or  any  political  division  thereof,  or 
for  any  public  institution  owned  or  managed 
or  controlled  by  the  state  or  political  division 
thereof,  or  for  the  purpose  of  industrial  training 
or  instruction. 

Sec.  8928c.  All  acts  and  parts  of  acts  in- 
consistent with  sections  8928a,  8928b  and  sec- 
tions 8878,  8901,  8902  and  8928  of  article  I, 
chapter  141,  Revised  Statutes  of  Missouri,  as 
amended  by  this  act,  are  hereby  repealed. 


BILL  NO.  2. 

A BILL  TO  AMEND  THE  LAWS  RELATING 

TO  THE  LIABILITY  OF  EMPLOYERS 

FOR  INJURIES  TO  THEIR  EMPLOYES. 
Be  it  enacted  by  the  General  Assembly  of  the 
State  of  Missouri,  as  follows: 

Section  1.  (1)  Where,  after  the  com- 

mencement of  this  Act,  personal  injury  is 
caused  to  any  employe,  by  reason  of  the  neg- 
ligence of  his  employer,  or  of  any  other  person 
in  the  service  of  such  employer,  the  employe, 
or  in  case  of  death,  his  representatives,  shall 
have  the  same  rights  to  compensation,  and 
remedies  against  such  employer,  as  if  the  em- 
ploye had  not  been  an  employe  of,  nor  in  the 
service  of  such  employer,  nor  engaged  in  his 
work:  Provided,  however,  that  the  fact  that 
such  employe  may  haye  been  guilty  of  con- 
tributory negligence  shall  not  bar  a recovery 
in  any  action  hereafter  brought  to  recover 
such  compensation,  but  the  damages  may  be 
diminished  by  the  jury  in  proportion  to  the 
amount  of  negligence  attributable  to  such  em- 
ploye; and  provided  further,  that  no  such  em- 
ploye shall  be  held  in  such  action  to  have  been 
guilty  of  contributory  negligence  in  any  case, 
where  the  violation  of  the  employer  of  any 
statute  enacted  for  the  safety  of  employes, 
contributed  to  his  injury. 

(2)  An  employe  shall  not  be  deemed  to 
have  assumed  any  risk  incident  to  his  employ- 
ment, by  reason  only  of  his  having  entered 
upon,  or  continued  in,  the  employment,  after 
he  knew  of  the  risk,  and  shall  in  no  event  be 
held  to  have  assumed  any  risk  arising  by  reason 
of  the  negligence  of  his  employer,  or  of  any 
person  in  the  service  of  such  employer. 

(3)  All  questions  of  negligence  and  con- 
tributory negligence  and  assumption  of  risk 
shall  be  for  the  jury. 

Sec.  2.  (1)  A contract  whereby  an  em- 

ploye relinquishes  any  right  to  compensation  to 
himself  or  his  representatives,  for  personal 
injury  caused  to  such  employe  by  reason  of  the 
negligence  of  his  employer  or  of  any  person  in 
the  service  of  his  employer,  shall  not,  if  made 
before  the  accrual  of  the  right,  constitute  a de- 
fense to  any  action  brought  for  the  recovery 
of  such  compensation. 

(2)  Where  an  employer  has  contributed 
to  an  insurance  or  fund  providing  any  benefit 
for  an  employe  or  his  representatives  in  case  of 
injury  or  death,  in  any  action  brought  against 
such  employer  for  negligence  in  causing  such 
injury  or  death,  the  jury  in  assessing  the’  amount 


18 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


of  compensation  payable,  shall  treat  as  a pay- 
ment on  account  of  the  employer’s  liability  so 
much  of  any  money  which  has  been  or  will  be 
paid  to  the  employe  or  his  representatives  out 
of  the  insurance  or  fund,  as  in  the  opinion  of 
the  jury  is  attributable  to  the  employer’s  con- 
tribution, but  the  agreement  to  accept,  or 
acceptance  of  such  benefit  in  whole  or  in  part 
by  such  employe,  or  his  representatives  shall 
not  constitute  a defense  to  such  action. 

Sec.  3.  In  this  act — 

(1)  The  term  “employe”  includes  every 
person  who  has  entered  into  employment  to 
give  service,  or  who  works  under  a contract  or 
agreement  of  service  or  apprenticeship,  with  an 
employer. 

(2)  The  term  “employer”  includes  indi- 
viduals, partnerships  and  bodies  of  persons 
corporate  or  incorporate,  and  shall  be  construed 
as  including  the  representatives  or  receivers  of 
deceased,  defunct  or  insolvent  employers. 

(3)  The  term  “representatives”  means 
legal  representatives,  and  shall  be  construed 
as  including  the  persons  entitled  to  compensa- 
tion in  case  of  death  of  any  employe. 

Sec.  4.  Nothing  in  this  act  shall  preju- 
dicially affect  any  right  or  remedy  to  which  an 
employe  is  entitled  independently  of  this  act. 

Sec.  5.  This  act  shall  be  in  force  from  and 
after  its  passage,  and  shall  apply  to  all  con- 
tracts of  employment  thereafter  made  and  en- 
tered into. 

EXPLANATION  OF  ABOVE  BILL. 

This  employers’  liability  bill  expands  the 
existing  remedy  when  aiegligence  causes  an 
accident;  it  removes  certain  defenses  of  em- 
ployers which  frequently  prevent  success  in  a 
suit,  even  when  the  employer  can  be  proved 
to  be  negligent. 

Clause  1.  (1)  Abolishes  the  defense 

known  as  the  fellow  servant  rule,  and  makes 
the  employer  responsible  to  the  person  injured 
for  the  negligence  of  every  one  of  his  employes 
(instead  of  being  responsible  for  only  certain 
negligent  acts  of  certain  of  his  employes  as  at 
present.) 

The  first  proviso  prevents  contributory 
negligence  of  the  injured  from  barring  a re- 
covery, and  makes  it  merely  diminish  the 
amount  of  damages  recoverable. 

The  next  proviso  prevents  contributory 
negligence  of  the  infured  having  any  effect  at 
all,  in  cases  where  an  employer  has  violated  a 
safety  statute. 

Clause  1.  (2)  Deals  with  the  assumption 

of  risk  defense,  and  prevents  the  courts  from 
holding  as  a matter  of  law  “that  through  taking 
an  employment  or  through  knowledge  of  the 
danger,  the  employe  agreed  to  assume  a risk” 
(the  jury  will  have  to  decide  whether  as  a fact 
the  injured  did  so  agree).  It  specifically  pre- 
vents the  defense  being  used  at  all  by  the  em- 
ployer where  the  employer  or  his  other  em- 
ployes have  been  negligent. 

Clause  I.  (3)  Makes  questions  of  negli- 
gence, contributory  negligence  and  assumption 


of  risk  entirely  questions  to  be  decided  by  the 
jury. 

Clause  II.  (1)  Prevents  an  employe 
from  being  held  to  have  by  contract  before  his 
accident  happened  waived  his  rights  to  sue. 

Clause  II.  (2)  Prevents  acceptance  of, 
or  agreements  to  accept  insurance  benefits  from 
being  used  as  a defense  to  a suit. 

Clauses  III,  IV,  V.  Are  merely  formal 
definitions  and  declaratory  provisions. 


BILL  NO.  3. 

A BILL  TO  REGULATE  THE  HOURS  OF 
FEMALE  EMPLOYES  IN  CERTAIN  ES- 
TABLISHMENTS. 

Be  it  enacted  by  the  General  Assembly  of  the 
State  of  Missouri,  as  follows: 

Section  1.  Hours  of  labor  per  week. — No 
female  shall  be  employed  or  permitted  to  work 
in  any  manufacturing  or  mercantile  establish- 
ment, laundry  or  restaurant  in  any  cities  of  this 
state  which  may  now  or  hereafter  contain  more 
than  5,000  inhabitants  before  five  o’clock  in  the 
morning  or  after  ten  o’clock  in  the  evening  of 
any  day,  nor  for  more  than  fifty-four  hours  in 
any  one  week.  A printed  notice,  in  a form 
which  shall  be  furnished  by  the  commissioner 
of  labor,  stating  the  number  of  hours  per  day 
for  each  week  required  of  females,  and  the  time 
when  such  work  shall  begin  and  end,  shall  be 
kept  posted  in  a conspicuous  place  in  each  room 
where  they  are  employed.  The  presence  of 
such  female  employes  in  any  of  the  places  herein 
mentioned  at  any  hour  other  than  those  stated 
in  the  posted  notice,  shall  constitute  prima  facia 
evidence  of  a violation  of  this  act:  Provided, 
that  this  act  shall  not  apply  to  any  mercantile 
establishment  where  three  or  less  such  females 
are  employed:  Provided,  that  women  may  be 
employed  after  10  p.  m.  in  restaurants,  but  shall 
not  be  employed  therein  more  than  nine  hours 
in  any  one  day.  , 

Sec.  2.  Employers  liable,  when — penalty 
Any  person  who,  directly  or  indirectly,  for 
himself  or  for  another,  shall  employ  any  female 
in  violation  of  the  provisions  of  this  act,  and 
any  employer  who  shall  fail  to  post  or  to  keep 
posted  the  notice  required  by  the  preceding 
section,  shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  a misdemean- 
or, and  shall  be  punished  by  a fine  of  not  less 
than  fifty  nor  more  than  one  hundred  dollars. 


The  secretary  was  ordered  to  have  them 
printed;  also,  to  get  500  large  envelopes,  etc., 
as  soon  as  possible;  also,  to  secure  the  names 
of  every  candidate  for  the  Legislature  and  send 
him  a copy. 

Up  to  date  among  the  stack  of  answers 
not  a dissenting  answer  has  been  received.  In 
conclusion  we  desire  to  state  that  notwithstand- 
ing this  has  been  an  off  year,  no  legislature 
being  in  session,  your  committee  has  labored 
most  conscientiously  to  secure  the  promises  of 
votes  enough  to  secure  the  enactment  of  laws 
beneficial  to  the  working  man  and  organized 
labor  throughout  the  State. 


Abolition  of  Convict  Labor,  1911. 


19 


ABOLITION  OF  CONVICT  LABOR. 

The  paramount  demand  of  organized  labor  is  that  the  present  system 
Paramount  of  leasing  out  the  labor  of  convicts  to  contractor  and  individuals  and 
Issue.  thereby  creating  unfair  conditions  for  boot  and  shoe  workers,  cloth- 
ing makers,  harness  makers,  broom  makers,  certain  wood  workers 
and  one  or  two  other  crafts  of  the  state,  now  in  vogue  at  the  penitentiary 
in  Jefferson  City,  be  entirely  done  away  with.  For  eight  or  ten  years  the  unions  of 
Missouri  have  been  working  together  with  this  reform  as  the  object.  The  chief  political 
parties  of  the  state,  have,  several  times,  by  their  platforms  and  otherwise,  promised 
to  eradicate  this  uneven  competition. 

In  the  1910  platforms  of  the  Democratic,  Republican  and  other  parties,  adopted 
at  the  denomination  conferences  in  Jefferson  City  last  September,  it  was  reiterated 
that  the  present  system  should  be  abolished  and  the  convicts  given  employment 
of  a kind  which  would  not  place  them  in  competition  with  the  working  men  and 
women  of  Missouri.  The  party  planks  in  question  are: 


DEMOCRATIC. 


present  system  of  convict  labor  at  the  Missouri  j 
State  Penitentiary.  We  believe  that  it  is  un- 
fair and  unjust  to  honest  labor  that  they  should 
be  compelled  to  compete  with  convict  labor, 
and  we  recommend  that  the  State  Legislature  I 
devise  means  for  using  the  State  convicts  in 
preparing  material  for  the  construction  of  per- 
manent public  roads  in  this  State,  reclaiming 
swamp  and  overflowed  lands  and  to  prevent 
the  inundation  of  river  bottom  lands,  thereby 
preventing  competition  between  honest  and 
skilled  labor  and  convict  labor. 

We  commend  the  last  Democratic  State 
Senate  in  standing  by  the  Democratic  platform 
in  1908  and  passing  a bill  abolishing  convict 
labor  at  the  State  Penitentiary,  and  we  con- 
demn the  Republican  House  of  Representatives 
in  violating  the  pledge  of  their  platform  for  re- 
fusing to  concur  on  that  bill  passed  by  the 
Democratic  State  Senate. 


REPUBLICAN. 

Contract  Labor. — We  recognize  the  fact 
that  the  present  system  of  contract  labor  in  the 
State  Penitentiary  should  be  discontinued  as 
soon  as  some  plan  can  be  devised  by  which  the 
convicts  can  be  employed  in  other  work,  and 
to  this  end  we  favor  the  gradual  discontinuance 
of  the  present  contract  labor  system  and  the 
employment  of  State  convicts  in  work  which 
will  not  make  them  competitors  with  free  labor. 


SOCIALISTIC. 

Whereas,  The  present  system  of  prison  con- 
tract labor  in  the  State  of  Missouri  is  not  only 
an  injustice  to  organized  labor,  but  to  the  en- 
tire working  class;  and, 


Whereas,  Under  the  prison  contract  labor 
•system,  private  contractors  and  corporations 
are  given  the  privilege  of  exploiting  the  prison- 
ers furnished  by  the  State,  at  the  rato  of  70 
cents  per  day,  a price  far  below  the  minimum 
wage  paid  for  free  labor;  and, 

Whereas,  These  private  prison  labor  con- 
tractors and  corporations,  in  addition  to  this 
cheap  labor,  receive  their  shop  room,  light, 
water,  power,  heavy  machinery,  etc.,  from  the 
State  at  a nominal  rate;  therefore,  be  it 

Resolved,  That  the  Socialist  Party,  in  legal 
State  convention  assembled,  hereby  condemns 
the  present  prison  contract  labor  system  and 
insists  on  the  abolition  of  the  same;  and  it  is 
further 

Resolved,  That  we  demand  that  the  State 
Legislature  enact  the  following: 

No  contract  shall  hereafter  be  made  by  the 
warden  of  the  State  penitentiary  or  board  of 
prison  inspectors  or  by  the  superintendent  or 
other  officer  of  any  State  penal  institution  or 
reformatory  or  by  any  other  authority  whatso- 
ever, by  which  the  labor  or  time  of  any  prisoner 
in  the  State  penitentiary  or  State  penal  institu- 
tion or  any  reformatory  of  the  State,  or  the 
product  or  profit  of  his  work,  shall  be  con- 
tracted, let,  farmed  out,  given  or  sold  to  any 
person,  firm,  association  or  corporation:  Pro- 
vided, however,  that  the  prisoners  confined  in 
said  penal  institutions  may  work  for  and  the 
products  of  their  labor  may  be  disposed  of  to 
the  State  or  any  political  subdivision  thereof, 
or  for  or  to  any  public  institution  under  or 
managed  or  controlled  by  the  State  or  any 
political  subdivision  thereof:  Provided,  that 
in  no  case  shall  convict  labor  come  in  compe- 
tition with  free  labor;  and  further  provided, 
that  while  the  contract  system  continues,  a 
reasonable  per  cent  of  the  proceeds  of  the  labor 
of  the  convict  shall  be  paid  to  his  family,  or 
held  and  paid  to  him  at  the  end  of  his  term. 


20 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


For  the  Republican  party  the  plank  was  not  given  in  the  1910  platform,  but 
it  was  mentioned  there  that  the  party  again  stood  for  and  advocated  all  reforms 
of  the  1908  convention.  Therefore  this  plank  of  the  1908  platform  stands  as  hav- 
ng  been  reiterated  for  1910. 


AFFILIATED  UNIONS. 

MISSOURI  STATE  FEDERATION  OF  LABOR. 

t 

The  following  Missouri  labor  unions  are  affiliated  with  the  Missouri  State  Fed- 
eration of  Labor,  and  took  part  through  their  representatives  in  the  convention  of 
September,  1910,  in  Jefferson  City. 


Allied  Printing  Trades  Council,  Kansas  City. 
Badge  Makers’  No.  9136,  St.  Louis. 

Bakers’  No.  4,  St.  Louis. 

Bakers’  No.  83,  St.  Joseph. 

Bakers’  No.  218,  Kansas  City. 

Bakers’  No.  365,  Hannibal. 

Baker  Wagon  Drivers’  No.  335,  Kansas  City. 
Barbers’  No.  37,  Joplin. 

Barbers’  No.  128,  St.  Joseph. 

Barbers’  No.  191,  Springfield. 

Barbers’  No.  192,  Kansas  City. 

Barbers’  No.  259,  Sedalia. 

Barbers’  No.  271,  Hannibal. 

Bartenders’  No.  51,  St.  Louis. 

Bartenders’  No.  386,  Hannibal. 

Bartenders’  No.  420,  Kansas  City. 
Bartenders’  No.  461,  Springfield. 

Bartenders’  No.  832,  Sedalia. 

Beer  Bottlers’  No.  169,  Kansas  City. 

Beer  Drivers’  No.  43,  St.  Louis. 

Beer  Drivers’  No.  100,  Kansas  City. 
Blacksmiths’  No.  54,  Sedalia. 

Blacksmiths’  No.  241,  Springfield. 
Blacksmiths’  No.  278,  Hannibal. 

Blacksmiths’  No.  482,  Springfield. 
Boilermakers’  No.  113,  Sedalia. 

Bookbinders’  No.  18,  St.  Louis. 

Bookbinders’  No.  60,  Kansas  City. 

Boot  and  Shoe  Workers’  No.  25,  St.  Louis. 
Boot  and  Shoe  Workers’  No.  338,  St.  Louis. 
Bottle  Sorters’  No.  11759,  Kansas  City. 
Boxmakers’  No.  267,  Kansas  City. 

Brewery  Firemen  No.  95,  St.  .Louis. 

Brewers’  and  Malsters’  No.  46,  Kansas  City. 
Brewery  Workers’  No.  93,  St.  Joseph. 
Brewery  Workers’  No.  193,  Joplin. 

Brewery  Workers’  No.  292,  Springfield. 
Broommakers’  No.  45,  St.  Louis. 
Broommakers’  No.  86,  Springfield. 
Carpenters’  No.  4,  Kansas  City. 

Carpenters’  No.  607,  Hannibal. 

Carpenters’  No.  646,  St.  Lbuis. 

Carpenters’  No.  978,  Springfield. 

Carpenters’  No.  1391,  Kansas  City. 
Carpenters’  No.  1434,  Moberly. 

Carpenters’  District  Council,  St.  Louis. 
Central  Labor  Union,  Cape  Girardeau. 

Central  Labor  Union,  Jefferson  City. 

Central  Labor  Union,  Marceline. 

Central  Labor  Union,  Rich  Hill. 

Central  Labor  Union,  Joplin. 

Central  Labor  Union,  St.  Joseph. 


j Central  Labor  Union,  St.  Louis. 

I Central  Labor  Union,  Springfield, 
i Cigarmakers’  No.  23,  Springfield, 
j Cigarmakers’  No.  30,  Moberly. 

| Cigarmakers’  No.  44,  St.  Louis. 

I Cigarmakers’  No.  76,  Hannibal, 
j Cigarmakers’  No.  95,  St.  Joseph, 
j Cigarmakers’  No.  102,  Kansas  City. 

| Cigarmakers’  No.  193,  Jefferson  City, 
j Cigarmakers’  No.  322,  Joplin. 

Cigarmakers’  No.  233,  Sedalia. 
j Cigar  Packers,  No.  281,  St.  Louis. 

| Coach  Painters’  No.  375,  Springfield. 

| Cooks’  No.  266,  Kansas  City, 
i Cooks  and  Pastry  Cooks  No.  203,  St.  Louis. 

Coopers’  No.  3,  St.  Louis. 

! Electrical  Workers’  No.  40,  St.  Joseph. 

J Federal  Labor  Union  No.  6998,  Higginsville. 
j Federation  of  Labor,  Sedalia. 

! Garment  Workers’  No.  238,  St.  Louis, 
j Garment  Workers’  District  Council,  St.  Louis 
Glass  Bottle  Blowers’  No.  5,  St.  Louis. 

! Glass  Workers’  No.  20,  Kansas  City. 

■ Horseshoers’  No.  3,  St.  Louis. 

; Industrial  Council,  Kansas  City. 

Iron  Molders’  No.  10,  St.  Louis. 

; Iron  Molders’  No.  426,  St.  Louis. 

| Iron  Workers’  No.  296,  Springfield. 

| Leather  Workers’  No.  1,  Kansas  City. 

Leather  Workers’  No.  3,  St.  Joseph. 

Leather  Workers’  No.  30,  St.  Louis. 

Leather  Workers’  No.  70,  Springfield. 
Locomotive  Engineers’  No.  107,  St.  Joseph. 

1 Locomotive  Firemen  No.  54,  Moberly. 
j Machinists’JNo.  17,  Springfield. 

Machinists’  No.  71,  Sedalia. 

Machinists’  No.  232,  Joplin. 

Machinists’  No.  363,  Springfield. 

I Machinists’  No.  537,  Hannibal. 
i Mattress  Makers’  No.  128,  Kansas  City. 

I Metal  Polishers’  No.  13,  St.  Louis. 

! Metal  Polishers’  No.  137,  Hannibal. 

J Miners’  District  Council  No.  25,  Moberly. 
j Mine  Workers’  No.  65,  Keota. 

| Mine  Workers’  No.  104,  Camden, 
j Mine  Workers’  No.  149,  Moberly. 

I Mine  Workers’  No.  171,  Lexington. 

I Mine  Workers’  No.  177,  Marceline. 

{ Mine  Workers’  No.  258,  Danforth. 
j Mine  Workers’  No.  298,  Richmond. 

I Mine  Workers’  No.  313,  Yates. 

' Mine  Workers’  No.  377,  Higginsville. 


TWO  PROMINENT  MISSOURI  LABOR  LEADERS. 


II ON.  CHARLES  W.  FEAR. 

Editor  Missouri  Trades  Unionist;  Represen- 
tative-elect to  the  Forty-sixth  General  Assem- 
bly from  Jasper  County ; prominent  in  Labor 
circles  in  Joplin;  member  of  the  Labor  Legis- 
lative Committees  of  1907  and  1909. 


HON.  A US  TIN  W.  BIGGS  OF  ST.  LOUIS. 


A prominent  member  of  organized  labor  of 
Missouri.  He  was  Vice-President  of  the  1909 
Labor  Legislative  Committee  and  an  active 
member  of  the  Forty-third  and  Forty-fourth 
General  Assemblies. 


Missouri  Federation  of  Labor,  1910. 


21 


Mine  Workers’  No.  380,  Missouri  City. 

Mine  Workers’  No.  382,  Lingo. 

Mine  Workers’  No.  783,  Mendota. 

Mine  Workers’  No.  919,  Bevier. 

Mine  Workers’  No.  947,  Fleming. 

Mine  Workers’  No.  954,  Higbee. 

Mine  Workers’  No.  956,  Ardmore. 

Mine  Workers’  No.  958,  Black  Bird. 

Mine  Workers’  No.  1000,  Foster. 

Mine  Workers’  No.  1041,  Elliott. 

Mine  Workers’  No.  1067,  Dover. 

Mine  Workers’  No.  1071,  Brownington. 

Mine  Workers’  No.  1073,  Deepwater. 

Mine  Workers’  No.  1089,  Waverly. 

Mine  Workers’  No.  1135,  Huntsville. 

Mine  Workers’  No.  1182,  Zolia. 

Mine  Workers’  No.  1224,  Rich  Hill. 

Mine  Workers’  No.  1226,  Novinger. 

Mine  Workers’  No.  1400,  Corder. 

Mine  Workers’  No.  1442,  Novinger. 

Mine  Workers’  No.  1443,  Renick. 

Mine  Workers’  No.  1444,  Stahl. 

Mine  Workers’  No.  1472,  Napoleon. 

Mine  Workers’  No.  1827,  Lexington. 

Mine  Workers’  No.  1847,  Ninevah. 

Mine  Workers’  No.  1874,  Swanwick. 

Mine  Workers’  No.  1875,  Brookfield. 

Mine  Workers’  No.  1918,  Keota. 

Mine  Workers’  No.  1928,  Camden. 

Mine  Workers’  No.  1942,  Novinger. 

Mine  Workers’  No.  2108,  Vibbard. 

Mine  Workers’  No.  2124,  Fegley. 

Mine  Workers’  No.  2143,  Marceline. 

Mine  Workers’  No.  2159,  Moberly. 

Mine  Workers’  No.  2161,  Huntsville. 

Mine  Workers’  No.  2205,  Novinger. 

Mine  Workers’  No.  2616,  Windsor. 

Mine  Workers’  No.  2669,  Russell. 

Mine  Workers’  No.  2669,  Bowen. 

Mine  Workers’  No.  2686,  Kirksville. 

Mine  Workers’  No.  2687,  Bucklin. 

Mine  Workers’  No.  2744,  Keota. 

Mosaic  and  Terrazzi  Workers’  No.  10263,  St. 
Louis. 

Musicians’  No.  2,  St.  Louis. 

Musicians’  No.  22,  Sedalia. 

Musicians’  No.  34,  Kansas  City. 

Musicians’  No.  150,  Springfield. 

Painters’  No.  4,  Kansas  City. 

Painters’  No.  98,  St.  Joseph. 

Painters’  No.  126,  Joplin. 

Painters’  No.  298,  Hannibal. 

Painters’  No.  656,  Moberly. 

Painters’  No.  697,  Sedalia. 

Paperhangers’  No.  117,  Kansas  City. 

Photo  Engravers’  No.  10,  St.  Louis. 

Plasterers’  No.  313,  Moberly. 


Plumbers’  No.  8,  Kansas  City. 

Plumbers’  No.  35,  St.  Louis. 

Plumbers’  No.  45,  St.  Joseph. 

Plumbers’  No.  456,  Hannibal. 

Printing  Pressmen  and  Assistants  No.  184, 
Jefferson  City. 

Printing  Pressmen  No.  6,  St.  Louis. 

Printing  Pressmen  No.  16,  Kansas  City. 

Quarry  Workers’  No.  109,  Carthage. 

Railway  Telegraphers’  No.  2,  St.  Louis. 
Railway  Telegraphers’  No.  31,  St.  Louis. 

Retail  Clerks’  No.  80,  St.  Louis. 

Retail  Clerks’  No.  84,  St.  Louis. 

Retail  Clerks’  No.  90,  Sedalia. 

Retail  Clerks’  No.  271,  Hannibal. 

Retail  Clerks’  No.  369,  St.  Joseph. 

Sheet  Metal  Workers’  No.  247,  St.  Louis. 

Sheet  Metal  Workers’  No.  333,  Sedalia. 
Stationary  Firemen  No.  1,  Kansas  City. 
Stationary  Firemen  No.  6,  St.  Louis. 

Steam  Engineers’  No.  6,  Kansas  City. 

Steam  Engineers’  No.  120,  St.  Joseph. 

Steam  Engineers’  No.  335,  Hannibal. 

Steam  Fitters’  No.  29,  St.  Louis. 

Steam  Fitters’  Helpers’  No.  87,  St.  Louis. 
Stereotypers’  No.  6,  Kansas  City. 

Stone  Cutters’  Kansas  City. 

Stove  Mounters’  No.  15,  Hannibal. 

Street  Railway  Employes’  No.  326,  St.  Joseph. 
Tailors’  No.  6,  Sedalia. 

Tailors’  No.  64,  Kansas  City. 

Tailors’  No.  76,  Springfield. 

Teamsters’  No.  199,  Hannibal. 

Team  Drivers’  No.  1,  Kansas  City. 

Theatrical  Stage  Employes’  No.  6,  St.  Louis. 
Theatrical  Stage  Employes’  No.  31,  Kansas  City. 
Theatrical  Stage  Employes’  No.  43,  St.  Joseph. 
Theatrical  Stage  Employes’  No.  135,  Sedalia. 
Theatrical  Stage  Employes’  No.  137,  Springfield. 
Tobacco  Workers’  No.  1,  St.  Louis. 

; Trades  and  Labor  Assembly,  Hannibal. 

! Trades  and  Labor  Assembly,  Moberly. 

| Transfer  Wagon  Drivers’  No.  261,  Moberly. 
i Typographical  Union  No.  8,  St.  Louis. 
Typographical  Union  No.  40,  St.  Joseph. 
Typographical  Union  No.  80,  Kansas  City. 
Typographical  Union  No.  88,  Hannibal. 

( Typographical  Union  No.  119,  Jefferson  City. 

Typographical  Union  No.  206,  Sedalia. 

I Typographical  Union  No.  258,  Springfield. 

; Typographical  Union  No.  350,  Joplin. 

! Typographical  Union  No.  365,  Poplar  Bluff, 
i Union  Label  League,  Kansas  City. 

Upholsterers’  No.  21,  St.  Louis. 

Waiters’  No.  20,  St.  Louis. 

Women’s  Trade  Union  League,  St.  Louis. 


LETTER  FROM  HON.  OWEN  MILLER. 

The  following  letter,  addressed  to  the  Commissioner  of  the  Bureau 
Needed  of  Labor  Statistics,  prepared  by  Hon.  Owen  Miller  of  St.  Louis,  President 
Labor  of  the  Missouri  State  Federation  of  Labor,  gives  the  vital  points  along 
Legislation,  which  legislation  is  needed,  and  bills  covering  these  will  be  preferred 
measures  when  the  Labor  Legislative  Committee  appears  in  Jefferson 
City  early,  in  1911,  prepared  to  renew  its  struggle  to  secure  the  laws  organized  labor 
asks  for. 


22 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


PREFERRED  LEGISLATION,  1911. 


Office  of  the  Secretary,  American  Federation 

of  Musicians,  3535  Pine  street. 

St.  Louis,  Mo.,  Nov.  3,  1910. 
Hon.  J.  C.  A.  Hiller,  Labor  Commissioner,  Jef- 
ferson City,  Mo.: 

Dear  Sir — Last  year  I had  the  honor  of 
addressing  a communication  to  the  Labor 
Bureau  in  reference  to  contemplated  legisla- 
tion, but  as  the  Legislature  did  not  meet  since 
that  time,  it  would  be  perhaps  proper  to  again 
do  so  upon  the  same  subjects  or  some  that  may 
be  of  even  more  importance,  because  of  the  fact 
that  as  time  rolls  on,  changes  occur  to  which 
we  have  to  fit  ourselves. 

The  most  important  matter  that  will  come 
before  the  incoming  legislature  is  the  question 
of  convict  labor.  All  the  political  parties  in 
their  platforms  of  1908,  pledged  in  case  of 
success,  that  the  present  convict  labor  system 
in  the  State  of  Missouri  would  be  abolished. 
The  Democratic  party  proved  successful  in  so 
far  that  it  controlled  the  legislature  and  the 
prison  board.  The  prison  board  last  June 
renewed  the  contracts,  letting  out  the  prisoners 
at  seventy  cents  per  day  per  convict.  This  is 
somewhat  of  an  increase  over  previous  con- 
tracts, but  it  was  regretable  that  this  contract 
was  let  without  either  the  manufacturers  or 
the  labor  people  in  the  State  being  heard,  as  we 
would  undoubtedly  have  opposed  both  the 
price  and  the  time. 

NEW  YORK  LAW  PREFERRED. 

It  will  be  up  to  the  incoming  Legislature 
to  keep  the  pledges  made  by  the  political  par- 
ties in  1908,  and  I sincerely  hope  that  the 
Legislature  will  take  into  serious  consideration 
the  matter  of  handling  convicts  as  adopted  by 
the  State  of  New  York.  The  legislative  com- 
mittee of  the  State  Federation  of  Labor  will  be 
on  the  ground  and  will  no  doubt  press  the  pas- 
sage of  a law  similar  to  that  one,  and  any  as- 
sistance your  office  could  render  our  committee, 
would  undoubtedly  be  very  highly  appreciated. 

Another  very  important  matter  that  con- 
cerns the  labor  people  in  the  State  of  Missouri 
is  the  workingmens’  compensation  act.  Even 
the  most  unsympathetic  employer  acknowledges 
that  the  present  system  of  compensating  work- 
ingmen for  injuries  received  is  actually  brutal. 
The  difficulty  seems  to  be  to  pass  a law  which 
will  stand  the  test  of  the  courts.  I attended  a 
conference  of  some  of  the  leading  men  of  the 
country  interested  in  this  question,  in  the  City 
of  Washington  last  January.  Nearly  every 
state  in  the  Union  was  represented  and  the 
report  developed  that  quite  a number  of  states 
had  secured  legislation  on  this  line,  but  in- 
variably the  courts  would  declare  such  a law 
unconstitutional.  Therefore,  the  difficulty 
seems  to  be  to  draft  a measure  that  will  meet 
with  the  approval  of  the  courts.  Governor 
Hadley  has  been  very  seriously  impressed  with 
this  question,  and  has  agreed  to  form  a com- 
mission of  interested  citizens  upon  which  com- 
mission organized  labor  shall  be  represented, 
and  the  last  convention  of  the  Federation  of 


Labor,  at  the  suggestion  of  Gov.  Hadley,  picked 
out  ten  names  from  which  he  will  select  three 
to  serve  on  this  commission.  I sincerely  hope 
that  this  commission  will  be  speedily  formed, 
and  that  it  will  be  ready  to  report  a bill  to  the 
State  Legislature  before  adjournment  next 
winter.  Undoubtedly  your  office  with  all  of 
its  splendid  statistics  could  be  of  invaluable 
service  in  giving  this  commission  necessary 
information. 

PROTECT  WORKING  WOMEN. 

Another  matter  that  we  are  very  much 
interested  in,  is  what  is  known  as  woman’s 
fifty-four  hour  bill.  This  was  passed  by  the 
last  legislature  and  signed  by  the  Governor, 
but  when  an  attempt  was  made  to  enforce  it, 
it  was  found  that  on  its  way  through  the  State 
Senate,  an  amendment  had  been  juggled  on  to 
it  that  invalidated  the  bill.  This  was  a trick 
played  by  some  interested  parties,  and  was  not 
discovered  until  the  attempt  was  made  to  en- 
force it  as  a law.  This  bill  will  be  reintroduced 
and  will  be  very  carefully  watched  this  time 
so  as  to  prevent  chicanery  or  legislative  jugglery. 
Our  legislative  committee  will  see  to  it  that  this 
bill  is  introduced  and  will  watch  it  during  its 
progress  through  both  houses.  Undoubtedly 
your  office  can  assist  our  committee  in  taking 
care  of  this  very  necessary  bill.  Humane  em- 
ployers should  not  object  to  a bill  which  limits 
the  hours  of  females  to  fifty-four  per  week — in 
other  words  nine  hours  per  day.  Eight  hours 
is  plenty  and  there  should  be  no  objection  to  it, 
but  we  are  satisfied  if  we  get  nine  hours,  be- 
cause at  the  present  time  there  are  many  women, 
more  especially  in  the  most  laborious  occupa- 
tions like  laundries,  that  work  sometimes  six- 
teen hours  a day,  and  women  in  the  depart- 
ment stores  at  certain  times  a year  are  also 
very  much  overworked.  The  employers  can 
well  afford  to  hire  additional  help  on  these 
occasions.  It  is  almost  unbelievable  that  there 
were  certain  classes  of  employers  in  the  State  of 
Missouri  that  did  everything  in  their  power, 
even  resorting  to  trickery,  I might  say  almost 
forgery,  to  prevent  this  bill  from  becoming  a 
law,  but  there  are  such,  but  I believe  that  their 
numbers  are  rapidly  decreasing. 

CURB  POWER  OF  COURTS. 

Some  effort  should  be  made,  if  it  can  be 
done  constitutionally,  to  curb  the  power  of  our 
courts  in  the  matter  of  declaring  laws  uncon- 
stitutional, and  also  in  the  matter  of  granting 
injunctions.  Most  injunctions  are  granted 
without  giving  the  parties  interested  a hearing. 
Ninety-nine  times  out  of  a hundred,  or  say  in 
almost  every  case,  when  an  injunction  is  ap- 
plied for  against  a labor  organization  it  is  done 
for  no  other  purpose  than  to  prevent  the  or- 
ganization from  winning  its  strike  by  legal  pick- 
eting or  moral  suasion.  Although  violence  does 
often  occur  in  disputes,  it  is  in  nearly  every 
case,  brought  on  by  the  employers.  In  my 
estimation,  the  courts  of  this  country  have 
invaded  the  legislative  field  and  unless  some 


Letter  From  lion.  Owen  Miller. 


23 


method  is  found  to  keep  the  courts  within  the 
powers  intended  by  the  founders  of  the  con- 
stitution, I fear  for  the  future  liberties  of  the 
people.  The  injunction  evil  cries  aloud  for  a 
remedy.  It  is  an  extraordinary  fact  that  in- 
junctions are  very  rightly  used,  excepting  as 
applied  in  industrial  disputes,  and  judges  assume 
to  prevent  people  from  doing  things  that  they 
have  a perfect  right  to  do.  The  law  as  it  stands 
upon  the  statutes  is  sufficient  to  protect  any 
citizen  against  violation  or  any  invasion  of  his 
rights,  but  in  injunctions,  judges  frequently 
tell  those  to  whom  the  injunction  is  supposed 
to  apply  that  they  cannot  speak,  write,  meet, 
walk  the  streets,  subscribe  funds  or  donate 
food,  and  one  judge  even  went  so  far  as  to  en- 


join members  of  a miners  association  from  the 
use  of  the  mail.  If  workmen  as  a rule  would 
ignore  these  injunctions,  which  are  clearly 
illegal,  they  would  soon  die  through  innocuous 
desuetude. 

These  are  about  the  most  important  matters 
that  I can  call  to  mind  at  present.  If  we  suc- 
ceed in  getting  bills  through  on  these  lines,  and 
bills  that  are  really  effective,  we  will  have  ac- 
complished a great  deal  and  any  assistance 
that  the  Labor  Bureau  can  render  will  be  very 
gratefully  appreciated  by 
Yours  very  truly, 

OWEN  MILLER, 

President  Missouri  State  Federation  of 
Labor. 


LABOR  ORGANIZATION  STATISTICS. 


REPORT  OF  STATISTICIAN. 

During  the  Eighteenth  Annual  Convention  of  the  Missouri  State 
Office  of  Federation  of  Labor  at  Joplin  in  September,  1909,  the  official  posi- 
Statistician  tion  of  Statistician  of  the  organization  was  re-established.  J.  F. 
Created.  W.  Altheide,  a prominent  cigar  maker  of  St.  Louis,  was  honored 
with  the  appointment  and  authorized  to  gather  statistical  inform- 
ation for  1909-10  from  all  unions  affiliated  with  this  state  body.  He  found  the  work 
difficult  and  trying  because  secretaries  of  the  locals  were  slow  in  making  returns, 
and  a good  many  paid  no  attention  to  his  repeated  requests- for  facts  and  figures. 
On  the  returns  he  received  from  National  secretaries,  the  following  compilations 
for  Missouri  are  based: 


FOR  THE  FISCAL  YEAR 

Stone  Cutters. — 

Organization — Journeymen  Stone  Cutters. 

Membership  in  Missouri,  July  1,  1910 — 15,000 
male  members. 

Wages  per  hour,  1910 — 55  cents. 

Number  of  hours  constituting  a day’s  work 
—8 

Increase  in  state  membership  in  last  year — 
none. 

Amount  of  strike  benefit — $6  per  week. 

Amount  of  death  and  funeral  benefit — $100. 

Number  of  strikes  during  year — none. 

Report  made  by  James  F.  McHugh,  General 
Secretary-Treasurer,  520  Sixth  St.,  N.  W. 
Washington,  D.  C. 


Barbers. — 

Organization — Journeymen  Barbers. 
Membership  in  Missouri,  July  1,  1910 — 1,018 
male  members. 

Wages  are  established  locally. 

Increase  in  state  membership  during  year— 66. 
Legislation  wanted  by  craft — Sunday  closing. 
Weekly  sick  and  accident  benefits — $3. 
Death  and  funeral  benefit — $75  to  $500. 
Number  of  strikes  during  year — none. 

Report  made  by  Jacob  Fisher,  General 
Secretary-Treasurer,  222  East  Michigan  St., 
Indianapolis,  Ind. 


Sheet  Metal  Workers. — 

Organization — Amalgamated  Sheet  Metal 
Workers. 

Membership  in  Missouri,  July  1,  1910 — 700 
male  members. 

Standard  wages  per  hour — 50  cents. 

Number  hours  of  labor  per  day — 8. 

Weekly  sick  and  accident  benefit — none. 


ENDING  JULY  1,  1910. 

Weekly  strike  benefit — $5. 

Number  of  strikes  and  lockouts  during  the 
last  year — one,  which  was  compromised 
after  lasting  six  weeks.  It  was  caused  by 
a demand  for  an  increase  in  wages. 

Report  made  by  John  E.  Bray,  General 
Secretary-Treasurer,  325  Nelson  Building, 
Kansas  City  Mo. 


Foundry  Workers — 

Organization — Foundry  employes. 

Membership  in  Missouri  July  1,  1910 — 400 
males. 

Daily  wages  per  member — $1.75. 

Daily  hours  of  toil — 9 hours. 

Legisl&tion  which  is  wanted  by  craft — Sani- 
tary shop,  conditions  such  as  wash  rooms, 
a properly  managed  place  to  change  cloth- 
ing, lockers,  etc. 

Weekly  strike  benefit — $4. 

Weekly  sick  and  accident  benefit — $5.. 

Death  and  funeral  benefit — $50. 

Number  of  strikes  and  lockouts  during  the 
last  year — none. 

Report  made  by  George  Bechtold,  Secretary, 
200  South  Broadway,  St.  Louis. 


Leather  Workers. — 

Organization — United  Brotherhood  of  Leath- 
erworkers  on  horse  goods. 

Membership  in  Missouri,  July  1,  1910 — 350 
male  members. 

Weekly  wages — $15. 

Daily  hours — 10  hours  a day,  55  a week  in 
St.  Louis. 

Legislation  wanted  bv  the  craft — abolition 
of  contract  prison  shops  in  Jefferson  City. 

Weekly  strike  benefit — $5. 


24 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


Weekly  sick  and  accident  benefit — $5. 

Death  and  funeral  benefit — $40  to  $100. 

Number  of  strikes  during  year — one,  which 
was  for  eight  hours  work  a day  and  which 
was  lost. 

Report  made  by  John  J.  Pfeifer,  General 
Secretary-Treasurer,  1210  Postal  Bid., 
Kansas  City,  Mo. 


Stage  Employes. — 

Organization — Theatrical  Stage  employes. 

Membership  in  Missouri,  July  1,  1910 — 334 
male  members. 

Wages — 50  cents  an  hour;  $3.50  to  $5  per 
day;  $25  to  $35  per  week. 

There  was  an  increase  i,n  wages  of  12£  cents 
an  hour  over  previous  year. 

Daily  hours — 8. 

Strikes  and  lockouts  during  year — one — 
travelling  men  called  out  for  $17.50  per 
week,  which  point  they  gained. 

Report  made  by  L.  M.  Hart,  General  Secre- 
tary-Treasurer. 


Glass  Workers. — 

Organization — Amalgamated  glass  workers. 
Membership  in  Missouri,  July  1,  1910,  245 
male  members. 

Wages  per  hour — 37i  cents. 

Daily  hours  in  Kansas  City,  8;  St.  Louis  9. 
Weekly  strike  benefit — $5. 

Death  and  funeral  benefit — $75. 

Number  of  strikes  during  year — none. 

Report  made  by  Wm.  Figolah,  General 
Secretary,  418  N.  Clark  St.,  Chicago,  111. 


Bottle  Blowers. — 

Organization — Glass  bottle  blowers  associa- 
tion. 

Membership  in  Missouri,  July  1,  1910 — 225 
male  members. 

Wages — all  piece  workers.  From  $5.50  to 
$6.50  per  day. 

Daily  hours — 8£. 

Weekly  strike  benefit — $5  to  single  men,  $8 
to  married  men. 

Death  and  funeral  benefit — $500. 

Number  of  strikes  during  year — none. 

Report  made  by  Wm.  Lammer,  General 
Secretary,  930  Witherspoon  Bid.,  Phil- 
delphia,  Pa. 


Street  Railway  Workers. — 

Organization  — Amalgamated  association 
street  electric  railway  employes  of  America. 

Membership  in  Missouri,  July  1,  1910 — 218 
male  members. 

Wages — 20  to  24  cents  per  hour:  wages  were 
increased  from  one  to  two  cents  per  hour 
during  the  year. 

Legislation  which  is  wanted  by  craft — closed 
vestibule  during  winter  months. 

Weekly  strike  benefit — division  of  donations. 

Death  and  funeral  benefit — $50. 

Number  of  strikes  during  the  year — none. 

Report  made  by  W.  H.  Westfall,  Secretary, 
2109  Washington  Ave.,  St.  Joseph,  Mo. 


Lathers.— 

Organization — Wood,  wire  and  metal  lathers. 

International  Union  of  America. 
Membership  in  Missouri,  July  1,  1910 — 188 
male  members. 

Wages — 50  cents  per  hour. 

Number  of  hours  worked  per  day — 8. 

Death  and  funeral  benefit — $100. 

Report  made  by  Ralph  Brant,  General 
Secretary-Treasurer,  401  Superior  Bldg., 
Cleveland,  O. 


Photographic  Engravers. — 

Organization — International  Photograph  En- 
gravers. 

Membership  in  Missouri,  July  1,  1910 — 173 
male  members. 

Wages — $21  per  week. 

Number  of  hours  worked  per  day — 8. 
Weekly  strike  benefits — $7  to  single  men, 
$10  to  married  men. 

Death  and  funeral  benefit — $75. 


Number  of  strikes  during  year — one,  which 
strike,  after  lasting  two  days,  was  won;  a 
flat  scale  of  wages  was  achieved. 

Report  made  by  Lewis  A.  Schwarz,  Inter- 
national Secretary-Treasurer,  228  Apsley 
st.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


Tile  Layers. — 

Organization — International  union  of  tile 
layers  and  helpers. 

Membership  in  Missouri,  July  1,  1910 — 144 
male  members. 

Wages — $5  per  day  to  layers  and  $2.50  per 
day  to  helpers. 

Hours  of  work  per  day — 8. 

Legislation  wanted  by  craft — Compulsory 
sanitary  conditions  in  all  apartment  houses 
and  public  buildings. 

Weekly  strike  benefit — $7. 

Number  of  strikes  during  year — 5.  Lockouts 
one.  Four  of  these  strikes  were  won  and 
one  was  compromised.  This  disagreement 
was  over  a demand  for  “closed  shop”  and 
an  increase  in  wages.  All  points  gamed. 

Report  made  by  James  P.  Reynolds,  General 
Secretary-Treasurer,  Harmony,  Pa. 


Granite  Cutters. — 

Organization — Granite  cutters  international 
association. 

Membership  in  Missouri,  July  1,  1910 — 98 
male  members. 

Wages — $3.60  per  day;  $21.60  per  week;  $80 
per  month. 

Number  of  hours  worked  per  day — 8. 

Legislation  which  is  wanted  by  craft — 
Sanitary  inspection  of  work  shop,  includ- 
ing a solution  of  dust  problem;  compensa- 
tion for  injury  while  at  work;  that  in- 
junction shall  not  be  issued  against  organiz- 
ed working  men  in  connection  with  labor 
disputes. 

Weekly  strike  benefit — $7.50. 

Death  and  funeral  benefit — $50  to  $200. 

Number  of  strikes  during  year — none. 

Report  made  by  James  Duncan,  General 
Secretary,  Hancock  Bldg.,  Quincy,  Mass. 


Ship  Carpenters. — 

Organization — Shipwrights  and  caulkers. 
Membership  in  Missouri,  July  1,  1910 — 77 
male  members. 

Wages — $2.75  to  $3.50. 

Number  of  hours  work  per  day — 8. 

Death  and  funeral  benefit — $50  to  $100. 
Report  made  by  James  Deurett,  General 
Secretary-Treasurer,  108  Marshall  St., 
St.  Elizabeth,  Pa. 


Post  Office  Clerks. — 

Organization — National  Federation  of  Post 
Office  Clerks. 

Membership  in  Missouri,  July  1,  1910 — 75 
male  members.  There  is  only  one  union 
in  the  state,  which  is  Local  No.  8. 

Wages — fixed  by  United  States  Congress, 
$600  to  $1000  a year,  with  annual  increase 
of  $100. 

Number  of  hours  worked  per  day — average 

8£. 

Legislation  wanted  by  craft — An  eight  hour 
law  enacted  by  Congress. 

Number  of  strikes  during  the  year — 1908 — • 
none. 

Report  made  by  Gerhard!  W.  Kelsch,  Record- 
ing Secretary,  Local  No.  8,  3161  Portis 
Ave.,  St  .Louis,  Mo. 


Leather  Workers. — 

Organization — Travelers’  goods  and  leather 
novelties  workers. 

Membership  in  Missouri,  July  1,  1910 — 50 
male  members. 

Wages — $2.50  and  up. 

Number  of  hours  worked  per  day — 9. 

Death  and  funeral  benefits — $50. 

Number  of  strikes  during  year — none. 

Report  made  by  Lester  S.  Sheafer,  Third 
Vice-President,  1736  West  35th  St.,  Kansas 
City,  Mo. 


Report  of  Federation  Statistician , 1910. 


25 


Granite  Block  Cutters. — 

Organization — Paving  cutters. 

Membership  in  Missouri,  July  1,  1910 — 40 
male  members. 

Wages — piece  work — by  the  thousand. 

Number  of  hours  work  per  day — 9. 

Legislation  wanted  by  craft — a law  com- 
pelling cities  and  towns  to  pave  all  streets 
with  granite  and  stone  blocks. 

Weekly  strike  benefits — $6. 

Death  and  funeral  benefits — $100. 

Number  of  strikes  during  year — one,  which 
strike  was  won  after  a duration  of  11  days, 
with  recognition  of  union  and  a pay  day 
every  two  weeks  as  the  essential  points. 
This  organization  wants  the  cities  and 
towns  to  buy  their  paving  blocks  from 
quarries  in  Missouri. 

Report  made  by  John  Sheret,  Secretary, 
Box  27,  Albion,  N.  Y. 


Tobacco  Workers. — 

Organization — Tobacco  Workers  Internation- 
al union. 

Membership  in  Missouri,  July  1,  1910 — 25 
male  and  42  female  members. 

Wages — 18  cents  per  hour. 

Number  of  hours  worked  per  day — 9. 

Legislation  wanted  by  craft — rigid  enforce- 
ment of  anti-trust  law;  statute  which  will 
prohibit  any  corporation  from  capitalizing 
for  $10,000,000  or  over. 

Weekly  strike  benefit — $6. 

Weekly  sick  or  accident  benefit — $3. 

Death  and  funeral  benefit — $50. 

Report  made  by  E.  Lewis  Evans,  Secretary- 
Treasurer,  50  American  National  Bank 
Bldg.,  Louisville,  Ky. 


Stove  Mounters. — 

Organization — Stove  mounters  and  steel 
range  workers,  15. 


Membership  in  Missouri,  July  1,  1910 — 18 
male  members. 

Wages — 30  cents  per  hour;  $2.70  per  day; 
$16.20  per  week. 

Number  of  hours  of  work  per  day — 9. 
Legislation  wanted  by  craft— rigid  factory 
inspection. 

Weekly  strike  benefit — $50. 

Death  and  funeral — $100. 

Report  made  by  R.  B.  Leeds,  319  N.  8tli  St. , 
Hannibal,  Mo. 


Saw  Smiths. — 

Organization — Sawsmiths  Union. 

Membership  in  Missouri,  July  1,  1910 — 16 
male  members. 

Wages — 33 £ to  50  cents  per  hour,  $15  per 
week. 

Number  of  hours  of  working  per  day — 9. 

Legislation  which  is  wanted  by  craft — All 
that  will  benefit  labor  organization  in 
general. 


Dies  Cutters. — 

Organization — Cutting  dies  and  cutter  makers 
International  Union. 

Membership  in  Missouri,  July  1,  1910 — 11 
male  members. 

Wages — $18  per  week;  an  increase  of  20  per 
cent  over  1909. 

Number  of  hours  work  per  day;  50  hours  a 
week;  divided  to  suit  the  shop. 

Increase  in  membership  during  the  year,  25, 
due  to  organization. 

Weekly  strike  benefit — full  weekly  pay. 

Sick  and  accident  benefits — provided  for 
by  locals. 

Death  and  funeral  benefits — $75. 

Number  of  strikes  during  year — none. 

Report  made  by  Harry  Reiser,  Secretary- 
Treasurer,  212  Sixth  Ave.,  New  York  City. 


Many  Failed  to  Report. 

While  there  are  many  more  National  and  International  bodies  with  locals  in 
Missouri,  their  secretaries  failed  to  report  to  Statistican  Altheide  of  the  Missouri  Fed- 
eration. Information  covering  these  missing  unions  will  however  be  found  in  the 
tables  of  the  Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics  which  follow  further  on. 


BENEFITS  OF  ORGANIZATION. 

BY  J.  F.  W.  ALTHEIDE,  OFFICIAL  STATISTICIAN,  1909-10,  MISSOURI  STATE 
FEDERATION  OF  LABOR. 


It  would  seem  almost  superfluous  in  this 
age  of  organization,  to  dwell  at  any  great 
length  upon  the  necessity  of  workingmen  and 
women  forming  trades  unions  fqr  the  purpose 
of  improving  their  social  and  industrial  con- 
ditions. 

Yet,  when  we  look  around  us,  we  see 
countless  thousands,  working  from  12  to  16 
hours  each  day,  for  very  small  wages,  in  un- 
sanitary work  shops,  living  in  mere  hovels, 
with  poverty,  disease,  crime  and  immorality 
about  them;  with  no  ambition  for  the  present, 
no  hope  for  the  future;  leading  lives  which  are 
dark  and  dreary  to  themselves  and  families, 
their  community  and  State;  combating  with 
one  another  to  earn  a daily  pittance,  and  ul- 
timately being  dashed  against  the  rock  of  com- 
petition; all  this  the  result  of  individual  bar- 
gaining. 

All  such  individuals  should  be  within  the 
ranks  of  labor  organizations,  each  of  which 


bodies  has  a fundamental  reason  and  a principal 
for  its  existence.  By  collective  bargaining, 
whereby  union  men  can  agree  upon  a collective 
contract  with  employers,  and  stand  shoulder 
to  shoulder  making  the  interest  of  one  the  con- 
cern of  all,  then,  and  only  then,  will  all  receive 
a just  share  of  their  products  in  commensura- 
tion  with  twentieth  century  civilization,  and 
all  escape  the  consequences  of  the  disastrous 
individualism  already  mentioned. 

While  the  merchants,  manufacturers,  rail- 
roads and  farmers  are  organizing  all  around  for 
the  purpose  of  getting  a larger  and  larger  share 
of  the  products  of  labor,  by  decreasing  the  wages 
of  the  toiler,  lengthening  their  daily  hours,  and 
by  advancing  prices  on  the  commodities  of 
life;  the  workers  themselves  stand  idly  by, 
heeding  not  their  own  deplorable  condition 
and  making  no  effort  to  combine  their  interests 
against  this  other  organized  force. 

The  rights  of  labor  to  organize  have  been 


26 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


upheld  by  the  fcourts,  and  so  have  their  labels 
and  trademarks.  Their  organizations  meet 
with  the  approbation  of  the  ablest  thinkers, 
and  are  here  to  stay. 

No  members  of  society  make  better,  truer 
and  more  enlightened  citizens  than  the  much 
maligned,  villified,  misrepresented  and  mis- 
understood members  of  organized  labor  of  this 
country.  There  is  no  class  of  humanity  in 
the  land  which  has  a higher  standard  of  morality 
than  organized  labor.  There  is  no  power  in 
this  country  which  is  more  influential  than 
organized  labor,  in  making  this  a better,  happier 
and  more  prosperous  land  to  live  in. 

Fully  realizing  that  to  preach  morality, 
citizenship  and  other  similar  traits  to  anyone 
who,  through  a life  of  drudgery  has  been  bereft 
of  all  hope  and  ambition,  is  a useless  waste  of 
time,  hence  it  behooves  us  first  to  help  them 
out  of  their  stupor,  by  securing  better  wages, 
better  working  conditions,  better  homes  and 
better  surroundings.  When  they  are  made  to 
feel  that  they  are  a part  of  our  community  and 
State,  and  as  such,  to  realize  that  it  is  their 
duty  and  privilege  to  participate  in  the  struggles 
of  the  day,  then  they  will  begin  to  appreciate 
the  beauties  of  our  trade  organizations. 

Trades  organizations  should  be  formed  and 
conducted  on  business  principles  and  officered 
by  honest,  able  and  competent  officials.  A 
proper  constitution  and  by  laws  should  be 
drafted  for  each.  Rates  of  wages  and  working 
conditions  should  be  agreed  upon.  There 
should  be  a very  nominal  initiation  fee.  Pro- 
visions must  be  made  for  the  payment  of  a 
benefit  to  those  who  are  unable  to  work  owing 
to  sickness  and  accident;  to  those  unable  to 
secure  employment;  and  those  who  are  thrown 
out  of  employment  for  resisting  a reduction  in 
wages,  or  for  asking  for  a better  condition  and 
time.  A graduated  death  benefit,  depending 
upon  the  period  of  membership,  payable  to 
those  whom  they  have  solemnly  sworn  to  pro- 
tect, ought  to  be  provided  for. 

An  organization  formed  on  these  prin- 
ciples will  rebound  to  the  credit  of  all.  It  will 


represent  what  its  members  really  are.  It  will 
be  as  broad  as  they  are,  if  the  members  are 
intelligent,  capable  and  otherwise  properly 
qualified  to  get  together  for  mutual  protection. 
If  on  the  other  hand  the  members  are  narrow- 
minded, such  an  organization  will  then  be  in 
keeping  with  this  lack  of  proper  fitness. 

If  the  members  are  progressive,  then  in 
time  the  organization  will  attain  a large  mem- 
bership, be  active  and  fully  able  to  cope 
with  all  public  problems.  Under  the  latter 
condition  their  families  will  appreciate  their 
companionship;  the  community  will  feel  and 
appreciate  their  worth,  and  political  circles  will 
quickly  observe  and  realize  their  strength  and 
influence. 

In  almost  every  community  there  is  a grow- 
ing feeling  of  friendliness  toward  organized 
labor,  and  underlying  it,  among  the  more  in- 
telligent people,  is  the  knowledge  and  convic- 
tion that  the  prosperity  of  the  wage  worker 
means  the  prosperity  of  the  country. 

If  monuments  were  erected  in  commemo- 
ration of  achievements,  labor  would  receive 
the  grandest.  Too  high  a tribute  can  not  be 
paid  labor.  From  the  plains  and  the  moun- 
tains, from  forests  and  waters,  labor  has  pro- 
duced the  wonders  beheld  by  man,  which  stand 
for  the  genius  of  brains.  Labor  is  the  creative 
force  of  the  world.  The  brawn  of  man  paves 
the  way  to  progress. 

Without  using  platitudes,  or  making  fur- 
ther declarations  of  principles,  the  labor  move- 
ment offers  the  only  avenue  by  which  the 
toiler  may  gain  a fair  share  of  what  he  produces. 
If  past  achievements  of  organized  workers 
left  impressions  on  time,  then  their  present 
activities  will  make  another  epoch  in  the  his- 
tory of  this  country. 

The  labor  movement  grows  despite  the 
po\ver  of  the  opposition,  much  to  the  surprise 
of  those  who  under  the  cloak  of  friendship,  are 
untiring  in  their  efforts  to  disrupt  it.  But  regard- 
less of  these  methods  and  this  treachery  the 
movement  succeeds. 

J.  F.  W.  ALTHEIDE. 


PRINTING  TRADES. 

The  printing  trades  are  strongly  and  well  organized  in  Missouri.  Especially 
does  this  assertion  apply  to  St.  Louis,  Kansas  City,  St.  Joseph,  Springfield,  Joplin, 
Sedalia,  Jefferson  City,  Columbia,  Carthage,  Hannibal,  Webb  City,  Moberly,  Poplar 
Bluff  and  one  or  two  other  places.  In  St  Louis  will  be  found  unions  of  pressmen, 
pressfeeders,  compositors  and  mailers,  each  one  of  these  calling  having  one  or  two 
locals  and  each  affiliated  with  the  national  body  of  their  craft,  the  Missouri  State 
Federation  of  Labor  and  also  the  American  Federation  of  Labor,  through  the  State 
organization. 

The  different  crafts  in  book  binderies  are  thoroughly  organized.  All  litho- 
graphers, engravers,  stereotypers  and  electrotypers  have  their  unions  and  enjoy  all 
advantages  of  being  thus  protected.  Newspaper  carriers  of  St.  Louis  have  a local 
of  40  members  and  a strennous  effort  is  being  made  to  gather  in  all  who  are  still 
working  outside  of  this  union. 


Missouri  Labor  Lore. 


27 


PRESIDENTS  AND  SECRETARIES. 


The  1910  presidents  and  secretaries 
printing  trades  of  the  state  are  as  follows: 

ST.  LOUIS— 

Pressmen  No.  2 — President,  Daniel  H. 
Pfister,  4964  Alsace  street;  Secretary,  Henry 
Grob,  4026  Maffitt  avenue. 

Pressmen  No.  6 — President,  F.  G.  Suerig, 
4315  Kossuth  avenue;  Secreatry,  J.  P.  Fro- 
miller,  5127  Vermont  avenue. 

Pressfeeders  No.  43 — Secretary,  E.  J.  Suden,  ! 
210  Olive  St. 

Typographia  No.  3 — President,  Herman  i 
Halter,  4629  Loughborough  avenue;  Secretary, 
George  J.  Schmith,  3837a  McRea  avenue. 

Mailers  No.  3 — President,  J.  J.  Mulcahy,  | 
4860  Maffitt  avenue;  Secretary,  J.  F Cruegge-  i 
man,  3948  Cottage  avenue. 

Typographia  N o.  8 — President , Charles  Her-  ; 
tenstein,  810  Olive  street;  Secretary,  Harry  S. 
Sharpe,  room  408,  810  Olive  street. 

KANSAS  CITY— 

Pressmen  No.  14 — President,  John  Hawley,  | 
912  Highland  avenue;  E.  M.  Lawler,  2536  Bell-  I 
fontaine.  ' 

Similar  information  for  the  printing- 
towns  will  be  found  further  along  in  this  cl 


and  their  addresses,  of  some  of  the 


Pressmen  No.  16 — President,  F.  Wridinger, 
2324  Holmes  street;  Secretary,  John  Miller, 
Labor  Temple. 

Pressfeeders  No.  20 — President,  L.  S. 
Armthe,  1322  Haskell  street;  Secretary,  Amos 
Hartman,  Labor  Temple. 

Typographia  No.  80 — President,  Ford  A. 
Allen,  Kansas  City  Star;  Secretary,  A.  A.  Duke, 
303  Nelson  building. 

Stereotypers  No.  6 — President,  F.  A.  Swear  - 
inger,  4415  Forest;  Secretary,  O.  M.  Farland, 
*oth  and  Summit. 

ST.  JOSEPH— 

Typographia  No.  40 — President,  Burt  O. 
Burnham,  2317  Syl vania;  Secretary,  George  W. 
Vaughn,  2105  Lafayette. , 

Pressmen  No.  15 — President,  D.  I.  Ogden, 
2101  Edmonds;  Secretary,  C.  R.  Stewart,  1823 
Jules  street. 

Pressmen's  Assistants  No.  10 — President, 
H.  Kekar,  1403  Penn  street;  Secretary,  J.  F. 
White,  2911  Edmond  Street. 

trades  locals  of  other  Missouri  cities  and 


LABOR  LORE. 

There  are  several  labor  organizations  in  Missouri  which  have  been 
Oldest  in  existance  over  fifty  years,  which  is  a long  period  for  a body  of 
Organization,  this  land  to  last,  considering  that  every  year  or  two  new  machinery 
is  brought  into  use  which  makes  radical  changes  in  the  style  of  the 
work  and  the  conditions.  It  appears  that  the  oldest  still  existing  local  of  Missouri 
is  St.  Louis  branch,  Stone  Cutters,  I.  S.  C.  U.  of  N.  A.,  which  was  organized  in  1853 
and  at  the  commencement  of  1910  had  passed  through  57  more  or  less  prosperous 
years.  Its  present  membership  is  277,  which  is  a gain  of  50  for  1909  over  1908 
The  trade  reports  a 100  per  cent,  organization  for  1909,  which  condition  means  that 
all  working  stone  cutters  in  St.  Louis  are  members  of  some  union.  The  pay  was 
56^-  cents  an  hour  on  January  1,  1910. 

Not  far  behind  in  years  is  Typographical  No.  8 of  St.  Louis,  one  of  the  largest 
and  most  influential  unions  of  the  state.*  It  was  organized  in  1856,  and  is,  therefore, 
now  in  its  54th  year.  It  reports  75  per  cent,  of  organization  for  the  kind  of  printing 
it  covers.  Eight  hours  constitutes  a day  of  work. 

Typographia  No.  3 of  St.  Louis  has  been  in  existance  since  1873.  It  reports 
an  organization,  in  its  field,  of  90  per  cent.  Other  old  locals  in  St.  Louis  with  the 
year  of  their  organization,  are:  Stove  Moulders,  No.  10,  1859;  Iron  Moulders,  No. 
59,  1860;  Carondelet  Division,  No.  42,  Locomotive  Engineers,  1862;  St.  Louis  Divi- 
sion, No.  48,  Locomotive  Engineers,  1863;  Tailors,  No.  11,  1863;  Wood-workers 
Local  No.  2,  1872;  Bricklayers,  No.  1,  1864;  Bricklayers,  No.  3,  1872;  Carpenters 
Branch,  No.  806,  1870;  Cigar  makers,  No.  44,  1877;  Glass  Blowrers,  No.  5,  1875;  Hod 
Carriers,  No.  1,  1867,  and  Horseshoers,  No.  3,  1865. 


28 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


Kansas  City  Organizations. 

The  oldest  still  existing  union  in  Kansas  City  is  Typographical, 
Other  old  No.  80,  organized  in  1865,  which  has  held  its  own  there  ever  since. 

Strong  Unions.The  cigarmakers  seem  to  have  gotten  togather  and  commenced 
their  organization  in  1867.  Anyhow,  Local  No.  102  reports  having 
organized  in  that  year.  Horseshoers  Local,  No.  18,  was  chartered  in  1874.  All 
other  unions  give  a more  recent  year  for  their  formation. 

For  St.  Joseph  the  printing  fraternity  also  has  the  honor  of  first  organizing. 
Typographia  No.  40  was  drafted  in  1859,  which  is  a year  over  a half  a century  ago. 
Some  railway  engineers  in  1869  formed  Division  107,  B.  of  L.  E.,  and  it  still  flourishes, 
having  at  the  commencement  of  1910  after  41  years  of  existance  167  members  with 
“90  per  cent,  of  the  craft  organized  for  St.  Joseph.”  All  other  existing  locals  were 
organized  since  1880,  excepting  Cigar  Makers,  No.  95,  the  members  of  which  agreed 
to  work  together  in  1879. 

Out  in  the  state  there  are  several  still  existing  “old-time”  unions,  organized 
prior  to  1870,  which  makes  them  belong  to  the  preceding  generation.  Graniteville, 
way  down  in  Iron  county,  has  one.  It  was  made  up  of  granite- cutters,  and  was 
formed  in  1877. 

Highest  Hourly  Pay. 

For  strictly  manual  work  the  plasterers  of  St.  Louis  and  Kansas  City  are  among 
the  best  paid  mechanics  of  Missouri.  While  some  superintendents  and  foremen 
drew  more,  the  regular  scale,  in  1910,  as  well  as  in  1909,  was  75  cents  per  hour  for 
journeymen,  and  the  time,  eight  hours  per  day.  Those  of  St.  Joseph  are  paid  70 
cents  per  hour.  Bricklayers  in  St.  Louis  and  Kansas  City  draw  70  cents  an  hour 
and  in  St.  Joseph  75  cents.  Steamfitters  are  paid  68f  cents  an  hour  in  St.  Louis 
and  62A-  cents  an  hour  in  Kansas  City.  Next  in  order  comes  plumbers  with  a 
scale  of  66£  cents  an  hour  in  St.  Louis,  50  cents  an  hour  in  Kansas  City,  and  62^- 
cents  an  hour  in  St.  Joseph. 

St.  Louis  Wages. — Other  crafts  in  St.  Louis,  which  have  a scale  of  over  60  cents 
an  hour  are:  hoisting  engineers,  62£  cents;  lathers,  62^  cents;  iron  workers 
62£  cents;  painters,  62  £ cents;  pipe  coverers,  62^  cents;  printers — German, 
night  shift,  60  cents  per  hour  and  day  shift  52  cents;  roofers,  62 £ cents  and  55 
cents;  stone  cutters,  56 J cents;  stone  pavers,  50  cents;  tuck  pointers,  60  cents. 

Kansas  City  Wages. — Besides  the  crafts  already  mentioned  for  this  city  as 
enjoying  high  wages,  there  are  several  others  with  members  drawing  over  50  cents 
an  hour:  marble  workers,  62£  and  50  cents;  typesetters,  56  cents  for  newspaper 
men  and  38  cents  for  job  printers;  painters,  50  cents;  stone  cutter,  50  cents;  stone 
masons,  60  cents;  cement  workers,  50  cents;  engineers,  50  cents;  electrical  workers 
50  cents,  and  fixture  hangers,  50  cents. 

St.  Joseph  Wages. — Carpenters,  metal  workers  and  painters  and  paper  hangers 
are  paid  45  cents  an  hour;  plumbers,  $5  a day;  coopers,  $18  per  week;  electrical 
workers,  $16.50  per  week;  lathers,  $24  per  week;  printers,  $18  to  $21  per  week;  retail 
clerks,  $15  per  week  and  stage  employes,  $22.50  per  week. 

Comparison  of  Wages. 

In  the  following  table  will  be  found  the  hourly  pay  of  union  men  who  drew 
more  than  50  cents  per  hour  in  St.  Louis.  The  pay  of  the  same  craft  in  Kansas 
City,  St.  Joseph,  Joplin,  Springfield,  Sedalia,  Hannibal,  Moberly  and  Jefferson  City, 
is  given  for  comparative  purposes.  For  many  lines  it  will  be  found  that  there  is  a 
difference  for  each  city.  In  comparing  it  must  be  remembered  that  the  smaller  the 
city  the  lower  the  house  rents  and  other  living  expenses  are.  Excepting  Jefferson  City, 
food  is  cheaper  in  smaller  places  than  it  is  in  St.  Louis  or  Kansas  City  and  there  is 
no  street  car  fare  to  pay. 


Scale  of  Wages,  1909-10, 


29 


UNION  SCALE  OF  WAGES. 

1909-10. 

TABLE  I— PAY 


r ST.  LOUIS,  SPRINGFIELD, 
l KANSAS  CITY,  JEFFERSON  CITY, 

J ST.  JOSEPH,  HANNIBAL, 

1 JOPLIN.  MOBERLY. 

[ SEDALIA,  CAPE  GIRARDEAU. 

THE  HOUR. 


Crafts  are  only  considered  with  a schedule  of  50  cents  an  hour  or  over  for  St.  Louis. 


Occupation. 

St.  Louis 

Kansas  City . . . 

St.  Joseph 

Joplin 

Sedalia 

Springfield  .... 

Jefferson  City. . 

Hannibal 

Moberly 

Cape  Girardeau 

Bricklayers 

S . 70 
.60 
.55 
.60 
.50 
.65 
.62* 
.50 
.62* 
.60 
.62* 
.56* 

.56* 

.62* 

.60 

.62* 

8.70 

.45 

8.75 

.45 

8.62* 

.45 

8.62* 

.33* 

8.65 

.40 

8.62* 

.40 

■;27* 

Carpenters 

.30 

.40 

.40 

Cement  workers 

.50 

Coopers 

.30 
• 34| 
.25 

Electrical  workers 

.50 

.50 

.45 

.20 

.29 

.37* 

.28 

Engineers,  hoisting 

Granite  cutters 

Iron  workers 

.56* 
.46* 
.56* 
/ -62* 
1 .50 
.45 
.50 
.45 

.45 

.33* 

.33* 

.36 

.36 

.33 

.44* 

.38 

.36 

Lathers 

.50 

Marble  workers 

Metal  workers 

.45 

.45 

.45 

.37* 

.27* 

.314 

Painters 

.29" 

.35 

.37* 

.35 

.50 

.50 

Paper  hangers  

.45 

Pipe  coverers 

6?+ 

Plasterers 

.75" 

.66* 

.38 

.52 

.60 

.62* 

.55 

,68f 

.56* 

.50 

.65 

.60 

.60 

.75 

.50 

.70 

62* 

.56* 

43* 

.62* 

Plumbers 

Printers 

.37* 

.31* 

43* 

.46 

.37* 

.31* 

.28* 

.374 

.43* 

** 

.56 

43^ 

Roofers 

Steamfitters 

.62* 

.50 

.43* 

Stone  cutters 

.56* 

.56* 

Stone  pavers 

Stone  masons 

.60 

V 

Tuck  pointers 

UNION  SCALE  OF  WAGES— Continued. 

1909-10. 

Table  II — Daily  pay  of  crafts  paid  by  the  day  and  earning  $4  a day  or  over  in  St.  Louis.  Scale 

for  other  cities. 


Occupation. 

St.  Louis 

Kansas  City . . . 

J St.  Joseph 

Ci 

o 

•d 

5' 

Sedalia 

Springfield  .... 

Jefferson  City. . 

I Hannibal 

g 

0 
c r 

CD 

M 

) Cape  Girardeau 

Elevator  constructors . . 
Glass  blowers 

85.00 

5.00 

4.00 
4.50 
5.30 

4 87-1- 

83.60 

8.50 

4.50 



Iron  workers 

3.33 

! 

Plasterers’  helpers 

Plumbers . . 

4.00 

85.00 

83.50 

Railway  engineers 

6.00 

3.00 

5.00 

84.80 

85.00 

84 . 75l 

1 

85.00 

84.70 

Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


HO 


UNION  SCALE  OP  WAGES— Continued. 

1909-10. 

Table  III. — Weekly  pay  of  crafts  paid  by  the  week  and  earning  $20  a week  or  over  in  St.  Louis. 


Occupation. 

St.  Louis 

Kansas  City . . . 

SI.  Joseph 

Joplin 

Sedalia 

Springfield  .... 

Jefferson  City . . 

Hannibal 

Moberly 

Cape  Girardeau 

Book  finishers 

$20.00 

30.00 

23.00 

25.00 

20.00 

27.00 

20.00 
20.00 
20.00 
21.00 
20.00 

1 

SI  S . 00  £17. 50 

! 

Brewery  firemen 

15.00 

24.00 

12.00 
18.00 

15.00 

15.00 

Brewery  engineers 

Cooks 

Garment  cutters 

« 14.40 

Garment  designers 

Glass  workers 

18.00 

15.00 

Leather  workers 

19.50 

Moving  picture  operators 
Photo  engravers 

20.00 

Saw  smiths 

Stage  employes 

19.20  22.50 

18.00 

15.40 

MUSICIANS  MUTUAL  BENEVOLENT  ASSOCIATIONS. 

Organized  Musicians  of  Missouri  receive  the  highest  pay  per  hour  of 
Highest  all  bodies  which  made  reports  for  the  year  1909,  but  this  is  no  more 

Paid.  than  ought  to  be  the  case,  as  the  majority  of  this  calling  are  not  given 
an  opportunity  to  put  in  much  time  in  course  of  a week,  and  it  re- 
quires a higher  intellect,  a vast  knowledge  of  music  and  years  of  study  and  practice 
for  a man  or  woman  to  reach  the  standard  this  order  exacts  of  its  members.  Of 
course  there  is  a uniform  scale  for  musicians  who  are  employed  regularly  in  theatres, 
cafes  and  similar  places,  but  for  those  who  only  work  occasionally  the  pay  is  $2.50 
for  the  first  hour,  $1  each  for  the  second  and  third  hour,  and  50  cents  for  each  ad- 
ditional hour. 

In  St.  Louis,  Local  No.  2 of  the  Musicians  Mutual  Benevolent  Association  had 
a total  membership  of  836  on  July  1,  1910,  and  had  in  its  treasury  $4,405.  The 
headquarters  were  at  3535  Pine  St.,  a picture  of  which  roomy  and  well  built  structure 
is  reproduced  elsewhere  together  with  views  of  the  interior.  It  is  the  famous  Asch- 
enbroedel  hall.  The  Central  Trades  and  Labor  Assembly  meets  here  every  Sunday. 
Other  organizations  also  meet  in  this  building. 

The  1910  President  of  Local  No.  2,  M.  M.  B.  A.  is  Hon.  Owen  Miller.  He  has 
held  that  position  fourteen  other  years  dating  from  1886.  D.  V.  Howell  is  Secretary. 
It  is  the  ninth  year  he  has  been  thus  honored.  Other  presidents  in  the  past  have  been 
William  E.  Leeder,  Otto  Ostendorf,  I.  L.  Schoen,  B.  F.  Sellers,  Frederick  Schillinger 
and  Frank  Geeks,  Sr.  Other  secretaries  of  past  wears  were:  B.  F.  Sellers,  Harry 
Sycamore,  Joseph  Rugraff,  Louis  Knittel,  Dexter  Stocking,  Tom  Joell,  Martin  E. 
Sauer,  Adolph  Kolb,  August  Genthert.  This  local  was  founded  September  13,  1885 
The  temporary  officers  of  the  organization  were  Owen  Miller,  Chairman;  August 
Genthert,  Secretary;  Charles  Bauer,  Treasurer.  They  were  made  permanent  officers 
in  October  of  that  year.  In  March,  1886,  Frank  Geeks,  Sr.  was  made  President  and 
Adolph  Kolb  and  Ed.  Lebrun,  Secretaries.  A futher  history  of  this  local,  in  its  early 
days,  and  some  recent  happenings,  taken  from  the  souvenir  issued  in  September, 
1910,  in  honor  of  the  twenty-fifth  anniversary  of  the  founding  of  the  local,  follows: 


Musicians  of  Missouri , 1909-10. 


31 


HISTORY  OF  THE  MUSICIANS’  MUTUAL  BENEVOLENT  ASSOCIATION. 
St.  Louis  Local  No.  2. 


Twenty-five  years  ago  the  musical  situ- 
ation in  St.  Louis  was  anything  but  encouraging. 
Every  musician  in  the  city  recognized  that 
something  ought  to  be  done  to  better  conditions, 
but  just  what  none  seemed  to  know.  Previous 
experience  had  made  the  idea  of  forming  a pro- 
tective union  apparently  impossible,  but  the 
idea  that  something  should  be  done  was  gen- 
erally prevalent.  An  informal  meeting  of  five 
musicians  was  held  and  the  question  discussed. 
It  was  finally  decided  that  each  subscribe  five 
cents  and  this  sum,  25  cents,  be  used  in  sending 
invitations  to  twenty-five  musicians  agreed 
upon,  to  attend  a meeting  to  be  held  in  Druid’s 
Hall.  This  invitation  resulted  in  bringing 
seven  together,  who  repeated  the  action  of  the 
former  meeting,  which  brought  ten  musicians 
together,  namely,  Adolph  Kolb,  Chas.  Maurer, 
Henry  Miller,  Henry  Schrader,  Chas.  Bauer, 
Edmund  Burlis,  Moritz  Waechtler,  Jno.  Knit- 
tel,  Frank  Cibulka  and  Owen  Miller. 

This  meeting  was  held  Friday,  September 
10,  1885,  at  Druid’s  Hall.  Much  discussion 
was  indulged  in,  which  finally  resulted  in  re- 
peating the  action  taken  at  the  former  meet- 
ings, each  again  subscribing  five  cents  for  the 
purchase  of  fifty  postal  cards. 

This  resulted  in  bringing  together  on  Sep- 
tember 13,  1885,  quite  a gathering.  After  con- 
siderable informal  discussion,  Owen  Miller  was 
chosen  temporary  chairman,  August  Genthert, 
secretary,  and  Chas.  Bauer,  treasurer.  A short 
agreement  was  drawn  up  and  those  present 
invited  to  affix  their  signatures.  No  one  came 
forward,  and  it  looked  as  if  the  organization 
would  die  a horning.  Finally  Frank  Geeks,  Jr., 
stepped  forward  and  headed  the  list.  Twenty- 
six  of  those  present  signed  in  the  order  named, 
as  follows: 


FIRST  SIGNERS. 


Frank  Geeks,  Jr. 
Chas.  Maurer. 

A.  Kolb. 

Tom  Joell. 

Louis  Knittel. 

Wm.  Ludwig. 

Louis  Meyer,  Flute. 
Henry  Schrader. 
Owen  Miller. 

Aug.  Washausen. 
John  Klein. 

John  Knittel. 

Albin  Haenel. 


Frank  W.  Cibulka. 
Gus.  A.  Menger. 

Fritz  Henk. 

M.  Kaeppel. 

Charles  Bauer. 

August  Genthert. 
Edmund  Burlis. 

John  J.  Grunz. 
Clemens  Strassberger. 
Wm.  Albers. 

W.  Hruby. 

Henry  Miller. 

Wm.  Becker. 


LOW  INITIATION  FEE. 

The  initiation  fee  was  fixed  at  fifty  cents. 
A committee  of  five  was  appointed  to  draft  a 
constitution  and  by-laws,  and  report  at  a sub- 
sequent meeting.  If  any  one  had  any  idea  of 
forming  a protective  union,  they  failed  to  make 
it  known.  So  well  was  this  understood,  that 


the  committee  drafted  a perfectly  harmless 
constitution  and  by-laws,  full  of  fraternal 
phrases.  The  most  practical  provision  of  this 
code  of  laws  was  the  establishing  of  rehearsals 
for  both  string  and  reed.  The  temporary  offi- 
cers were  made  permanent,  with  the  addition 
of  an  executive  board.  Frank  Geeks,  Jr.,  was 
elected  director  of  string,  and  Louis  Meyer, 
director  of  reed.  The  string  rehearsals  were 
never  inaugurated,  as  Mr.  Geeks  left  for  Europe 
shortly  after  the  formation  of  the  organization 
to  complete  his  musical  studies,  but  the  reed 
rehearsals  were  held  weekly,  and  proved  both 
interesting  and  educational,  the  director,  Louis 
Meyer,  deserving  special  credit  for  his  faithful 
attention  to  the  work  in  hand. 

In  the  meantime,  the  organization  grew 
apace.  By  January  1,  1886,  it  numbered  over 
200  members. 

The  question  of  evoluting  into  a protective 
union  was  frequently  discussed  among  the 
members,  and  finally  a motion  was  adopted  to 
invite  Casper  Heep,  the  local  organizer  of  the 
Knights  of  Labor,  to  address  a meeting  of  the 
Association.  This  resulted  in  the  Association 
affiliating  with  the  K.  of  L.  as  Local  Assembly 
No.  5938,  February  5,  1886. 

PURCHASES  PRESENT  HEAD- 
QUARTERS. 

When  the  Treasurer,  Jos.  Bergman,  in 
January,  1905,  made  his  yearly  report  for  1904, 
it  developed  that  the  M.  M.  B.  A.  had  over 
$10,000  cash  on  hand.  A motion  was  made  to 
appoint  a committee  and  invest  the  $10,000  in 
a piece  of  land,  with  a view  of  erecting  a per- 
manent headquarters.  The  motion  carried, 
and  Otto  Ostendorf,  H.  J.  Falkenhainer,  Louis 
Knittel,  Martin  Sauer  and  Jos.  Bergman  were 
appointed  to  tajte  the  matter  in  charge.  The 
committee  found  itself  hampered  by  being 
unable  to  accept  a suitable  offer  without  first 
reporting  to  the  organization.  It  was  then 
decided  to  give  the  committee  full  power  to  act. 
It  promptly  acted,  and  secured  the  present 
commodious  and  convenient  headquarters  at 
3535  Pine  street,  which  was  conveyed  to  the 
Aschenbroedel  Club  August  11,  1905. 

THE  1908  CONVENTION. 

The  most  notable  event  in  the  history  of 
the  M.  M.  B.  A.  in  1908,  was  the  convention  of 
the  A.  F.  of  M.,  held  in  the  Aschenbroedel  Hall, 
3535  Pine  street.  Like  for  the  World’s  Fair, 
every  detail  had  been  attended  to  long  before 
the  convention,  and  everything  therefore 
moved  so  smoothly  that  the  members  did  not 
realize  what  a big  thing  they  had  on  hand. 
Frank  Geeks  was  chairman  of  the  convention 
committee,  and  right  well  did  he  and  his  com- 
mittee acquit  themselves.  For  the  first  time 
in  the  history  of  the  world,  a convention  of 


32 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


musicians  was  held  in  a hall  owned  by  them- 
selves. The  convention  was  opened  by  a short 
parade  from  the  Jefferson  Hotel,  headed  by  a 
band  of  500  musicians,  members  of  Local  No. 
2,  A.  F.  of  M.  The  delegates  to  the  convention 
were  most  favorably  impressed.  The  example 
of  St.  Louis  having  its  own  home  has  spurred 
others  to  follow.  Many  have  done  so,  more 
especially  the  smaller  locals.  Among  the 
larger  locals  who  have  followed  suit  are  Chicago, 
Newark,  N.  J.,  and  Baltimore,  Md. 

ST.  LOUIS  CENTENNIAL  CELE- 
BRATION. 

The  year  1909  was  Centennial  Year.  This 
event,  like  others  mentioned,  was  carefully 
planned  and  mapped  out  to  the  smallest  detail. 
The  work  was  commenced  in  March  and  con- 
sumated  in  October.  Eight  hundred  and 
thirty  musicians  were  used  on  and  off  during 


the  week.  The  Symphony  Orchestra,  of  from 
65  to  80  musicians,  was  employed  every  eve- 
ning at  the  Coliseum.  On  Thursday  there  were 
750  musicians  in  parade.  The  bands,  with  the 
exception  of  the  first  were  all  of  50  each,  divided 
into  two  sections  of  25  each,  who  alternated  in 
playing.  This  arrangement  kept  the  music 
going  continuously.  The  first  band  of  100, 
divided  into  two  sections  of  50  each,  alternat- 
ing in  playing.  All  these  musicians,  except 
the  Scotch  Pipers,  were  members  of  the  A.  F. 
of  M.  The  Pipers  were  allowed  ip  the  parade 
because  of  the  novelty  and  a desire  to  please 
the  many  Scotch  people  of  St.  Louis  and  be- 
cause they  assured  the  officials  of  the  M.  M. 
B.  A.  that  they  never  accepted  engagements 
for  pay,  therefore  were  not  competitive.  Some- 
thing over  $15,500  was  paid  out  for  music 
during  the  week,  every  dollar  of  which  went 
into  the  pockets  of  members  of  the  A.  F.  of  M 


M.  M.  B.  A.  Local  No.  44. 

Local  No.  44  of  the  M.  M.  B.  A.,  which  was  organized  in  1894,  on  January  1, 
1910,  had  a membership  of  59  male  performers  and  three  females.  It  has  a sick 
benefit  of  $3  a week,  but  only  had  to  pay  out  $42  in  this  way  in  1909.  In  case  of 
death  $50  is  paid.  In  1909  two  deaths  occured,  causing  a disbursement  of  $100  for 
insurance.  The  president  of  this  local  is  L.  K.  Baker  of  6113  Pennsylvania  Ave., 
and  the  Secretary,  William  C.  Vassar  of  2129  Market  Street. 


Kansas  City  Musicians. 

The  musicians  of  Kansas  City  are  also  strongly  organized.  Local  No.  34  was 
formed  in  1889  and  incorporated  in  1908.  A membership  of  320  males  and  27  females 
existed  at  the  commencement  of  this  year.  Only  5 per  cent  of  this  city’s  professionals 
are  not  in  the  folds,  and  they  will  soon  be  gathered  in.  In  case  of  death  $250  is  paid. 
In  1909,  $500  was  disbursed  in  this  manner.  The  present  President  is  F.  K.  Lott 
of  207  E.  14th  Street,  and  Secretary  A.  C.  Miller,  also  207  E.  14th  Street.  The  pay 
is  $2  for  the  first  hour  and  $1  for  each  additional  hour.  For  regular  employment 
there  is  a regular  scale. 


Musicians  of  St.  Joseph. 

Organization  exists  strongly  among  the  musicians  of  St.  Joseph.  Local  No.  50 
on  January  1,  had  110  members;  divided  between  90  male  and  20  female.  Ten  new 
members  were  added  during  the  year  1909.  On  the  percentage  of  organization 
returned  for  1909,  which  was  90  per  cent,  only  eleven  professional  musicians  in  the 
city  are  not  members  of  this  local.  Charles  Welty  is  president  of  No.  50  and  N. 
Raez,  secretary.  The  regular  scale  of  pay  runs  from  $18  to  $25  per  week.  For 
short  engagement  the  scale  is  $2  for  the  first  hour  and  50  cents  for  each  additional 
hour. 


Musicians  of  Other  Cities  and  Towns. 

Musicians  are  organized  in  Joplin,  Jefferson  City,  Sedalia  and  Springfield.  The 
presidents  and  secretaries  of  the  locals  in  those  cities  and  their  post  office  addresses 
are: 


Brotherhood  of  Railway  Carmen,  1909-10. 


33 


JOPLIN— 

Local  No.  112 — President,  E.  L.  Karnes, 
East  Joplin  street;  William . R.  Snoeberger, 
1040  Joplin  street,  Secretary. 

JEFFERSON  CITY— 

Local  No.  217 — President,  W.  J.  Edwards; 
Vice-President,  George  Bartholomaeus;  Treas- 
urer, O.  N.  Mayer;  Secretary,  Anton  Blume. 


, It  has  forty-one  male  members  and  three  fe- 
males. The  local  organized  March  3,  1907. 
j SEDALIA — 

Local  No.  22 — J.  D.  Meyers  of  208  South 
Lamine  street,  Prseident  and  Secretary. 
SPRINGFIELD— 

Local  No.  150 — President,  H.  W.  Hale, 
923  College  Ave.;  A.  W.  Scheiling,  Secretary, 
j 1404  Rob  avenue. 


BROTHERHOOD  OF  RAILWAY  CARMEN. 


Returns  from  E.  Wm.  Weeks,  General  Secretary  and  Treasurer 
Number  of  Locals  of  the  Brotherhood  of  Railway  Carmen  of  America,  who  has  his 
in  Missouri.  headquarters  in  room  507  Hall  Building,  Kansas  City,  reveal  that 
this  organization  has  twenty-one  locals  in  Missouri  with  a com- 
bined membership  of  970.  Kansas  City,  Missouri,  is  the  National  headquarters 
of  this  order.  The  National  officers  of  1910 — Grand  Lodge — together  with  their 


addresses  are  as  follows: 

General  President,  Martin  F.  Ryan,  510 
Hall  building,  Kansas  City,  Mo. 

First  General  .Vice-President,  Frank  Pa- 
quin,  318  West  52nd  place,  Chicago,  Ills. 

Second  General  Vice-President,  Alfred 
Chartrand,  375  St.  Germain  street,  Montreal, 
Quebec,  Canada. 

Third  General  Vice-President,  I.  M.  Wal- 
lace, box  171,  r.  f.  d.  No.  5,  Atlanta,  Ga. 

Fourth  General  Vice-President,  J.  H. 
Spelts,  4568  Tennyson  street,  Denver,  Colo. 

Fifth  General  Vice-President,  John  J. 
Gallagher,  56  Prescott  street,  Readville,  Mass. 
General  Secretary  and  Treasurer,  E.  Wm. 


Weeks,  507  Hall  building,  Kansas  City,  Mo. 

Editor  and  Manager  Journal,  W.  J.  Adams, 
500  Hall  building,  Kansas  City,  Mo. 

GRAND  EXECUTIVE  BOARD. 

Frank  Hall  (Chairman)  Logan,  Iowa. 

G.  F.  Mounts,  2718  Raytown  road,  Kansas 
City,  Mo. 

G.  E.  Webster,  11  Temple  street,  Nashua, 
N.  H. 

C.  E.  Whitlow,  901  Travis  street,  Fort 
Worth,  Texas. 

M.  B.  Wilhelm,  425  North  33rd  street, 
Richmond,  Va. 


MISSOURI  LOCALS,  BROTHERHOOD  OF  RAILWAY  CARMEN. 

In  the  following  table  will  be  found  tne  number  and  names  of  the  locals  of  Missouri  organized 
carmen;  their  location;  recording  secretary  of  each,  and  his  address  and  the  membership  of  each 
local  in  November,  1910. 


Lodge  No.  Location. 


293. 
478. 
38.  . 
344. 
384. 
187. 
2.  . . 
504. 
323. 
64.  . 
442. 
130. 
43.  . 
67.  . 
432. 
34.  . 
390. 

36.  . 
213. 
207. 
11.  . 


Cape  Girardeau 

Chaffee 

De  Soto 

Eldon 

Fornfelt 

Joplin 

Kansas  City. . . 


Moberly.  . 
Monett . . . 

Sedalia . . . 
St.  Joseph 
St.  Louis . 


Springfield 

Thayer . . . 
Trenton.  . 


Recording  Secretary  and  Address. 


Mem- 
bers’p. 


A.  E.  Kinder,  926  Bloomfield  street 

M.  W.  Lewis 

Geo.  M.  Roope,  box  268 

J.  H.  Anderson 

J.  T.  White 

W.  A.  Carruthers,  1206  Indiana  avenue 

W.  I.  Emens,  Sta.  No.  11,  Rosedale,  Kansas.  . . . 

Robert  Gardner,  3318  Gardner  avenue 

Jno.  Westman,  122  South  Oakley 

Jno.  C.  Curry,  312  North  Ault  street 

A.  M.  Brown,  L.  Box  355 

C.  H.  Bunce 

Frank  Rippey,  401  E.  15th  street 

W.  A.  Edson,  2704  Walnut  street 

A.  C.  Warren,  1220  Tiffany  avenue 

F.  H.  Knight,  1225  John  avenue 

D.  Thompson,  2629  Renshaw  avenue,  East  St. 

Louis,  111 

C.  M.  Storey,  1356  Texas  avenue 

Frank  F.  Hoyer 

.T.  S.  Tucker 

D.  C.  Vance,  1107  Chestnut  street 


27 
35 
11 
60 

67 
17 
91 
61 

28 
13 

50 

68 
135 

21 

10 

51 

42 

48 

85 

8 

42 


Total  members  in  State  of  Missouri 


970 


O L — 3 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


34 


ORDER  OF  RAILWAY  CONDUCTORS. 

The  Order  of  Railway  Conductors  of  America  has  twenty  sub- 
Twenty  Missouri  ordinate  divisions  in  Missouri  with  a total  membership  of  1,533. 

Local.  In  each  railroad  center  there  is  also  a ladies’  Auxiliary,  made  up 

of  the  wives,  mothers,  sisters  and  other  female  relatives  of  the 
members.  Of  this  body  Mrs.  J.  H.  Moore,  423  Langdon  street,  Toledo,  Ohio,  is 
the  National  President,  and  Mrs.  W.  E.  Higgins,  1339  South  High  street,  the  National 
Secretary.  The  other  officers  are:  Mrs.  G.  W.  Hutchinson,  General  Secretary  of 
F.  B.  A.,  19  East  Fourth  street,  Mt.  Vernon,  N.  Y.;  Mrs.  A.  F.  Conlisk,  Grand 
Vice-President;  Mrs.  J.  M.  Sewell,  Grand  Senior  Sister;  Mrs.  W.  N.  Drake,  Grand 
Junior  Sister;  Mrs.  E.  I.  Lowe,  Grand  Guard;  Mrs.  L.  B.  Waltz,  1st  Member  of 
Grand  Executive  Committee;  Mrs.  A.  Schneider,  2d  Member  of  Grand  Executive 
Committee. 

The  National  Officers  of  the  Railway  Conductors  are:  A.  B.  Garre tson,  Presi- 
dent; L.  E.  Sheppard,  Senior  Vice-President;  W.  J.  Maxwell,  Grand  Secretary,  and 
Treasurer. 

With  1,533  members  in  Missouri  divided  between  20  locals  it  means  that  there 
is  an  average  of  76  to  each  local. 


OBJECTS  OF  THE  LADIES’  AUXILIARY,  ORDER  OF  RAILWAY  CONDUCTORS  OF 
AMERICA.— ITS  GROWTH  SINCE  1892. 

(By  Mrs.  J.  H.  Moore,  Grand  President.) 


Our  women  have  more  or  less  in  com- 
mon, they  are  not  what  they  used  to  be. 
To  us  greater  than  any  glory  we  have 
achieved,  is  the  improvement  in  our  wo- 
men in  all  that  makes  true  womanhood. 
Organization  co-operation  is  a step  that 
enables  us  to  do,  what  one  alone  cannot 
do.  It  is  not  alone  our  material  advance- 
ment, but  rather  the  freedom  we  enjoy  in 
the  intellectual  advancement  we  have 
made,  which  gives  greater  opportunities, 
facilitates  our  work,  and  develops  a 
friendly  sentiment  which  is  essential  to 
further  our  progress.  There  is  a field 
for  helpfulness  and  concerted  action  on 
the  part  of  the  women  of  our  class,  which 
if  it  could  be  utilized  would  be  a force 
which  would  be  felt  by  all  our  members, 
and  assist  and  strengthen  the  efforts  which 
has  made  our  success  possible. 

In  1892,  we  had  twenty  Divisions,  ap- 
proximately, four  hundred  members.  We 
now  have  two  hundred  and  eighty-eight 
Divisions,  approximately,  nine  thousand 
members,  and  well  developed  conditions. 

Our  women  do  not  stop  with  todays 
acquirements,  but  are  advancing  with  the 
spirit  of  the  times.  While  honoring  the 
past,  their  faces  are  towards  the  future. 
They  have  broader  minds,  are  more  just, 
more  generous,  and  possess  an  enthusiasm 
and  a confidence  which  are  fixed  qualities. 
They  are  worthy  the  confidence  committed 
to  their  care. 

As  for  the  history  of  the  Missouri 


Subordinate  Auxiliaries,  it  follows,  in 
brief : 

St.  Louis  Division  No.  11  was  organized 
in  St.  Louis,  May  16,  1891,  by  Mrs.  J. 
F.  Stout,  with  fifteen  charter  members. 
The  president,  and  secretary  for  1910 
are:  Mrs.  E.  Dyer,  2827  St.  Vincent  Ave- 
nue; Mrs.  C.  W.  Noonan,  2720  Accomac 
street. 

DeSoto  Division  No.  13  was  organized 
in  DeSoto,  Mo.,  January  8,  1892,  by  Mrs. 
C.  E.  Ragon,  with  fifteen  charter  mem- 
bers. The  president  and  secretary  for 
1910  are,  Mrs.  Ida  Aylsworth,  Mrs.  L. 
A.  Missey. 

Monett  Division  No.  125  was  organized 
in  Monett,  Mo.,  June  3,  1898,  by  Mrs. 
J.  H.  Moore,  with  twenty  charter  mem- 
bers. The  president  and  secretary  for 
1910  are,  Mrs.  D.  Kirk,  Mrs.  W.  W. 
Campbell. 

New  Year  Division  No.  142,  was  or- 
ganized in  Springfield,  Mo.,  January  31, 
1900,  by  Mrs.  J.  H.  Moore,  with  thirty 
charter  members.  The  president  and  sec- 
retary for  1910  are,  Mrs.  W.  Smith,  1225 
Clay  street;  Mrs.  C.  W.  Thompson,  1346 
Robberson  street. 

Ella  Stone  Division  No.  163,  was  or- 
ganized in  Sedalia,  Mo.,  January  3,  1902, 
by  Mrs.  J.  H.  Moore,  with  forty  charter 
members.  The  president  and  secretary 
for  1910  are,  Mrs.  W.  M.  Phelan,  793 
East  10th  street;  Mrs.  J.  A.  Hukill,  R. 
F.  D.  No.  2. 


Strike  of  Machinists,  1910. 


35 


Wabash  Division  No.  201,  was  organized 
in  Moberly,  Mo.,  November  29,  1904,  by 
Mrs.  I.  S.  Ruby,  with  twenty-seven  char- 
ter members.  The  president  and  secre- 
tary for  1910  are,  Mrs.  C.  B.  Clark,  129 
Kirby  street ; Mrs.  J.  P.  Shields,  506 
South  Williams  street. 

Tinsman  Division  No.  206,  was  organ- 
ized in  Trenton,  Mo.,  January  11,  1905, 
by  Mrs.  I.  S.  Ruby,  with  twenty-seven 
charter  members.  The  president  and  sec- 
retary for  1910  are,  Mrs.  M.  Keith,  Mrs. 
Olga  Meranda. 


American  Rose  Division  No.  260,  was 
organized  in  Brookfield,  Mo.,  January  6, 
lylO,  by  Mrs.  J.  P.  Shields,  with  thirty- 
two  charter  members.  The  president  and 
secretary  for  1910  are,  Mrs.  C.  Madden, 
Mrs.  L.  Willis. 

Riverview  Division  No.  271,  was  organ- 
ized in  Hannibal,  Mo.,  April  15,  1910,  by 
Mrs.  J.  P.  Shields,  with  seventeen  charter 
members.  The  president  and  secretary 
for  1910  are,  Mrs.  G.  E.  Kenning,  Mrs. 
A.  G.  Baird. 


INTERNATIONAL  ASSOCIATION  OF  MACHINISTS. 


DISTRICT  NO.  5— CHIEFLY  MISSOURI. 


History  of  The  machinists  of  Missouri  are  organized  into  one  of  the  strongest  and 
the  Strike  of  most  substantial  labor  bodies  the  state  possesses.  The  Missouri  portion 
1910.  of  District  No.  5,  which  has  its  headquarters  in  room  305  Howard 
building,  St.  Louis,  is  composed  of  Kansas  City  Local  No.  27;  Sedalia  Local  No.  71; 
DeSoto  Local  No.  135;  and  St.  Louis  Local  No.  308.  James  O’Connell  is  the  Inter- 
national President  of  the  order,  with  headquarters  in  Washington,  D.  C.  A.  O. 
Wharton  is  the  Business  Agent  of  District  No.  5.  The  International  Association  is 
affiliated  with  the  American  Federation  of  Labor,  and  the  Missouri  division  with  the 
Southwest  Consolidated  Railway  District. 

In  May  of  1910  the  machinists  employed  by  certain  railroads  of  Missouri  had 
a disagreement  with  these  corporations,  owing  to  a refusal  on  the  part  of  the  latter 
to  grant  a straight  work  day  of  nine  hours.  For  this  and  other  reasons  a walkout 
occured.  The  history  of  this  strike,  which,  at  this  writing  was  still  on,  and  which 
has  recently  been  augmented  by  a sympathy  walkout  of  blacksmiths,  sheet  metal 
workers  and  boiler  makers,  is  told  in  the  following  extracts  from  a bulletin  which  was 
furnished  by  A.  O.  Wharton,  the  Business  Agent  of  District  5. 


Office  of  A.  O.  Wharton,  International 
Association  of  Machinists,  Section  5,  Head- 
quarters, Room  305  Howard  Building,  St.  Louis, 
Mo. 

St.  Louis,  Mo.,  May  1,  1910. 

This  will  inform  the  membership  at  large 
that  the  Missouri  Pacific,  St.  Louis,  Iron  Mount- 
ain and  Southern  Railway  Company  Machin- 
ists went  on  strike  at  10  a.  m.  Monday,  May 
2nd,  1910,  because  the  management  of  this 
company  refused  to  grant  us  the  straight  nine- 
hour  day  and  in  other  ways  indicated  to  the 
committee  representing  the  men  that  they  did 
not  propose  to  concede  to  the  machinists  and 
apprentices  an  agreement  that  would  contain 
regulations  of  employment. 

On  December  2nd,  1909,  sixteen  systems 
affiliated  with  the  Southwest  Section  presented 
copies  of  proposed  agreements  to  their  re- 
spective managements  asking  that  we  be 
granted  a conference  on  or  about  January  3rd, 


[ 1910.  The  result  of  the  concerted  action 
brought  about  a meeting  with  representatives 
of  the  Association  of  Western  Railways.  A 
preliminary  meeting  was  first  held  in  Chicago, 
January  21st,  1910.  At  this  meeting  it  was 
agreed  that  a conference,  to  be  composed  of 
representatives  from  the  roads  agreeing  to  a 
joint  conference  and  representatives  from  our 
Association,  should  be  held  on  or  about  Feb- 
ruary 7th,  and  that  this  conference  would  be 
j for  the  purpose  of  negotiating  to  a conclusion 
I the  matters  submitted  to  the  several  companies, 
I and  to  standardize  as  many  of  the  articles  as 
I practicable. 

The  first  meeting  occurred  in  Chicago, 
| February  7th,  and  we  remained  in  continuous 
J conference  up  to  and  including  March  12th, 
1 five  weeks  to  a day.  International  President 
James  O’Connell  was  chairman  of  our  com- 
mittee. Mr.  A.  W.  Sullivan,  General  Manager 
of  the  Missouri  Pacific  Railway  Company  was 


36 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


chairman  for  the  Managers’  committee.  The 
conference  resulted  in  a disagreement  because 
of  the  following  reasons. 

FAILED  TO  AGREE. 

An  increase  in  wages  and  the  straight  nine- 
hour  day.  The  increase  in  wages  was  para- 
mount in  the  minds  of  most  of  our  members, 
but  nevertheless  there  was  also  a determination 
to  carry  out  the  edict  issued  by  our  Grand 
Lodge  at  the  St.  Louis  Convention  held  in  Sep- 
tember, 1907,  which  was  to  the  effect  that  no 
agreements  would  be  entered  into  between 
members  of  our  association  and  the  railways 
unless  said  agreement  provided  for  the  straight 
nine-hour  day.  At  Chicago  we  had.  in  the 
hopes  of  bringing  about  a settlement,  reduced 
our  offer  to  the  minimum  of  our  authority;  the 
membership  had  declared  in  a convention  held 
at  Kansas  City,  December,  1907,  and  again  at 
Kansas  City  in  October,  1909,  for  certain  rates 
and  the  action  of  these  two  conventions  was 
ratified  by  the  membership  of  the  Southwest 
Section.  It  was  the  desire  of  the  Southwest 
Section  to  fight  this  proposition  to  a conclusion 
in  a body  and  to  make  no  settlement  with  any 
company  unless  we  were  all  included.  However, 
the  Grand  Lodge  saw  fit  to  advise  us  (after  our 
failure  to  bring  about  a joint  settlement  in 
Chicago)  to  again  seek  a conference  with  the 
officials  of  the  various  roads  and  if  able  to  se- 
cure a settlement  on  any  of  those  roads,  we 
were  to  do  so.  In  our  humble  opinion,  it  was 
the  greatest  mistake  that  was  ever  made.  We 
were  also  advised  that  we  would  not  be  per- 
mitted to  go  on  strike  if  certain  concessions 
were  offered  us.  That  also  appears  to  the  un- 
dersigned to  have  been  a very  serious  mistake. 
However,  we  went  into  the  proposition  with 
the  determination  to  make  the  best  of  it,  and 
with  the  object  in  view  of  keeping  the  sixteen 
committees  lined  up  on  the  final  proposition 
the  joint  committee  had  submitted  to  the 
Managers’  Committee  in  Chicago.  We  knew 
that  this  was  not  the  desire  of  the  membership, 
and  we  felt  that  our  efforts  would  prove  un- 
availing, as  we  recognized  how  hard  it  would 
be  to  try  and  keep  sixteen  committees  meeting 
on  different  days  and  in  some  instances  thou- 
sands of  miles  apart,  lined  up  and  acting  unan- 
imously. The  Grand  Lodge  placed  the  matter 
in  my  hands  and  gave  me  full  authority  to 
handle  the  situation  under  the  decision  ren- 
dered by  the  Grand  Executive  Board. 

ELEVEN  RAILROADS  CONCUR. 

Of  the  sixteen  roads,  eleven  made  settle- 
ments without  the  necessity  of  ceasing  work. 
Of  the  five  that  went  on  strike,  one  was  out 
but  two  hours,  and  one  other  five  and  one-half 
days;  the  Texas  Central  employing  a very  small 
number  of  men,  the  Muskogee,  Oklahoma  & 
Gulf,  also  employing  a very  small  force. 

The  Missouri  Pacific,  St.  Louis  & Iron 
Mountain  and  Southern  machinists  are  yet  on 
strike.  The  men  on  the  T.  C.  and  M.  O.  & G. 
deserve  great  credit;  they  have  acted  as  men, 
and  as  true  Trades  Unionists  should  act.  They 
have  lived  up  to  the  instructions  to  a dot  and 


had  some  of  our  larger  and  more  favorably 
situated  system  committees  done  the  same, 
there  would  have  been  no  strikes  necessary. 

The  strikes  that  have  occurred  were  posi- 
tively caused  by  committees  on  other  roads 
making  settlements  which  were  in  violation  of 
the  rules  adopted  and  agreed  upon  for  our 
guidance  and  if  there  is  any  power  vested  in 
our  G.  E.  B.,  then  every  system  committee 
that  has  signed  an  agreement  that  recognizes 
anything  other  than  a straight  nine-hour  day 
or  less  hours  of  service,  should  be  declared  illegal 
and  the  membership  on  those  systems  should 
be  compelled  to  secure  the  straight  nine-hour 
day  or  strike  on  the  system  refusing  to  grant 
this  condition. 

EMPLOYES  WALK  OUT. 

For  the  Missouri  Pacific  strike,  on  April 
23rd,  1910,  our  committee  broke  off  negotiations 
with  the  officials.  We  had  been  offered  a two- 
cent  increase^er  hour.  Other  roads  were  at  this 
time  offering  from  to  4 cents,  the  undersigned 
being  left  in  charge  of  the  situation.  We  got 
in  touch  with  the  company  again.  I had  Bro. 
J.  F.  Sechler,  member  of  our  district  committee 
living  in  St.  Louis,  with  me.  We  were  offerea 
a three-cent  increase  per  hour  with  this  pro- 
viso: that  we  accept  the  General  Managers’ 
proposition  as  submitted  to  the  joint  committee 
in  Chicago  under  date  of  March  10th,  1910; 
this  we  declined  to  accept,  and  for  the  following 
reasons : 

Their  proposition  in  Article  II  was  that 
we  accept  a nine-hour  day  with  a lap  system 
between  7 and  7 for  roundhouse  men,  which 
meant  that  the  company  would  be  able  to 
establish  continuous  service  in  roundhouse  or 
shop  without  paying  overtime  rates  and  prac- 
tically meant  a 12 -hour  day,  because  under 
this  rule  the  shop  force  could  be  working  on  an 
eight-  hour  basis,  the  shop  force  going  off  duty 
at  four  p.  m.  The  roundhouse  force  could  be 
increased  so  as  to  permit  any  number  of  men 
to  be  taken  out  of  the  roundhouse  and  put  in 
the  shop,  and  by  taking  the  roundhouse  men 
who  would  work  until  7 p.  m.,  you  could  work 
him  in  the  shop  from  four  to  seven  for  straight 
time,  and  in  hours  that  the  shop  men  would  be 
entitled  to  time  and  one-half  for. 

OBJECTED  TO  TIME  AND  PAY. 

Article  III  provided  that  all  time  worked 
over  the  standard  day  would  be  paid  for  at  the 
rate  of  time  and  one-half.  This  means  that 
should  a man  lose  a half  day,  coming  in  at 
noon,  the  nine  hours  for  the  man  who  started 
at  7 a.  m.  would  expire  at  5 p.  m.,  but  for  the 
man  who  came  in  at  noon,  his  nine  hours  would 
not  be  completed  until  10  p.  in.,  provided  he 
worked  straight  through  from  one  o’clock, 
and  he  could  under  the  Managers’  rule  be  held 
at  work  until  ten  p.  m.  for  straight  time. 

In  same  article  the  Managers  provided  that 
we  would  be  paid  straight  time  for  traveling, 
waiting  for  train,  or  for  work  after  a worker  got 
to  his  destination,  and  he  would  only  receive 
time  and  one-half  provided  that  he  was 
actually  working  on  overtime  hours.  It  would 


Strike  of  Machinists,  1910. 


37 


be  hard  to  figure  when  the  overtime  hours 
were  in  effect,  as  the  12-hour  lap  shift  system 
provided  for  24  hours  continuous  service  for 
straight  time. 

Article  IV.  Apprentice  rule  would  permit 
the  company  to  employ  one  apprentice  for 
every  five  machinists  in  the  service,  and  they 
were  to  be  distributed  in  shops  where  general 
repairs  were  made  as  nearly  as  practicable,  in 
proportion  to  the  machinists  employed  therein. 
It  looks  allright  to  read,  as  it  has  done  away 
with  the  one  apprentice  for  the  shop,  but  let 
us  analyze  this  rule.  Supposing  all  the  shops 
on  a system  were  temporarily  closed  down  as 
they  were  in  a great  many  instances  during  the 
past  three  years,  and  in  some  instances  for  a 
period  of  five  months;  this  rule  would  then 
permit  the  company  to  retain  one  apprentice 
for  every  five  machinists  in  the  service.  On 
the  Missouri  Pacific  System  this  would  mean 
about  300  running  repair  men,  at  one  to  five. 
It  would  mean  60  apprentices;  the  seniority 
rule  also  applying  to  apprentices  in  a reduction 
of  force  and  on  a system  basis.  It  would  mean 
that  those  60  apprentices  would  all  have  two 
or  more  years’  experience,  and  would  be  able 
in  a great  measure  to  do  some  one  thing  or 
another,  just  as  efficiently  as  would  a machinist. 
Now  in  this  case,  remember  the  distribution  of 
apprentices,  which  was  to  be  as  far  as  prac- 
ticable in  equal  proportion  in  each  shop,  it 
would  be  practicable  to  the  last  degree  from 


the  company’s  standpoint  to  operate  one  shop 
with  about  ten  machinists  and  the  60  appren- 
tices with  two  or  more  years  of  experience. 
This  would  mean  that  they  could  have  the 
services  of  60  boys  at  cheap  wages,  while  60 
machinists,  most  of  whom  would  be  the  heads 
of  families,  would  be  looking  for  a position. 

The  other  articles  in  the  Managers’  pro- 
position, namely,  classification  of  macninists’ 
work,  the  handling  of  grievances  and  reducing 
the  working  hours  were  acceptable.  The  ter- 
mination of  agreement  would  be  by  a thirty-day 
notice  from  either  party,  excepting  that'  we 
agreed  to  make  an  agreement  for  one  year  and 
30  days  if  we  signed  a joint  agreement.  Now, 
the  conditions  outlined  in  the  foregoing  could 
be  put  into  effect  if  we  accepted  the  offer  made 
us.  Our  old  agreement  did  not  permit  of  any 
one  of  those  objectionable  features  and  in 
addition  to  this,  we  had  a number  of  other 
rules  covering  filtered  water  with  ice  for  drink- 
ing purposes;  time  and  one-half  for  transfer 
from  day  to  night ; double  time  for  meal  hours ; 
night  men  allowed  to  work  straight  through 
from  time  of  starting  and  being  allowed  20 
minutes  for  lunch  without  losing  the  time; 
sons  of  machinists  in  the  employ  of  the  com- 
pany to  have  equal  consideration  in  entering 
the  shops  as  apprentices,  lighter  work  for  men 
who  had  become  old  in  the  service  and  so  on. 
All  told  there  were  some  seven  articles  cut  out 
of  our  old  agreement. 


On  December  20,  1910,  an  agreement  was  reached  between  the  systems  effected 
and  President  O’Connell  of  the  International  Machinists’  Association;  after  a con- 
ference, which  extended  through  a week.  Concessions  were  made  by  both  sides. 
The  strike  was  called  off  and  two  days  later  most  of  the  machinists  went  back  to 
work.  In  thirty  days  all  will  be  reinstated. 


UNITED  MINE  WORKERS. 


MISSOURI  DISTRICT  NO.  25. 

The  bituminous  coal  miners  of  Missouri  have  one  of  the  strongest 
Satisfactory  organized  bodies  of  the  State.  All  members  are  working  under  agree- 
Wages,  ments  with  the  operators,  and  now  have  satisfactory  wages  and  hours. 
Hours.  The  strength  of  this  order  in  this  commonwealth  is  chiefly  due  to  the 
energy  and  untiring  efforts  of  District  No.  25,  of  which  George  Manuel 
of  209£  Reed  street,  Moberly,  is  the  State  Secretary.  The  order  is  affiliated  with 
the  Missouri  State  Federation  of  Labor.  The  1910  officers  are  as  follows,  together 
with  their  addresses: 

Charles  Batley,  Novinger,  Mo.,  President;  Harry  Beresford,  Huntsville,  Mo., 
Vice-President;  George  Manuel,  Moberly,  Mo.,  Secretary-Treasurer. 

Auditors — George  Bell,  Orrick,  Mo.;  Elmer  Sinex,  Novinger,  Mo.;  Luke  Sharp, 
Higbee,  Mo. 

Members  of  Executive  Board — Fred  W.  Furley,  Keota,  Mo.;  John  M.  Geary, 
Lexington,  Mo.;  James  Cooley,  Novinger,  Mo. 

In  1909  members  of  Local  2855  at  Kirksville,  Missouri,  had  a disagreement 
with  a mine  operator  over  the  discharge  of  a blacksmith,  and,  unable  to  adjust  matters 


38 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


satisfactorily,  walked  out.  This  strike  lasted  68  days  and  cost  the  miners  $2,200  ir> 
wages.  A settlement  was  finally  reached  on  a basis  of  “re-instatement  of  blacksmith 
with  payment  of  14  days  compensation  as  per  contract.” 

Members  of  Local  2686  of  Kirksville  also  disagreed  with  a mine  operator  over 
a refusal  to  comply  with  their  contract.  The  strike  commenced  in  January,  1909, 
and  lasted  until  October  31  of  the  same  year,  when  the  union  miners  were  removed, 
by  their  order  to  other  points  in  the  State  to  work.  The  loss  in  wages  was  $9,000. 
On  October  31,  1910,  this  mine  changed  operators  and  a new  union  contract  was 
signed  with  the  new  managers,  which  once  more  unionized  the  mine. 

MINERS’  STRIKE  OP  1910. 

By  George  Manuel,  Secretary-Treasurer  of  District  No.  25,  U.  M.  W.  of  A. 


Moberly,  Mo.,  Nov.  21,  1910. 

Referring  to  the  strike  of  the  miners  this 
year,  will  say  that  at  our  National  Convention, 
held  in  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  demands  were  made 
for  an  increase  in  wages  to  take  place  April  1st, 
1910,  for  all  the  bituminous  miners  in  the  United 
States  that  were  members  of  the  United  Mine 
Workers  of  America,  with  instructions  for  each 
District  organization  throughout  the  entire 
country  to  meet  their  employers  in  joint  con- 
ference for  the  purpose  of  negotiating  wage 
contracts  on  the  basis  of  the  demands  made  at 
the  Indianapolis  Convention. 

The  States  of  Missouri,  Kansas,  Arkansas 
and  Oklahoma,  comprising  what  is  known  as 
the  Southwestern  Interstate  Movement,  met  at 
Kansas  City,  Mo.,  in  February  for  the  purpose 
of  negotiating  a wage  contract  to  take  the  place 
of  the  then  existing  contract  that  would  expire 
on  April  1st.  Our  demands  were  presented 
to  our  employers  and  were  refused  with  a state- 
ment. from  them,  that  they  would  renew  the 
existing  agreement.  At  the  time  our  con- 
ference was  in  session  in  Kansas  City,  the  other 
Districts  were  in  session  with  their  employers 
in  different  parts  of  the  country,  and  were  met 
with  the  same  answer  that  was  given  the  South- 
western employes. 

The  International  Executive  Board,  seeing 
that  it  would  be  impossible  to  negotiate  wage 
contracts  on  the  basis  of  the  demands  of  the 
Indianapolis  Convention,  called  another  Na- 
tional Convention  to  meet  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio, 
on  March  14th.  At  this  Convention,  the  de- 
mands were  modified  and  the  general  demands 
were  for  a 3-cent  per  ton  advance  on  mine  run 
coal,  and  5 cents  per  ton  on  screened  coal  with 
a 5.55  per  cent  increase  on  day  labor,  yardage 
and  dead  work. 

These  demands  were  presented  to  our  em- 
ployers on  April  11th,  and  were  rejected  with 
a statement  that  they  would  do  nothing  better 
than  renew  the  contract  that  had  expired  on 
April  1st.  In  the  meantime,  all  the  miners 
whose  contracts  had  expired  on  April  1st,  were 
out  on  strike,  the  Missouri  District  being  among 
those  on  strike. 

Conferences  were  held  from  time  to  time 
with  our  employers  but  no  results  were  ob- 
tained until  the  conference  held  at  Kansas  City, 


August  29th,  at  which  time  the  employers 
offered  us  the  increase  in  wages  with  the  under- 
standing that  we  would  incorporate  in  the  con- 
tract an  arbitration  clause,  providing  for  the 
settlement  of  disputes  that  arise  under  the 
contract;  also  a clause  that  the  mines  continue 
in  operation  at  the  expiration  of  the  contract, 
and  all  disagreements  over  the  wage  question 
to  be  settled  by  a permanent  arbitrator.  Both 
questions  were  different  to  anything  that  we 
had  in  our  former  agreements,  but  in  principle 
were  not  antagonistic  to  the  policies  advocated 
by  our  organization. 

After  considerable  negotiations,  we  finally 
arrived  at  an  agreement  September  19th,  1910, 
and  the  miners  were  ordered  to  resume  work  on 
Sept.  21st,  1910,  ending  one  of  the  longest 
strikes  in  the  history  of  the  miners’  movement 
in  the  Southwest,  that  has  occurred  since  the 
organization  was  established  in  1899. 

There  were  approximately  8,000  men  idle 
in  the  Missouri  District  from  Aprli  1st  to  Sept. 
21st,  which  caused  a loss  of  wages  of  approx- 
imately, $1,500,000.00.  The  expenditure  in 
strike  benefits,  local,  district  and  otherwise, 
amounted  to  approximately  $100,000.00. 

In  my  opinion,  the  strike  was  a failure  from 
the  standpoint  of  both  employer  and  employe, 
unless  by  this  the  strike,  both  sides  were 
brought  to  a realization,  that  there  is  a better 
and  saner  method  of  settling  our  difficulties, 
and  that  each  will  make  concessions  in  the 
future  in  the  interest  of  peace,  rather  than  re- 
sort to  the  disastrous  method  that  was  em- 
ployed during  the  last  controversy. 

I believe  the  strike  will  have  a beneficial 
effect  on  both  sides,  inasmuch  as  we  have  adopt- 
ed the  following  clauses  in  our  joint  agreement 
that  will  have  a tendency  to  prevent  circum- 
stances that  led  up  to  the  last  strike. 

The  first  is  the  arbitration  section  in  our 
agreement,  which  reads  as  follows: 

ARBITRATION. 

“In  case  of  any  local  trouble  arising  at  any 
time  through  the  failure  to  agree  between  the 
foreman  and  any  employes,  the  pit  committee 
and  foreman  are  empowered  to  adjust  it;  and 
in  case  of  their  disagreement  or  failure  to  act 
within  two  days,  it  shall  be  immediately  re- 


S==5 

■ 1 

headquarters  of  the  St.  Louis  Musicians,  2515  Pine  Street,  of  the  famous  Aschenbroedel  Club  and 

many  other  labor  organisations. 

The  St.  Louis  Central  Trades  and  Labor  Union  meets  here 


, 


Strike  of  Coal  Miners,  1910. 


39 


ferred  to  the  superintendent  of  the  company 
and  the  district  president  of  the  U.  M.  W.  of  A. 
in  whose  district  the  controversy  arises,  or  such 
person  as  either  may  designate  to  represent 
him;  and  should  they  fail  to  agree,  it  shall  then 
be  referred  by  either  party  to  the  Commissioner 
of  the  Southwestern  Interstate  Coal  Operators’ 
Association,  and  the  District  President  of  the 
United  Mine  Workers  of  America  in  whose  j 
district  the  question  arises,  or  such  persons  as 
they  may  designate,  for  its  adjustment. 

“In  case  there  should  be  any  disagreement 
between  the  District  Pesident  and  the  Com- 
missioner of  the  Southwestern  Interstate  Coal 
Operators’  Association,  the  case  shall  be  re- 
ferred to  the  Arbitration  Board  hereinafter 
named. 

“The  arbitration  board  shall  consist  of  the 
district  president  in  whose  district  the  con- 
troversy arises,  and  the  Commissioner  of  the 
Operators’  Association,  and  a third  party  to  be 
selected  in  the  following  manner: 

“The  third  arbitrator  shall  be  Mr.  W.  L.  A. 
Johnson,  who  shall  decide  all  questions  of  dis- 
pute arising  under  this  agreement  that  are  not 
settled  under  paragraph  1 of  this  agreement. 

“No  decision  shall  be  rendered  hereunder 
in  conflict  with  the  written  terms  of  this  con- 
tract, or  the  decisions  of  the  Commissioner  and 
District  President,  local  customs  as  to  prices 
and  conditions  of  employment  that  are  es- 
tablished as  being  in  effect  at  the  expiration  of 
the  1908  contract,  except  where  special  pro- 
visions are  made  in  this  contract,  changing  | 
such  decisions,  customs  prices  and  conditions 
of  employment,  which  shall  remain  in  effect 
and  shall  not  be  subject  to  arbitration. 

“In  the  event  of  his  death,  disability  or 
failure  to  qualify,  his  successor  shall  be  appoint- 
ed by  the  President,  Treasurer  and  Commis- 
sioner of  the  Operators’  Association  on  the  part 
of  the  Operators,  and  the  three  district  pres- 
idents of  districts  14,  21  and  25  on  the  part  of 
the  miners. 

“All  decisions  rendered  under  this  section 
shall  be  final  and  binding  on  all  parties  hereto, 
and  the  mines  shall  continue  in  operation. 

“The  arbitration  board  shall  meet  at  some 
convenient  point  in  each  district  to  settle  the 
disputes  arising  in  that  district,  and  shall  meet 
at  the  locality  where  the  dispute  arises  should 
it  be  deemed  advisable  by  either  side  to  do  so. 

“The  arbitrator  shall  be  paid  such  reason- 
able compensation  and  expenses  for  his  ser- 
vices as  may  be  agreed  upon  between  him  and 
the  parties  hereto,  such  expenses  to  be  paid 
jointly  by  districts  14,  21  and  25  and  the  Opera- 
tors’ Association.  The  miners’  proportion  of 
the  arbitrator’s  compensation  and  expenses 
shall  be  divided  among  districts  14,  21  and  25 
equally.” 

COMMENT. 

The  above  section,  if  lived  up  to  by  both 
parties  to  the  agreement, will  do  much  to  cement 
closer  the  bond  of  friendship  that  should  exist 
between  employer  and  employee.  In  the 
nature  of  our  positions,  the  individual  interests 


of  employer  and  employe,  trend  in  opposite 
directions — the  interest  of  the  mining  industry 
is  the  concern  of  both,  and  it  is  in  the  interest 
of  both  sides  that  the  arbitration  section  be 
used  only  for  the  settlement  of  honest  dif- 
ference of  opinion,  and  not  be  used  for  the  pur- 
pose of  shifting  responsibility  under  the  con- 
tract. 

The  second  section  is  what  is  known  as 
“The  Continuation  Clause,”  which  reads  as 
follows : 

“It  is  agreed  that  negotiations  for  a new 
contract  shall  commence  thirty  days  prior  to  the 
expiration  of  this  contract.  It  is  further  agreed 
that  if  at  the  end  of  thirty  days  after  the  ex- 
piration of  this  contract,  a completed  contract 
has  not  been  agreed  to,  then  the  disputed  points 
shall  be  submitted  to  the  executive  committee 
of  the  Operators’  Association,  and  an  equal 
! number  of  members  of  the  district  executive 
J boards  of  districts  14,  21  and  25  of  the  United 
j Mine  Workers  of  America.  It  is  further  agreed 
that  if  said  executive  boards  disagree  within 
the  next  thirty  succeeding  days,  then  at  the 
| option  of  either  party  hereto  the  mines  may 
cease  operations. 

“It  is  expressly  understood  and  agreed 
that  during  all  such  negotiations  the  mine 
workers  shall  continue  at  work  and  the  new 
contract  shall  be  retro-active  to  the  expiration 
of  this  contract.” 

AVOIDS  STRIKE. 

The  above  clause  is  intended  to  prevent  n 
recurrence  of  a general  strike  at  the  expiratioa 
of  our  agreement,  and  makes  it  possible  for 
both  sides  to  continue  in  conference  even  after 
the  expiration  of  the  agreement  with  the  as- 
surance that  the  mines  will  continue  in  opera- 
tion. 

In  my  opinion,  the  above  clause  in  our 
contract  will  be  beneficial  to  all  parties  that 
are  affected  by  a strike  in  the  mining  industry, 
and  will  do  much  to  put  the  industry  on  a per- 
manent basis;  it  will  be  especially  beneficial 
to  the  employes  and  their  families  who  suffer 
most  through  a long  drawn  out  strike.  As  our 
agreements  are  based  on  the  competitive  rela- 
tions between  mine  owners,  all  changes  in  the 
contract,  whether  it  be  a raise  in  wages  or  a 
reduction  in  wages,  is  based  on  the  coal  fields 
that  have  a large  production.  In  the  past,  the 
wage  conditions  in  the  fields  east  of  the  Missis- 
sippi river  governed  the  wage  conditions  west 
of  the  river,  owing  to  the  large  tonnage  pro- 
duced, and  their  effort  to  find  a market  for  the 
same.  This  being  true,  it  is  impossible  for  our 
employers  to  bind  themselves  to  a contract  that 
would  last  two  years  until  they  know  the  wages 
that  will  be  paid  east  of  the  river. 

The  continuation  clause  will  keep  the 
miners  of  the  southwest  at  work  until  it  is 
definitely  known  what  settlement  is  made  in 
the  eastern  states,  and  by  so  doing,  will  be 
beneficial  to  all  parties  concerned. 

Very  truly  yours, 

GEORGE  MANUEL, 

Sec’y-Treas.  District  No.  25,  U.  M.  W.  of  A . 


40 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910 , 


STRIKE  OF  GARMENT  WORKERS. 

In  St.  Louis,  1910. 

During  the  women’s  session  which  took  up  one  afternoon  of  the  an- 
nual convention  of  the  Missouri  State  Federation  of  Labor  in  Jefferson  City, 
in  September,  1910,  Miss  Annie  Kahre  of  Garment  Workers  Local  No.  67,  St. 
Louis,  presented  a report  dealing  with  the  strike  of  some,  and  the  locking- 
out  of  other  garment  workers  of  that  city  in  September,  1909.  In  this  disa- 
greement nearly  a thousand  men  and  women  were  more  or  less  affected,  but 
chiefly  the  latter  sex. 

The  document  of  Miss  Kahre,  which  represents  a report  on  the  strike  and 
lock-out  from  Garment  Workers  Union  No.  67,  forms  a part  of  the  regular  pro- 
ceedings of  the  convention  of  the  Missouri  State  Federation  of  Labor.  The 
following  brief  extract  from  this  report  throws  more  light  on  this  trouble. 
The  Tenth  Ward  Improvement  Association  of  St.  Louis,  of  which  Otto  F. 
Karbe  is  president,  and  F.  C.  Frieburg  and  J.  G.  Riefling  secretaries,  adopted 
a resolution  censuring  the  police  department  for  its  actions  in  supplying 
workers  to  take  the  places  of  the  striking  men  and  women. 


EXTRACTS  FROM  REPORT. 


Pants  and  vest  makers  work  54  hours  in 
union  shops  and  in  open  shops,  but  in  the  latter 
if  they  go  over  ten  dollars  per  week  thev  are  in 
danger  of  being  cut.  I speak  from  experience. 
The  high  speed  machines  and  making  machines 
of  the  girls  make  girls  nervous  wrecks  in  eight 
or  ten  years. 

It  has  been  known  in  season  trades  for 
girls  to  work  from  7 a.  m.  until  2 a.  m.,  and  all 
day  Sunday,  for  regular  pay.  This  trade  is 
mostly  piece  work. 

The  sweat  shop  and  prison  labor  are  the 
greatest  drawback  in  the  clothing  trade. 

A little  over  a year  ago  one  firm  locked 
out  all  of  its  employes  and  declared  the  “open 
shop.”  This  the  Garment  Workers  bitterly 
opposed  and  have  consistently  refused  to  en- 
tertain any  proposition  other  than  a strictly 
union  shop.  About  350  women  and  girls  were 
locked  out  of  this  establishment,  and  when  they 
refused  to  go  back  under  open  shop  conditions, 
they  were  blacklisted  in  nearly  every  shop  in 
the  city.  It  was  only  after  five  months,  when 
the  manufacturers  were  in  great  need  of  girls, 
that  this  blacklist  order  was  lifted. 

The  girls  made  many  sacrifices.  Those 
accustomed  to  making  ten  to  sixteen  dollars 
per  week,  went  out  and  worked  for  four  and 
five,  and  now  are  making  four  or  five  less  than 
what  was  their  old  wage.  But  they  stayed  with 
us,  although  they  had  many  flowery  offers  from 
the  firm.  Many  of  the  foreign  girls,  speaking 
no  English  at  all,  refused  to  go  back  and  have 
stuck  to  the  union  to  date. 

During  the  trouble  many  of  our  members, 
both  men  and  women,  were  arrested  and  carried 
to  the  police  station  for  doing  picket  duty, 
although  the  laws  of  Missouri  clearly  state  that 
peaceful  picketing  is  legal.  A still  greater 
offense  was  when  the  1,300  police  of  the  city 


of  ,St.  Louis  were  given  orders  to  supply 
* * * help,  their  instructions  being  to 

send  all  girls  from  sixteen  to  thirty,  out  of 
work  * * *.  This  matter  was  taken 
up  at  once  with  the  Police  Board  by  the 
Garment  Workers  Unions,  the  Central  Trades 
and  Labor  Union  and  the  Women’s  Trade  Union 
League,  with  the  result  that  the  order  was  re- 
cinded. 

They  then  got  out  an  injunction  restrain- 
ing eighty-one  of  the  most  active  members  from 
doing  picket  duty.  This  was  done  with  the  idea 
that  if  left  alone,  the  girls  would  go  back  to 
work.  They  had  misjudged  their  employes, 
for  of  the  350  who  went  out,  not  more  than  60 
have  returned,  and  these  mostly  unskilled 
workmen. 

It  was  as  union  women  that  we  went  out; 
and  as  union  women  we  have  stayed  out,  and 
only  as  union  women  will  we  go  back.  We 
wish  to  thank  the  Women’s  Trade  Union 
League  and  all  of  organized  labor  for  the  moral 
and  financial  support  they  have  given  us.  We 
never  could  have  stayed  out  without  this  sup- 
port, and  with  this  support  we  are  sure  to  win. 
We  hope  the  delegates  present  will  give  this 
matter  all  the  publicity  possible. 

While  the  members  of  Garment  Workers 
Union  No.  67  have,  of  necessity,  given  most  of 
their  time  to  pushing  the  boycott  * * * 

they  have  not  lost  sight  of  the  need  of  a law 
limiting  the  hours  of  work  for  women.  No 
one  knows  better  than  the  members  of  this 
craft  the  evil  effects  of  long  hours,  and  our 
whole  strength  will  be  used  to  have  enacted 
a law  limiting  the  hours  of  work  for  women 
in  the  State  of  Missouri  to  nine  per  day 
Respectfully  submitted, 

GARMENT  WORKERS  UNION  NO.  67 


Initiative  Referendum  and  the  “Recall.” 


41 


CONSTITUTIONAL  AMENDMENTS. 


The  initiative  referendum  constitutional  amendment  which  carried 
Initiative  at  the  general  election  of  November,  1908,  was  made  operative  by  the 
Referendum.passage,  early  in  the  1909  general  session,  of  a law  which  covers  all  pro- 
visions, and  explains  how  it  operates.  It  was  made  a felony  for  any- 
one to  sign  an  initiative  referendum  petition  fraudulently,  or  to  sign  his  name  more 
than  once  for  the  same  measure,  or  to  sign  a petition  when  not  a legal  voter.  This 
law  was  approved  by  Governor  H.  S.  Hadley,  June  12,  1909,  and  is  now  in  operation. 
Under  the  referendum  portion  of  the  amendment,  any  act  passed  by  the  General 
Assembly  can  be  ordered,  by  petition,  to  be  referred  to  the  voters  of  the  State,  and 
if  a majority  of  those  voting  on  the  measure  vote  against  it  the  act  does  not  become 
a law.  On  the  other  hand,  a majority  of  votes  for  an  act  makes  it  a law.  Under 
the  initiative  portion  of  the  amendment  a certain  number  of  legal  voters,  on  petition, 
can  order  the  submission  of  any  proposed  law  to  the  qualified  voters  of  Missouri,  for 
them  to  vote  on  as  to  whether  or  not  it  should  be  added  to  the  statutes  of  Missouri,  a 
majority  vote  of  those  voting  on  the  measure  being  necessary  for  its  passage. 
There  are  eleven  sections  to  the  law  which  makes  the  initiative  referendum  amend- 
ment operative. 

At  the  fall  election  in  1910,  eleven  amendments  to  the  State  Constitution  were 
offered  to  the  voters,  two  of  which  were  under  the  initiative  referendum  act,  but  not 
receiving  the  necessary  majority  all  were  defeated. 

The  “Recall’  Suggested. 

Now  that  the  Initiative  Referendum  Amendment  is  a part  of  Missouri’s 
Constitution,  and  laws  which  provide  for  its  enactment  have  been  passed,  many 
of  the  advocates  of  this  reform  are  devoting  their  spare  time  to  acquainting 
the  people  with  the  workings  of  the  “recall”  problem.  In  the  latter  part  of 
1910  a movement  was  started  to  place  such  an  amendment  of  the  state  consti- 
tution before  the  voters  at  the  next  general  election,  which  will  be  in  Novem- 
ber, 1912.  The  plan  is  to  have  the  State  Assembly  concur  in  a joint  resolution 
providing  for  the  submission  of  such  an  act  to  the  people  for  approval. 

Under  the  “recall”  any  elected  official  guilty  of  misconduct  in  office,  failure 
to  enforce  laws,  or  who  has  brought  discredit  to  the  state,  or  on  the  people, 
or  on  his  office,  could,  by  a majority  vote  of  the  people,  be  removed  from 
office. 


ANNOYANCE  OF  DELAY  IN  REPORTING. 

The  Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics  again  experienced  trouble  in  securing 
Promptness  statistical  information  from  all  labor  organizations  of  Missouri.  About 
Appreciated,  half  promptly  made  returns  when  blanks  were  sent  to  the  secretaries. 

A second  blank,  which  was  sent  out,  brought  in  more  returns,  leaving 
probably  about  two-fifths  of  the  unions  unaccounted  for.  Special  agents  of  the 
Bureau  gathered  in,  after  much  traveling  and  at  a considerable  expense,  many  of 
the  missing  reports,  leaving  probably  thirty  unions  on  the  delinquent  list,  because 
their  secretaries  could  not  be  found  at  home.  Blanks  were  again  sent  to  these,  bring- 
ing in  probably  a dozen  more  reports.  As  a last  resort,  the  figures  of  1908  had  to  be 
used  for  such  unions  which  had  failed  to  make  a return  for  1909. 

At  the  Joplin  convention  of  the  Missouri  State  Federation  of  Labor  the  question 
of  secretaries  failing  to  report  promptly  to  the  Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics,  received 
attention.  The  following  resolution  covering  this  point  was  offered  by  Delegates 
J.  W.  LaFever,  William  Holman,  E.  Uhls,  Roy  Rice  and  W.  L.  Wilmarth,  and  was 
concurred  in: 


42 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


Realizing  that  the  State  Labor  Bureau  was 
instituted  for  the  purpose  of  assisting  labor,  and 
believing  that  labor  unions  should  do  all  in 
their  power  to  expedite  the  work  of  this  bureau, 
and 

Whereas,  it  has  come  to  the  notice  of  this 
convention  that  some  secretaries  throughout 
the  State  are  negligent  in  not  furnishing  infor- 
mation requested  by  the  Chief  of  the  Labor 
Bureau  of  the  State,  and, 

Whereas,  the  work  of  said  bureau  is  thereby 
hampered;  therefore,  be  it 

Resolved,  By  this  convention,  that  the 
secretaries  of  every  union  affiliated  with  Fed- 
eration is  hereby  requested,  when  receiving 
interrogations  or  blanks  of  any  kind  from  the 
State  Labor  Bureau,  to  promptly  furnish  the 


information  requested,  to  the  end  that  the  work 
of  the  bureau  may  be  expedited. 

The  wording  of  this  preamble  and  resolu- 
tion is  similar  to  an  expression  adopted  by  the 
Seventeenth  Annual  Convention  of  this  Fed- 
eration, and  your  committee,  therefore,  recom- 
mends that  we  reaffirm  the  action  of  that  con- 
vention, as  expressed  in  the  resolution  adopted 
at  that  time,  reading  as  follows: 

Resolved,  By  this  convention,  that  the  sec- 
retaries of  every  union  affiliated  with  this  Fed- 
eration are  hereby  requested,  when  receiving 
interrogations  or  blanks  of  any  kind  from  the 
State  Labor  Bureau,  to  promptly  furnish  the 
information  requested,  to  the  end  that  the  work 
of  the  bureau  may  be  expedited. 


For  the  year  1909,  each  union  secretary  of  the  State  was  sent,  on  March 
Collecting  1, 1910,  a blank  schedule,  identical  with  the  one  of  1908,  containing  in  all 
Labor  fifty-three  questions,  which  practically  covered  every  subject  in  which 
Statistics.  union  labor  is  directly  interested. 

The  following  self-explanatory  letter  accompanied  each  such  printed  request 
for  statistical  information ; 


March  1,  1910. 

To  the  Secretary — The  law  creating  the  Bu- 
reau of  Labor  Statistics  makes  it  the  duty  of  the 
Labor  Commissioner  to  “collect,  assort,  sys- 
tematize and  present  in  annual  report  to  the 
Governor,  to  be  by  him  transmitted  biennially 
to  the  General  Assembly,  statistical  details  and 
information  relating  to  all  the  departments  of 
labor  in  the  State.” 

(Part  of  Section  10074,  Chapter  161,  R.  S. 

Mo.) 

It  is  the  desire  of  the  Bureau,  through  the 
inquiries  in  the  attached  blank,  to  obtain  such 
information  as  will  enable  it  to  make  a complete 
report  on  the  economic  conditions  and  extent 
of  labor  organizations  in  this  State.  In  order 
to  make  a successful  and  complete  showing,  it 
is  essential  that  each  organization  should  con- 
cur in  the  effort  and  contribute  from  its  own 


experience  and  records  the  data  necessary  to 
make  an  intelligent  and  complete  exhibit  of  its 
condition. 

One  of  the  objects  and  purposes  of  this 
Bureau,  as  interpreted  by  the  Commissioner,  is 
to  present,  through  statistics  the  true  condition 
of  the  wage  earner,  that  his  interests  may  be 
better  protected  and  promoted  through  legisla- 
tion. That  this  may  be  done  fully  and  con- 
scientiously it  is  essential  that  each  organization 
contribute  its  part  in  this  work  by  having  the 
attached  blank  filled  out  and  returned  to  this 
bureau  promptly. 

Thanking  you  in  advance  for  this  informa- 
tion, I am, 

Respectfully  yours, 

J.  C.  A.  HILLER, 

Commissioner. 


The  blank  schedules  sent  to  the  secretaries  of  the  unions  of  Mis- 
Arrangement  of  souri  contained  52  questions,  all  necessary  to  fully  cover  all  in- 
Information.  tentions,  benefits  and  advantages  of  organization.  On  the  answers 
received,  the  statistical  tables  which  follow,  were  prepared.  In  all,  eight  tables  are 
necessary  to  handle  the  statistical  information  which  was  furnished  in  1910  for  1909. 
The  arrangement  is  as  follows,  each  local  reporting  being  considered  by  itself: 

Table  1 — Location  and  schedule  number  of  “local”;  trade  or  occupation 
of  “local”;  name  and  number  of  local  organization- national  or  international 
organization  with  which  the  local  organization  is  affiliated;  the  year  in  which 
“local”  was  organized;  year  in  which  “local”  was  incorporated. 

Table  2 — Location  and  schedule  number  of  each  local;  membership 
December  31,  1909;  increase  or  decrease;  per  cent  of  trade  organized  locally; 
number  of  hours  constituting  a day’s  work  in  1909;  standard  wages  estab- 
lished by  local  during  1909. 

Table  3 — Location  and  schedule  number;  increase  or  decrease  in  wages 
per  hour,  day,  week,  month,  ton,  mile,  and  for  piece  work,  for  1909,  as  com- 
pared with  1908. 

Table  4 — Location  and  schedule  number;  average  number  of  days  em- 
ployed in  1909;  organizations  reporting  more  or  less  work  in  1909.  as  com- 
pared with  1908;  regular  hours  per  day  except  Saturday;  hours  worked  Sat- 
urday; per  cent  of  members  unemployed  and  cause  of  non-employment. 

Table  6 — Location  and  schedule  number;  amount  per  week  “out-of- 
work  benefit,”  “strike  benefit,”  “sick  and  accident  benefit,”  “death  and 
funeral  benefit:”  amount  paid  during  1909  from  each  fund;  total  amount 
paid  from  all  benefit  funds  during  1909;  number  of  strikes  and  lockouts 
during  1909;  number  of  strikes  settled  satisfactorily  during  1909.  > 


Statistical  Arrangement  of  Reports. 


43 


Table  6 — Location  and  schedule  number;  number  strikes  compromised 
in  1909;  number  strikes  lost;  number  days’  duration  of  strikes;  total  number 
persons  involved  in  strikes;  cause  of  strikes  or  lockouts;  number  persons 
directly  benefited  by  strikes  in  1909;  number  persons  worsted  by  strikes  in 
1909;  total  amount  expended  by  organizations  in  support  of  strikes  during 
1909. 

Table  7 — Location  and  schedule  number;  amount  of  wages  lost  to 
members  through  strikes  in  1909;  gains  in  wages  per  day;  gain  in  reduction 
of  hours  per  day;  number  of  times  organization  has  appealed  for  arbitration; 
number  of  disputes  settled  by  State  and  voluntary  boards  of  arbitration; 
results  of  arbitration. 

Table  8 — Location  and  schedule  number;  number  of  fatal  accidents  in 
1909;  number  of  non-fatal  accidents;  total  number  of  accidents  during  1909; 
number  of  organizations  having  agreements  with  employers;  per  cent  of 
members  working  under  agreements:  specific  points  covered  by  agreements; 
number  of  years  for  which  agreements  are  made. 


SOME  GOOD  WORK. 

Splendid  work  in  gathering  labor  union  reports  and  compiling 
To  Whom  Credit  the  same  was  done  by  Mr.  C.  O.  Cornelius  of  St.  Joseph,  Mo., 
is  Due.  Special  Agent  of  the  Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics.  For  St.  Louis, 
the  statistical  information  was  gathered  by  Mr.  John  S.  White, 
Superintendent  of  the  Free  Employment  Bureau  of  that  city.  Most  of  his  work  was 
done  after  hours,  in  the  evenings,  which  time  is  better  suited  for  finding  the  local  secre- 
taries, either  at  home,  or  in  the  meeting  hall.  Through  his  untiring  and  energetic 
efforts  St.  Louis  is  completely  covered  for  the  year  1909. 

In  Kansas  City  the  work  of  gathering  the  information  from  the  locals  was  done 
by  Mr.  K.  F.  Schweizer,  the  Superintendent  of  the  State  Free  Employment  Bureau 
of  that  city.  He  also  found  it  necessary  to  do  most  of  that  work  after  office  hours 
for  the  reasons  already  given,  but  cheerfully  and  enthusiastically  performed  that 
task  with  the  result  that  organized  labor  of  Kansas  City  is  entirely  covered  for  1909. 

The  labor  organizations  of  St.  Louis  are  treated  with  first,  in  the 
Division  of  following  detail  tables,  as  the  bulk  of  the  membership  of  the  state 

the  Tables.  is  found  there.  Kansas  City,  the  second  most  populous  center, 

is  taken  up  next,  and  St.  Joseph  third.  Then  come  the  com- 
pilations for  the  labor  unions  of  other  cities  and  towns,  all  given  in  alphabetical  or- 
der of  the  communities  to  which  they  belong.  The  record  number  for  each  organ- 
ization, as  given  in  table  1,  is  the  cue  by  which  all  other  information  for  any  par- 
ticular union  can  be  found  in  the  other  tables.  Where  such  a record  is  missing  in 
any  table  it  means  that  the  secretary  of  the  union  in  question  had  no  information  of 
the  kind  wanted,  to  impart  for  his  organization,  or  that  he  failed  to  furnish  it. 

A.  T.  EDMONSTON, 

Supervising  Statistician. 


44 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


ORGANIZED  LABOR  OF  ST.  LOUIS,  1909-10. 


AN  ARMY  OF  40,710,  TOILING  FOR  A MUTUAL  CAUSE. 


St  Louis  is  the  Missouri  Gibraltar  of  organized  labor,  the  member- 
increase  in  ship  there  totaling  up  to  40,710  men  and  women,  all  pledged  to 

Organized  a common  cause  and  striving  hard,  week  in  and  week  out,  to  better 

Working  Women,  the  conditions  under  which  they  must  toil  for  a living. 

There  are  nearly  6,600  more  union  men  and  women  in  St.  Louis  than  there  are  in 
the  balance  of  the  State  put  together,  and  this  includes  Kansas  City  and  St.  Joseph 
— all  of  which  combined  outside  membership  is  34,155. 

While  a slight  falling  off  occured  in  the  male  membership  of  St.  Louis,  better 
organization  than  ever  is  reported  among  working  women,  the  rolls,  on  January  1, 
1910,  showing  2,004  names  as  compared  with  1,199  for  1908  and  1,235  for  1907. 
This  gain,  which  amounts  to  804,  is  worth  calling  particular  attention  to  because 
it  means  that  many  more  women  are  working  under  better  conditions  and  sur- 
roundings, than  was  the  case  a year  before.  Shorter  hours  and  better  pay  is  what 
they  gained  by  joining  a union,  not  to  mention  other  advantages  worth  securing. 

In  organization  of  the  different  trades  there  was  a slight  gain  over  the  same 
for  1908,  the  percentage  being  75.44%  as  compared  with  75.4%  for  the  preceding 
year.  A slight  reduction  in  hours  was  also  noticed,  the  average  being  8.87  hours  a 
day  against  8.92  for  1908  and  9.00  for  1907. 

Gain  in  Average  Wages. 

The  best  feature  of  all  is  that  there  was  a general  gain  in  wages,  over  1908  the 
average  per  hour  being  42.45  cents,  as  compared  with  39.59  cents  for  the  preceding 
year  and  38.12  cents  for  1907.  The  higher  cost  of  living  made  an  increase  absolutely 
necessary  but  had  it  not  been  for  organization,  the  gain  would  have  been  very  slight. 
The  average  number  of  days  of  employment  increased  from  265  days  to  271,  which 
means  that  each  union  worker  in  1909  earned,  on  the  average,  $20.38  more  than 
in  1908.  For  40,710  workers  this  means  a gain  in  wages,  in  one  year,  of  $829,670, 
solely  due  to  six  days  more  of  regular  work. 

In  all  82  locals  reported  “more  work”,  which  means  that  their  members  are 
the  ones  between  whom  this  gain  of  $829,670  in  wages  was  divided.  Seventy-nine 
locals  state  that  they  had  as  much  work  as  in  1908,  and  only  twelve  had  “less  work”. 

Out  of  the  199  unions  which  are  included  in  this  treatise,  154  give  information 
to  the  effect  that  they  pay  “strike  benefits”  in  case  of  trouble  of  that  kind.  In  1909 
$3,954  was  paid  out  as  strike  benefits.”  The  average  weekly  payment  to  each 
striker  was  $5.95.  This  is  out  of  their  own  regular  funds  and  does  not  include 
donations,  etc.,  from  other  unions. 

As  to  “sick  and  accident  benefits”  69  locals  have  such  an  obligation  to  dis- 
charge when  misfortune  of  this  class  overtakes  their  members.  The  average  weekly 
benefit  is  $4.91.  The  amount  paid  out  in  1909  was  $17,727.  In  all,  139  locals  pay 
“death  benefits,”  averaging  $226.79  for  each  demise.  In  1909  $60,995  was  paid 
out  for  this  purpose. 


Organized  Labor , St.  Louis,  1909-10. 


45 


LABOR  TROUBLES,  1909. 

Thirty  unions  of  St.  Louis  were  in  conflict — more  or  less  serious — in  1909 
Strikes,  with  employers,  but  this  statement  does  not  mean  that  there  were  that 
Lockouts,  many  disagreements,  as  two  or  three  locals  were  involved  in  some  of  the 
trouble.  By  crafts,  there  were  strikes  or  lockouts — some  very  small — 
among  the  book  binders  and  bindery  workers,  brewery  workers,  bricklayers,  coopers, 
cigarmakers,  electrical  workers,  stationary  engineers  and  firemen,  garment  workers, 
granite  cutters,  glass  workers,  marble  workers,  pattern  makers,  pressmen,  and 
roofers. 

On  January  1,  1910,  thirteen  of  the  unions  had  satisfactorily  settled  their  dis- 
agreements, three  had  compromised,  one  had  lost  and  thirteen  others  were  either 
still  “out”  or  were  negotiating  for  a favorable  adjustment.  No  1910  walkouts  or 
lockouts  are  included. 

In  these  disagreements  2,194  men  and  women  were  involved  as  compared  with 
3,922  for  1908  and  6,333  for  1907.  In  other  words,  the  strikes  and  lockouts  were 
not  as  widespread  and  serious  as  had  been  the  case,  either  in  1908  or  1907. 

Neither  were  the  troubles  of  1909  as  costly  in  the  loss  of  wages  nor  general  dis- 
bursements, when  both  items  are  combined,  as  in  previous  years.  In  wages  8104,062 
was  lost,  against  864,543.28  for  1908  and  8133,802  in  1907.  The  cost  of  strikes 
and  lockouts  for  the  three  years  was:  1909,  841,644;  1908,  8144,492;  1907,  8121,- 
776.27. 

Organized  labor — that  portion  which  reported  for  1909 — gives  a total 
Accidents,  of  455  accidents  as  occuring  in  those  twelve  months.  Of  these  34  proved 
fatal.  The  figures  for  1908  and  1907  will  be  found  in  the  summary 
which  follows. 

Of  the  199  locals  considered  here  152  had  agreements  and  contracts  with  their  em- 
ployers, extending  from  one  to  five  years  on  wages,  and  covering  daily  time  and  other 
vital  points.  In  all,  97.43  per  cent,  of  the  membership  of  all  locals,  were  working 
under  agreements  and  contracts. 


SUMMARY  OF  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS  IN  ST.  LOUIS,  1909,  1908,  1907. 


Subject. 

1909. 

1908. 

1907. 

Total  number  of  organizations  reporting 

199 

204 

209 

“ “ male  members  Jan.  1,  1910 

“ “ “ female  members  “ “ “ 

“ “ “ members “ “ “ — 9 — 8.... 

“ “ “ “ Jan.  1 1910 

38 , 706 
2,004 

39,697 

1,199 

40,415 

1,235 

40,710 

40,896 

40,710 

186 

41,650 

Decrease  in  membership,  1909  over  1908 

Average  per  cent  of  trade  organized 

“ number  of  hours  constituting  a day’s  work 

Established  wage  rate  in  cents  per  hour 

75.44 
8.87 

42.45 

75.4 

8.92 

39.59 

77.6 

9.00 

38.12 

Average  number  of  days  employed 

Number  of  organizations  reporting  “more”  work 

“ “less”  work 

“ “ “ “ “same”  work 

271 

82 

12 

79 

265 

23 

71 

270 

14 

86 

“ “ “ paying  “out-of-work”  benefit 

Average  amount  per  week  “out-of-work”  benefit 

8 

$3.25 

$3,760 

154 

$5.95 

$3,954 

69 

$4.91 

$17,727 

139 

$226.79 

$60,995 

$86,436 

15 

6 

Total  amount  of  “out-of-work”  benefit  paid 

Number  of  organizations  paying  “strike”  benefit 

Average  amount  per  week  “strike”  benefit 

Total  amount  paid  1909  “strike”  benefit 

$6,759.50 

128 

$6.06 

$1,896.68 

148 

$5.8fi 

Number  of  organizations  paying  “sick  and  accident” 
benefit 

58 

$5.24 

$19,124.92 

133 

$167.19 

$57,328 

$105,534.67 

56 

$5.12 

$36,227.80 

143 

$171.76 

$77,909 

$202,600.98 

Average  amount  per  week  “sick  and  accident”  benefit 

Total  amount  of  “sick  and  accident”  benefit  paid 

Number  of  organizations  paying  “death”  benefit 

Average  amount  of  “death”  benefit  paid  per  member. . . . 

Total  amount  of  “death”  benefit  paid 

“ “ paid  from  all  benefit  funds 

46 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


SUMMARY  OF  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS,  ST.  LOUIS,  1909,  1908,  1907— Continued. 


1909. 

1908. 

1907. 

Total  number  of  locals  involved  in  strikes 

17 

12 

91 

“ “ “ “ “ lockouts 

13 

4 

4 

“ “ “ adjusting  strikes  and  lockouts  sat- 

isfactorily 

13 

12 

56 

“ “ “ compromising  strikes  and  lockouts  \ 

satisfactorily J 

3 

2 

16 

“ “ “ reporting  strikes  and  lockouts  lost . . 

1 

19 

“ “ “ “ still 

pending 

13 

2 

4 

Number  of  persons  involved  in  strikes  and  lockouts 

2,194 

3,922 

6,333 

“ “ “ benefited  by  “ “ “ 

1,971 

1,050 

5,079 

“ “ “ worsted  by  “ “ “ 

6 

210 

701 

Total  amount  expended  in  support  of  strikes  and  lockouts 

$41,644 

$144,492.00 

$121,776.27 

“ wages  lost  to  members  through  strikes  and 

lockouts 

$104,062 

$64,543.28 

$133,802 

Number  of  organizations  reporting  increase  in  wages.  . . . 

19 

10 

17 

“ “ “ “ gained  by  strike  } 

7 

“ “ reduction  in  hours  per 

day  . . 

1 

1 

! 

“ “ appeals  for  arbitration 

3 

16 

4 

“ “ disputes  settled  by  arbitration 

3 

15 

10 

“ “ fatal  accidents 

34 

26 

40 

“ “ non-fatal  accidents 

421 

287 

364 

Total  number  of  accidents 

455 

313 

404 

Number  of  organizations  reporting  agreements  with  em- 

ployers  

152 

122 

121 

Average  per  cent  of  all  trades  working  under  an  agreement 

97.43 

IN  A FLOURISHING  CONDITION. 

UNIONS  WHICH  ARE  PROSPERING. 

Typographia  No.  8 has  the  proud  distinction  of  being,  on  January  1, 
Largest  1910,  the  largest  labor  organization,  not  alone  in  St.  Louis,  but  also 
Membership,  in  the  State  of  Missouri.  Its  membership  then  was  1,190,  of  whom 
35  were  women;  all  workin'g  eight  hours  a day  under  a scale  of  38  cents 
and  upward  per  hour.  Ninety  per  cent  of  the  craft  was  organized.  For  Typographia 
No.  3 the  scale  was  60  cents  an  hour.  No.  8 was  organized  in  1856  and  therefore 
is  one  of  the  oldest  locals  in  St.  Louis.  No.  3 started  in  1873.  An  increase  in  mem- 
bership of  58  is  reported  by  No.  8. 

Bottlers,  No.  187. — The  brewery  workers  of  St.  Louis  are  well  and  strongly 
organized  and  are  on  the  best  of  terms  with  their  employers,  working  about  eight 
hours  a day  and  with  a scale  of  wages  perfectly  satisfactory  to  both  sides.  Especially 
is  this  the  case  with  Bottlers’  local  No.  187,  which  has  the  second  best  membership 
of  any  organization  of  St.  Louis.  On  January  1,  1910,  it  had  1,100  active  workers 
enjoying  eight  hours  a day  and  drawing  25  cents  and  hour.  The  organization  was 
100  per  cent.  There  had  been  a loss  in  members  during  the  year  because  of  the 
introduction  of  some  new  machinery  which  now  does  the  work  formerly  performed 
manually.  These  unfortunates,  however,  quickly  found  employment  in  other  lines. 

Telegraphers,  No.  31. — Missouri  Pacific  division,  telegraphers,  is  another  St. 
Louis  organization  with  a large  membership.  On  January  1,  1910,  there  were  1,050 
names,  all  in  good  standing,  on  the  rolls,  divided  between  1,035  male  operators  and 
15  female.  There  was  a gain  of  122  members  over  the  preceding  year.  The  or- 
ganization of  the  craft  was  80  per  cent.  The  daily  time  was  9 and  11  hours,  and 


Organized  Labor,  St.  Louis,  1909-10. 


47 


the  scale  $55  a month.  This  organization  has  strike  benefits,  and  also  death  insurance 
in  the  sums  of  $300,  $500  and  $1,000,  graduated  according  to  the  amount  paid  in 
monthly  by  the  members.  No  disagreements  with  employers  are  reported  for  1909. 

Local  No.  2 of  the  Order  of  Railroad  Telegraphers,  Division  2,  which  was  or- 
ganized in  1900,  is  also  a large  local,  having  850  male  members  and  50  female,  accord- 
ing to  the  report  made  by  its  Secretary,  J.  W.  LaFever.  He  gives  the  increase  as 
50  members  and  the  decrease  as  15,  making  a net  gain  of  35.  The  decrease  was  due 
to  members  forsaking  the  profession  for  some  other  calling  and  therefore  does  not 
effect  the  per  cent  of  organization  of  this  craft.  The  daily  hours  range  from  8 to  12. 
The  pay  is  $55  per  month. 


Many  Other  Large  Locals. 

There  are  35  locals,  among  those  reporting,  which  had  a membership  of  over 
300,  in  good  standing,  at  the  commencement  of  the  present  year.  They  are  as 
follows,  together  with  the  number  of  names  on  their  rolls: 


Bakers’  No.  4,  350  members. 

Bookbinders’  No.  55,  600  members. 
Bricklayers’  No.  1,  668  members. 

Stone  Masons’  No.  19,  618  members. 
Carpenters’  No.  47,  306  members. 

Barbers’  No.  102,  472  members. 

Boot  and  shoe  workers’  No.  25,  406  members. 
Bricklayers’  No.  2,  385  members. 

Carpenters’  No.  5,  329  members. 

Carpenters’  No.  73,  676  members. 

Bartenders’  No.  51,  575  members. 

Brewery  Drivers’  No.  43,  630  members. 
Bricklayers’  No.  3,  418  members. 

Carpenters’  No.  45,  394  members. 

Carpenters’  No.  257,  434  members. 
Carpenters’  No.  578,  320  members. 
Cigarmakers’  No.  44,  940  and  13  members. 
Hod  Carriers’  No.  3,  600  members. 


Metal  Workers’  No.  247,  350  members. 
Painters’  No.  46,  390  members. 

Plumbers’  No.  35,  360  members. 

Tailors’  No.  11,  333  members. 

Cabinet  Makers’  No.  1,  596,  308  members. 
Electrical  Workers’  No.  1,  332  members. 

Iron  Workers’  No.  18,  575  members. 
Moulders’  No.  10,  325  members. 

Painters’  No.  341,  350  members. 

Pressmen  No.  6,  310  members. 

Waiters’  No.  20,  350  members. 

Cement  Workers’  No.  22,  300  members. 
Electrical  Workers  No.  3,  400  members. 
Machinists  Progressive  No.  41,  465  members. 
Musicians’  No.  2.  730  members. 

Plasterers’  No.  3,  410  members. 

Pressfeeders’  No.  43,  410  members. 


MANY  WORKERS  HAVE  AN  8-HOUR  DAY. 

While  the  average  time  for  organized  labor  is  8.87  hours  a day, 
Daily  Hours,  there  are  94  locals  in  St.  Louis  whose  members  only  worked  8 hours 
Wages,  a day.  In  addition  there  were  45  with  9 hours;  47  with  10  hours; 

three  with  11  hours;  two  with  12  hours,  and  one  with  13  hours  a day. 
One  local  had  a schedule  of  84  hours  a day.  The  highest  wages  per  hour  were  paid 
to  the  plasterers,  who  received  75  cents.  Then  came  bricklayers  with  70  cents  an 
hour;  stone  masons,  65  cents;  carpenters,  60  cents;  electrical  workers,  6.5  cents; 
cement  workers,  60  cents;  engineers,  624  cents;  ironworkers  and  lathers,  624  cents; 
painters  60  and  624  cents;  pipe  coverers,  624  cents;  plumbers,  664  cents;  machine 
operators,  printers,  60  cents;  roofers,  624  cents;  steamfitters,  68f  cents;  tuck  pointers, 
60  cents.  Union  cooks  drew  $25  a week,  flat.  Some  engineers  were  paid  $90  a 
month,  straight. 


Labor  Disagreements  of  1909. 

On  January  the  23, 1909,  according  to  the  report  made  by  A.  P.  Sovey, 
Strikes  and  Secretary  of  Bookbinders  Union  No.  18,  six  members  of  that  organiza- 
Lockouts.  tion  disagreed  with  their  employer  because  he  wanted  to  turn  his 
establishment  into  an  open  shop,  on  a nine  hour  basis.  These  union 
binders  were  given  the  choice  of  working  under  these  conditions  or  walking  out. 
Women  were  put  to  work  to  perform  duties  hithertofore  considered  strictly  mas- 


48 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


culine.  A walkout  occurred,  ten  experienced  bindery  women  joining  the  men  in 
this  strike.  This  disagreement  is  still  on,  January  1,  1910. 

Seven  members — all  females — of  Binding  Women’s  Union  No.  55  were  involved 
in  one  strike  and  two  lockouts  in  course  of  the  year.  The  last  was  still  on  at  the 
beginning  of  the  year  after  a duration  of  six  months.  Unfair  conditions  and  ob- 
jections to  organizing  all  workers,  were  given  as  the  causes. 

A “walkout”  on  the  part  of  45  bricklayers  occured  because  of  a failure  of  con- 
tractors to  grant  an  increase  in  wages.  An  agreement,  as  far  as  these  contractors 
is  concerned,  never  was  reached.  The  bricklayers  went  to  work  elsewhere. 

Carpenters  of  Kirkwood  (in  the  county)  had  a disagreement  with  a contractor 
because  he  insisted  on  an  “open  shop”  and  would  not  pay  the  union  scale  of  wages. 
About  fifteen  carpenters  were  involved.  No  agreement  was  reached,  according 
to  the  report  on  the  trouble. 

The  Cigarmakers  of  Local  44  were  in  a lockout  lasting  ten  days  because  of  a 
protest  against  the  condition  of  stock  which  was  furnished  them  to  work  with  in  a 
small  shop. 

Of  Machine  Coopers  Local  No.  10,  35  members  were  in  a strike  of  six  weeks 
duration  because  of  a reduction  in  wages.  The  trouble  was  finally  satisfactorily 
settled. 

Electrical  Workers  No.  3,  had  a disagreement  with  some  of  their  employers 
because  of  a refusal  to  pay  the  scale.  A “walkout”  of  150  occured.  The  strike 
lasted  three  days  and  was  then  settled  by  an  increase  of  25  cents  a day  for  each 
worker. 

A demand  for  an  increase  of  wages  on  the  part  of  two  stationary  engineers,  both 
members  of  Local  No.  2,  and  a refusal  to  grant  the  same  caused  them  to  leave 
their  work.  They  were  out  45  days  before  a settlement  was  reached. 

A reduction  in  wages  of  two  firemen  of  Local  No.  6 caused  them  to  refuse  to 
longer  toil.  It  took  five  weeks  for  a favorable  adjustment  of  the  trouble. 

Strike  of  the  Garment  Workers. 

The  most  serious  disagreement  of  the  year  was  the  one  some  of  the  garments 
workers,  cutters  and  trimmers  had  with  their  employers.  The  returns  to  this  bureau 
on  this  trouble  indicate  that  nearly  1,000  union  workers,  chiefly  women,  were  involved 
in  this  disagreement,  which  was  caused  by  an  attempt  to  run  open  shops.  The  strike 
was  still  on  November  1,  1910,  after  having  lasted  a year  for  some  members.  Up  to 
that  time  the  “walkout”  had  cost  about  $40,000  in  wages.  Further  particulars 
are  given  elsewhere. 

An  “open  shop”  being  declared  caused  some  ornamental  glass  workers  to  dis- 
agree with  their  employers.  They  were  locked  out.  No  agreement  is  reported. 

Six  granite  cutters  participated  in  a strike  which  lasted  ten  days  before  there 
was  an  agreement. 

A demand  for  an  increase  in  wages  and  a refusal  to  grant  the  same  caused  100 
marble  workers  to  quit  working.  After  $3,350  had  been  lost  in  wages  and  the  differ- 
ence had  extended  over  ten  days  a settlement  was  effected  which  gave  the  strikers  an 
increase  of  50  cents  a day,  or  $3  a week. 

Pattern  Makers  Walkout. 

It  took  24  pattern  makers,  members  of  Local  No.  1,  five  days  to  gain  an  increase 
of  63  cents  in  wages  a day.  They  walked  out  and  finally  won. 

An  attempt  of  an  employer  to  reduce  the  wages  and  increase  the  working  hours 
for  three  pressmen,  members  of  Local  No.  6,  caused  them  to  strenuously  object,  and 
they  were  locked  out.  After  holding  out  three  months,  expending  $165  and  losing 
$120  in  wages,  the  “lock  out”  is  reported  as  having  been  lost. 


Organized  Labor,  St.  Louis,  1909-10. 


49 


It  took  a “strike”  of  eleven  days  on  the  part  of  225  members  of  of  Local  No.  1 
of  the  composition  roofers  to  gain  an  increase  of  40  cents  a day.  In  accomplishing 
this  increase  $500  was  spent.  The  amount  in  wages  which  was  lost  in  the  eleven 
days  is  not  reported. 

A decrease  in  wages  caused  32  tailors,  all  belonging  to  No.  11,  to  leave  off  work- 
ing. After  four  weeks  they  won  the  contest  and  thereby  benefited  118  members. 
They  lost  in  wages  $415,  and  in  addition  expended  $400. 


CENTRAL  TRADES  AND  LABOR  UNION. 

The  Central  Trades  and  Labor  Union  of  St.  Louis  is  made  up  of  representatives 
from  every  labor  organization  of  any  consequence  in  the  city  of  St.  Louis.  It  meets 
every  Sunday. 

Among  the  prominent  delegates  of  this  central  body  are  James  C.  Shanessy, 
E.  G.  Bouton  of  Hatter’s  Union  No.  21;  A.  J.  Louiviot,  Conrad  Scott  of  Waiters 
Union  No.  30;  James  B.  Conroy  of  Firemens  Union  No.  6,  Wm.  Kemp  of  Painters 
Union  No.  115,  Martin  C.  Seeger,  James  McDonough,  Otto  Kaemmerer  of  Cutters 
Local  No.  26. 

One  of  the  recently  organized  locals  of  St.  Louis  is  made  up  of  moving  picture 
operators.  On  January  1,  1910,  it  had  a membership  of  62.  This  body  was  formed 
in  1907,  and  is  known  as  Local  143.  Its  1910  delegates  to  the  Central  Trades  and 
Labor  Union  are:  C.  Cline,  F.  Bieri  and  W.  Johnson.  The  daily  time  is  9 hours, 
and  the  scale  pay  $20  a week  for  every  operator. 

The  automobile  chauffeurs  of  St.  Louis  have  recently  organized  a union  and  its 
delegates  have  been  admitted  into  the  Central  Trades  and  Labor  Unions.  A button 
has  been  adopted  by  this  local  and  all  members  are  wearing  it. 

At  a recent  meeting  of  the  Central  Trades  and  Labor  Union,  held  in  November, 
1910,  a resolution  was  adopted  opposing  the  formation  of  school  boy  rifle  clubs  in 
the  public  schools  of  St.  Louis,  under  the  auspices  of  either  the  United  States  army 
or  navy  or  the  State  militia.  It  was  ordered  that  a copy  of  this  resolution,  which 
was  submitted  by  Delegate  Otto  Kammerer  of  Cutters  local  No.  26,  be  sent  to  the 
Board  of  Education  of  St.  Louis.  It  was  also  resolved  that  the  Legislation  Com- 
mittee of  the  Central  Body  make  it  their  business  to  do  all  within  their  power  to 
oppose  the  formation  of  any  and  all  such  rifle  clubs  in  the  St  Louis  public  schools. 


LABOR  DAY  IN  ST.  LOUIS. 

and 

Early  History  of  the  Central  Trades  and  Labor  Union. 

Labor  Day,  which  is  now  a State  holiday,  and  falls  on  the  first  Monday 
Now  a in  September,  is  appropriately  celebrated  in  St.  Louis  every  year;  generally 
Legal  with  a parade  of  members  of  organized  labor,  through  the  principal 
Holiday,  thoroughfares  of  the  city,  and  always  with  festivities  at  one  of  the  larger 
gardens  or  parks. 

If  the  weather  is  favorable,  from  fifty  to  a hundred  thousand  people  take  part 
in  this  out-door  celebration.  The  program  rendered  during  the  day  is  always  full 
of  interesting  features,  being  made  up  of  athletic  contests  of  various  kinds,  much 
oratory,  dancing  and  music,  and  closing  in  the  evening  with  a grand  pyrotechnical 
display. 


O L — 4 


50 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


As  far  as  can  be  traced  back,  the  cigar  makers  of  St.  Louis  were  the  first  to  celebrate 
Labor  Day.  This  was  on  Monday,  September  6,  1887,  when,  after  a parade  they 
had  a picnic  at  Concordia  Park  in  St.  Louis. 

The  conditions  which  led  up  to  organizing  the  Central  Trades  and  Labor  Union 
and  selecting  the  first  Monday  in  September  as  Labor  Day,  and  having  it  made  a 
State  holiday,  are  as  follows: 

Recalls  the  Great  Southwest  Strike. 


Previous  to  the  great  southwest  strike  of 
1886,  the  Knights  of  Labor  controlled  the  or- 
ganized labor  movement  in  St.  Louis.  On  the 
breaking  out  of  the  strike  in  March,  1886,  Dis- 
trict 17  was  accredited  with  about  20,000  mem- 
bers. The  executive  board  that  managed  the 
affairs  of  the  district  was  composed  of  M.  A. 
Sullivan  of  East  St.  Louis  as  Master  Workman; 
Casper  Heep  as  Secretary;  Geo.  Bonney  as 
Treasurer;  Thomas  Stanton  and  John  Samuels. 

At  the  election  of  July,  1886,  a new  board 
was  elected,  composed  of  Stephen  Ryan,  Master 
Workman;  John  B.  Dempsey,  Secretary;  Ter- 
rance Killcullen,  Treasurer;  John  Berghorn, 
Owen  Miller  and  John  Ryan.  The  new  execu- 
tive board  under  the  leadership  of  Master  Work- 
man Ryan  made  strenuous  efforts  to  restore 
confidence,  and  hold  the  organization  together, 
but  just  then  the  General  Executive  Board  in- 
sisted on  carrying  on  the  war  of  extermination 
against  the  Cigarmakers  International  Union  in- 
augurated at  the  Richmond  General  Assembly. 
This  action  caused  many  trades  unions, 
who  were  jealous  of  their  own  autonomy,  to 
either  withdraw  from  the  order,  or  through 
lack  of  interest  allow  their  charters  to  lapse. 
The  local  movement  gathered  around  the 
Central  Labor  Union  and  the  Trades  Assembly, 
two  separate  central  bodies  with  the  same  ob- 
ject and  about  the  same  material.  The  former 
met  at  Central  Turner  Hall,  and  the  latter  at 
the  old  Armory.  About  the  only  difference 
between  the  two  bodies  was  that  the  Central 
Labor  Union  had  no  permanent  chairman,  one 
being  elected  at  each  meeting;  and  the  Trades 
Assembly  had  a permanent  chairman.  This 
division  of  forces  was  of  no  benefit  whatever 
to  workingmen,  and  finally  Abe  Kurz  of  the 
Cigarmakers  introduced  a resolution  in  the 
Central  Labor  Union  to  appoint  a committee 
to  wait  on  the  Trades  Assembly  and  make  a 
proposition  to  amalgamate,  which  was  carried, 
and  Kurz,  Owen  Miller  and  Max  Wotier  were 
appointed  to  attend  to  the  matter. 

The  committee  was  welcomed  by  the 
Trades  Assembly,  Louis  F.  Negele  in  the  chair. 
The  proposition  was  favorably  received,  and  a 
joint  committee  appointed,  and  through  that 
committee  the  amalgamation  was  consumated, 
and  the  present  Central  Trades  and  Labor 
Union  was  formed  and  a charter  in  the  Amer- 
ican Federation  of  Labor  applied  for.  This 
charter  was  granted  September  1st,  1887.  The 
charter  members  were  John  Davis,  Louis  Negele, 
Herman  Gruenwald,  Owen  Miller,  Wm.  Schil- 
ling, Max  Wotier  and  N.  Foesberg. 


FIRST  LABOR  DAY  CELEBRATION. 

As  mentioned  before,  the  first  celebration 
of  Labor  Day  in  St.  Louis  was  held  Monday, 
September  5,  1887,  with  a parade  and  picnic  at 
Concordia  Park.  The  Cigarmakers  took  the  in- 
itiative. The  parade  was  formed  at  604  Market 
street,  the  M.  M.  B.  A.  furnishing  a band  of  35 
pieces  gratis.  The  only  organization  in  line 
was  Cigarmakers  Union  No.  44,  headed  by 
Postlewaite’s  band.  The  rest  of  the  parade 
was  made  up  promiscuously  of  sympathizers 
from  other  organizations.  About  500  were  in 
the  procession.  Mortimer  D.  Shaw  and  Max 
Stoehr  delivered  speeches  on  the  grounds. 

The  Labor  Day  celebrations  of  September 
4th,  1888,  were  a big  improvement  over  those 
of  1887.  About  5,000  men  were  in  line  with 
Wm.  Schilling,  Grand  Marshal,  and  Ernest 
Winter  and  Owen  Miller  speakers  at  Concordia 
Park. 

The  parade  of  September  3rd,  1889,  found 
10,000  in  line  with  Frank  Hill,  Grand  Marshal. 
On  Monday,  September  1st,  1890,  W.  S.  deVaux 
was  Grand  Marshal  of  the  parade,  which  moved 
promptly  on  time,  with  about  12,000  men 
marching.  The  festival  was  held  in  Schnaider’s 
Garden.  No  speaking  was  the  rule  on  this  oc- 
casion. 

Labor  Day,  September  7,  1891,  William  S. 
deVaux  was  once  more  Grand  Marshal.  This 
time  the  celebration  was  held  in  Lindell  Park. 
No  speaking  was  once  more  the  rule.  Hon. 
William  Anderson  acted  as  Grand  Marshal  of 
the  parade  of  September  6,  1892.  That  year 
the  picnic  was  held  in  Concordia  Park. 

The  parade  of  Labor  Day,  1893,  was  mar- 
shaled by  Fred  Von  der  Fehr,  President  of  the 
C.  T.  & L.  U.,  and  was  a splendid  pageant;  the 
picnic  was  held  again  at  Concordia  Park. 

On  Mdhday,  September  4,  1894,  John  H. 
Bergherm  was  Grand  Marshal  of  the  parade  to 
Concordia  Park,  which  was  made  in  a driving 
rain,  but  everybody  enjoyed  themselves  when 
once  in  the  park.  The  Building  Trades  Council 
and  District  Assembly  No.  4,  Knights  of  Labor, 
were  to  have  held  a demonstration  in  conjunc- 
tion, but  postponed  it  to  the  following  Saturday 
on  account  of  the  rain. 

Labor  Day,  Monday,  September  3,  1895, 
found  the  Central  Trades  and  Labor  Unions 
and  Building  Trades  Council  together  under 
Grand  Marshal  J.  P.  Marnell. 

Labor  Day  of  1896  was  marred  by  the  ab- 
sence of  music,  only  one  band  being  in  line, 
which  was  because  of  the  Musicians  Mutual 
Benevolent  Association  being  suspended  from 


Organized  Labor,  St.  Louis,  1909-10. 


51 


the  Central  Trades  and  Labor  Union  on  account 
of  differences  between  the  Musicians  and  the 
Theatrical  Brotherhood.  The  parade,  however, 
was  a success,  and  a large  crowd  attended  the 
picnic  at  Concordia  Park.  Hon.  Henry  Black- 
more  was  Grand  Marshal.  The  Building  Trades 
Council  held  a parade  and  picnic  at  Offenstein’s 
Grove.  N.  J.  Moran  was  Grand  Marshal  and 
that  picnic  was  a great  success. 

MOST  SUCCESSFUL  CELEBRATION 
OF  ALL. 

On  Monday,  September  6,  1897,  occurred 
the  most  successful  celebration  ever  held.  Hon. 
Henry  Blackmore  was  again  Grand  Marshal, 
and  Hon.  William  Jennings  Bryan  the  orator 


| of  the  day.  The  parade  was  a colossal  affair 
and  most  excellently  managed.  The  Concordia 
I Park  was  scarcely  large  enough  to  hold  the 
crowd  that  attended.  Not  the  slightest  in- 
cident occurred  to  mar  the  pleasure  of  the  day. 
The  committee  in  charge  did  their  full  duty. 

The  Labor  Day  celebration  of  1898  was 
held  in  Concordia  Park  with  Henry  Blackmore 
once  more  Grand  Maishal.  The  parade  was  a 
j grand  success,  moving  promptly  on  time.  The 
! Building  Trades  Council  held  a parade  and  a 
I separate  picnic  at  Neff’s  Grove.  Wm.  S.  I)e- 
Vaux  was  Grand  Marshal.  Both  the  parade 
and  the  picnic  were  grand  successes.  Among  the 
speakers  at  the  Grove  were  Mayor  Ziegenhein, 
Ex-Mayor  Noonan,  Dr.  Walter  Wait,  Patrikc 
' Carmody  and  Judge  Sterling  P.  Bond. 


The  above  is  taken  from  a labor  publication,  issued  in  celebration  of  Labor  Day, 
Monday,  September  2,  1901.  In  the  same  strain  the  writer  continues  with  the 
following,  growing  enthusiastic  in  an  eulogy  to  labor: 

A LABOR  GIBRALTAR. 


A LABOR  GIBRALTAR. 

St.  Louis  has  the  reputation  in  the  com- 
mercial v/orld  as  being  a solid  city.  During 
the  panics  of  previous  years,  when  financial  in- 
stitutions were  tumbling  everywhere  from 
London  to  San  Francisco,  St.  Louis  remained 
firm  as  Gibraltar’s  Rock.  The  labor  move- 
ment in  St.  Louis  is  on  the  same  solid  founda- 
tion. It  does  not  make  spasmodic  upheavels, 
expending  its  energy  and  risking  the  life  of  its 
organization  in  ill  prepared  and  futile  efforts, 
but  considers  and  prepares  well  before  acting, 
and  when  ready  to  act,  acting  with  a force  that 
is  irresistible.  Organized  labor  in  St.  Louis  is 
conservative,  but  safe:  it  is  not  radical  but  pro- 
gressive, and  the  very  fact  that  today  all  or- 
ganized labor  in  St.  Louis  is  an  enthusiastic 
unit  in  the  celebration  of  this  day,  and  donates 
every  dollar  realized  to  the  relief  of  the  victims 
of  the  tyranny  of  military  in  Idaho,  proves  that 
organized  labor  of  St.  Louis  is  in  the  van  of 
progressive  trades  unionism  of  this  country. 
This  sensible  and  generous  course  of  organized 
labor  in  St.  Louis  proves  that  it  is  possible  for 
all  organized  labor  to  unite  for  the  general  good, 
and  is  an  example  that  should  be  generally 
followed  everywhere.  There  can  be  no  doubt 
that  the  mass  of  the  labor  people  of  the  country 
are  in  favor  of  such  course,  and  the  general 
trend  of  the  consolidation  of  the  industries  of 
the  country  in  the  hands  of  a few  individuals 
will  make  it  imperative.  The  fact  is  that  today 
organized  labor  alone  stands  between  despair- 
ing masses  at  the  bottom  of  the  social  pyramid, 
and  the  thousand  times  more  dangerous  anar- 
chists in  broad  cloth  at  the  apex  of  that  py- 
ramid, whose  greed  threatens  to  destroy  the 


entire  social  fabric.  Organized  labor  is  there 
to  call  a halt,  but  can  only  succeed  by  thorough 
organization  and  unity  of  action. 

FULLY  20,000  MEN  IN  LINE. 

The  next  Labor  Day,  the  first  Monday  in 
September  of  1899,  we  again  find  the  host  of 
labor  marshaled  under  Henry  Blackmore  as 
Grand  Marshal.  There  were  20,000  men  in 
line,  representing  almost  every  industry  in  the 
city.  The  parade  was  magnificent,  but  the 
intense  heat  disintegrated  it  long  before  it 
reached  the  grounds  at  Concordia  Park.  Many 
of  the  unions  fell  out  in  a body  shortly  after 
leaving  Chouteau  avenue,  and  scarcely  a single 
one  arrived  intact  at  the  grounds.  About 
40,000  people  were  at  the  park,  but  many  of 
them  stayed  but  a short  time,  owing  to  the 
humidity  of  the  atmosphere,  which  made  the 
enclosure  almost  unbearable,  together  with  the 
added  discomfort  of  the  fierce  rays  of  the  sun. 
On  this  account  the  races  and  other  contests 
were  not  pulled  off  until  almost  sunset. 

The  parade  of  1900  was  the  most  successful 
in  the  history*  of  Labor  Day  in  St.  Louis. 
Thirty-five  thousand  union  men  were  in  line 
under  Grand  Marshal  McArthur  Johnson.  The 
weather  was  propitious  and  every  union  paraded 
to  Concordia  Park  without  a man  falling  out. 
The  crowd  at  the  park  was  the  largest  that  was 
ever  on  the  grounds,  estimated  at  60,000. 
Both  parade  and  picnic  were  admirably  man- 
aged, and  every  thing  passed  off  pleasantly. 

For  Monday,  September  2,  1901,  the  parade 
was  under  the  Grand  Marshalship  of  George 
Meins,  a veteran  trades  unionist  of  thirty-five 
years’  service.  Under  his  able  management 
all  past  records  were  broken. 


Since  the  souvenir,  the  above  is  taken  from,  was  written,  published  and  dis- 
tributed, each  Labor  Day  has  seen  a celebration  as  grand,  if  not  better,  than  the 
earlier  ones.  There  have  been  gatherings  at  which  the  attendance  has  been  close 
jo  the  100,000  mark.  While  parades  are  gradually  being  dispensed  with,  because 


52 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


of  the  time  lost,  nearly  two-thirds  of  the  day  being  thus  consumed  in  earlier 
periods,  the  outing  at  some  suitable  place  now  commences  as  early  as  8 o’clock  in 
the  morning.  It  is  probably  a better  way  of  observing  the  day,  as  organized  labor 
reaches  the  grounds  fresh  and  in  good  humor,  and  is  otherwise  in  better  form  for 
the  gala  events. 

No  Labor  Day  parade  was  held  in  1908.  In  1909  the  parade  was  revived, 
only  to  be  again  discontinued  in  1910;  While  there  was  no  parade  in  the  latter 
year,  there  was  a general  celebration  at  Forest  Park  Highlands.  The  attendance 
was  very  large,  the  orator  of  the  day  being  Clarence  C.  Darrow  of  Chicago. 


LEGISLATION  NEEDED  BY  ORGANIZED  LABOR. 


Austin  W.  Biggs  Makes  Timely  Suggestions. 


One  of  the  members  of  the  Labor  Legislative  Committee,  during  the  session  of  the 
Forty-fifth  General  Assembly,  was  Hon.  Austin  W.  Biggs,  a well  known  and  influential 
member  of  Typographical  Union  No.  8 of  St.  Louis.  The  investigations  and  re- 
searches he  made  while  serving  organized  labor  of  Missouri  in  that  capacity, 
and  as  a member,  for  two  terms,  of  the  State  Legislature  itself,  has  well  equipped 
him  with  knowledge  as  to  wh,at  legislation  is  mostly  needed  by  the  toilers  of 
the  State,  and  along  which  lines  it  should  be  directed.  He  has  gone  carefully  into 
the  present  mode  of  leasing  out,  to  private  contractors,  the  labor  of  the 
convicts  of  the  penitentiary,  which  thereby  creates  unfavorable  conditions  for  Mis- 
souri’s army  of  boot  and  shoe  workers,  harness  makers,  garment  workers,  broom 
makers  and  wood  workers,  and  he  is  therefore  a competent  authority  on  that  subject. 
In  the  following  article  he  has  briefly,  but  clearly,  made  known  his  views  along 
these  lines,  and  he  has  suggested  several  badly  needed  reforms  and  some  highly  de- 
sirable labor  legislation: 


St.  Louis,  Nov.  1st,  1910. 
Hon  J.  C.  A.  Hiller,  State  Labor  Commissioner: 

Dear  Sir — Of  all  the  labor  questions  of  this 
State  the  most  important  one,  in  my  opinion, 
is  the  one  of  Convict  Labor.  This  question  has 
been  agitated  for  many  years,  and  I believe  will 
soon  be  solved.  Two  years  ago  both  great  par- 
ties of  this  State  declared  in  their  platforms  in 
favor  of  abolishing  the  present  system  and  in 
favor  of  some  system  which  would  take  the 
convicts  out  of  competition  with  free  labor. 
This  year  both  of  these  parties  reiterated  their 
former  declaration,  one  of  them  going  still 
further  and  suggesting  the  employing  of  the 
convicts  on  State  roads.  The  greatest  obstacle 
In  the  way  of  changing  the  system  has  been  the 
monetary  question.  The  State  of  Missouri 
has  in  the  past  been  unable  to  make  the  change, 
knowing  that  under  the  present  system  the 
convicts  are  a little  more  than  self-sustaining. 
To  adopt  the  New  York  System  seems  to  be 
the  only  feasible  one. 

Under  the  New  York  System,  however, 
they  are  not  quite  self-sustaining.  With  our 
finances  in  good  shape,  I believe  we  should  begin 
at  once  and  abolish  the  system  by  degrees, 


leaving  it  discretionary  with  the  Prison  Board 
as  to  the  particular  work  they  should  do,  but 
keeping  in  mind  the  New  York  law  and  select- 
ing from  that  State  the  work  which  has  been 
most  successful.  In  the  prisons  of  New  York 
the  prisoners  manufacture  articles  for  the  con- 
sumption of  inmates  of  the  state  institutions 
and  political  subdivisions  thereof,  and  I under- 
stand they  cannot  supply  the  demand.  There 
are  some  prisoners  who  could  be  used  on  the 
roads,  but  there  are  a great  many  who  could 
not  be  safely  handled  at  large.  I would  sug- 
gest that  possibly  the  most  peaceable  men 
could  be  used  on  the  roads.  However,  the 
Prison  Board  should  be  authorized  and  required 
to  begin  the  abolishment  of  the  system  imme- 
diately by  the  employment  of  any  surplus  help 
on  hand  on  State  work,  and  when  present  con- 
tracts expire  should  employ  as  many  of  them 
as  possible  and  make  short  contracts  for  the 
remainder.  One  thing  to  be  kept  in  mind,  we 
should  endeavor  to  reform  the  prisoners  and  make 
useful  citizens  of  them. 

I have  read  considerable  of  the  New  York 
System  and  am  of  the  opinion  that  it  is  the  one 
which  this  State  should  adopt.  Any  objection- 


Organized  Labor , St.  Louis,  1909-10. 


53 


able  features  of  that  system  may  be  eliminated 
so  that  it  will  fit  this  State. 

Women’s  54-hour  Bill — Another  import- 
ant labor  question  is  the  Women’s  54-hour  Bill, 
which  should  be  enacted  into  a law.  It  is 
unfortunate  that  this  bill  was  made  defective 
and  therefore  declared  void.  The  men  have 
succeeded  in  getting  an  eight-hour  day  for 
themselves  in  most  of  the  trades,  and  they 
should  assist  the  ladies  in  their  efforts  to  get 
a shorter  work  day. 

Arbitration  Instead  of  Strikes. — Arbi- 
tration should  be  adopted  more  generally  for 
the  settlement  of  labor  disputes.  It  has  worked 
well  in  the  Typographical  Union,  and  has  pre- 
vented many  strikes  in  our  craft.  It  should  be 
given  a fair  trial.  It  has  proven  unsatisfactory 
at  times,  however.  When  demands  are  made 
they  should  be  just  and  right,  for  I believe 
justice  will  win  where  everything  else  fails. 
Arbitration  committees  should  be  composed 
of  strong,  fair-minded  and  honorable  men,  who 
would  rather  be  right  than  be  President  of  the 
United  States. 

Working  Men  in  Politics. — I believe  the 
best  results  for  the  working  class  can  be  ob- 
tained by  them  if  they  will  interest  themselves 
in  politics  in  their  respective  parties.  A work- 
ing man  can  as  a member  of  a legislative  body 
vote  for  measures  which  will  be  beneficial  to 
the  laboring  class  without  losing  any  standing 
he  may  have  with  his  party.  Beg  pardon  for 


personality,  but  when  I was  a member  of  the 
43rd  and  44th  General  Assemblies  I voted  for 
all  labor  bills,  as  the  labor  reports  show,  and 
I yet  did  not  lose  my  political  standing.  I there- 
fore advise  working  men  to  become  active  in 
politics  and  be  elected  to  legislative  positions 
if  you  desire  to  get  results.  Having  attended 
several  Missouri  Federation  of  Labor  Con- 
ventions, I am  of  the  opinion  that  the  working 
class  is  rapidly  becoming  more  intelligent. 
Delegates  attending  these  conventions  will 
compare  favorably  with  our  State  Legislature. 
Some  of  our  best  speakers  and  debaters  are  to 
be  found  amongst  the  working  class.  Why  not 
elect  them  to  Congress  or  the  Legislature? 

Employers’  Liability  Act — Another  very 
important  question  is  the  Employers’  Liability 
Act,  which  should  be  looked  into  by  the  work- 
ing class,  especially  those  working  in  hazardous 
positions,  with  the  view  of  having  legislation 
f enacted  designed  to  relieve  those  who  are  un- 
fortunately injured.  Both  political  parties 
have  declared  in  favor  of  this  legislation,  and 
we  should  get  some  good  legislation  along  this 
line. 

I might  continue  on  this  line,  but  I believe 
I have  mentioned  the  most  important  ques- 
tions before  the  working  class. 

AUSTIN  W.  BIGGS, 

6109  Virginia  avenue.  Member  Typo- 
graphical Union  No.  8.,  St:  Louis,  Mo. 


TYPOGRAPHICAL  UNION  NO.  8. 


A Story  of  Achievements  of  a Pioneer  in  the  Labor  Movement. 

By  J.  J.  DIRKS. 


St.  Louis  Typographical  Union  No.  8, 
is  one  of  the  oldest  local  unions  in  the 
United  States,  as  well  as  one  of  the  most 
progressive.  It  was  chartered  by  the  Na- 
tional Typographical  Union  in  November, 
1856,  the  parent  body  being  instituted  in 
Cincinnati,  Ohio,  May  3,  1852,  its  name 
being  changed  at  the  seventeenth  annual 
session  at  Albany,  N.  Y.,  June  12,  1869, 
to  the  International  Typographical  Union. 
The  local  printers’  union  is  now  54r  years 
old.  Its  history,  spreading  over  more  than 
half  a century,  has  had  its  fair  weather 
and  its  storms ; its  early  members  fought 
the  battles  of  trades  unionism  without  the 
aid  of  present-day  numerical  strength  and 
imposing  defense  funds ; without  strike 
benefits,  sick  relief,  burial  funds,  old  age 
pensions,  trade  education,  the  Home  or 
any  of  the  many  benefits  enjoyed  by  the 
membership  of  this  time.  These  men, 
some  of  whom  have  gone  to  their  eternal 
reward  and  others  enfeebled  by  the  rav- 
ages of  time,  had  no  incentive  to  fight  for 
tneir  industrial  freedom  save  that  of  sheer 


necessity.  They  blazed  the  way  for  the 
present  magnificent  position  of  the  St. 
Louis  Typographical  Union.  The  memory 
of  these  brothers  is  sacred  to  the  present 
generation  of  union  printers. 

St.  Louis  Typographical  Union  No.  8, 
is  held  in  the  highest  respect  by  the  com- 
munity, and  its  progressive  spirit  is  fully 
recognized.  In  token  of  this,  it  was  one 
of  the  first  to  ally  itself  with  the  St. 
Louis  Million  Population  Club,  and  thus 
demonstrated  the  civic  pride  and  alertness 
of  its  membership.  It  has  continued  this 
affiliation,  not  in  a latent  manner,  but 
actively,  its  representatives  in  that  body 
being  chosen  for  their  especial  fitness  and 
interest.  It  is  fully  represented  in  the  Mis- 
souri Federation  of  Labor  (as  witnessed 
its  President  sitting  in  the  current  con- 
vention of  America’s  Labor  Congress  as 
its  delegate),  the  St.  Louis  Allied  Printing 
Trades  Council,  the  East  St.  Louis  Labor 
Council  and  the  St.  Louis  Central  Trades 
and  Labor  Union.  In  the  conventions  of 
the  International  Typographical  Union  it 


54 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


has  been  invariably  represented  by  the 
full  quota. 

No.  8 is  a thorough  business  organiza- 
tion. This  is  manifested  not  alone  by  the 
fact  that  the  interests  of  its  more  than 
1200  members  are  served  by  officers  in 
headquarters  maintained  in  a centrally 
located  office  building,  equipped  with 
modern  conveniences,  but  its  claim  to  the 
title  of  business  organization  rests  more 
particularly  on  the  manner  of  its  dealings 
with  the  employers  of  its  members.  These 
latter  are  in  two  principal  classes,  the 
newspapers  and  the  commercial  printers. 
With  the  St.  Louis  Newspaper  Publishers’ 
Associations  amicable  relations  have  ex- 
isted practically  without  interruption.  The 
provisions  of  the  wage  agreements  are 
lived  up  to  without  serious  controversy 
because  of  the  wise  provision  of  a local 
scale  committee,  jointly  representing  both 
interests,  through  which  all  differences  are 
speedily  and  peaceably  adjusted.  The 
same  happy  condition  now  prevails  in  the 
job  branch,  though  the  joint  standing 
scale  committee  feature  is  of  recent 
adoption.  A big  step  in  the  line  of  prog- 
ress has  been  made  in  the  recently 
adopted  book  and  job  agreement  in  the 
provision  of  a scale  of  prices  for  ap- 
prentices and  the  application  of  hours, 
overtime  and  shop  rules  to  them.  These 
benefits  will  doubtless  accrue  to  the  news- 
paper apprentices  in  the  next  scale. 

The  physical  condition  of  No.  8 has 
never  been  as  good  as  it  is  at  present. 
Its  members  employed  in  the  book  and 
job  branch,  who  have  been  underpaid  for 
years,  now  enjoy  better  compensation 
than  ever  before.  The  men  in  the  news 
branch  have  worked  for  years  without  dis- 
turbance and  are  in  a generally  pros- 
perous condition.  All  daily  newspapers  in 
St.  Louis — indeed,  all  newspaper  work 
worth  mentioning — is  thoroughly  union. 
Some  few  job  offices  are  nonunion,  but 
the  healthy  position  of  No.  8 is  readily 
understood  when  it  is  reflected  that  the 
membership  has  shown  steady  and  con- 
tinued growth  from  the  beginning.  There 
are  few  printing  communities  that  can 
show  as  large  a percentage  of  organiza- 
tion as  can  No.  8,  whose  jurisdiction  ex- 
tends from  the  Tri-Cities  (Venice,  Granite 
City  and  Madison)  and  East  St.  Louis, 
in  Illinois,  to  the  cities  in  St.  Louis 
county,  including,  of  course,  all  of  the 
City  of  St.  Louis. 

Some  of  No.  8’s  beneficences  are  admin- 
istered in  conjunction  with  the  parent 
body,  the  International  Typographical 
Union,  which  is  made  up  of  more  than 
COO  units  and  in  excess  of  50,000  mem- 
bers, and  others  are  purely  local.  The 
single  benefit  which  is  the  source  of  great- 
est expense  to  the  local  membership,  and 
is  entirely  local,  and  at  the  same  time  is 


probably  the  most  important  work  of  the 
kind,  is  the  system  of  sick  benefits.  Be- 
fore the  institution  of  this  plan  there  was 
no  adequate  means  of  succoring  the  needy 
brother  or  sister — for  be  it  known  the 
Typographical  Union  recognizes  woman 
and  demands  the  same  scale  and  the  same 
hours  and  treatment  for  her  as  for  men — 
save  posting  the  “yellow  slip,’’  whereby  the 
charitably  disposed  could  subscribe  what- 
ever amount  they  pleased.  But  the  printers, 
nothing  if  not  progressive,  took  the  posi-' 
tion  that  the-  members  were  industrial 
soldiers  and  were  entitled  to  something 

more  material  than  charity.  Hence  a law 
was  enacted  whereby  the  sick  or  disabled 
member  was  paid  $5  a week  out  of  the 
union  treasury.  It  has  been  costly,  as 
the  subjoined  figures  indicate,  but  it  has 
been  money  well  spent,  and  there  are 

few  indeed  who  would  seriously  advocate 
the  abolition  of  No.  8’s  sick  benefit  law. 

From  the  inception  of  sick  relief  pay- 
ment in  1906  to  October  1,  1910,  war- 
rants have  been  drawn  to  the  total 

amount  of  $6,72  4.40,  the  beneficiaries 
numbering  234,  and  the  total  committee 
expense  of  investigation  and  administra- 
tion in  that  time  has  been  $456.65,  mak- 
ing the  grand  total  of  expense  $7,181.05. 

The  local  printers’  organization  has,  of 
course,  its  President,  Vice-President,  Sec- 
retary-Treasurer, Sergeant-at-Arms,  Board 
of  Trustees,  Finance  Committee,  Mem- 
bership Committee  (Investigating  Com- 
mittee, we  call  it),  Reading  Clerk, 
Executive  Committee,  Social  Features 
Committee  and  from  time  to  time  special 
committees,  all  of  whom  perform  their 
duties  with  thorough  regard  for  the  busi- 
ness record  of  the  union. 

In  addition  to  the  burial  benefit  of  $75 
provided  by  the  I.  T.  U.  (and  which  will 
be  increased  on  a graded  plan  up  to 
$2 (JO  if  the  referendum  adopts  the  pro- 
posal to  be  voted  on  shortly),  No.  8 
makes  an  addition  of  $50,  making  a total 
of  $125.  In  the  event  of  the  member 
having  no  kin  accessible  the  local  officers 
conduct  the  funeral. 

The  preparedness  of  the  St.  Louis 
printers  for  trouble  is  proverbial.  They 
are  peace  loving,  as  is  indicated  by  their 
acquiescence  in  the  principles  of  arbitra- 
tion ; nevertheless,  they  hold  steadfast  to 
the  old  adage,  “In  times  of  peace  prepare 
for  war.”  The  memorable  eight-hour 
strike  of  1905-06  found  No.  8 with  a 
plethoric  defense  fund,  which  made  it 
possible  to  pay  its  members  on  strike  an 
amount  sufficient  to  keep  them  from  want. 
To  single  men  $8  weekly  was  paid  and 
to  married  men  or  those  having  large 
families  dependent  on  them  the  amount 
was  $10.  The  business  character  of  the 
organization  may  be  understood  from  the 
statement  that  while  the  payment  of  these 


Organized  Labor,  St.  Louis,  1909-10. 


55 


benefits  entirely  dissipated  the  large  fund, 
it  is  now  larger  than  ever. 

Another  activity  administered  in  con- 
junction with  the  parent  body  is  trade 
education,  which  takes  the  form  more  par-  ; 
ticularly  of  a course  in  printing  by  cor-  j 
respondence.  The  success  and  practica-  j 
bility  of  the  plan  is  indicated  by  the  fact  I 
that  there  are  more  than  1500  pupils  j 
taking  the  course  in  the  country.  The 
local  committee  works  largely  with  the 
apprentices  gind  conditional  members,  and 
has  persuaded  all  of  the  newspaper  chap- 
els to  pay  $5  on  the  tuition  fee  for  its 
respective  apprentices.  The  local  union 
pays  $5  of  the  tuition  of  each  apprentice 
member.  This  committee  supervised  the 
exhibit  of  the  I.  T.  U.  Commission  at  the 
St.  Louis  Central  Library  and  later 
showed  there  the  product  of  local  printing 
houses,  both  of  which  elicited  much  in- 
terest. 

No.  8 supplements  the  work  of  the 
parent  organization  at  the  Union  Printers’ 
Home  at  Colorado  Springs,  Colo.,  not 
only  by  the  payment  of  the  pro  rata  tax 
on  its  membership,  but  by  many  atten- 
tions to  those  of  its  members  who  are 
there  and  who  are  transported  at  local 
expense.  One  of  its  members  was  in- 
strumental in  securing  the  donation  of 
thousands  of  magnificent  books  by  au- 
thors, publicists  and  printers,  the  result 
being  a splendid  library. 

The  payment  of  old  age  pensions  is  a 
strictly  international  function,  all  mem- 
bers 60  years  of  age  or  over  who  have 
been  in  continuous  good  standing  for  20 
years  or  more,  and  unable  to  woi’k,  re- 
ceiving $4  per  week  for  life,  or  the 
option  of  going  to  the  Home,  if  eligible. 

One  of  the  most  unrelenting  activities 
of  the  local  printers  is  union  label  agita- 
tion. The  committee  in  charge  of  this 

work  returns  to  the  distributors  every 
piece  of  printed  matter  not  bearing  the 
label,  most  of  which  has  been  sent  to 
the  committee  by  individual  members. 
The  result  is  that  hundreds  of  firms  have 
been  persuaded  to  use  the  Allied  Printing 
Trades  Council  label,  which  is  a guar- 
antee not  only  that  the  work  has  been  | 
done  by  union  printers,  but  likewise  that  | 
the  presswork,  binding,  engraving  and  all  { 
the  labor  has  been  performed  under  fair 
conditions.  It  is  because  of  such  thorough 
work  on  the  part  of  No.  8 that  there  are 
now  more  than  100  local  label  shops,  in- 
cluding all  of  the  more  extensive  ones. 
The  printers  have  not  hesitated  to  spend 
money  for  label  agitation,  even  though  the 
other  allied  trades  would  benefit  directly 
thereby.  Being  pioneers  in  the  labor 
movement,  as  well  as  leaders,  they  long- 
ago  recognized  the  principle  that  by  co- 
operation alone  can  the  movement  suc- 


ceed, and  hence  what  will  help  one  must 
of  necessity  help  the  other. 

While  St.  Louis  Typographical  Union, 
No.  8,  is  a business  organization  in  the 
strictest  sense,  as  the  attempt  has  been 
made  to  prove,  the  social  side  has  not 
been  neglected.  In  recognition  of  the 
value  of  this  element,  it  has  been  the 
practice  for  years  to  hold  a family  picnic 
on  Labor  day,  where  the  printers  and 
their  families,  as  well  as  allied  trades 
members,  have  mingled  in  friendly  in- 
tercourse. The  picnic  feature  was  omitted 
this  year,  in  order  to  aid  the  general 
celebration  of  the  Central  Trades  and 
Labor  Union.  Each  winter  a ball  is 
given,  which  also  furnishes  opportunity 
for  fraternization.  1]he  local  printers 
are  lovers  of  sport,  and  many  of  them 
indulge  in  bowling  through  the  winter 
and  baseball  in  the  summer.  In  baseball 
particularly  the  St.  Louis  printer  shines. 
The  Tuesday  Afternoon  League,  composed 
of  morning  newspaper  men,  is  known 
from  coast  to  coast.  In  the  annual  tourna- 
ment of  the  Printers’  National  Baseball 
League  the  St.  Louis  printers  have  held  a 
prominent  place  from  the  beginning.  At 
Washington  this  year  the  local  team  was 
one  of  the  most  stubborn  contenders  for 
the  pennant.  Further  demonstrating  the 
social  penchant  of  the  St.  Louis  printer, 
a word  may  be  said  of  the  Printing  Trades 
Club,  whose  membership  is  composed  of 
members  of  the  allied  trades.  The  estab- 
lishment is  equipped  in  every  way  to 
conduce  to  the  comfort  of  its  members, 
and  delegates  and  visitors  to  the  American 
Federation  of  Labor,  who  will  receive  a 
cordial  invitation  to  visit  the  club,  will 
agree  that  it  will  not  suffer  by  com- 
parison with  any  similar  institution  in 
the  country.  And  the  credit  for  its  for- 
mation belongs  to  printers. 

Such  is  the  history  of  St.  Louis  Typo- 
graphical Union,  No.  8 — a little  of  its 
j history  of  the  dim  and  distant  past,  with 
the  battles  fought  by  its  old-timers;  but 
more  of  its  present,  depicting  its  virility 
and,  above  all,  proving  that  it  lives  and 
has  ever  lived  true  to  its  constitutional 
preamble : “To  establish  and  maintain  an 
equitable  scale  of  wages  and  reasonable 
hours  of  work;  to  defend  our  rights  and 
advance  our  interests  as  workingmen ; to 
create  an  authority  whose  seal  shall  con- 
stitute a certificate  of  character,  intel- 
ligence and  skill ; to  provide  a home  for 
invalid  and  infirm  members ; to  encourage 
the  principle  and  practice  of  conciliation 
and  arbitration  in  the  settlement  of  dif- 
ferences between  labor  and  capital ; to 
exert  all  honorable  efforts  for  the  attain- 
ment of  better  conditions  of  labor,  and 
to  inculcate  lessons  of  justice  and  good 
will  among  men.”  Small  wonder  that  the 


56 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


St.  Louis  union  printers  have  reached 
their  present  proud  position.  It  could  not 
be  otherwise  with  such  a set  of  principles, 
strictly  adhered  to. 

This  narrative  would  not  be  complete 
without  some  reference  to  the  splendid 
work  being  done  by  those  women  who 
compose  Woman’s  Auxiliary,  No.  29,  of 
St.  Louis.  This  organization  is  composed 
of  the  wives,  sisters  and  daughters  of 
members  of  No.  8,  and  was  instituted  to 
perform  social  duties  in  connection  with 
the  I.  T.  U.  Convention  held  in  St.  Louis 
during  the  Louisiana  Purchase  Exposi- 
tion, which  it  discharged  with  much 
credit  to  itself.  Since  then  the  Auxiliary 
has  continued  its  program  of  social  work, 
giving  euchres  and  hops  and  other  forms 
of  diversion.  But  it  has  not  neglected 
the  serious  aspect,  and  is  giving  most 


valuable  aid  to  No.  8 in  its  activity  in 
behalf  of  the  label.  Woman  is  in  the 
labor  movement,  and  the  organization 
which  attempts  to  ignore  her  will  fall 
behind.  The  printers  were  first  to  recog- 
nize that  fact,  in  token  of  which  No.  8 
sent  one  of  its  women  members  as  a dele- 
gate to  the  last  session  of  the  Missouri 
Federation  of  Labor,  she  receiving  every 
vote  cast  at  the  election. 

This  splendid  condition  of  affairs  in  the 
local  typographical  field  has  not  been 
achieved  without  factional  strife  and 
forensic  debate  among  the  membership, 
and  it  may  be  said  as  a truth  that  the 
germ  of  insurgency  is  still  alive  and 
ready  to  resume  activity  whenever  the 
necessity  arises.  The  printers  are  logical, 
however,  and  always  settle  their  differ- 
ences as  to  policy  in  their  meetings. 


MISCELLANEOUS  INFORMATION,  ST.  LOUIS,  1910. 

The  Central  Trades  and  Labor  Union  meets  at  the  Aschenbroedel  Hall, 
3535  Pine  street,  on  the  second  and  fourth  Sundays  of  each  month.  The  meet- 
ing is  supposed  to  be  called  to  order  at  2.00  p.  m.  It  is  figured  that  161  local 
unions  are  represented  in  this  central  body. 

A union  revived,  during  the  year  1910,  was  the  one  made  up  of  steel  range 
makers  and  stove  mounters  which  went  on  a strike  in  1908,  which  controversy 
it  lost  and  its  loss  caused  the  union  to  disband  in  January,  1909.  This  trouble 
was  satisfactorily  settled  during  the  summer  of  1910.  This  union  was  imme- 
diately reorganized,  and  all  of  its  members  are  now  working  under  a scale 
and  other  agreements. 


STATISTICAL  DETAILS. 

More  information,  chiefly  statistical,  for  organized  labor  of  St.  Louis,  is  given  in 
the  tables  that  follow.  At  the  top  of  each  table  will  be  found  an  outline  of  the 
information  which  is  covered  by  that  particular  table.  In  all,  there  are  eight  tables. 
Where  no  information  of  the  kind  the  table  provides  for,  is  given,  it  means  that  the 
union  which  is  being  considered  had  no  facts  along  that  line  to  impart  for  1909. 


ST.  LOUIS  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS,  1909-10. 

TABLE  NO.  1. 


Giving  trade  or  occupation,  location  and  schedule  number,  1910;  name  and  local  number  of 
organization  in  1910;  with  what  national  or  international  organization  local  was  affiliated  in  1909- 
10;  when  local  organized  and  when  local  incorporated,  if  incorporated. 


Location,  schedule  No. 
and  trade  or  occupation, 
1909-10. 

Name  and  number  of 
local  organization, 
1909-10. 

With  what  national  or  inter- 
national organization  was 
affiliated  in  1909-10. 

Yr.  local 
org’niz’d 

8t.  Louis — 

1 — Badge  makers 

Local  No.  9136 

A.  F.  of  L 

1901 

2 — Bakers 

“ “ 4..  . 

B.  & C.  W.  J.  U.  of  A 

1886 

3—  “ 

“ “ 50. 

1908 

4 — " 

“ “ 110. . . 

it  it  ti 

1909 

6 — Barbers 

“ “ 102 

J.  B.  I.  U.  of  A 

1897 

6 — Bartenders 

“ “ 51. 

H.  &.  R.  E.  & B.  I.  L.  of  A 

1894 

7 — Billposters 

“ “ 5... 

I.  A.  of  B.  P.  & B.  of  A 

1901 

8 — Blacksmiths 

“ “ 12 

I.  B.  of  B.  & II  

1889 

9 — “ hlprs. . . 

10—  “ “ . . 

“ “ 317 

1903 

Pacific  Lodge  444 

<<  a 

1903 

Assembly tH all /* A schenbroedel”  [Musicians'lH eadquarters , 3535  Pine  Street , St.  Louis,  Mo. 


Organized  Labor,  St.  Louis,  1909-10 , 


57 


TABLE  NO.  1— ST.  LOUIS  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS— Continued. 

Giving  trade  or  occupation,  location  and  schedule  number,  1910;  name  and  local  number  of 
organization  in  1910;  with  what  national  or  international  organization  local  was  affiliated  in  1909- 
10;  when  local  organized  and  when  local  incorporated,  if  incorporated. 


Location,  schedule  No. 
and  trade  or  occupation, 
1909-10. 

Name  and  number  of 
local  organization. 
1909-10. 

With  what  national  or  inter- 
national organization  was 
affiliated  in  1909-10. 

Yr.  local 
org’niz’d 

St.  Louis — 

11 — Book  makers 

Local  No.  18 

I.  B.  of  B.  B 

1886 

12 — “ “ 

Rulers  No.  32 

1888 

13 — “ “ 

Finishers  No.  41 

<<  it 

1888 

Binders  No.  55 . . 

<<  44 

1909 

15 — Boot  & Shoe  wkrs.  . 

Local  No.  25 

I.  B.  & S.  W.  U 

1895 

16 — “ “ “ 

Cutters  No.  90 

it  n 

1907 

17 — “ 

Fitters  No.  338 

n it 

1903 

18 — Boiler  makers 

Mound  City  No.  27 

I.  B.  B.  M.  & I.  S.  B.  & H.  of  A..  . 

1898 

19 — “ “ 

Marquette  No.  51  

“ “ “ “ 

1900 

20 — - “ “ hlprs. . 

St.  Louis  Lodge  No.  58.  . . 

“ “ “ “ 

1907 

21 — “ “ “ . 

O.  K.  Lodge  No.  126 

“ **  “ 

1903 

22—  “ “ “ .. 

Chouteau  Lodge  No.  322. . 

“ “ “ “ 

1902 

23 — Bottlers 

Local  No.  8514 

A.  F.  of  L 

1900 

24 — Brewery  workers . . . 

Malsters  No.  6 

U.  B.  W.  of  A 

1886 

25 — 

“ “ 368 

1907 

26 — 

Drivers  No.  43 

it  tt  ^ 

1891 

27 — 

Firemen  No.  95 

(l  tt 

1898 

28 — 

Bottlers  No.  187 

“ 44 

1899 

29—  “ “ ... 

Freight  handlers  No.  237.. 

“ 

1899 

30 — 

Engineers  No.  246 

1904 

31 — 

Laborers  No.  262 

“ “ 

1900 

32— 

Oilers  & Helpers  No.  279.. 

1 “ “ 

1901 

33 — Bricklayers 

Local  No.  1 

B.  &.  M.  I.  U.  of  A 

1864 

34 — 

“ “ 2 

1897 

35 — 

“ “ 3 

n a 44 

1872 

36 — “ 

Stone  Masons  No.  19 

»*  <•  ** 

1906 

37 — “ 

“ “ No.  22 

a n tt 

1907 

38 — Broom  makers 

Local  No.  45 

I.  B.  & W.  M.  U 

1893 

39 — Brush  makers 

“ “ 3 

B.  M.  I.  U 

1904 

40 — Butchers 

“ “ 88 

A.  M.  C.  & B.  U.  of  A 

1900 

41 — Carpenters 

“ “ 5 

U.  B.  of  C.  & J.  of  A 

1890 

42 — “ 

“ “ 45 

1900 

43 — “ 

“ “ 47 

tt  44  a 

1900 

44 — 

“ “ 73. . . 

a n a 

1895 

45 — “ 

“ “ 257 

it  II  44 

1887 

46 — 

“ “ 578 

it  it  44 

1884 

47 — 

Millrights  No.  602  

a ti  a 

1903 

48—  “ . . 

House  Carpenters  No.  738 

ti  it  a 

1909 

49— 

Local  No.  801 

44  44  44 

1870 

50 — 

“ “ 1011 

44  it  it 

1902 

51 — 

Bench  Hands  No.  1100.  . . 

it  it  44 

1902 

52 — 

Local  No.  1329 

44  44  44 

1902 

53— 

Cabinet  Makers  No.  1596  . . 

4 4 4 4 .4  4 

1872 

54 — 

Local  No  646 

44  44  44 

1909 

55 — “ helpers.  . 

“ “ 22 

a a 

1908 

56 — Cement  Workers 

“ “ 22 

A.  B.  of  C.  W 

1899 

57 — 

“ “ 78 

1886 

58 — 

“ “ 79 

4 4 4 4 

1882 

59 — 11  11 

“ “ 91 

a a 

1907 

60 — Cigar  makers 

“ “ 44 

C.  M.  I.  U.  of  A 

1877 

61 — “ packers 

“ “ 281 

1886 

62 — Cooks 

“ “ 203 

H.  &.  R.  E.  & B.  I.  L 

1890 

63 — Coopers . . . 

“ 3 

C.  I.  U.  of  N.  A 

1884 

64 — “ 

“ “ 37 

1896 

65 " 1 44  ... 

“ “ 148 

4 4 4 4 

1908 

66 — Electrotypers 

“ “ 36 

I.  E.  & S.  U.  of  N.  A 

1898 

67 — “ 

“ “ 8 

1888 

68 — Electrical  workers 

“ “ l 

I.  B.  of  E.  W 

1893 

69 — “ “ H \ 

“ “ 2. 

1909 

70 — “ “ ... 

“ “ 3 

4 4 4 4 

1891 

71 — Elevator  constrcts. . . 

“ “ 3 

I.  U.  of  E.  C 

1898 

72 — Engineers 

Stationary  No.  2 

I.  U.  of  S.  E 

1896 

73 — 

Marine  No.  6 

N.  M.  E.  B.  A 

1901 

74— 

Hoisting  No.  315 

I.  U.  of  S.  E 

1906 

75 — Firemen 

Stationary  No.  6 

I.  B.  of  S.  F 

1898 

76 — Foundry  laborers. 

Local  No.  1 

I.  B.  of  F.  E 

1899 

77 — Garment  workers . 

Cutters  No.  26 

U.  G.  W.  of  A 

1898 

78 — 

Coat  and  pants  No.  67. . . . 

1900 

79 — “ “ 

Pants  pressers  No.  68 

44  (4 

1900 

80— 

Coat  pressers  No.  98 

“ 

1896 

81-^— 

Operators  No.  105 

4 4 4 4 

1902 

82— 

Local  No.  166 

4 4 4 4 

1903 

83— 

Shirt  and  Overall  No.  238 

**■  “ 

1907 

84 — 

Overall  Gutters  No.  246.  . . 

4 4 4 . 

1898 

85 — Glass  blowers . . 

Branch  No.  5 

G.  B.  B.  A.  of  A 

1875 

86 — “ workers 

Local  No.  6 

1900 

58 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910, 


TABLE  NO.  1— ST.  LOUIS  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS— Continued. 

Giving  trade  or  occupation,  location  and  schedule  number,  1910;  name  and  local  number  of 
organization  in  1910;  with  what  national  or  international  organization  local  was  affiliated  in  1909- 
10;  when  local  organized  and  when  local  incorporated,  if  incorporated. 


Location,  schedule  No. 
and  trade  or  occupation. 
1909-10. 

Name  and  number  of 
local  organization. 
1909-10. 

With  what  national  or  inter- 
national organization  was 
affiliated  in  1909-10. 

Yr.  local 
org’niz’d 

t.  Louis — 

87 — Granite  cutters 

Local  branch 

G.  C.  I.  U 

1880 

88 — Hatters 

Local  No.  21 

U.  H.  of  N.  A 

1888 

“ “ 3. . . 

I.  H.  S.  I.  U.  & N.  S.  & C 

1865 

“ “ 1 

L.  B.  & P.  U 

1867 

91—  “ 

“ “ 2 

1880 

92 — “ 

“ “ 3. 

B.  L.  I.  P.  N.  of  Mo  

1892 

93 — “ 

“ “ 8 

L.  B.  & P.  U 

1904 

Future  City  No.  1 

A.  A.  of  I.  H.  G W of  A 

1890 

95 — “ 

Mound  City  No.  3 .... 

1905 

96 — “ 

St.  Louis  No.  4 

<<  tt  tt 

1899 

97 — “ “ 

Local  No.  18 

J.  A.  of  B.  of  S.  W 

1896 

“ “ 73 

3 

* 

3 

> 

1899 

99 — Leather  workers.  . . . 

“ 30 

I.  U.  B.  of  L.  W.  on  H.  G 

1898 

100—  “ “ 

101 — Machinists  

*t  it  it  it 

1888 

Progressive  No.  41 

I.  A.  of  M 

1906 

102 — “ 

Local  No.  308 

1900 

103 — 

“ “ 394 

1895 

“ “ 10263 

A.  F.  of  L 

1902 

105 — 

“ “ 68 

I.  A.  of  M.  W.  & H 

1907 

106 — 

“ “ 75 

1907 

“ “ 36 

I.  A.  of  S.  M.  W 

1890 

108 — “ 

“ “ 247. . . 

1902 

109 — “ 

“ “ 349. . . 

it  i* 

1903 

HO — “ 

ti  tt 

1893 

111 — “ 

tt  it 

1893 

112 — “ 

“ molders  No.  99  ... 

a .< 

1893 

113 — Moulders  . 

Local  No.  59 

I.  M.  U.  of  N.  A 

1872 

114 — 

“ “ 10. . . . 

1859 

115 — “ 

“ 426... 

**  

1898 

116 — 

“ “ 7229  . . 



1899 

117 — Moving  picture  oprs. 

“ 143 

M.  P.  O.  I.  U 

1907 

1 18 — Musicians 

“ “ 2 

A.  F.  of  M 

1885 

1 1 9 — 

“ “ 44 

1894 

120 —  Newspaper  carriers. . 

121 —  Painters 

“ 5783  . : .... 

A.  F.  of  L 

1891 

“ 23 

B.  & P.  D.  & P.  H.  of  A 

1897 

122 — 

: “ “ 46 

1887 

123 — 

i “ “ 115 

tt  tt  tt 

1887 

124 — 

I “ “ 137 

it  tJ  tt 

1887 

125 — 

“ 204... 

tt  it  tt 

1900 

126 — 

“ 513 . . . 

<<  tt  tt 

1897 

127 — 

! “ “ 774 

tt  tt  tt 

1902 

128 — 

“ 341 . . 

t<  tt  tt 

1901 

129 — Pattern  makers 

“ “l 

P.  M.  L.  of  N.  A 

1887 

130 — Photo  Engraving.  . . 

“ 10 

I.  P.  E.  U.  of  N.  A 

1901 

121 — Pipe  cn  verers 

“ “1 

A.  F of  L 

1898 

122 — Pipe  drivers 

“ 43 

1909 

133 — Plasterers 

“ “3 

O.  P.  I.  A 

1882 

134 — “ helpers.... 

135 —  Plumbers 

“ i 

1906 

“ 35. ... t 

U.  A.  J.  P.  U.  F.  S.  F.  & H 

1881 

136 — 

“ “ 80  . . . 

1891 

137 — 

“ 268. . . 

it  it  tt 

1893 

138 — “ laborers... 

139 —  Post  Office  clerks.  . . 

140 —  Printing 

“ “ 1 

Bldg  Td.  Council 

1895 

“ “8 

A.  F.  of  L 

1907 

Pressmen  No.  2 

I.  P.  P.  M.  & A.  IT 

1897 

141 — 

6 

1880 

142 — 

Pressfeeders  No.  43 

ti  it 

1898 

143 — “ 

I.  T.  U 

1873 

144 — 

Mailers  No  3 

1893 

145 — 

Typographia  No.  8 

Violet  Lodge  No.  34 

Worlds  Fair  No.  390 

I.  S.  & C.  P.  P 

1856 

1 46 — Ry  carmen 

B.  of  II.  C.  of  A 

1898 

147 — “ 

1904 

148 — “ 

Frisco  Lodge  No.  432 

Div  No  3 

tt  tt 

1905 

149 — Ry  conductors 

O.  R.  C 

1880 

150 — “ engineers 

“ “ 42 

B.  of  L.  E 

1865 

151 — “ 

“ “ 48 

1863 

152 — “ 

“ 327 

1886 

153 — “ 

“ 428 

1890 

154 — “ 

“ 487 

1892 

155 — “ firemen 

Industrial  No  21 

B.  of  Ti.  F 

1874 

156 — “ 

Peace  Lodge  No  109 

1881 

157 — •« 

Iron  Mt.  No  390 

** 

1893 

158 — “ 

Adamont  No  414 

1890 

159 — “ 

Easther  No.  481 . 

1891 

160 — “ switchmen 

St.  Louis  No.  37 

S.  U.  of  N.  A 

1897 

161 — •• 

Abraham  Lincoln  No.  54. . 

* * 

1908 

162—  " “ 

Success  No.  134 

“ 

1899 

59 


Organized  Labor,  St.  Louis,  1909-10. 


TABLE  NO.  1— ST.  LOUIS  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS— Continued. 

Giving  trade  or  occupation,  location  and  schedule  number,  1010;  name  and 
local  number  of  organization  in  1010;  with  what  national  or  international  organi- 
zation local  was  affiliated  in  1909-10;  when  local  organized  and  when  local  incor- 
porated. 


Location , schedule  No. 
and  trade  or  occupation, 
1909-10. 

Name  and  number  of 
local  organization. 
1909-10.  i 

With  what  national  or  inter- 
national organization  was 
affiliated  in  1909-10. 

St.  Louis — 

163 —  Ry.  telegraphers..  . . 

164 — “ “ . 

Div.  No.  31 

O.  R.  T 

“ “ 2 

165 — “ trainmen 

Future  Great  No.  45 . . . . 

B.  of  R.  T 

166 — “ 

Pacific  Lodge  No.  64 

167 — “ 

St.  Louis  No.  298.  . . 

168 — “ 

<< 

169 — “ 

Tower  Grove  No.  489 

u 

170 — Retail  clerks 

Local  No.  80 

R.  C.  I.  P.  A.  of  A 

171 — “ “ 

“ “ 84 

172 — Roofers 

“ “ 1 

I.  S.  & T.  R.  U.  of  A 

173 — “ 

Composition  No.  1 

Local  No.  6 

174 — Sawsmiths  . 

S.  S.  U.  of  N A 

175 — Steel  range  mkrs..  . 

Mounters  No.  34 

I.  S.  M.  & S.  R.  W 

176—  “ “ “ 

“ 86 

“ il 

177 — Ship  carpenters 

Local  No.  23 

I.  S.  C.  & J.  & c 

178 — Steam  fitters 

“ “ 29 

“ “ 33 

I A S H W & P P F & H 

179—  “ “ hips... 

180 — Stone  cutters 

St.  Louis  brancli 

I.  S.  C.  U.  of  N.  A 

181 — “ laborers 

Derrick  men  br.  12878. . . . 

I.  B.  T.  C.  & J.  L.  U 

182 — “ pavers 

Div.  No.  16 

I.  S.  P.  u 

183 — “ “ hips 

“ “ 29. . . . .... 

184 — Tailors  . 

J.  T.  No.  11 

I.  T.  U.  of  A . . . 

185 — Teamsters 

Packing  House  No.  700.  . . 
Carriage  Drivers  No.  405. . 
Dept.  Store  Drvs.  No.  709  . 
Furniture  Drvs.  No.  751 . . 

U.  T.  & C.  of  A 

186 — “ 

187 — “ 

a i i 

188—  “ 

a << 

189 — “ 

Baggage  Drvs.  No.  754. . . . 
Piano  Movers  No.  784.  . . . 

“ «« 

190 — 

««  n 

191 — Terra  Cotta  . . . 

Local  No.  80 

T.  C.  W.  J.  N.  of  A 

192 — Tobacco  workers..  . 

“ “ 1 

I.  T.  W 

193 — Stage  employes 

“ “ 6 

I.  A.  T.  S.  E 

194 — Tuck  pointers 

“ “ 10384 

A.  F of  L 

195 — Upholsterers 

“ “ 21 

U.  I.  U 

196 — Waiters 

“ “ 20 

H.  & R.  E.  & B.  I.  L 

197 — “ 

“ “ 353 

“ “ 

1 98 — W ood  workers 

“ “ 2 

A.  W.  W.  I.  U.  of  A 

199—  “ 

“ “ 149 

o 

-i  -i 


1894 
1900 

1884 

1885 
1883 
1892 
1892 

1886 
1892 
1890 
1890 

1898 

1899 
1906 
1905 
1889 
1892 
1853 
1899 

1895 
1902 
1883 

1899 
1902 
1902 
1902 

1902 

1903 

1889 
1895 

1890 
1902 
1902 
1892 
1902 
1872 

1900 


ST.  LOUIS  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS— Continued. 

TABLE  NO.  2. 

Showing  location,  schedule  number  and  trade  or  occupation,  1910;  membership  on  December 
31,  1909;  increase  or  decrease  1909  over  1908;  per  cent  of  trade  organized  locally,  1909;  number  of 
hours  constituting  a day’s  work  in  1909;  standard  wages  established  by  local  during  1909. 


Location, 
schedule  No. 
and  trade  or 
occupation. 
1909-10. 


St.  Louis— 

1 —  Badge  makers. 

2 —  Bakers 

3—  “ 

4—  “ 

5 —  Barbers 

6 —  Bartenders. . . . 

7 —  Bill  posters..  . . 


Cause  of  increase  or 
decrease, 

1909 


Standard  wages  es- 
tablished by  local 
during  1909. 


O 

o 


O 

o 


7 

4 

75 

9 

.25 

20 

9 

$ i 4 . 66 

28 

28 

10 

10 

18.00 

15 

20 

9 

16.00 

472 

27 

30 

13 

14^00 

575 

23 

! 

40 

10 

. 25 

74 

1 

100 

10 

.30 

60 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics,  1910. 


TABLE  NO.  2— ST.  LOUIS  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS— Continued. 

Showing  location,  schedule  number  and  trade  or  occupation,  1910;  membership  on  December 
31,  1909;  increase  or  decrease,  1909  over  1908;  per  cent  of  trade  organized  locally,  1909;  number  of 
hours  constituting  a day’s  work  in  1909;  standard  wages  established  by  local  during  1909. 


Location, 
schedule  No. 
and  trade  or 
occupation. 
1909-10. 

Membership 

Dec.31, 1909. 

Increase  or 

decrease 

during  year 

1909 

Cause  of  increase  or 
decrease, 

1909. 

Per  cent  of  trade  organ- 
ized locally,  1909 

No.  of  hours  constituting 
day’s  work  in  1909.  . . . 

Standard  wages  es- 
tablished by  local 
during  1909. 

Cents  per  hour. . 

Dollars  per  day. 

Dollars  per  week 

Males 

Females . . . 

Increase.  . . 

Decrease. . . 

St.  Louis — 

154 

10 

9 

.35 

55 

75 

9 

.35 

to—  “ “ ; . 

60 

12 

80 

10 

.35 

227 

9 

85 

8 

$i7 .00 

50 

80 

8 

18.00 

25 

75 

8 

20.00 

600 

600 

80 

8 

15 — Boot  & Shoe  w 

406 

12 

8 

10 

.20 

16 — 

120 

5 

10 

10 

.274 

17 — 

20 

250 

30 

8 

10 

. 184 

198 

24 

89 

9 

.38" 

19 — “ 

72 

95 

9 

.38 

20 — “ “ hps. 

110 

90 

9 

.25 

21—  “ 

12 

7 

Work  short 

95 

9 

.22 

22 — “ 

36 

4 

95 

10 

.36 

68 

80 

8 

.30 

700 

50 

100 

8 

17.00 

25 — “ ~ * “ 

32 

i 

9 

100 

8 

15.50 

26 — “ drivers . . 

630 

100 

9 

16.00 

27 — “ firemen. . 

28 — “ bottlers 

145 

30 

8 

.30 

1100 

100 

Modern  machinery 

100 

8 

.25 

29 — “ frt.  hdls! 

270 

100 

8 

2 40 

30 — “ engineers 

92 

100 

8 

23.00 

31 — “ laborers 

60 

100 

8 

.25 

32—  “ oilers  & 

helpers . 

160 

100 

8 

15.00 

33 — Brieklavers 

668 

95 

8 

.70 

34 — “ ‘ 

385 

103 

Increase  in  business. . . . 

99 

8 

.70 

35 — 

418 

140 

99 

8 

.70 

36 — &" 

stone  masons 

618 

182 

il  n 

100 

8 

.65 

37 — “ 

149 

4 

95 

8 

.60 

38 — Broom  mkrs. . 

35 

90 

9 

.25 

39 — Brush  mkrs . 

22 

50 

9 

.30 

40 — Butchers 

130 

28 

Organization .... 

10 

10 

.25 

4 1 — Carpenters 

329 

6 

90 

8 

.60 

42 — 

394 

34 

«< 

90 

8 

.60 

43 — 

306 

90 

8 

.60 

44 — 

676 

90 

8 

.60 

434 

90 

8 

.60 

46—  “ ! ; ” 

320 

90 

8 

.60 

47 — “ miilw 

55 

90 

8 

.60 

48 — 

125 

125 

90 

8 

.60 

49 — 

70 

90 

8 

.60 

50 — 

138 

14 

90 

8 

.60 

51 — “ bn.  hds 

235 

60 

9 

.33 

52 — 

75 

50 

8 

.55 

53 — “ cabinet 

308 

31 

25 

9 

.33 

54 — “ 

77 

90 

8 

.60 

55 — “ helpers.. 

125 

95 

8, 

.25 

56 — Cement  wkrs 

300 

40 

95 

8 

.40 

57 — “ “ 

225 

15 

Organization 

90 

8 

.374 

58 — “ “ 

200 

90 

8 

.371 

59 — “ “ ; ; 

150 

50 

Better  organization.*.  . . 

95 

8 

.60“ 

60 — Cigar  makrs. 

940 

' ' i.3 
1 

17 

Sunday  lid  law  . 

95 

8 

.26 

61 — “ packers.. 

23 

100 

8 

$3 . 00 

62 — Cooks .... 

55 

10 

10 

10 

25.00 

63 — Coopers 

106 

99 

8 

.50 

64 — 

168 

14 

50 

9 

.324 

22 

90 

9 

.27j 

66 — Elect  rot  ypers. . 

64 

100 

9 

.42 

67— 

64 

100 

8 

3 . 75 

68 — Elec,  wkrs 

332 

100 

8 

.65 

69—  ••  : 

41 

95 

8 

.65 

70 — “ “ .... 

400 

75 

8 

3 . 75 

71 — Elevator  const. 

85 

98 

8 

5.00 

72 — Engineers,  sta. 

260 

20 

10 

.45 

61 


Organized  Labor,  St.  Louis,  1909-10. 


TABLE  NO.  2— ST.  LOUIS  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS — Continued. 

Showing  location,  schedule  number  and  trade  or  occupation,  1910;  membership  on  December 
31,  1909;  increase  or  decrease  1909  over  1908;  per  cent  of  trade  organized  locally,  1909;  number  of 
hours  constituting  a day’s  work  in  1909;  standard  wages  established  by  local  during  1909. 


Location, 
schedule  No. 
and  trade  or 
occupation. 
1909-10. 

dembei 

Dec.  31 

during 

1909 

3.S3 

oQ 

3 CD 

1 P 

^ CO 

Cause  of  increase  or 
decrease, 

1909. 

Per  cent  of  trade  organ- 
ized locally,  1909 

No.  of  hours  constituting 
day’s  work  in  1909. . . . 

Standard  wages  es- 
tablished by  local 
during  1909. 

ss  ! 

p “ o 

*-S  CD 

o 

CD 

S3 

co 

*tf 

CD 

S3* 

O 

c 

d 

o 

P* 

09 

•d 

CD 

a 

p 

d 

o 

p 

09 

t3 

CD 

>1 

35 

CD 

CD 

sc 

CO 

« 

*3 

a> 

3 

p 

CO 

in  \ 

S3 

O 

3 

p 

CO 

a> 

d 

<t> 

O 

3 

p 

CO 

cd 

Louis — 

73 —  Engineers,  mar 

74 — “ hoisting 

75 —  Firemen,  sta.. . 

76 —  Foundry  lbrs. . 

77 —  Garment  wkrs  . 

78 — 

80 

48 

250 

328 

75 

iso 

15 

150 

150 

20 

165 

7 

70 

100 

10 

40 

80 

50 

50 

50 

50 

75 

50 

50 

100 

90 

95 

75 

95 

98 

98 

98 

98 

100 

100 

100 

98 

75 

25 

65 

25 

100 

25 

35 

30 

30 

90 

35 

98 

75 

75 

95 

85 

70 

75 

30 

65 

98 

90 

12 

8 

8 

9 

8 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

8* 

8f 

8.5 

9 

8 

9 

per 

.62* 

.30 

mo. 

$90.00 

$2.05 

30 

Black  list 

20.00 

9.00 

15.00 

16.00 
9 —18 
10—27 

9.50 

400 

79—  “ 

80— 

81— 

82—  “ 

83—  “ 

84 — 

50 

175 

300 

80 

2 

Organization 

.37* 

5.00 

86 — “ wkrs.  . . . 

87 —  Granite  cutrs. . 

88 —  Hatters  . . 

165 

57 

21 

175 

175 

145 

600 

225 

98 

105 

150 

575 

96 

250 

71 

465 

200 

200 

26 

50 

50 

279 

350 

45 

200 

75 
100 
225 
325 

45 

42 

62 

730 

59 

40 

73 

390 

600 

288 

76 
45 

130 

350 

159 

125 

38 

134 

41C 

2oe 

36C 

75 

4C 

25C 

75 

15 

15—20 

.50 

3.00 

89 —  Horse  shoers . . 

90 — Hod  carriers. . . 

91—  “ 

92—  “ 

93—  “ 

94 —  Iron  workers  . . 

95—  “ 

96—  “ 

97—  “ 

98 —  Lathers 

9 
8 
8 
8 
8 
8 
8 
8 
8 
8 

10 

8* 

9 

9 

9 

9 

8 

8 

8 

9 

10 

9 

9 

9 

9 

10 
9 

10 

9 

18.00 

.45 

.45 

.45 

.45 

.62* 

40 

15.00 

4.66 

200 

Organization  

.60 

.621 

99 — Leather  wkrs. . 
100—  " “ .. 

101 —  Machinists .... 

102 — 

103— 

104 —  Marble  wkrs. . . 

105—  “ 

106—  “ 

107 —  Metal  workers . 

108—  “ 

109—  “ 

110—  “ 

111—  “ 

112—  “ 

1 13 — Moulders 

18.00 

20.00 

70 

.331 

.36 

.331 

.35 

.561 

95 

Organization 

2.20 

.561 

.45 

.311 

.35 

.35 

.35 

10 

Organization 

3.15 

114 — 

75 

Better  conditions 

' .35 

' .371 

i .35 

i 

115 — 

116 — 

26 . 66 

117 —  Moving  picturs 

1 18 —  Musieia.ns 

25 

3 

65 

119 — “ 

120 —  News  carriers. . 

121 —  Painters 

90 

90 

90 

85 

35 

95 

95 

90 

80 

90 

90 

75 

98 

95 

90 

98 

100 

100 

10 

8 

8 

8 

8 

S 

8 

8 

' 8 
i S 
' 8 
i • 8 
i 1C 
; 8 
. 8 
i 8 
l 8 
i 8 
i 8 
i 8 

1 .50 

1 .50 

1 .50 

1 .50 

l .35 
; .45 

1 . 621 

i .60 

1 .471 

122 — 

123 — 

33 

20 

Organization 

124 — 

125 — 

126 — 

127 — 

1 

128 — 

! 

129 —  Pattern  mkrs. . 

130 —  Photo  Engrv.  . 

131 —  Pipe  coverers. . 

132 —  Pile  drivers . . . 

1 33 —  Pla.st.erers 

1 

21  .00 

6 

\ .621 
> .30 

! .75 

i 

> . . . 

134 

10 

i . . . 

More  business 

134  “ hlprs.  . 

135 — Plumbers 

4.50 

5.30 

i . . 

4C 

i . . . 

i 

; 

136 — 

> 

10 

Organization 

; .661 

i 

. 

137—  “ 

4.871 

138—  “ lbrs.  . 

139—  P.  O.  clerks . . . 

i 

25 
1 . . . 

i .371 
i 

50 

Education 

G2 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics,  1910. 


TABLE  NO.  2 — ST.  LOUIS  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS— Continued. 

Showing  location,  schedule  number  and  trade  or  occupation,  1910;  membership 
on  December  31,  1909;  increase  or  decrease,  1909  over  1908;  percent  of  trade  or- 
ganized locally,  1909;  number  of  hours  constituting  a day’s  work  in  1909;  standard 
wages  established  by  local  during  1909. 


Location , 
schedule  No. 
and  trade  or 
l occupation, 

^ 1909-10. 

Membership 

Dec.  31, 1908 

Increase  or 

decrease 

during  year 

1908 

■ 

Cause  of  increase  or 
decrease, 

1909. 

Per  cent  of  trade  organ- 
ized locally,  1909.  . . . 

No.  of  hours  constituting 
day’s  work  in  1909.  . . . 

Standard  wages  es- 
tablished by  local 
during  1909. 

Cents- per  hour.  . i 

1 

Dollars  per  day. . 

Dollars  per  week. 

Males 

Females . . . 

Increase . . . 

Deciease. . . 

St.  Louis — 

1 50 

100 

•8 

$3  25 

141 — 

sin 

1 

93 

8 

4i  n 

11 

90 

8 

73 

75 

8 

52 — 60 

144 — “ mailers. 

102 

17 

Increase  of  business.  . . . 

99 

8 

.34f 

1 1 55 

35 

58 

90 

8 

.38 

143 

27 

To  better  conditions. . . . 

70 

9 

.21 

147 — “ “ 

53 

34 

Organization 

100 

10 

i .25§ 

148 — “ 

18 

10 

10 

• 25i 

19 

More  work 

90 

10 

3.45 

44 

1 

Old  age 

76 

10 



151 — “ 

i nn 

5 

Deaths 

90 

10 



6.00 

152 — “ “ 

90 

' 

3 

95 

10 

.40 

153  “ “ 

12 

98 

10 

.45 

154 — “ “ 

44 

1 

95 

10 

.40 

155 — “ firemen 

206 

40 

New  material  joining.  . . 

85 

10 

.24 

1 56 — l<  * * 

100 

1 

95 

10 

3.20 

157 — Ry.  firemen. 

74 

I 

90 

10 

3.20 

158 — “ “ ! ! . 

68 

10 

Promotion 

95 

10 

.27 

159 — “ “ ! ' ' 

124 

3 

::: 

Transfer 

95 

10 

3.20 

160 — “ switchmen 

105 

1 

Organization 

75 

10 

.37 

161 — “ “ 

50 

5 

75 

10 

.37 

162 — “ “ 

1 65 

75 

10 

.37 

163 — “ telegrphrs  . 

1035 

15 

122 

Better  conditions 

80 

10 

per 

mo. 

$55 . 00 

164—  “ 

850 

50 

i 35 

“ “ 

80 

10 

55.00 

165 — “ trainmen. 

120 

35 

90 

10 

.35 

166 — “ “ 

210 

20 

Transfer 

90 

10 

.35 

3l20 

167 — “ <•  ‘ 

80 

90 

10 

.35 

168 — “ 

210 

90 

10 

.35 

169 — “ “ 

167 

95 

10 

3.20 

170 — Retail  clerks.. 

73 

5 

10 

.25 

50 

1 25 

5 

10 

.25 

172— Roofers *.' ! 

65 

12 

Organization 

98 

8 

• 62i 

173 — “ comp. 

210 

* 4 

98 

8 

.55 

174 — Sawsmiths . 

14 

65 

9 

20.00 

175 — Steel  rng.  mkrs 

1 10 

10 

Strike 

50 

9 



3.20 



176 — “ “ “ 

85 

5 

50 

9 

:::::: 

3 . 001 

177 — Ship  carpentrs. 

41 

70 

8 

3.75 

178 — Steam  fitters. 

156 

10 

50 

8 

.681 

179 — “ “ hips. 

152 

90 

8 

.37^ 

180 — Stone  cutters 

277 

Organization 

100 

8 

.56i 

181—  “ “ lbrs . ! 

158 

54 

100 

8 

■ 37  £ 

182 — “ 11  pvrs. 

55 

5 

60 

8 

.50 

183 — “ “ hlprs  . 

80 

100 

8 

.30 

184 — Tailors 

333 

0 

25 

2.00 

185 — Teamsters,  p.h. 

10  50 

80 

11 

15.00 

186 — “ erg.  drv 

900 

50 

12 

13.75 

187 — *'  dpt.  str 

1 85 

90 

11 

13.75 

188 — **  fur.  drv 

1 35l 

90 

10 

15.00 

189 — “ bg.  drv. 

1 85 1 

90 

111 

14.30 

190 — “ pno.  m I 

J.O.J  .... 

64 

100 

10 

15.00 

191 — Terra  Cotta  wk 

87 

90 

10 

.27i 

192 — Tobacco  wks . 

22 

40 

95 

9 

10.00 

193 — Stage  emplys. . i 

114 

100 

194 — Tuck  pointers. 

69 

75 

8 

.60 

195 — Upholsterers. . . 

195 

80 

9 

18.00 

196 — Waiters 

9 50 

19 

Organization  . . 

25 

10 

12.00 

197 — “ 

35 

10 

10 

12.00 

1 98 — Woodworkers. 

60 

10 

9 

. 29£' 

199 — 

134 

.... 

34 

Organization 

25 

10 

.25 

Organized  Labor , St.  Louis,  1909-10. 


63 


ST.  LOUIS  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS,  1909-10— Continued. 

TABLE  NO.  3. 

Showing  location  and  schedule  number  and  trade  or  occupation  in  1910;  wages  of  1909  com- 
pared with  wages  of  1908;  showing  increase  or  decrease  per  hour,  day,  week,  month,  ton,  mile,  and 
for  piece  work,  if  any. 


During  the  year 
1909,  as  compared 
with  1908,  did 
wages  increase.* 


During  the  year 
1909,  as  compared 
with  1908,  did 
wages  Increase.* 


Location,  schedule 
No.  and  occupation, 
' 1909-10. 


St.  Louis — 

11 — Book  makers.  . . . $ 

14 — “ binders 

20 — Boiler  mkrs.  hips 

33 —  Bricklayers 

34—  “ 

35—  “ 

36 — “ 

66 — Electrotypers. . . . 
70 — Electrical  wkrs . . 


Location,  schedule 
No.  and  occupation, 
1909-10. 


► 
a a 
a>  g 
3 © 

<7+  3 
" 3 


: o 
; 3 


$ 

o 

n 


o 

3 


: a 


a 


oh 


$1.00 


.02 

.05 

.05 

.05 

.05 

.04 

.03^ 


72 — Engineers,  sta. 
75 — Firemen,  sta.  . 
87 — Granite  cutters 
108 — Metal  workers. 
115 — Molders 

160 —  Rv.  switchmen 

161—  “ 

162—  “ . 

173— Roofers 

177 — Ship  carpenters. 


*No  decrease  reported. 

**For  the  tables  in  which  the  cities,  towns  and  schedule  numbers  are  missing,  the  unions  re" 
porting  either  had  no  information  along  that  line  to  report,  or  the  secretaries  did  not  answer  all 
questions  put  to  them  by  the  Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics  schedule.  In  most  cases  there  was  nothing 
new,  nor  no  changes,  to  report.  In  table  1 all  labor  organizations  which  reported  are  given  in  the 
alphabetical  order  of  the  city  or  town  in  which  they  are  located. 


ST.  LOUIS  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS,  1909-10— Continued. 

. TABLE  NO.  4. 

Showing  location,  schedule  number  and  trade  or  occupation,  1910;  average  number  of  days 
employed  in  1909;  organization  reporting  more  or  less  work  in  1909  as  compared  with  1908;  the 
regular  hours  per  day,  except  Saturdays  in  1909;  hours  of  work  Saturdays,  1909;  per  cent  of  members 
unemployed,  and  cause  of  non-employment  in  1909. 


Location,  schedule 
No.  and  occupation, 
1909-10. 

Average  No.  of  days  em- 
ployed during  1909 

Organizations  reporting 
more  or  less  work  in  1909, 
as  compared  with  1908. . 

Regular  No.  of  hours  per 
day  except  Saturday,  1909 

No.  of  hours  worked  Sat- 
urday 1909  

Per  cent  of  members 
ployed  in  1909  for 
ter  ending 

unem- 

quar- 

Specific  cause  of  non- 
employment, 

1909. 

March  31 

* 

June  30 

September  30 . . . 

December  31.. . . 

St.  Louis — 

1 — Badge  makers  . 

310 

Same 

9 J 

7 4 

2 — Bakers  . ... 

312 

9 

9 

3 — 

312 

<* 

10 

10 

4 — 

312 

«« 

10 

10 

5 — Barbers 

13 

15 

6 — Bartenders.  . . . 

300 

Same 

10 

10 

7 — Bill  posters. . . . 

312 

More . 

10 

10 

64 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics,  1910, 


TABLE  NO.  4— ST.  LOUIS  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS— Continued. 

Showing  location,  schedule  number  and  trade  or  occupation,  1910;  average  number  of  days 
employed  in  1909;  organization  reporting  more  or  less  work  in  1909  as  compared  with  1908;  the 
regular  hours  per  day,  except  Saturdays  in  1909;  hours  of  work  Saturdays,  1909;  per  cent  of  members 
unemployed,  and  cause  of  non-employment  in  1909. 


Location,  schedule 
No.  and  occupation, 
1909-10. 

Average  No.  of  days  em- 

ployed during  1909 

Organizations  reporting 

more  or  less  work  in  1909, 

as  compared  with  1908. . 

Regular  No.  of  hours  per 

day  except  Saturday,  1909 

No.  of  hours  worked  Sat- 

urday, 1909 

Per  cen 
ployed 

§ 

p 

o 

S' 

CO 

t of  m( 
i in  19 
ter  en 

£ 

£ 

a> 

CO 

o 

^ ° wi  September  30  . . . 

£ 

unem- 

quar- 

U 

CD 

8 

B 

cr 

cd 

•-1 

CO 

Specific  cause  of  non- 
employment, 
1909. 

St.  Louis — 

290 

More . 

9 

9 

9 — ‘ ‘ hlprs. . 

300 

9 

9 

10 — “ “ . 

260 

10 

10 

300 

8 

8 

.300 

8 

8 

8 

4 . . 

300 

More . 

8 

8 

15 — Boot  & Shoe  wk 

260 

Less. . 

10 

5 

16 — “ “ cutrs 

260 

10 

5 

17 — “ “ fitrs 

260 

10 

5 

250 

More . 

9 

9 

19 — “ “ 

250 

20 — “ “ hlDS 

250 

9 

9 

21 — “ “ “ 

8 

8 

22 — “ “ “ 

260 

More . 

10 

10 

2.1 — Rnt.t.lp.rs 

210 

Same 

8 

8 

24 — Brewery  wkrs. . 

250 

8 

8 

25 — 

160 

More . 

8 

8 

26 — “ “ dr  vs 

365 

Same 

9 

9 

27 — “ “ firm. 

365 

8 

8 

28 — “ “ btlrs 

300 

8 

4 

29 — “ “ ft  hd 

240 

Same 

8 

8 

30 — “ engineers. 

310 

8 

8 

31 — “ laborers. 

300 

8 

8 

32 — “ oilers  & 

helpers.  . 

300 

8 

8 

33 — Bricklavers 

200 

Same 

8 

4 

34 — “ ; ; . . 

210 

More . 

8 

4 

35 — “ . ’ . . 

210 

8 

4 

36 — “ & st  msn 

8 

4 

37 — “ 

100 

Same 

8 

4 

38 — Broom  makers. 

More. 

9 

7 

5 

7 

5 

4 

39 — Brush 

310 

9 

4 

40 — Butchers  . 

300 

Same 

10 

10 

4 1 — Carpenters 

250 

8 

4 

42 — “ 

250 

8 

4 

43 — 

250 

More . 

8 

4 

44 — “ 

250 

8 

4 

40 

50 

Bad  weather. 

45 — “ 

250 

8 

4 

30 

50 

46 — " . . . . 

275 

8 

4 

47 — “ mlwrts. 

280 

8 

4 

48—  “ 

200 

8 

4 

49 — • 

250 

8 

4 

50 — 

250 

a 

8 

4 

51 — “ bchhds 

300 

a 

9 

9 

52—  “ 

225 

a 

8 

4 

53 — “ cabinet 

275 

a 

9 

5 

54 — 

250 

a 

8 

4 

55 — “ hlprs.  . 

230 

Same 

8 

4 

56 — Cement  wkrs... 

230 

More. 

8 

4 

100 

15 

20 

90 

Bad  weather. 

57—  “ “ . 

210 

** 

8 

4 

60 

“ <4  • 

58—  “ “ : 

210 

<< 

8 

4 

60 

4 4 4 4 

59—  “ “ ... 

220 

a 

8 

4 

70 

4 4 4 4 

60 — Cigar  makers.  . . 

275 

“ 

8 

6 

3 

3 

3 

4 

61 — “ packers..  . 

300 

* * 

8 

4 

62 — Cooks 

365 

Same 

10 

10 

63 — Coopers 

300 

8 

4 

2 

2 

3 

4 

Depression  of  busns. 

64—  “ 

300 

More . 

8 

4 

30 

20 

10 

Prohibition. 

65 — “ 

160 

Same 

9 

9 

66 — Electrotypers.  . 

9 

5 

30 

20 

• 25 

30 

67— 

8 

8 

68 — Electrical  wkrs. 

300 

Same 

8 

4 

69— 

8 

4 

Organized  Labor , St.  Louis , 1909-10. 


65 


TABLE  NO.  4— ST.  LOUIS  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS— Continued. 

Showing  location,  schedule  number  and  trade  or  occupation,  1910;  average  number  of  days 
employed  in  1909;  organization  reporting  more  or  less  work  in  1909  as  compared  with  1908;  the 
regular  hours  per  day,  except  Saturdays  in  1909;  hours  of  work  Saturdays,  1909;  per  cent  of  members 
unemployed,  and  cause  of  non-employment  in  1909. 


Location,  schedule 
No.  and  occupation, 
1909-10. 

Average  No.  of  days  em- 

ployed during  1909 

Organizations  reporting 

1 more  or  less  work  in  1909, 

as  compared  with  1908. . 

Regular  No.  of  hours  per 

day  except  Saturday, 1909 

No.  of  hours  worked  Sat- 

urday, 1909 

Per  cen 
ploye 

■-i 

o 

O' 

co 

it  of  mi 
:d  in  19( 
ter  er 

«H 

e 

3 

re 

CO 

o 

embers 
)9  for  i 
iding 

CO 

re 

•a 

re 

3 

o' 

re 

CO 

© 

unem- 

qtiar- 

O 

re 

8 

3 

o' 

re 

CO 

Specific  cause  of  non- 
employment, 

1909. 

St.  Louis — 

70 — Electrical  wkrs. 

Same 

8 

8 

71 — Elevator  constr 

250 

More . 

8 

4 

72 — Engineers,  sta. 

312 

10 

10 

73 — 1 ‘ mrn 

275 

Same 

12 

12 

74 — ■ “ hstg 

300 

8 

4 

75 — Firemen,  sta 

365 

«« 

8 

8 

76 — Foundry  lbrs . . 

275 

Less. . 

9 

9 

77 — Garment  wkrs. 

Same 

8 

4 

60 

Black  list. 

78 — 

300 

9 

5 

79 — 

300 

9 

5 

80 — 

300 

<• 

9 

5 

81 — 

300 

9 

5 

82— 

270 

9 

9 

83 — 

300 

More . 

8 

4 

84 — 

300 

8 

4 

85 — Glass  blowers 

Less. . 

8 

4 

75 

75 

Depression  in  busins. 

86 — “ wkrs  . . 

9 

6 

20 

10 

10 

20 

87 — Granite  cutter . 

Same 

8 

4 

10 

10 

10 

50 

Bad  weather. 

88 — TTfl.t.t.prs 

9 

5 

10 

25 

10 

20 

Lack  of  work. 

89 — Horse  shoers. . 

312 

•« 

9 

8 

90 — Hod  carriers 

208 

More. 

8 

4 

91 — “ 

208 

8 

4 

92 — “ 

208 

»* 

8 

4 

93 — “ 

208 

“ 

8 

4 

94 — Iron  wkrs ...  . 

160 

*• 

8 

4 

95—  “ “ 

75 

Same 

8 

7 

15 

10 

10 

96 — “ “ . 

150 

More . 

8 

8 

97 — “ 

200 

8 

4 

33£ 

33 1 

Bad  weather. 

98 — Lathers 

<< 

8 

4 

50 

10 

25 

99 — Leather  wkrs . . 

250 

<< 

10 

5 

100 — 

300 

• < 

8 

4 

101 — Machinists.  . . . 

290 

Same 

9 

7 

102 — 

270 

More . 

9 

9 

103 — “ 

270 

9 

5 

104 — Marble  wkrs  . . 

Less. . 

9 

9 

105 — “ 

270 

Same 

8 

4 

106 — “ “ . . . 

270 

8 

4 

107 — Metal  wkrs. . . . 

250 

<< 

8 

4 

40 

Bad  weather. 

108—  “ “ 

250 

More. 

9 

5 

25 

25 

109 — “ “ 

260 

10 

10 

110—  “ “ 

300 

Same 

9 

9 

111—  “ “ 

300 

9 

9 

112—  “ “ 

300 

«* 

9 

9 

113 — Moulders  . . . . 

** 

9 

9 

114 — 

160 

<< 

10 

10 

115—  “ 

160 

9 

9 

116 — “ 

260 

More. 

10 

10 

117 — Moving  picture 

365 

10 

10 

118 — Musicians 

119 — 11  

120 — News  carriers.  . 

365 

Same 

121 — Painters 

220 

More . 

8 

4 

122—  “ 

210 

8 

4 

123 — “ 

210 

124 — “ 

200 

• * 

4 

33 

50 

Weather  conditions. 

125 — “ 

280 

Same 

9 

92 

126—  “ 

300 

8 

4 

127—  “ 

250 

** 

8 

4 

128—  “ 

210 

More . 

8 

4 

129 — Pattern  mkrs.  . 

10 

5 

130 — Photo  Engrv. . . 

313 

Same 

8 

4 

131 — Pipe  coverers.  . 

8 

4 

25 

50 

20 

Lack  of  work. 

132 — Pile  drivers. . . . 

2io 

More. 

10 

10 

O L—  5 


66 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910, 


TABLE  NO.  4— ST.  LOUIS  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS— Continued. 

Showing  location  and  schedule  number;  trade  or  occupation,  1910;  average  number  of  days 
employed  in  1909;  organizations  reporting  more  or  less  work  in  1909;  as  compared  with  1908;  regular 
hours  per  day,  except  Saturday;  hours  worked  Saturday;  per  cent  of  members  unemployed;  and 
cause  of  non-employment  in  1909. 


Location  and 
schedule  No. 
1909-10. 

Average  No.  of  days  em- 
ployed during  1909.... 

Organizations  reporting 
more  or  less  work  in  1909, 
as  compared  with  1908. . 

Regular  No.  of  hours  per 
day  except  Saturday,  1909 

No.  of  hours  worked  Sat- 
urday  

Per  cer 
ployei 

g 

p 

0 

00 

it  of  rm 
i in  19( 
ter  en 

Ch 

C 

CD 

CO 

O 

£ 

September  30  . . . 

£ 05  -Q 

unem- 

quar- 

O 

rD 

O 

<T> 

3 

o- 

a> 

CO 

Specific  cause  of  non- 
employment, 
1909. 

St.  Louis — 

133 — Plasterers 

22C 

More. 

8 

4 

134 — “ hips.. 

208 

8 

4 

135 — Plumbers 

265 

Same 

8 

4 

15 

25 

136 — “ 

270 

8 

4 

137 — “ 

208 

More . 

8 

4 

138 — “ lbrs . . 

275 

8 

4 

139 — P.  O.  clerks.  . . 

100 

8 

8 

' 

141—  “ 

Same 

8 

8 

3 

3 

3 

3 

8 

8 

260 

Same 

312 

More . 

8 

8 

Same 

10 

10 

15 

10 

12 

12 

147 — “ 

260 

10 

10 

148 — “ 

300 

More . 

10 

10 

149 — - “ conductors. 

240 

10 

10 

10 

10 

151 — “ 

365  

10 

10 

152 — “ 

3651  More. 

10 

10 

153 — “ 

340  “ 

10 

10 

154 — “ “ 

“ 

10 

10 

155 — “ firemen 

300 

10 

10 

40 

25 

15 

Slack  season. 

156 — “ 

340 

4 4 

10 

10 

157 — “ 

340 

10 

10 

158 — “ 

10 

10 

' 

159 — “ 

330 

10 

10 

160 — “ switchmen 

350 

Same 

10 

10 

161 — “ 

350  “ 

10 

10 

162 — “ “ 

350  “ 

10 

10 

163 — “ telegraphrs 

365  “ 

10 

10 

164 — “ “ 

365  “ 

10 

10 

165 — “ trainmen.  . 

365  “ 

10 

10 

10 

10 

10 

166 — “ 

340  More. 

10 

10 

167 — “ 

340  “ 

10 

10 

168 — “ 

345 

J Less. . 

10 

10 

169 — “ 

340  “ 

10 

10 

170 — Retail  clerks. 

307  Same 

10 

14 

171 — “ 

300  “ 

10 

14 

172 — Roofers 

208!  More. 

8 

4 

173 — “ comp... 

225 

1 Same 

8 

4 

40 

1 74 — Sawsmit.hs 

270  More 

9 

9 

175 — Steel  rng.  wkrs. 

200 

I .ess. . 

9 

5 

176 — “ “ “ 

250  “ 

9 

9 

177 — Ship  carpenters 

200  “ * 

8 

8 

25 

25 

50 

75 

Lack  of  work. 

178 — Steam  fitters..  . 

240  Same 

8 

4 

20 

40 

60 

9 

179 — “ “ hlprs 

195  “ 

8 

4 

180 — Stone  cutters. 

2201  “ 

8 

4 

181 — “ “ lbrs.  . 

270  

8 

4 

182 — “ “ pavrs 

8 

4 

183 — “ “ hlprs 

260 



1 More . 

8 

4 

184 — Tailors 

300 

Same 

10 

20 

Lack  of  work. 

185 — Teamsters,  p.  h 

300 

11 

11 

186 — “ erg  drvs 

365  “ 

12 

12 

187 — “ dpt.  str  . 

300  “ 

11 

11 



188 — “ furn  dvs 

310 

1 it 

10 

10 

189 — “ bgg.  drv 

300 

] 1 

1 1 

190 — “ piano  m. 

300 

<* 

10 

10 



191 — Terra  Cotta  wk. 

290'  “ 

10 

5 

192 — Tobacco  wkrs. . 

300 

<< 

1 9 

8 

193 — Stage  emplys. 

270 

194 — Tuck  pointers.. 

200 

Less. . 

8 

4 

1 Q5 — Uphnlst.p.rs 

260 

More . 

9 

9 



1 96 — Waiters 

300 

Same 

10 

10 

197 — 

365 

10 

10 

198 — Woodworkers. . 

280 

More . 

9 

9 

199 — 

290 

10 

10 

Organized  Labor,  Sl\  Louis,  1909-10, 


67 


ST.  LOUIS  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS,  1909-10— Continued. 

TABLE  NO.  5. 

Showing  location,  schedule  number  and  trade  or  occupation,  1910;  giving  amount  per  week  out- 
of-work  benefit,  strike  benefit,  sick  and  accident  benefit,  death  and  funeral  benefit,  paid  in  1909; 
total  amount  paid  from  each  fund  in  1909;  total  amount  paid  from  all  benefit  funds  in  1909; 
number  of  strikes  and  lockouts  in  1909;  number  of  strikes  settled  satisfactorily  in  1909. 


Location,  schedule  No. 
and  occupation, 
1909-10. 


St.  Louis — 

1 —  Badge  makers. 

2 —  Bakers 

3—  “ 


5 —  Barbers 

6 —  Bartenders 

7 —  Billposters 

8 —  Blacksmiths 

9 — “ hlprs.. 
10—  “ “ 

11 —  Book  makers 

12 — rulers 

13 — “ finishers 

14 — “ binders 

15 —  Boot  & shoe  wkrs. . 

16 — “ “ cutters. 

17 — “ “ fitters. . 

18 —  Boiler  makers 


hlprs. 


-Bottiers 

-Brewery  workers 


“ “ drvs. . . . 

“ firemen 
“ bottlrs. . 
frght.  hdlrs. 
engineers . . . 
laborers . . . . 
“ oilers  & hips 

-Bricklayers 


& stn  msns 


20- 
21- 
22- 

23- 

24- 

25- 

26- 

27- 

28- 

29— 

30— 

31— 

32— 

33— 

34— 

35— 

36— 

37— 

38— 

39— 

40— 

41— 

42— 

43— 

44— 

45— 

46 — 

47— 

48— 

49— 

50— 

51— 

52— 

53— 

54— 

55— 

56 —  Cement  workers. 

57— 

58— 

59— 


-Broom  makers . 
-Brush  makers . 

-Butchers 

-Carpenters. . . . 


millrights. 


bnch  hnds 


cabinet. 


helpers . 


* 3 

°o 

p^j 

a 

_ CD 

to 


$3.00 


’ crg» 

• 2 3 

• 2 o 


CL  - 

o.q 


3 o 
orq  7 


> 

S3 

p ° 


to  ^ 


H 

cro 


:3 

T3  o 
P c 

£2- 

D. 


P 3 

o 3 

o O 

Eg 

rt>  P 


COO 

o?r 


H >• 

S*P  O I H-  M 3 
to  p p 
a p | o o 
'©crS 
to  CD  p • a 2. 

03  3 • 3 ^ 

• 2,2, 

: 2?  - 

g 3 1 


330 


f§ 

7 a 


. -P- 

(T> 

. *3  £. 
. n>  7; 
; >i  cr 

• » p 

• 3 2 

• CD  Q. 

: 3? 

: op 


as  3 go 
l_  CD  •— 

®P  S 

g~3 

. cro 


Cfl  P 

£3 

2 o 

3.3 

3 3 
act  c+ 

to  p 
O 

to  P> 


$600 


4.00 


3.50 


12.00 


$6.00 

6.00 

6.00 


5.00! 

7.00j 

7.00 

5.00 

6.00 
7.00 


$6.00 

5.00 

5.00 

5.00 


$604 


4.00 

4.00 

4.00 

4.00 

6.00 
6.00 
6.00 

5.00 

7.00 

5.00 

7.00 
7.00 

7.00 

7.001 


160  . 


5.00 

5.00 

5.00 

5.00 


7.00 

7.00 


5.001. 
7.00  . 


5.00 


5.00  . 

6.00  . 

5.00  . 


6.00 


5.00 


5.00! 

6.00 

6.00! 

6.00 

6.00 


6.00 

6.001 

5.001 

5.00 

6.00 
6.00 


4.00 

6.00 


5.00 

5.00 

5.00 


4.00 

4.00 

4.00 

4.00 

4.00 

4.00 

4.00 


4.00 
4.00 
4.00 
4.00 
4 00 
4.00 


$2,800! 
1.300, 
150 1 




$200 

400 

100 

100 


125 


50 


72 

60 

84 

240 

96 

300 

48 


5.00 


100 

50 

50 

50 

100 

100 

100 

50 

50 


150 


150 

350 

350 

350 

100 

80 


200 

200 

200 

200 

200 

200 

200 


200 

200 

200 

200 


$800 

1,400 

200 


300 


$600 


3,600 

2,700 

350 


904 


150 

200 


1,850 


2,650 

1,050 

700 

1,400 

100 

80 


400 

6C0 

200 

1,200 

400 


600 

200 

400 

200 


200  . 
100i. 
75 

100 

751 


150 

225 


75 


260 

450 

150 

550 


.050 


2,775 

1,050 

700 

1,400 

100 

130 


472 

660 

284 

1,440 

496 

300 

48 


712 

260 

482 

200 

200 


ind  lo< 


68 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics,  1910. 


TABLE  NO.  5 — ST.  LOUIS  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS— -Continued. 

Showing  location  and  schedule  number,  trade  or  occupation,  1910;  giving  amount  per  week  out- 
of-work  benefit,  strike  benefit,  sick  and  accident  benefit,  death  and  funeral  benefit,  paid  in  1909; 
total  amount  paid  from  each  fund  in  1909;  total  amount  paid  from  all  benefit  funds  in  1909;  number 
of  strikes  and  lockouts  in  1909;  number  of  strikes  settled  satisfactorily  in  1909. 


Location,  schedule  No. 
and  occupation, 
1909-10. 

Amount  per  week  “ out-of- 

work  benefit,”  1909 

Total  amount  of  “out-of- 

work  benefit”  paid  during 

1909 

i 

1 

( 

1 

( 

Amount  per  week  “strike 

benefit.”  1909 

Total  amount  of  “strike 

benefit”  paid  during  1909. 

Amount  per  week  “sick  and 
accident  benefit,”  1909... 

G 

< 

< 

Total  amount  of  “sick  andi 
accident  benefit”  paid  dur- 
ing 1 909 

. Louis — 

60 — Cigarmakers 

3.00 

16.00 

5 00 

22 

5.00 

5,720 

3.00 

5.00 

5.00 

15 

1.00 

5.00 

70 

5.00 

64  “ 

5.00 

500 

5.00 

7.00 

67  “ 

6.00 

7.00 

7 00 

70  “ “ 

10.00 

7.00 

450 

6.00 

7.50 

60 

5.00 

90 

5.00 

250 

4.00 

5.00 

705 

5.00 

1,245 

78 — “ ‘ 4 

5.00 

79 “ “ 

5 00 

80  “ 

5.00 

81 — “ “ 

5.00 

82 — “ “ 

5.00 

83 — “ “ 

5.00 

84 — - “ “ 

5.00 

85 — Glass  blowers 

5.00 

2,000 

Sfi — “ workers 

5.00 

87 — Granite  cutters 

7.50 

100 

5.00 

500 

92 — 

93 — “ “ 

94 — Tron  wnrkp.'s 

5.00 

95 — “ “ 

5.00 

200 

4.50 

5.00 

200 

96 — • “ 

4 00 

5.00 

200 

97 — “ 

5.00 

5 00 

900 

98 — Lathers 

QQ — Leather  workers 

5.00 

100 — 

5.00 

101 — Machinists  prog 

7.00 

5.00 

387 

102 — 

6.00 

. 5.00 

103—  “ “ . . . 

1.00 

160 

7.00 

5.00 

200 

104 — Marhle  workers 

5.00 

105 — “ 

106 — 

107 — Metal  workers 

5 00 

5.00 

108 — “ 

5.00 

109 — “ 

5.00 

110 — “ 

5.00 

111 — “ 

5.00 

112 — “ 

5.00 

113 — Moulders.  . . 

7.00 

5.00 

150 

114 — 

7.00 

5.00 

210 

115 — “ 

7.00 

5.00 

65 

117 — Moving  pictures 

5 00 

118 — M usicians 

119 — 

3.00 

42 

120 — Newspaper  carriers.  . 

5.00 

50 

121 — Painters  . 

3.00 

5.00 

75 

122 — 

5.00 

5.00 

240 

123 — 

5.00 

5.00 

525 

124 — 

5.00 

5.00 

200 

12.5 — 

5.00 

5.00 

105 

126 — “ 

5.00 

5.00 

60 

127—  “ 

5.00 

5.00 

75 

1 28 — “ 

5.00 

5.00 

160 

129 — Pattern  makers  . . . . 

7.00 

4.00 

130 — Photo  engraving 

7.00 

132 — Pile  drivers 

-PL 

p 


3| 

a>  Q- 


a>  •— 

§£■1 

S3  13 
(D 

£3  o 


>13  P- 


P fo 
O.— 
a>  p 

o-3 

£ o 
Up 

£3  13 
tr;  <r* 

»— ‘*0 


50  to 
550 
50 
50 
65 
50 
125 
100 
100 
100 
200 


6,640 

900 

50 


100 

1,600 


500 

75 

200 

75 

75 


100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

500 

100 

200 

100 


200 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 


1,000 

375 

200 

375 

150 


100 

200 

600 

200 

200 

1,000 

400 


200 


400 


525 

175 

150 

500 

100 


13,982 

915 

120 


825 


250 


100 

2.050 


150 

250 

755 

1,345 


375 


500 

400 

1,500 

200 

200 

1,000 

787 


560 


400 


300 

400 

700 

500 

100 


300 

400 


100 


735 

240 

150 

500 

142 

50 

375 

640 

1,225 

700 

205 

60 

375 

560 


100 


3 

pP 

c*-  <3 

o w 

p. 


. 1 


md  lockouts  set’d. 


Organized  Labor,  St.  Louis,  1909-10. 


69 


TABLE  NO.  5— ST.  LOUIS  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS— Continued. 


Showing  location,  schedule  number  and  trade  or  occupation,  1910;  giving  amount  per  week  out- 
of-work  benefit,  strike  benefit,  sick  and  accident  benefit,  death  and  funeral  benefit,  paid  in  1909; 
total  amount  paid  from  each  fund  in  1909;  total  amount  paid  from  all  benefit  funds  in  1909;  number 
of  strikes  and  lockouts  in  1909;  number  of  strikes  settled  satisfactorily  in  1909. 


Location,  schedule  No. 
and  occupation, 
1909-10. 


St.  Louis — 

133 — Plasterers 

135 —  Plumbers 

136—  “ 

137—  “ 

138 — “ laborers. 

140 —  Printing  pressmen . 

141— 


> 
3 3 
°o 

*3 

S'- 


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■ $ o 

(Oj  r> 
o2  P 

cr£ 

2 3 
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CD  <r* 


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142 — 

143 — 

144 — 

145— 


pressfeeders. 

typographia. 

mailers 

compositors. 


conductors, 
engineers . . 


firemen. 


switchmen. 


telegraphers . 
trainmen . . . 


146 —  Rv.  carmen 

147 — 

148 — 

149 — 

150 — 

151 — 

152 — 

153 — 

154 — 

156 — 

157 — 

158 — 

159 — 

160 — 

161 — 

162 — 

163 — 

164 — 

165 — 

166 — 

167 — 

168 — 

169 — 

170 —  Retail  clerks 

171—  “ “ 

172 —  Roofers 

173 — “ composition.  . 

174 —  Sawsmiths 

175 —  Steel  range  makers. . . 

176 — “ “ “ ... 

177 —  Ship  carpenters 

178 —  Steam  fitters 

179 — “ “ helpers. . 

180 —  Stone  cutters 

181 — “ derrickmen.  . . . 

182 — “ pavers 

183 — “ pavers  helpers. . 

184 —  Tailors 

185 —  Teamsters,  truck .... 

186 — “ carrg  dr  vs 

187 — “ dept,  strs 

188 — “ furn  drvs 

189 — “ bgg.  drvs. 

190 — “ pianQ  mvs 

191 —  Terra  cotta  makers. . . 

192 —  Tobacco  workers 

193 —  Stage  employes 

194 —  Tuck  pointers. 

195 —  Upholsterers 

196 —  Waiters 

197—  “ 

198 —  Wood  workers 

199—  “ “ 


5.00 

5.00 

5.00 

5.00 


7.00 

6.00 

15.00 
5.00 

5.00 

7.00 

5.00 

7.00 
7.00 

12.50 

12.00 
10.00 
10.00 
10.00 
12.00 

7.00 

7.50 

7.00 

7.50 
7.00 
7.00 
7.00 


8.00 

7.00 

7.00 

8.50 

10.00 


165 


4.50 


7.00 


5.00 

5.00 


5.00 

5.00 

5.00 

5.00 


5.00 

5.00 

5.00 

5.00 

5.00 


5.00 

5.00 

5.00 

3.00 

5.00 

6.00 
6.00 


5.00 

5.00 

5.00 


1,700 


400 


p a 
o 3 
r.  o 

oig 

CD  3 

3 ^ 

O' 2 
CD  ■-* 

3 S3 
CD  < 

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5.00 

5.00 

5.00 

*5.00 


7.00 


6.00 

7.00 


5. 

5.00 


10 


5.00 

5.00 

5.00 

5.00 

5.00 


500 


H 

575S 

os  o p 

glp 

° 3 3 

o^3 
ST  3 
32. 

CD 


p 

S p 
V a 


500 

940 

185 

25 


co  P 

© 


IS 

ll 


3cS 

as  p p 
^ CD  ' 

©£Lg 

8§ 
CD  ** 

3)0 


■eg- 


3 p 

V a 


1,492 

175f 


40 


190 


200 


350 


5.00 

3.00 


5.00 


75 


161 


100 

100 

100 

100 

75 

100 

225 

200 

200 

100 

125 

300 

250 

250 

1,000 


60 

2,500 


2,000 

1-3,000 

600-3000 

1-3,000 

1,200 

1,200 

1,200 

500-1000 


500-1350 
1,350 
1,350 


1,350 

50-150 

25-200 


100 


100 

100 

100 

100 

100-150 

150 


75 


100 


400 

200 

100 

100 

300 

100 


600 

500 

100 

700 

1,000 


H 

5*S 

3 P 
O-1-1 

ID  p 

o-3 

3 © 

2.c 

3 3 
Otj  c-* 


O ; O 


3 

c*  CD 
O CD 


<< 
a 
£ o 

3’o 

« c 

r* 
•“*  CD 

COr* 


,000 


180 


1.500 

4.500 
2,000 
2,400 


1,200 


2,700 

5,400 


2,700 


800 


200 


300 


400 


9C0 

1,140 

285 

125 

300 

100 

165 

1,000 

585 

100 

2,192 

1,625 


3,000 


1.500 

4.500 
2,000 
2,400 


1,200 


2,700 

5,400 


2,700 

190 


1,000 

1,900 


300 


1,150 


ind  lo< 


70 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


ST.  LOUIS  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS,  1909-10— Continued. 

TABLE  NO.  6. 

Giving  location,  schedule  number  and  trade  or  occupation,  1910;  number  of  strikes  compro- 
mised, 1909;  number  of  strikes  lost,  1909;  number  of  days  duration  of  each  strike,  1909;  total 
number  of  persons  involved  of  each  local  in  strikes.  1909;  cost  of  strikes  or  lockouts  in  1909  to  each 
local;  number  of  persons  directly  benefited  by  strikes  in  1909  for  each  local;  number  of  persons 
worsted  by  strikes  in  each  local  in  1909;  total  amount  expended  by  each  local  in  support  of  strikes 
in  1909. 


Location,  schedule 
No.,  and  occupa- 
tion, 1909-10. 

** 

No. strikes  compromised, 

1909  

No.  strikes  lost,  1909.  . . 

No.  days  duration  of 

! strikes,  1909 

Total  No.  persons  in- 

volved in  strikes,  1909 

Cause  of  strikes  or  lockouts, 
1909,  as  reported  by  the  sec- 
retary of  affected  unions. 

1 No.  persons  directly  ben- 
efited by  strikes  in 
1909  

No.  persons  worsted  by 
strikes  in  1909 

Total  amount  expended 
by  organization  in  sup- 
port of  strikes  in  1909 . 

St.  Louis — 

11 — Book  mkrs. . . 

6 

Women  doing  men’s  work 

6 

$604 

14 — Bookbinders . 

150 

7 

Unfair  conditions 

600 

160 

24 — Brewery  wkrs 

15 

790! 

Waff  ps 

700 

17,000 

34 — Bricklayers  . . 

210 

45!  Waees 

35 — 4 4 44  . . 

210 

45 

“ 

36 — “ “ . 

210 

451 

52 — Carpnts,  1329 

150 

15  Onen  shon 

60 — Cigarmakrs 

10 

3 

Unfair  conditions 

3 

64 — Coopers . 

36 

35 

Reduction  of  wages 

35 

600 

70 — Electrc  wkrs. 

1 

3 

150 

More  money  demanded 

150 

20 

72 — Engineers,  sta 

42 

2 

“ iL  ii 

2 

75 — Firemen  sta 

30 

5 

Reduction  of  wages  . . 

4 

] 

250 

77 — Garment  wks. 

365 

56 

Open  shop 

1,245 

78 — 

90 

400 

9,600 

79 — 

90 

100 

2,400 

81 — 

90 

150 

a << 

3 , 600 

82 — 

365 

40 

“ “ 

3 , 500 

86 — Glass  wkrs. 

<< 

87 — Granite  cutrs 

60 

6 

Scale  of  wages 

4 

2 

1,600 

105 — Marble  wkrs 

1 

10 

50 

Increase  of  wages 

50 

106 — 

1 

10 

50 

50 

129 — Pattern  mkrs 

5 

24 

24 

141 — Pressmpn 

1 

90 

3 

“ “ hours . . 

3 

i65 

173 — Roofers 

• ' ' ' | 

11 

225 

“ “ wages 

225 

500 

184 — Tailors.  . . 

24 

32 

Decrease  of  wages 

118 

400 

Totals  . 

3 

l| 

2194 

1.971 

6 

$41,644 

1 

**For  the  tables  in  which  the  cities,  towns  and  schedule  numbers  are  missing,  the  unions  re- 
porting either  had  no  information  along  that  line  to  report,  or  the  secretaries  did  not  answer  all 
questions  put  to  them  by  the  Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics  schedule.  In  most  cases  there  was  nothing 
new,  nor  no  changes,  to  report.  In  table  1 all  labor  organizations  which  reported  are  given  in  the 
alphabetical  order  of  the  city  or  town  in  which  they  are  located. 


Organized  Labor,  St.  Louis,  1909-10. 


71 


ST.  LOUIS  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS,  1909-10 — Continued. 

TABLE  NO.  7. 

Giving  location,  schedule  number  and  trade  or  occupation  in  1910;  amount  of  wages  lost  by 
each  local  through  strike  in  1909;  gains  in  wages  per  day  for  each  local,  through  strikes  in  1909; 
gains  in  reduction  of  hours  per  day  through  strikes  for  each  local  in  1909;  number  of  times  each 
organization  appealed  for  arbitration  in  1909;  number  of  disputes  settled  by  State  or  voluntary 
boards  of  arbitration  in  1909;  result  of  arbitration. 


Location,  schedule 
No.  and  occupa- 
tion, 1909-10. 


St.  Louis — 

11 — Book  mkrs.. . 
14 — Bookbinders . 
24 — Brewery  wkrs 

34 —  Bricklayers . . 

35— 

36— 

52 — Carpnts,  1329 
60 — Cigarmakrs . . 

64 — Coopers 

70 — Electrc  wks. . 
72 — Engineers,  sta 
75 — Firemen,  sta . 

77 —  Garment  wks. 

78—  “ “ 

79— 

Si— 

82— 

86 —  Glassworkrs. . 

87 —  Granite  cutrs. 

105 —  Marble  wkrs . 

106— 

129 — Pattern  mkrs 
141 — Pressmen. . . . 

173 — Roofers 

i84 — Tailors 


Totals 


cr3 


o ^ 

CTQ  2 


o» 

03 


$90 

60 

21,000 

300 

300 

300 

100 

60 

3,150 

450 

250 

115 

5,760 

15.000 
9,000 

12.000 

18,720 


$ .17 


.251 
. 35| 


1,6001. 

2,2501 

1,100 

1,032 

120 

10,890 

415 


.50 

.25 

.63 


.40 


.$104,062 


Results  of  arbitration, 
1909;  also  statistics 
of  disagreement,  if 
not  settled. 


Still  on. 

3 3 . . . . 3 Favorable. 

Unsettled. 


Satisfactorily. 


Still  on. 


Settled  favorably. 
Compromised. 


p 3 

*3  O' 
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CD  ^ 


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Settled  favorably. 
Lost. 

Won. 


**For  the  tables  in  which  the  cities,  towns  and  schedule  numbers  are  missing,  the  unions 
reporting  either  had  no  information  along  that  line  to  report , or  the  secretaries  did  not  answer 
all  questions  put  to  them  by  the  Bureau  of  Labo  • Statistics  schedule.  In  most  cases  there  was 
nothing  new,  nor  no  changes,  to  report.  In  table  1 all  labor  organizations  which  reported  are 
given  in  the  alphabetical  order  of  the  city  or  town  in  which  they  are  located. 


72 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics,  1910. 


ST.  LOUIS  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS,  1909-10— Continued. 

TABLE  NO.  8. 

Giving  location,  schedule  number  and  trade  or  occupation,  1909-10;  number  of  accidents 
fatal  and  non-fatal,  total,  1909;  if  organizations  had  agreements  with  employers  in  1909;  per  cent 
of  members  of  each  local  working  under  agreements  or  contracts  in  1909;  specific  points  covered 
by  agreements  or  contract  in  1909;  number  of  years  agreement  or  conrtact  covers. 


Location,  schedule] 
No.  and  occupation, 
1909-10. 

Accidents, 

1909. 

Organizations  having  agree- 

ment with  employers,  1909 

Per  cent  of  members  work- 
ing under  agreements,  1909 

Specific  points  covered  by 
agreements. 

Number  of  years  for  which 
agreements^are  made .... 

Number  of  fatal  acci- 

dents during  1909 . . . 

Number  of  non-fatal 

accidents  during  1909 

Total  number  of  acci- 

dents during  1909. . . 

St.  Louis — 

1 — Badge  makers . . 

Yes. . 

120 

Label  contract 

1 

2 — Bakers 

80 

Wages  and  hours 

1 

3 — “ 

100 

1 

4 — “ 

100 

a a 

1 

H 

100 

a a 

6 — Bartenders 

“ 

100 

a ii 

7 — Bill  posters 

100 

a n 

1 

8 — Blacksmiths. . . . 

10 

a a 

1 

9 — “ hlprs. . . 

a 

60 

a a 

1 

10 — “ “ ... 

“ 

100 

a it 

1 1 — Bookmakers. . . . 

1 

1 

95 

2 

1 2 — ‘ ‘ rulers .... 

100 

a a 

13 — “ finishers 

a 

100 

Eight  hour  day 

14 — “ binders 

a 

100 

Wages  and  hours 

1 

15 — Boot  & shoe  wks 

100 

2 

16 — “ “ cutrs 

a 

100 

K << 

2 

17 — “ “ fitters 

a 

100 

a a 

2 

18 — Boiler  makers 

| *< 

100 

a a 

2 

19 — 

a 

100 

a a 

2 

20 — il  il  hips  . 

21 — “ “ hips 

Yes. . 

100 

Wages  and  hours 

22 — “ “ “ 

100 

23 — Bottlers 

<< 

100 

2 

24 — Brewery  wkrs. . . 

1 

27 

28 

“ 

100 

3 

25 — “ “ . 

“ 

100 

2 

26 — “ drivers 

2 

31 

33 

100 

> “ “ 

3 

27 — “ firemn 

H 

100 

ii  a 

1 

28 — “ btlrs. 

78 

78 

100 

3 

29 — “ frt.hdls 

a 

100 

a a 

2 

30 — “ enginrs 

1 

3 

4 

“ 

100 

a a 

5 

31 — “ laborers 

100 

a a 

2 

32 — “ oilers  & 

hlprs 

100 

a a 

2 

S3 — Brir.kla.yp.rs 

1 

6 

7 

100 

a a 

1 

34 — “ 

a 

100 

“ a 

1 

35 — “ 

a 

100 

ll  il 

1 

36 — “ stn  msns 

a 

100 

it  ii 

1 

37 — “ “ “ 

a 

100 

Contract 

1 

38 — Broom  makers 

a 

75 

Hours 

1 

39 — Brush  makers 

100 

Wages  and  hours 

1 

40 — Butchers 

90 

1 

41 — Carpenters  . . 

100 

42 — 

ii 

100 

43 — “ 

a 

100 

44 — “ 

a 

100 

45 — “ 

a 

100 

II  “ 

46 — 

10 

10 

a 

100 

47 — “ mlrts. 

a 

100 

48 — 

3 

3 

100 

49 — 

100 

50 — “ 

a 

100 

fl 

51 — “ bch  hds 

100 

II  a 

52 — 

1 

1 

a 

100 

ii  ii 

53 — “ cabinet 

a 

90 

a a 

54 — 

i* 

100 

a a 

55 — “ hlprs  . 

a 

100 

a a 

56 — Cement  wkrs . . . 

3 

3 

a 

100 

a a 

57 — “ “ _ . 

58 — “ “ ... 

59—  “ “ ... 

1 

Organized  Labor , St.  Louis,  1909-10 


73 


TABLE  NO.  8— ST.  LOUIS  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS— Continued. 

Giving  location,  schedule  number  and  trade  or  occupation,  1909-10;  number  of  accidents, 
fatal  and  non-fatal,  total,  1909;  if  organizations  had  agreements  with  employers  in  1909;  per  cent 
of  members  of  each  local  working  under  agreements  or  contracts  in  1909;  specific  points  covered  by 
agreements  or  contract  in  1909,  number  of  years  agreement  or  contract  covers. 


Accidents, 

1909. 

Organizations  having  agree- 

ment with  employers,  1909 

Per  cent  of  members  work- 

ing under  agreements,  1909 

Specific  points  covered  by 
agreements. 

Number  of  years  for  which 
agreements  are  made 

Location,  schedule 
No.  and  occupation, 
1909-10. 

Number  of  fatal  acci- 

| dents  during  1909. . . 

Number  of  non-fatal 

accidents  during  1909 

Total  number  of  acci- 

dents during  1909 .... 

St.  Louis — 

60 — Cigarmakers. . . . 

61 — Cigar  packers. . . 

Yes. . 

62 — Cooks*. 

100 

Wages  and  hours 

63 — Coopers 

100 

3 

4 

15 

19 

100 

a a 

2 

65—  “ 

50 

n a 

1 

66 — Electrotypers. . . 

75 

a ii 

1 

67 — 

100 

<<  << 

3 

68 — Electrical  wkrs  . 

69 — 

8 

40 

48 

Yes.  . 

100 

Wages  and  hours 

71 — Elevator  const . 

100 

2 

75 — Firemen,  sta.. . . 

76 — Foundry  lbrs  . . 

17 

17 

Yes.  . 

100 

Wages  and  hours .... 

77 — Garment  wkrs . . 

100 

1 

78  “ “ 

** 

100 

<<  *< 

79 — “ “ 

100 

<4  If 

1 

80 — “ “ 

100 

“ << 

1 

81 — “ “ . . 

100 

<4  (4 

1 

82 — “ “ 

100 

44  44 

83 — “ “ 

100 

44  44 

84 — 

100 

4 4 4 * 

1 

85 — Glass  blowers. . . 

100 

“ K 

1 

86 — “ workers. . . 

100 

4 4 4 4 

1 

87 — Granite  cutters . 

100 

4 4 4 . 

1 

92 — Hod  carriers  . 

93 — “ “ 

94 — Iron  workers . . 

Yes.  . 

100 

Wages  and  hours 

1 

95 — “ 

4 

4 

100 

1 

96 — “ 

.... 

“ 

100 

**  *■ 

1 

97—  “ 

4 

63 

67 

“ 

100 

“ “ 

1 

98 — Lathers 

99 — Leather  wkrs.  . . 

:::: 

:::: 

Yes.  . 

100 

■JYages  and  hours 

1 

100 — “ “ 

100 

1 

101 — Machinists 

13 

13 

100 

<<  M 

3 

102 — 

** 

100 

44  (4 

103 — 

<< 

100 

44  II 

1 

104 — Marble  wkrs 

105 — “ “ 

Yes . . 

100 

Wages  and'  hours 

106 — 1 * * * .... 

100 

107 — Metal  workers.. 

100 

H II 

108 — “ 

109 — “ 

. . . . i 

Yes. . 

100 

Wages  and  hours 

110 — “ “ 

25 

1 

111 — “ 

112 — “ 

" " 

1 1 3 — Moulders 

114 — “ 

Yes.  . 

100 

Wages  and  hours 

1 

115 — 

100 

1 

117 — Moving  pictures. 

100 

II  ll 

1 

1 18 — Musicians 

90 

Season  and  engagement 

1 

1 19  11  

<< 

100 

Wages  and  hours 

1 

120 — News  carriers. . . 

121 — Painters 

Yes.  . 

100 

Wages  and  hours . . 

1 

122—  “ 

100 

1 

123 — “ 

<< 

100 

4 4 4 4 

1 

124 — “ 

100 

4 4 4 4 

1 

125 — “ 

100 

4 4 4 4 

126 — “ 

100 

II  44 

1 

127 — “ 

100 

<<  << 

1 

128 — “ 

100 

4 4 4 4 

1 

129 — Pattern  makers. 

130 — Photo  Engrvng . 

Yes . . | 

100 

Wages  and  hours 

3 

132 — Pile  drivers .... 

5 

si 

“ 1 

100 

1 

74 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


TABLE  NO.  8— ST.  LOUIS  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS— Continued. 

Giving  location,  schedule  number  and  trade  or  occupation,  1909-10;  number  of  accidents, 
fatal  and  non-fatal,  total,  1909;  if  organizations  had  agreements  with  employers  in  1909;  per  cent 
of  members  of  each  local  working  under  agreements  or  contracts  in  1909;  specific  points  covered 
by  agreements  or  contract  in  1909;  number  of  years  agreement  or  contract  covers. 


Location,  schedule 
No.  and  occupation, 
1909-10. 

Accidents, 

1909. 

Organizations  having  agree- 

ment with  employers,  1909 

Per  cent  of  members  work- 

ing under  agreements,  1909 

Specific  points  covered  by 
agreements. 

Number  of  years  for  which 
agreements  are  made. . . . 

Number  of  fatal  acci- 

dents during  1909.  . . 

Number  of  non-fatal 

accidents  during  1909 

Total  number  of  acci- 

dents during  1909.  . . 

St.  Louis — 

133 — Plasterers 

135 — Plumbers 

8 



8 

Yes . . 

136 — “ 

100 

Wages  and  hours 

1 

137 — 

100 

1 

138—  lbrs.  . . 

2 

2 

100 

X 

1 

140 — Printing  prsmn  . 

15 

100 

4 4 4 4 

3 

141 — 

100 

4 4 4 4 

1 

“ 

100 

4 4 4 4 

5 

100 

4 4 4 4 

3 

.... 

“ 

100 

4 4 4 4 

1 

100 

4 4 4 4 

146 — Ry.  carmen.  . . . 

2 

* 2, 

“ 

100 

X 

1 

147—  “ 

100 

4 4 4 4 

148 — “ 

6 

6 

“ 

100 

4 4 4 4 

149 — “ conductors 

100 

4 4 4 4 

150 — “ engineers 

1 

20 

1 21 

100 

4 4 4 4 

151—  “ 

100 

X X 

152 — “ “ 

3 

3 

<< 

100 

4 4 4 4 

153 — “ 

x 

100 

4 4 4 4 

154 — “ “ 

1 

6 

Y 

100 

4 4 4 4 

156 — “ firemen 

5 

5 

100 

4 4 4 4 

157 — “ 

X 

100 

X X 

158 — “ “ 

2 

10 

12 

<> 

100 

4 4 4 4 

159 — “ “ 

X 

100 

X X 

160 — “ switchmen 

2 

4 

6 

100 

4 4 4 4 

161 — “ 

X 

100 

X X 

162 — “ “ 

1 

V*i 

100 

4 4 4 4 

163 — “ telegraphrs 

X 

100 

X X 

164 — “ 

70 

4 4 4 4 

165 — “ trainmen..  . 

i 

2 

3 

100 

X 

2 

166 — “ 

100 

4 4 4 4 

167 — “ 

.... 

100 

4 4 4 4 

168 — “ 

100 

4 4 4 4 

169 — “ “ 

170 —  Retail  clerks.. 

2 

2 

100 

4 4 4 4 

100 

4 4 4 4 

1 72 — Roofers 

15 

15 

100 

X 

2 

173 — “ romp 

X 

100 

44  “ 

1 

174 — Sawsmiths 

176  

177 — Ship  carpenters 

6 

6 

178 — Steam  fitters. 

170 — 44  4 4 hlprs 

Yes . . 

100 

Wages  and  hours 

1 

180 — Stone  cutters 

184 — Tailors 

•••• 

it 

100 

4 4 4 4 

1 

185 — Teamsters  p h 

a 

100 

II  X 

186 — 44  erg  drv 

a 

100 

4 4 4 4 

1 

187 — 44  dpt  $tor 

a 

100 

1 

1 88“—  44  furn  drv 

44 

100 

1 

180 — 44  hcfic  drv 

44 

100 

1 

190 — “ piano  m 

44 

100 

4 4 4 4 

1 

1 92 — Toha.rro  wlrrs 

Yes. . 

100 

Wages  and  hours 

i 

193 — Stage  employes 

100 

1 

1 94 — Tuck  pointers. 

44 

100 

4 4 4 4 

1 

195 — Upholsterers. 

196 — Waiters 

Yes. . 

100 

Wages  and  hours 

1 

197 

1 98 — Woodworkers 

199 — 

Yes . . 

100 

Wages  and  hours 

1 

SOME  ST.  LOUIS  LABOR  LEADERS. 


Chas.  Hertensiein, 

President  St.  Louis  Typographical  Union 
No.  8,  1910. 


Harry  S.  Sharpe, 

1910  Secretary 

St.  Louis  Typographical  Union  No.  8. 
Member  of  Gov.  Hadley's  Employers'  Liability 
and  Workingmen's  Compensation 
Commission,  1910-11. 


Collis  Lovely  of  St.  Louis,  Vice-President 
International  Boot  and  Shoe  Workers  Union. 
2U6  Summer  Street,  Boston,  Mass. 


75 


KANSAS  CITY  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS,  1909-10. 


SHORTER  HOURS  AND  BETTER  WAGES. 

With  fewer  organizations  reporting  for  1909  than  in  1908,  organized 
Healthy,  labor  of  Kansas  City  shows  a healthy,  thriving  and  progressive  condition. 
Thriving  The  combined  membership  of  the  86  locals  which  made  returns  reveal 
Condition,  a numerical  strength  of  10,040,  as  compared  with  9,846  for  1908,  when 
93  unions  were  included  in  the  compilation. 

For  1909  the  male  membership — December  31 — was  9,830  as  against  9,550  for 
the  same  day  of  the  preceding  year,  a gain  of  280.  There  was  an  average  gain  in 
organization  of  all  trades  of  3.45  per  cent.,  the  concentration  into  all  unions  being 
75.25  % as  compared  with  71.8%  for  1908.  For  1907  the  organization  of  each  craft 
averaged  73.6%. 

Shorter  hours  and  better  wages  were  the  1909  features  for  organized  labor  of 
Kansas  City,  which  goes  to  show  that  much  is  accomplished  by  working  men  when 
they  get  together  and  center  their  strength.  For  that  year  8.7  hours  constituted 
a union  day  of  toil  as  against  8.85  for  1908  and  8.92  for  1907.  The  wages  averaged 
$.416  per  hour  as  against  $.353  for  1908  and  $.3961  for  1907.  The  average  number 
of  “days  put  in”  for  the  year,  by  each  union  man,  was  281,  as  compared  with  280  for 
1908,  which  means  a day  of  work  gained  in  the  year  by  every  toiler,  male  or  female. 
Sixteen  unions  reported  “more  work”  in  the  period  this  article  treats  with  and  only 
seven,  “less  work.”  Sixty  locals  mhde  the  return  of  “same  work.” 

Out  of  Work  Benefit  Paid. 

Some  of  the  unions  pay,  what  is  called  an  “out-of-work  benefit,”  which  is  one 
of  the  features  of  belonging  to  a body  of  this  kind.  When  times  are  hard  and  only 
half  the  craft  is  employed,  this  half  contributes  a certain  per  cent,  of  their  daily 
earnings,  to  be  used  in  supporting  others  of  their  calling  who  are  idle  through  no 
personal  faults  of  their  own,  but  because  of  the  “lack  of  work.”  The  average  paid 
out  a week  to  each  idle  member,  in  Kansas  City  in  1909,  was  $5.50.  To  show  that  this 
forced  idleness  was  but  a small  matter  it  is  only  necessary  to  state  that  only  $30  is 
reported  as  having  been  disbursed  in  this  manner  in  that  year,  as  compared  with 
$316.50  for  1908  and  $117.50  for  1907.  All  these  little  details  go  to  show  that  1909 
was  one  of  the  best  years  organized  labor  has  ever  experienced  in  Kansas  City. 

Strike  Benefit. — Forty-three  locals  reported  that  they  had  a “strike  benefit” 
for  their  members  in  case  of  a conflict  of  this  kind.  Better  times  made  the  average 
of  this  benefit  advance  to  $6.40  per  member  against  $5.69  for  1908  and  $5.96  for 
1907.  Strikes  and  “lockouts”  were  few  and  far  between  in  the  period  under  con- 
sideration, only  four  being  reported  as  against  15  for  1908  arid  19  for  1907.  The 
amount  expended  for  “weekly  strike  benefits”  was  only  $2,451,  as  reported. 

Sick  Benefits. — Twenty-two  of  the  86  locals,  which  reported,  pay  weekly  sick 
benefits  to^members  in  case  of  total  or  partial  disability.  The  average  amount  paid  ' 
to  each  ill  member  in  1909  was  $5.18,  as  compared  with  $5.30  for  1908  and  $5.23 
for  1907.  There  was  less  sickness  in  that  year  than  has.been  the  case  for  some  time, 
the  total  amount  paid  out  this  way  being  $3,549,  against  $5,781.96  for  1908  and 
$7,438.75  for  1907. 


76 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


Death  Benefits. — In  all,  $16,387  was  paid  out  as  insurance  against  $10,645  for 
1908  and  $12,020  for  1907.  The  average  per  death,  paid  out,  was  $219.  Out  of 
the  86  locals  55  report  having  “death  benefits.” 

Accidents. — In  all,  34  serious  accidents  occured  in  1909  among  the  10,040  mem- 
bers of  organized  labor  considered  in  this  chapter.  Of  these  only  six  proved  fatal, 
leaving  28  who  either  recovered  fully  or  partly. 

Another  thing  which  speaks  well  for  organization  in  Kansas  City,  is  that  93% 
of  the  membership  are  working  under  special  agreement,  or  contract  with  their 
employers. 

In  the  following  table  will  be  found  facts  and  figures  not  mentioned  above. 
The  figures  for  1908  and  1907  which  are  given  in  the  compilation,  afford  means 
for  comparison  with  the  year  1909 : 

Summary  of  the  Labor  Organizations  of  Kansas  City,  1909-8-7. 


Subject. 


1909. 

1908. 

1907. 

) 86 

93 

90 

9,830 

9,550 

9,864 

210 

296 

261 

10,040 

9,846 

10,125 

9,846 

194 

75.25 

71.8 

73.6 

8.7 

8.85 

8.92 

$.416 

$.353 

$3,961 

281 

280 

291 

16 

13 

24 

7 

60 

10 

17 

4 

$5.50 

$4 

$4 

$30 

$316.50 

$117.50 

43 

51 

59 

$6.40 

$2,451 

18 

$5.69 

$882.00 

21 

$5.96 

22 

$5.18 

$5.30 

$5.23 

$3,549 

$5,781.90 

$7,438.75 

55 

51 

56 

$219.00 

$164.00 

$120.00 

$16,387 

$10,645.00 

$12,020.00 

$22,417 

$17,635.00 

$31,344.75 

2 

15 

19 

2 

2 

11 

10 

3 

3 

4 

1 

6 

58 

781 

1,751 

49 

745 

1,132 

1 

55 

$986.00 

$967.00 

$11,362.60 

$2,810.00 

$6,415.00 

$16,616.00 

10 

7 

4 

1 

5 

3 

3 

4 

3- 

6 

3 

6 

6 

2 

28 

79 

59 

34 

85 

61 

59 

93% 

59 

57 

Total  number  of  organizations  reporting  January  1,  1910 

“ male  members  January  1,  1910.  . 

“ female  “ “ “ . . 


of  members 


Increase  in  membership,  1909  over  1908. 


1909 


Average  per  cent,  of  trade  organized 

“ number  of  hours  constituting  a day’s  work. 

Established  wage  rate,  in  cents,  per  hour 

Average  number  of  days  employed 


Number  of  organizations  reporting  “more’ 
“ “ “less” 

“ “ “same’ 


work. 


paying  “out-of-work”  benefit . 

Average  per  week,  out  of  work  benefits 

Total  amount  of  “out-of-work”  benefit  paid 

Number  of  organizations  paying  “strike”  benefit 

Average  amount  per  week  “strike”  benefit 

Total  amount  of  “strike  benefit”  paid  in  year 

Number  of  organizations  paying  “sick  and  accident’ 

benefit 

Average  amount  per  week  “sick  and  accident’  benefit.  . . 

Total  amount  of  “sick  and  accident”  benefit  paid 

Number  of  organizations  paying  “death”  benefit 

Average  amount  of  “death”  benefit  paid  per  member..  . 

Total  amount  of  “death”  benefit  paid 

“ paid  from  all  benefit  funds 


“ number  of  strikes 

“ lockouts 

“ strikes  and  lockouts  settled  satisfac- 

torily 

“ “ “ compromised.... 

“ lost 

“ “ “ still  pending 

Number  of  persons  involved  in  strikes  and  lockouts. . . 
“ benefited  by  “ “ 

“ worsted  “ “ “ “ 

Total  amount  expended  in  support  of  strikes  and  lock- 
outs 

“ amount  wages  lost  to  members  through  strikes 

and  lockouts 

Number  of  organizations  reporting  increase  in  wages. . 

“ reduction  in  hours  \ 
per  day  / 

“ appeals  for  arbitrations 

“ disputes  settled  by  arbitration 


fatal  accidents 

non-fatal  accidents. 


Total  number  of  accidents 

Number  of  organizations  reporting  agreements  with  em- 
ployers  

Per  cent  of  organizations  working  under  agreement 


Organized  Labor , Kansas  City,  1909-10. 


77 


INCREASE  IN  MEMBERSHIP  OF  KANSAS  CITY  LOCALS. 

Local  No.  169  of  the  Brewery  Workers  reports  a gain  in  membership, 
Largest  during  the  year  1909,  which  was  large  enough  to  give  that  organization 
Gains,  high  rank  along  this  line,  for  Kansas  City.  Early  in  the  year  the  active 
workers  of  this  organization  realized  that  all  of  the  craft  outside  of  their 
union,  working  in  and  around  breweries  ought  to  be  gathered  in,  so  that  prohibition 
could  be  better  fought,  and  to  insure  for  all  an  equal  working  day  and  regular  wages. 
In  consequence  of  this  activity  the  organization  of  this  local  is  now  100  per  cent,  which 
means  that  every  brewery  worker  is  affiliated  with  one  of  their  labor  bodies.  The 
toilers  now  have  an  eight  hour  day,  and  the  scale  is  $2.25  for  that  period. 

Kansas  City  beer  drivers  were  paid  $70  per  month  in  1909,  but  had  to  work  ten 
hours  a day.  This  is  one  of  the  few  organizations  of  this  metropolis  reporting  a fall- 
ing off  in  membership  for  1909,  the  decrease  being  33.  The  cause  given  is  that  auto 
trucks  are  taking  the  places  of  the  wagons  and  are  thereby  displacing  the  older 
drivers,  only  the  younger  ones  being  turned  into  chauffeurs.  In  reality  there  are 
just  as  many  employes  as  before  the  advent  of  the  autos,  but  some  of  the  new  comers 
have  not  as  yet  been  organized. 

The  appearance  on  the  scene  of  chauffeurs  opened  up  a new  calling  for  organiza- 
tion and  forming  into  unions,  a matter  which  is  now  being  accomplished.  Garage 
employes  will  probably  also  get  together  into  locals  for  mutual  protection  and 
advancement.  Repairers  of  automobiles,  not  already  in  unions,  will  also  organize 
before  long. 

OTHER  LARGE  LOCALS. 

Carpenters  Locals  Nos.  4 and  1391  gained  together,  206  new  members.  Increase  in 
building  and  active  business  agents  did  this  good  work.  But  there  is  some  labor 
still  ahead,  as  the  organization  of  the  entire  craft  averages,  as  reported,  only  44  per 
cent.  An  eight-hour  day  is  the  union  time  and  the  pay  is  45  cents  an  hour. 

Hod  Carriers  Local  No.  1,  reports  a gain  of  121  members  with  an  organization 
of  60  per  cent.  The  pay  is  35  cents  an  hour,  or  $2.80  for  a day  of  eight  hours. 
Another  building  trades  council  to  report  a gain — one  of  72  members — is  Bricklayers 
Local  No.  72.  Two  locals,  Nos.  124  and  356  of  the  Electrical  Workers,  report  a com- 
bined gain  of  75  converts  to  unionism.  Then  there  are  the  Metal  Workers.  Their 
representatives  were  so  active  in  the  year  that  100  new  names  were  added  to  the 
rolls.  Local  No.  2,  makes  this  good  showing.  For  the  musicians  there  was  a gain 
of  38  members  and  for  Painters,  No.  4,  45  additions. 

On  January  1,  1910,  there  were  eight  locals  in  Kansas  City  with  a membership, 
for  each,  of  over  300.  They  were,  in  alphabetical  order  of  occupation: 

Bartenders,  No.  420,  an  even  400  members;  Brewery  Workers,  No.  169,  470 
members,  412  of  whom  were  male  and  58  female;  Bricklayers,  No.  4,  350  members; 
Carpenters,  No.  4,  576  members;  Hodcarriers,  No.  1,  450  members;  Musicians,  No. 
34,  347  members,  of  whom  27  were  females;  Painters,  No.  4,  320  members;  Typo- 
graphy, No.  80,  470  members,  9 of  whom  were  women. 

The  Plasterers,  who  have  an  eight-hour  day  and  are  paid  $6  for  that  much  work, 
put  57  new  names  on  their  list.  Other  crafts  reporting  gains  are:  bakers,  barbers, 
building  laborers,  carriage  and  wagon  makers,  cement  workers,  cooks,  egg  inspectors, 
engineers,  horseshoers,  machinists,  plumbers,  printers,  conductors,  trainmen  and 
tilelayers. 


ENTHUSIASTIC  UNIONISTS. 

Organized  Women  Toilers. — Seven  of  the  locals  of  Kansas  City  had  female 
members,  the  total  membership  of  the  gentler  sex,  in  these  being  210.  This  is  a 
falling  off  over  1908,  when  there  were  296.  Marriage  caused  the  decrease. 


78 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


Garment  Workers  Local  No.  75  reported  the  largest  female  membership,  the 
number  being  75.  The  same  reported  two  male  members,  who  because  of  the  ex- 
cessive amount  of  feminity  which  surrounded  them,  were  almost  in  an  Adamless 
Eden.  The  organization  for  this  local  was  90  per  cent.,  leaving  but  ten  per  cent,  of  the 
regular  garment  workers  of  Kansas  not  unionized.  The  scale  was  20  cents  an  hour 
and  there  were  eight  working  hours  in  a day. 

Brewery  Workers  Local  No.  169  has  58  members,  who  are  young  women  either 
working  as  labelers  or  performing  some  other  light  task.  They  toil  eight  hours  a day. 
There  are  27  women  in  local  34  of  the  musicians,  working  under  the  same  conditions 
that  the  men  do,  including  pay  and  hours.  Cigarmakers,  No.  102  has  4 women  mem- 
bers, enjoying  the  protection,  privileges  and  other  advantages  that  organization  affords. 
There  are  twelve  female  pressfeeders,  all  members  of  Local  No.  20,  of  that  craft. 
Nine  women  are  members  of  Typographia,  No.  80,  working  eight  hours  a day  for 
56  cents  an  hour.  Then  there  are  25  female  members  of  Tailors  Local  No.  64. 


KANSAS  CITY  LABOR  TEMPLE. 


BY  THOMAS  M.  WEST,  EDITOR 

The  Labor  Temple  Association  of  Kansas 
City,  Missouri,  was  incorporated  in  the  Jackson 
county  circuit  court,  June  30,  1896,  and  the 
articles  of  incorporation  were  filed  and  a copy 
issued  by  the  Secretary  of  State,  July  2,  1896. 

The  first  officers  of  the  Labor  Temple  As- 
sociation were  P.  E.  Duffy,  President;  A.  H. 
Sellers,  Secretary,  and  Elmer  Riland,  Treasurer, 
who,  with  T.  F.  Brennon,  John  Knott,  S.  U. 
Clute  and  Otto  Schwitzgebel,  constituted  the 
original  Board  of  Directors. 

For  a number  of  years  but  little  progress 
was  made  towards  attaining  the  desired  end, 
until  finally,  in  1904,  a site  for  the  building  was 
selected  and  purchased  at  the  southwest  corner 
of  Fourteenth  street  and  Woodland  avenue. 
Ground  for  the  Labor  Temple  was  broken  in 
the  month  of  May,  1907,  and  on  the  morning 
of  July  4th,  in  that  year,  a large  body  of  trade 
unionists,  headed  by  a band  furnished  by 
Musicians’  Union  No.  34,  marched  to  the  site 
of  the  building  and  participated  in  the  cere- 
monies which  attended  the  laying  of  the  corner 
stone. 

On  the  morning  of  Labor  Day,  1908,  an  in- 
formal dedication  of  the  partially  constructed 
building  occured,  which  was  attended  by  the 
mayor  of  the  city  and  a number  of  city  officials. 
When  the  Labor  Temple  Association  held  a 
regular  meeting,  the  first  Sunday  in  April,  1910, 
it  was  decided  that  the  unions  of  the  city  be 
notified  to  vacate  the  quarters  they  were  then 
in,  and  move  into  the  Labor  Temple  by  Mayl, 
as  the  new  structure  would  be  ready  for  occu- 
pancy by  that  time.  This  was  done  and  on 
that  date  the  organizations  were  located  under 
their  own  roof. 


OF  THE  (K.  C.)  LABOR  HERALD. 

BRICK  AND  STONE  EDIFICE. 

The  building  is  constructed  of  vitrified 
brick  and  Carthage  stone,  and  extends  seventy- 
two  feet  on  Woodland  avenue  and  one  hundred 
and  two  feet  on  East  Fourteenth  street.  The 
ground  floor  contains' the  general  offices  of  the 
business  agents  of  the  Industrial  trades;  the 
headquarters  of  Custodian  Maxwell,  in  which 
is  the  telephone  switchboard;  a spacious  pool 
hall;  a large  room  occupied  by  the  business 
agents  of  the  Building  Trades  Council,  and  a 
room  used  at  present  for  a store  room.  There 
are  entrances  from  the  north  and  the  east  sides 
of  the  building. 

The  second  and  third  floors  contain  meeting 
rooms  of  various  sizes  to  accommodate  both 
large  and  small  organizations.  On  the  fourth 
floor  is  the  Auditorium,  which  is  as  yet  un- 
finished. This  hall  will  be  used  for  dances, 
entertainments  and  similar  gala  events.  This 
magnificient  hall,  which  has  a splendid  and 
commodious  balcony,  will  have  a seating 
capacity  of  nearly  four  thousand  and  will  be 
one  of  the  finest  of  places,  similar  in . character 
in  the  city. 

The  basement  contains  the  boiler  room,  a 
water  filtering  plant,  lavatory,  baths  and  other 
similar  conveniences.  The  building  is  steam 
heated. 

According  to  the  articles  of  incorporation 
none  but  members  of  organized  labor  can  pur- 
chase stock  in  the  Labor  Temple,  and  the  stock 
is  not  transferable. 

The  last  report  issued  by  the  Board  of  Direct- 
ors, October  4,  1910,  shows  that  the  total  cost 
of  the  building,  up  to  that  date,  was  $62,624.05. 


Organized  Labor,  Kansas  City,  1909-10. 


79 


The  approximate  expense  of  maintenance  and 
care  of  halls  is  8375.00  per  month. 

MONUMENT  TO  UNION  LABOR. 

The  erection  of  this  magnificient  Temple 
of  Labor  is  an  achievement  of  which  the  trade 
unionists  of  Kansas  City  may  well  be  proud, 
and  speaks  volumes  for  the  loyalty  and  deter- 
mination of  those  who  have  expended  their 
time  and  energy  toward  its  accomplishment. 

The  Labor  Temple  Association  delegate  body 
meets  at  Labor  Temple  the  first  Sunday  of 
each  month  at  10  o’clock  a.  m.  The  officers  are: 
Karl  F.  Schweizer  of  Machinists’  Union  No.  92, 
President;  W.  M.  McCarty,  of  Carpenters’  Union 


No.  4,  Secretary;  David  Ring  of  Glass  Workers’ 
Union  No.  20,  Sergeant-at-arms.  W.  H.  Max- 
well is  Custodian  of  the  building,  and  H.  C. 
Gerry  is  in  charge  of  the  pool  hall. 

The  Board  of  Directors  meet  every  Tuesday 
night,  and  are  as  follows:  W.  H.  Maxwell  of  the 
Stonecutters’  union,  Chairman;  H.  A.  Fratcher, 
of  Typographical  Union  No.  80,  Secretary; 
John  S.  Gardner,  of  Steam  Engineers’  Union 
No.  6,  Treasurer;  John  J.  Pfeiffer,  of  United 
Brotherhood  of  Leather  Workers  on  Horse  Goods, 
John  F.  Strode  of  Beer  drivers’  Union  No.  100, 
W.  J.  McCain,  of  Bridge  and  Structural  Iron 
Workers’  Union  No.  10,  and  H.  C.  Gerry  of 
Cigarmakers’  Union  No.  102. 


KANSAS  CITY  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS— 1909-10. 

TABLE  NO.  1.  4 

Giving  trade  or  occupation,  location  and  schedule  number,  1910;  name  and  local  number  of 
organization  in  1910;  with  what  national  or  international  organization  local  was  affiliated  in  1909- 
10;  when  local  organized  and  when  local  incorporated,  if  incorporated. 


Location,  schedule  No. 
and  occupation, 
1909-10. 

Name  and  number  of 
local  organization, 
1909-10. 

With  what  national  or  in- 
ternational organization 
affiliated. 

Yr.  local 
org’niz’d 

Kansas  City — 

1 — Bakers 

Local  No.  218 

B.  & C.  W.  I.  U.  of  A 

1898 

2 — Barbers 

“ “ 192 

J.  B.  I.  U.  of  A 

1895 

3 — Bartenders 

“ “ 420 

H.  & R.  E.  I.  A 

1902 

4 — Bill  posters 

“ “ 14 

I.  A.  B.  & B.  I.  of  A 

1903 

5 — Blacksmiths 

“ “ 201 

I.  B.  of  B.  & H 

1907 

6 — Boiler  makers  

“ “ 32 

1.  B.  of  B.  M.  & I.  S.  B.  of  II 

1891 

7 — “ “ « hlprs. . 

“ “ 4. 

1902 

8 — Bookbinders . . 

“ “ 60 ! !!!!!! ! ! ! ! ! 

I.  B.  of  B 

1896 

Q — Rnttlf  wnrkp.rs 

“ “ 11759  

A.  F.  of  L 

1904 

1891 

10 — Brewery  malsters.  . . 

“ “ ,46 

I.  U.  of  U.  B.  W.  of  A 

1 1 — Brewery  workers . . . 

“ “ 169 

tt  t<  it 

1899 

12 — Beer  Drivers 

“ “ 100 

H t i it 

1898 

1 3 — Bricklayers 

B.  & M.  I.  U.  of  A 

1887 

14 — “ &stnmsns. 

“ “ 21.  !!!!!!!!!!  ! 

1907 

15 — Building  laborers  . . . 

“ “ 264 

A.  F.  of  L 

1908 

16 —  Carpenters 

17 — “ 

“ “ 4 

“ “ i39i * * !!!!!!! 

U.  B.  of  C.  & J.  of  A 

1899 

1894 

18 — 

“ “ 1635 

it  <<  it 

1904 

19 — Carriage  and  wagon 
makers 

“ “ 86 

C.  & W.  W.  I.  & u. 

1899 

20 — Cement  workers .... 

“ “ 36 

c.  b.  & e 

1905 

21 — Cigarmakers 

“ “ 102 

C.  M.  I.  U.  of  A 

1867 

22 — Cooks 

“ “ 266 

H.  & R.  I.  A 

1901 

23 — Egg  inspectors 

“ “ 9230 

A.  F.  of  L 

1898 

24 — Engineers 

“ “ 6 

I.  U.  of  S.  E 

1896 

25 — 

“ “ 101 

1902 

26 — Electrical  workers.. . 

“ “ 124 

I.  N.  B.  of  E.  W 

1892 

27— 

“ “ 356 

I.  B.  of  E.  W 

1902 

28 — Elevator  constructs . 

“ “ 12 

I.  U.  of  E.  C 

1903 

29 — Firemen 

“ “ 1 

I.  B.  of  S.  F 

1883 

30 — Fixture  hangers .... 

“ “ 592.!..!!.!!!! 

I.  B.  of  E.  W 

1907 

31 — Garment  workers. . . 

“ “ 47 

U.  G.  W.  of  A 

1898 

32 — Glass  workers 

“ “ 20 

A.  G.  W.  I.  A 

1902 

33 — “ blowers.  . 

“ “ 89 

G.  B.  B.  of  A 

1901 

34 — Glaziers 

“ “ 702 

B.  of  P.  D.  & H.  of  A 

1908 

35 — Hod  carriers 

B.  L.  I.  W.  of  A 

1887 

36 — Horse  shoers 

“ “ is! !!!!!!!!!! ! 

I.  J.  H.  I.  U.  of  A 

1874 

37 — Iron  workers. ....... 

“ “ 2 

A.  A.  I.  S.  & P.  W 

1890 

38 — “ “ 

“ “ 10 

1898 

39 — Lathers 

“ “ 283 

U.  W.  & M.  L.  I.  U 

1900 

40 — Leather  workers.  . . . 

“ “ 1 

I.  U.  B.  of  L.  H.  G 

1896 

4 1 — Machinists 

“ “ 92 

I A.  of  M 

1890 

42—  “ 

“ “ 672 

1903 

80 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics,  1910. 


TABLE  NO.  1— KANSAS  CITY  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS — Continued. 


Giving  trade  or  occupation,  location  and  schedule  number,  1910;  name  and  local  number  of 
organization  in  1910;  with  what  national  or  international  organization  local  was  affiliated  in  1909" 
10;  when  local  organized  and  when  local  incorporated,  if  incorporated. 


Location,  schedule  No. 
and  occupation , 
1909-10. 

Name  and  number  of 
local  organization. 
1909-10. 

With  what  national  or  in- 
ternational organization 
affiliated. 

Yr.  local 
org’niz’d 

Kansas  City — 

Local  No.  61 

I.  A.  of  M.  W 

1906 

44 — “ 

“ “ 12707  . . 

1908 

45 — “ “ hlprs. . 

46 —  Mattress  makers  . . . 

“ “ 72 

«• 

1909 

“ “ 123 

U.  I.  U 

1907 

“ “ 2 

A.  S.  M.  W.  I.  A 

1898 

48 — “ “ 

“ “ 146 

M.  P.  B.  P.  B.  B.  M.  I.  W.  of  A . . . 

1898 

49 — Moulders 

“ “ 162 

I.  M.  U 

1895 

50 — Musicians 

“ “ 34 

A.  F.  of  M 

1889 

51 — Newspaper  mailers. . 

“ “ 7 

I.  T.  U 

1896 

52 — Painters 

“ “ 4 

B.  of  P.  D.  & P.  of  H 

1890 

53 — Painters 

Sign  Painters  No.  820.  . . . 

B.  of  P.  D.  & P.  H.  of  A 

1906 

1881 

55 — Pattern  makers 

District  C 

y 

2; 

0 

Z 

> 

1903 

56 — Photo  Engravers . . . 

Local  No.  34 

I.  P.  E.  U 

1901 

57 — Plumbers.  ..... 

“ “ 8 

A.  F.  of  L 

1890 

58 — “ apprentcs.. 

59 —  Plasterers 

“ “ 8 

1906 

“ “ 17 

«« 

1889 

60 — Printers . . . 

Web  Pressmen  No.  14. . . . 

I.  P.  P.  & A 

1901 

61 — 

Printing  Pressmen  No.  16. 
Pressfeeders  No.  20 

1901 

62 — “ 

“ 

1899 

63—  “ 

Typographia  No.  80 

Local  No.  2 

I.  T.  U 

1865 

64 — Ry.  carmen 

B.  of  L.  C 

1903 

65 — “ clerks 

“ “4 

B.  of  R.  C 

1901 

66 — “ conductors  . . 

“ “ 55 

O.  R.  C 

1887 

67 — “ engineers 

“ “ 502 

B.  of  L.  E 

1892 

68 — “ firemen 

“ “ 337 

B.  of  L.  F 

1888 

69 — “ switchmen 

N.  S.  U.  of  N.  A 

1894 

70 — “ trainmen... 

“ “ 269 

B.  of  R.  T 

1890 

71 — “ “ 

“ “ 385 

1891 

72—  “ “ 

“ “ 577 

1899 

73 — Stereotypers  & Elec- 
trotypers .... 

“ “ 6 

S.  & N.  E.  of  N.  A 

1890 

74 — Steam  fitters 

“74 

I A of  S.  H W.  & P P. 

1906 

75 — “ 

“ “ 75 

1906 

76 — Stone  cutters 

K.  C.  branch 

1890 

77 — Tailors . 

Local  No.  64.  . . 

I.  T.  U.  of  A 

1890 

78 — Teamsters 

“ “ 1 

I.  B.  T 

1905 

79 — “ 

“ “ 335 

1900 

80—  “ 

Cab  Drivers  No.  551 

«« 

1902 

81 — Theatrical  employes. 

Local  No.  31 

I.  A.  of  T.  S.  E 

1895 

82 — Tile  layers 

“ “ 9 

C.  M.  & E.  T.  L.  & H 

1898 

83 — Trunk  makers 

“ “ 16 

T.  G.  & N.  L.  U.  I.  U 

1900 

84 —  Sprinkler  fitters .... 

85 —  Waiters  & waitresses 

“ “ 314... 

A.  S.  P.  & F.  G 

1909 

“ “ 19 

H.  & R.  E.  I.  A.  B.  I 

1899 

86 — Woodworkers 

“ “ 267 

A.  W.  M.  of  A 

1885 

Organized  Labor,  Kansas  City,  1909-10. 


81 


KANSAS  CITY  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS,  1909-10— Continued. 

TABLE  NO.  2. 

Showing  location,  schedule  number  and  ti#de  or  occupation,  1910;  membership  on  December 
31,  1909;  increase  or  decrease,  1909  over  1908;  per  cent  of  trade  organized  locally,  1909;  number 
of  hours  constituting  a day’s  work  in  1909;  standard  wages  established  by  local  during  1909. 


Location, 
schedule  No. 
and  occupa- 
tion, 1900-10. 

Membership 

Dec.  31, 1909 

Increase  or 

decrease 

during  year 

1909 

Cause  of  increase  or 
decrease, 

1909. 

Per  cent  of  trade  organ- 
ized locally,  1909 

No.  of  hours  constituting! 
day’s  work  in  1909.  . . . 

Standard  wages  es- 
tablished by  local 
during  1909. 

Cents  per  hour . . 

Dollars  per  day. . 

Dollars  per  week. 

Males 

Females  . . . 

Increase . . . 1 

Decrease. . . ; 

Kansas  City — 

197 

32 

Protection 

70 

8 

$16  00 

2 — Barbers 

125 

25 

Organization 

20 

10 

18.00 

400 

75 

10 

18.00 

31 

90 

8 

$2.50 

35 

45 

9 

$.35 

90 

9 

.37 

52 

75 

9 

15.00 

8 — Bookbinders . . . . 

42 

75 

8 

18.00 

9 — Bottle  workers  . . 

20 

100 

9 

12  50 

10 — Brewers  & mlstrs. 

80 

100 

8 

20.00 

412 

58 

120 

Organization 

100 

8 

2.25 

162 

33 

Automobiles . . 

100 

10 

per 

mo. 

70.00 

13 — Bricklayers 

350 

72 

Organization 

99 

8 

.70 

14 — “ ' & stn 

250 

50 

* * 

90 

8 

.60 

15 — Building  laborers 

50 

8 

<• 

40 

8 

.25 

16 — Carpenters  . 

576 

96 

50 

8 

.45 

17 — “ 

216 

110 

Activity  of  business  agnt 

38 

8 

.45 

18 — 

85 

is 

28 

8 

18.00 

19 — Carriage  & wagon 

makers 

85 

3 

75 

9 

.25 

20 — Cement  workers.. 

51 

19 

Organization 

100 

8 

.'50 

2 1 — Cigarmakers 

88 

4 

95 

8 

2.25 

22 — Cooks 

85 

10 

“ 

25 

10 

12.00 

23 — Egg  Inspectors . 

29 

5 

90 

10 

.25 

24 — Engineers 

166 

8 

50 

10 

.35 

25 — “ 

28 

95 

8 

.50 

26 — Electrical  wkrs . . 

158 

40 

Conditions 

85 

8 

.50 

27 — 

65 

35 

Organization 

30 

9 

3.00 

28 — Elevator  const  r . . 

35 

90 

8 

.45 

29 — Firemen,  sta .... 

80 

20 

Oil  burners 

33 

10 

2.50 

30 — Fixture  hangers. . 

30 

90 

8 

.50 

31 — Garment  wkrs. . . 

2 

75 

15 

8 

.20 

32 — Glass  workers . . . 

70 

100 

8 

.37* 

33 — Bottle  blowers. . . 

36 

100 

9 

8.50 

34 — Glaziers 

20 

10 

8 

.40 

35 — Hod  carriers .... 

450 

121 

60 

8 

.35 

36 — Horse  shoers .... 

55 

5 

75 

9 

3.50 

37 — Iron  workers 

80 

99 

8 

3.70 

38 — “ 

100 

53 

Transfer 

95 

8 

4.50 

39 — Lathers 

50 

5 

Left  city 

75 

8 

4.50 

40 — Leather  workers . 

200 

99 

10 

.25 

41 — Machinists 

75 

6 

60 

9 

.37 

42—  “ 

91 

15 

100 

9 

.37 

43 — Marble  workers 

16 

100 

8 

.62* 

44 — “ “ 

13 

99 

8 

.50 

45 — “ “ hips. 

16 

50 

8 

2 40 

46 — Mattress  mkrs. . . 

25 

50 

9 

2.50 

47 — Metal  workers . . . 

200 

100 

Organization 

90 

8 

.45 

48 — “ “ . . . 

50 

95 

9 

3.25 

49 — Moulders . . 

110 

65 

9 

.33$ 

50 — Musicians 

320 

27 

38 

Greater  demand 

95 

1.00 

51 — Newspaper  mailrs 

34 

20 

’ ’ 8 

.30 

52 — Painters 

320 

45 

Organization 

50 

8 

.45 

53 — “ 

70 

100 

8 

.50 

54 — Paper  Jiangers . . . 

48 

25 

8 

4.00 

55 — Pattern  makers. . 

12 

33 

9* 

.35* 

56 — Photo  Engravers. 

40 

100 

8 

20.00 

57 — Plumbers 

200 

35 

Organization 

90 

8 

.50 

58 — “ aprntcs 

35 

io 

80 

8 

2.50 

59 — Plasterers 

147 

57 

80 

8 

6.00 

60 — Printers 

60 

100 

8 

3.00 

61 — “ 

118 

10 

90 

8 

19.00 

62 — “ 

103 

12 

5 

85 

8 

12.50 

63—  “ 

461 

9 

*34 

Organization 

85 

8 

.56 

O L — 6 


82 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


TABLE  NO.  2,  KANSAS  CITY— LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS— Continued. 


Showing  location,  schedule  number  and  trade  or  occupation,  1910;  membership  on  December 
31,  1909;  increase  or  decrease,  1909  over  1908;  per  cent  of  trade  organized  locally,  1909;  number 
of  hours  constituting  a day’s  work  in  1909;  standard  wages  established  by  local  during  1909. 


Location, 
schedule  No. 
and  occupa- 
tion, 1909-10. 

Membership 

Dec.  31. 1909 

Increase  or 

decrease 

during  year 

1909 

Cause  of  increase  or 
decrease, 

1909. 

Per  cent  of  trade  organ- 
1 ized  locally,  1909 

No  of  hours  constituting 
day’s  work  in  1909. . . . 

Standard  wages  es- 
tablished by  local 
during  1909. 

Cents  per  hour. . 

Dollars  per  day.. 

Dollars  per  week. 

Males 

Females . . . 

Increase. . . 

Decrease . . . 

64 — Ry.  carmen 

70 

17 

233 

109 

158 

128 

65 

165 

125 

54 

56 

40 

114 

200 

100 

105 

30 

99 

54 

25 

29 

120 

35 

58 

Lack  of  work 

75 

50 

90 

99 

100 

90 

100 

95 

90 

95 

98 
95 

99 
75 
30 
80 
30 
99 
98 
75 

100 

65 

15 

9 

10 

10 

8 

10 

10 

10 

10 

10 

8 

8 

8 

8 

10 

10 

8 

12 

8 

8 

9 

8 

11 

9 

816.00 

12.00 

65 — “ clerks 

66 — " conductors. . 

67 — “ engineers... 

68 — “ firemen 

8 

2 

3 

62 

Organization 

8.37* 

83.30 

69 — “ switchmen.. 

70—  “ trainmen . . . 

71—  “ 

72—  “ 

73 —  Stereotypers  and 

electrotypers . . . 

74 —  Steam  fitters .... 

75 — “ “ . . . 

76 —  Stone  cutters. . . . 

77 —  Tailors 

Leaving  town 

.35 

4 

3.20 

.34 

.35 

3 

4.00 

5.00 

i3 

• 31* 

.50 

.40 

.20 

' '25 

1 

78 — Teamsters 

79 — “ 

12.00 

12.00 

80 — “ 

81 —  Theatrical  emp . . 

82 —  Tile  layers 

.40 

14 

' 5 

Organization 

5.00 

83 —  Trunk  makers . . . 

84 —  Sprinkler  fitters. . 

85 —  Waiters  and  wai- 

tresses   

15.00 

3.50 

10.00 

80 — Wood  workers. . . 

.30 

KANSAS  CITY  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS,  1909-10— Continued. 

TABLE  NO.  3. 

Showing  location,  schedule  number,  trade  or  occupation  in  1910;  wages  of  1909  compared 
with  wages  of  1908;  showing  increase  or  decrease  per  hour,  day,  week,  month,  or  ton,  or  mile,  and 
for  piece  work,  if  any. 


•Location  and 
schedule  No. , 
1909-10. 

** 

* During  the  year 
1909,  as  compared 
with  1908,  did  wages 
Increase. 

'I 

•Location  and 
schedule  No. , 
1909-10. 

** 

* During  the  year 
1909,  as  compared 
with  1908,  did  wages 
increase. 

Amount  per  hour 
in  cents 

Amount  per  day— 
dollars 

Amount  per  week 
—dollars 

Amount  per  hour 
in  cents 

Amount  per  day 
—dollars 

Amount  per  week 
—dollars 

Kansas  City — 

1 — Bakers 

81  00 

Kansas  City — 

39 — Lathers 

8.50 

9 — Bottlers 

8 .01 
.15 
07* 

43 — Marble  workers. . . . 

8.50 

26 — Electrical  workers.. 
30 — Fixture  hangers..  . . 
3 4 — Glaziers 

47 — Mpt.fl.l  workers 

.02* 

62 — Pressfeeders 

81.00 

.07* 

63 — Compositors 

.06 

♦No  decrease  reported  for  1909. 

♦♦For  the  tables  in  which  the  cities,  towns  and  schedule  numbers  are  missing,  the  unions  re- 
porting either  had  no  information  along  that  line  to  report,  or  the  secretaries  did  not  answer  all 
questions  put  to  them  by  the  Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics  schedule.  In  most  cases  there  was  nothing 
new,  nor  no  changes,  to  report.  In  table  1 all  labor  organizations  which  reported  are  given  in  the 
alphabetical  order  of  the  city  or  town  in  which  they  are  located. 


Organized  Labor,  Kansas  City,  1909-10. 


83 


KANSAS  CITY  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS,  1909-10— Continued. 

TABLE  NO.  4. 

Showing  location,  schedule  number  and  trade  or  occupation,  1910;  average  number  of  days 
employed  in  1909;  organization  reporting  more  or  less  work  in  1909,  as  compared  with  1908;  the 
regular  hours  per  day,  except  Saturdays  in  1909;  hours  work  Saturdays,  1909;  per  cent  of  members 
unemployed,  and  cause  of  non-employment  in  1909. 


Location  and 
schedule  No., 
1909-10. 

Average  No.  of  days  em- 
ployed during  1909 ! 

Organizations  reporting 
more  or  less  work  in  1908,  j 
as  compared  with  1909. . ; 

Regular  No.  of  hours  per 
day  except  Saturday,  1909 

No.  of  hours  worked  Sat- 
urday  

Per  cei 
ploye 

P 

o 

CO 

nt  of  rr 
d in  19 
ter  en 

C 

P 

a> 

CO 

o 

lembers 
09  for 
ding 

GO 

<T> 

X3 

3 

cr 

O) 

CO 

o 

i unem- 
quar- 

O 

a> 

8 

3 

o* 

0) 

CO 

Specific  cause  of  non- 
employment, 
1909. 

Kansas  City — 

1 

1 — Bakers 

Same 

8 

8 

30 

20 

10 

20 

2 — Barbers 

365 

10 

16 

1 

312 

•4 

11 

16 

| 

** 

260 

«* 

8 

8 

! 

5 — Blacksmiths 

312 

44 

9 

9 

9 

9 

i 

312 

Same 

9 

9 

306 

8 

4 

9 

9 

10 — Brewers  & mlstrs . 

250 

Same 

8 

8 

30 

30 

12 — Beer  drivers  . . . 

10 

10 



13 — Bricklayers. . . 

200 

Same 

8 

4 

100 

1 Cold  weather. 

219 

8 

8 

10 



15 — Building  laborers 

200 

<* 

8 

8 

16 — Carpenters 

250 

“ 

8 

8 

25 



5 

- 5 

5 

“ « 

17 — 

More . 

8 

8 

18—  “ 

250 

Same 

8 

8 

10 

4 

1 

5 

19 — Carriage  and  wa- 

gon makers. . . 

300 

il 

9 

9 

20 — Cement  workers. . 

200 

More. 

8 

8 

21 — Cigarmakers. . . 

Same 

8 

6 

22 — Cooks 

300 

More . 

10 

10 

23 — Egg  inspectors. . . 

200 

Same 

10 

10 

40 

10 

20 

24 — Engineers  . . . 

More . 

10 

10 

4 

3 

2 

2 

25 — “ 

200 

Same 

8 

8 

5 

15 

40 

26 — Electrical  wkrs. . . 

250 

More . 

8 

8 

27 — “ “ . . . 

306 

Same 

9 

9 

28 — Elevator  constrct. 

250 

8 

8 

35 

5 

15 

20 

29 — Firemen 

365 

Less. . 

10 

10 

30 — Fixture  hangers. . 

250 

Same 

8 

8 

31 — Garment  wkrs.  . . 

306 

8 

8 

32 — Glass  workers 

300 

“ 

8 

4 

* 

33 — “ blowers.  . . . 

200 

<< 

9 

8 

100 

100 

Off  season. 

34 — Glaziers 

306 

“ 

8 

8 

35 — Hod  carriers 

285 

“ 

8 

8 

36 — Horse  shoers 

306 

• < 

9 

9 

37 — Iron  workers .... 

265 

“ 

8 

8 



38—  “ “ 

200 

More . 

8 

8 

80 

Weather  conditions. 

39 — Lathers 

260 

Same 

8 

8 

80 

40 — Leather  workers.. 

300 

More . 

8 

8 

7 

5 

2 

.< 

41 — Machinists 

306 

Same 

9 

9 

42—  “ 

273 

More . 

9 

9 

86 

43 

43 — Marble  workers . . 

275 

8 

4 

4 

1 

6 

44 — “ 

100 

Same 

[ 8 

8 

45 — “ helpers. . . 

250 

8 

4 

95 

Weather  conditions. 

46 — Mattress  makers. 

300 

“ 

9 

9 



47 — Metal  workers . . . 

“ 

8 

8 

48—  “ 

300 

“ 

9 

9 

10 

10 

40 

20 

49 — Moulders 

300 

“ 

9 

9 

40 

28 

19 

13 

Lack  of  work. 

50 — Musicians 

300 

More . 

51 — Newspaper  mailrs 

"s' 

8 

52 — Painters 

260 

“ 

8 

8 

53—  “ 

Less. . 

8 

4 

54 — Paper  hangers . . . 

240 

1 8 

4 

• 

55 — Pattern  makers  . . 

306 

Same 

9£ 

9 

56 — Photo  Engravers. 

306 

8 

8 

57 — Plumbers  . . . 

230 

<< 

8 

8 

58 — “ appr..  . . 

312 

“ 

8 

8 

59 — Plasterers 

306 

“ 

8 

4 

30 

10 

2 

5 

60 — Printers 

312 

44 

8 

8 

61—  “ 

300 

44 

8 

4 

62—  “ 

312 

44 

8fc 

4 

63—  “ 

275 

More . 

8 

8 

84 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


TABLE  NO.  4 — KANSAS  CITY  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS— Continued. 

Showing  location,  schedule  number  and  trade  or  occupation,  1910;  average  number  of  days 
employed  in  1909;  organization  reporting  more  or  less  work  in  1909,  as  compared  with  1908;  the 
regular  hours  per  day,  except  Saturdays  in  1909;  hours  work  Saturdays,  1909;  per  cent  of  members 
unemployed,  and  cause  of  non-employment  in  1909. 


Location  and 
schedule  No., 
1909-10. 

Average  No.  of  days  em- 

ployed during  1909 

Organizations  reporting 

more  or  less  work  in  1908, 

as  compared  with  1909. . 

Regular  No.  of  hours  per 

day  except  Saturday,  1909 

No.  of  hours  worked  Sat- 

urday  

Per  cen 
ployec 

g 

p 

o 

3* 

CO 

Lt  of  ru 
1 in  19( 
ter  en 

P 

3 

CD 

CO 

© 

£ p 

September  30... 

unem- 

4uar- 

d 

CD 

§ 

3 

o' 

CD 

CO 

Specific  cause  of  non- 
emplovment, 

1909. 

Kansas  City — 

64 — Ry.  carmen 

300 

Less. . 

9 

9 

65 — “ clerks  

365 

Same 

10 

10 

66 — “ conductors... 

365 

10 

10 

67 — “ engineers.  . . . 

350 

More . 

8 

8 

68 — “ firemen 

300 

10 

10 

69 — “ switchmen. . . 

365 

Same 

10 

10 

70 — “ trainmen  . . . . 

300 

10 

10 

71 — “ “ 

365 

“ 

72 — “ “ 

350 

More . 

10 

10 

73 — Stereotype  and 

electrotype  .... 

250 

Same 

8 

8 

74 — Steam  fitters.  . . . 

200 

Less. . 

8 

8 

15 

30 

30 

10 

75 — “ “ 

200 

** 

8 

8 

30 

76 — Stone  cutters  .... 

290 

Same 

8 

4 

77 — Tailors. . . 

260 

Less. . 

10 

10 

78 — Teamsters 

325 

Same 

10 

10 

10 

5 

Lack  of  work. 

79 — 

313 

9 

12 

80 — 

365 

12 

12 

81 — Theatrical  emp..  . 

304 

u - 

8 

8 

82 — Tile  layers 

310 

H 

8 

8 

83 — Trunk  makers  . 

306 

a 

9 

9 

84 — Sprinkler  fitters. 

90 

it 

8 

8 

85 — Waiters  and  wai- 

tresses 

306 

** 

11 

11 

86 — Woodworkers. . . . 

306 

1 ‘ 

9 

8 

20 

25 

Lack  of  work. 

KANSAS  CITY  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS,  1909-10 — Continued. 

TABLE  NO.  5. 


Showing  location,  schedule  number  and  trade  or  occupation,  1910;  giving  amount  per  week 
out-of-work  benefit,  strike  benefit,  sick  and  accident  benefit,  death  and  funeral  benefit,  paid  in 
1909;  total  amount  paid  from  each  fund  in  1909,  total  amount  paid  from  all  benefit  funds  in  1909; 
number  of  strikes  and  lockouts  in  1909;  number  of  strikes  settled  satisfactorily  in  1909. 


Location  and 
schedule  No., 
1909-10. 


> 


o 
• o 


CO 

o 

CO 


Kansas  City— r 

1 —  Bakers 

2 —  Barbers. . . . 

3 —  Bartenders . 

4 —  Bill  posters 


H 
3 ° 

2 5> 

o'  2 

2 3 

2 o 


P.  ; 

Q. O 


cd  3 
3 o 
CD  C 
3s3 


H 

cro 


-3 

X3  O 
P c 

Eg. 
p- 
£ o 


SO.  00 


5.00 


> 

P a 

o 3 
o o 

Eg 


2 3 

CD  CD 
35  CD 


H 

a 

Wop 

CO  CD  P 

03  3 

co^g 

CD  H 


P-  QJ 

£ 3 


SO.  00 


7.00 

5.00 


£p  3 

O^o 

“erg 

CD  £. 

3 r 

CD  O 
35 


3 5 

CD  P- 


cr  a 
cd  £ 

a CD 


$63  $50-8350 
75 
75 
50 


686 


H 

rt- 

02 
O ^ ^ 

O'  o 


$150 

100 


H 

3 P 
p-1- 

co  p 

^3 
E ° 
2.c 
3 3 
Of?  <-+  ■ 

CO  P 

ss 


$63 


IS 


Organized  Labor , Kansas  City , 1909-10. 


85 


TABLE  NO.  5 — KANSAS  CITY  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS — Continued. 

Showing  location,  schedule  number  and  trade  or  occupation,  1910;  giving  amount 
per  week  out-of-work  benefit,  sick  and  accident  benefit,  death  and  funeral  benefit, 
paid  in  1909 ; total  amount  paid  from  each  fund  in  1909 ; total  amount  paid  from 
all  benefit  funds  in  1909  ; number  of  strikes  and  lockouts  in  1909  ; number  of  strikes 
settled  satisfactorily  in  1909. 


Location  and 
Schedule  No. 

1909-10. 

Amount  per  week  “out-of- 

work  benefit , ” 1909... 

±yjiaL  ctinuuiii  ui  OUl-OI- 

work  benefit”  paid  duringi 

1909 1 

Amount  per  week  “strike 

benefit,”  1909 

Total  amount  of  “strike 

benefit”  paid  during  1909. . 

Amount  per  week  “sick  and 
accident  benefit , ” 1909. . . 

Total  amount  of  “sick  and 
accident  benefit”  paid  dur- 
ing 1909 

Amount  of  “death  and  fun- 
eral benefit”  per  member, 
1909 

Total  amount  of  “death  and 
funeral  benefit”  paid  during 
1909 

= 1 

mi iK. cs  uuruig  inui.... 

Total  amount  paid  from  all 

funds  during  1909 

No.  strikes  settled  satisfac- 
torily during  1909 

No.  lockouts  during  1909.  .. 

Kansas  City— 

$6  0C 



$50-1 Of 

1 . . 

5.0C 



5C 

1 

6.00 

. 

50 

1 

9 — -Bottle  workers 



7.00 

150 

) $900 

i $000 

$7.00 



150 

' 1.200 
450 
100 

1 200 

14 — “ stone  masons 

150 

450 



100 

100  . 

50-200 

900 

900 

17 

200 

18 — “ 

50-200) 

50-200 

20 — Cement  workers 

5.00 

« 

75 

21 — Cigarmakers 

1 3.00 

$30 

i 5.00 

I 

$540 

50-350 

305 

875  . 

22 — Cooks . . 

5.00 

l 

50 

23 — Egg  inspectors 

i $5.00 

235 

235 

24 — Engineers 

7.00 

$336 

336  1 

25 — 

26 — Electrical  workers 

7.00 

100 

27 — 

28 — Elevator  oonst, motors 

29 — Firemen  . . . 

30 — Fixture  hangers . . . 

3.00 

1 

150-200 

31 — Garment  workers . 

32 — Glass  workers 

5.00 

75 

75 

75 

33 — Glass  workers 

7.001 

500 

34 — Glaziers . 

75 

35 — Hod  carriers 



3.00 

300 

90 

180 

480  . . 

36 — Horse  shoers . . 

8.00 

50 

50j 

50 

37 — Iron  workers 

5.00 

38—  “ “ 

5.00 

100 

39 — Lathers 

100 

40 — Leather  workers 

5 00 

5.00 

215 

100 

100 

315 

41 — Machinists . . . 

7 00 

50-200 

75 

75 

42—  “ 

7.00 

75-200 

43 — Marble  workers 

44—  “ “ 

45 — “ helprs 

...... 

46 — Mattress  makers 

6 00 1 

47 — Metal  workers 

5.00 

5.00 

200 

100 

200 

400 

48—  “ “ 

6 OOi 

100 

49 — Moulders 

7 00| 

5.00 

221 

100-200 

221 

50 — Musicians 

....  | 

250 

500 

500 

51 — Newspaper  mailers  .... 

7.00 

75 

52 — Painters 

5.00| 

6.00 

420 

50-300 

420 

53 — ‘ ‘ sign 

150 

150-400 

150" 

54 — Paper  hangers.  . . 

5 00 

200 

200 

200 

55 — Pattern  makers 

50-200 

56 — Photo  Engravers. . . 

5.00 

7.00 

75 

F 

100 

300 

300 

58 — “ apprentices.  . . 

5.00 

100 

100 

100 

59 — Plasterers 

60 — Printers,  pressmen  . . 

7.00 

160 

61—  “ “ “ 

7 00 

750 



100 

200 

950  1 
500  . . 
1,218  .. 

62 — ‘ ‘ feeders .... 

6.00 

500 

100 

] 

63—  “ 

8 00 

136 

5.00 

370 

125 

712 

1 . 

64 — Ry.  carmen 

6.00  . 

65 — “ clerks 

66 — “ conductors. . . 

67 — “ engineers 

7.00  . 

r 

.1.... 

86 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910 . 


TABLE  NO.  5— KANSAS  CITY  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS— Continued. 

Showing  location,  schedule  number  and  trade  or  occupation,  1910;  giving  amount  per  week 
out-of-work  benefit,  strike  benefit,  sick  and  accident  benefit,  death  and  funeral  benefit,  paid  in 
1909;  total  amount  paid  from  each  fund  in  1909;  total  amount  paid  from  all  benefit  funds  in  1909; 
number  of  strikes  and  lockouts  in  1909;  number  of  strikes  settled  satisfactorily  in  1909. 


Location  and 
schedule  No., 

1909-10. 

Amount  per  week  “out-of- 

work  benefit,”  1909 

Total  amount  of  “out-of- 

work  benefit”  paid  during 

1909 

Amount  per  week  “strike 

benefit,”  1909 

Total  amount  of  “strike 

benefit”  paid  during  1909. 

Amount  per  week  “sick  and 
accident  benefit,”  1909. . . 

Total  amount  of  “sick  and 
accident  benefit”  paid  dur- 
ing 1909 

Amount  of  “death  and  fune- 
ral benefit”  per  member, 
1909 

Total  amount  of  “death  and 
funeral  benefit”  paid  during 
1909 

Total  amount  paid  from  all 
funds  during  1909 

| No.  strikes  during  1909  ... 

No.  lockouts  during  1909. . . 

1 No.  strikes  settled  satisfac- 
torily during  1909 

Kansas  City — 

68 — “ firemen 

$7.00 

7.00 

10.00 

14.00 

7.00 

6.00 
7.00 

69 — “ switchmen 

$729 

$1,200 

$4,800 

$5,529 

70 — “ trainmen 

71 — “ “ 

500-1350 

4,400 

4,400 

72—  “ “ 

73 —  Stereotypers  & electrtyp 

74 —  Steam  fitters 

ioo 

50-150 

50 

100 

25-100 

1 



75 — “ “ helpers  . . . 

50 

50 

76 — Stone  cutters 

77 — Tailors 

6.00 

6.00 

6.00 

5.00 

$5.00 

$100 

65 

165 

78 — Teamsters 

79 — “ bakery  .... 

80 — ‘ ‘ carriage 

81 — Theatrical  employes  . . . 

5.00 

25 

75 

75 

100 

82 — Tile  layers 

83 — Trunk  makers 

84 — Sprinkler  fitters 

5.00 

7.00 

5.00 

100 

85 — Waiter  & waitresses.  . . . 

86 — Woodworkers 

4.00 

24 

50 

200 

224 

KANSAS  CITY  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS,  1909-10— Continued. 

TABLE  NO.  6. 

Giving  location,  schedule  number  and  trade  or  occupation,  1910;  number  of  strikes  com- 
promised, 1909;  number  of  strikes  lost,  1909;  number  of  days  duration  of  each  strike,  1909;  tota 
number  of  persons  involved  of  each  local  in  strikes,  1909;  cost  of  strikes  or  lockouts  in  1909  to  each 
local;  number  of  persons  directly  benefited  by  strikes  in  1909  for  each  local;  number  of  persons 
worsted  by  srtikes  in  each  local  in  1909;  total  amount  expended  by  each  local  in  support  of  strike 
in  1909. 


Location  and 
schedule  No., 
1909-10. 

** 

No.  strikes  compromised, 

I 1909  

No.  strikes  lost,  1909. . . 

No.  days  duration  of 
strikes,  1909 

Total  No.  persons  in- 
volved in  strikes,  1909. 

Cause  of  strikes  or  lockouts, 
1909. 

< 

( 

No.  persons  directly  ben- 
i efited  by  strikes  in 

1 909  

; No.  persons  worsted  by 
strikes  in  1909 

Total  amount  expended 

I by  organization  in  sup- 
port of  strikes  in  1909. 

Kansas  City — 

24 — Engineers 

133 

2 

Recognition  of  union  

$336 

61 — Pressmen 

365 

Decrease  in  horns  

200 

62  “ feeders 

365 

10 

250 

63 — Typographia . 

365 

9 

Scale  and  hours 

200 

Tot  als 

28 

$986 

**For  the  tables  in  which  the  cities,  towns  and  schedule  numbers  are  missing,  the  unions  re- 
porting either  had  no  information  along  that  line  to  report,  or  the  secretaries  did.  not  answer  all 
questions  put  to  them  by  the  Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics  schedule.  In  most  cases  there  was  nothing 
new,  nor  no  changes,  to  report.  In  table  1 all  labor  organizations  which  reported  are  given  in  the 
alphabetical  order  of  the  city  or  town  in  which  they  are  located. 


Organized  Labor , Kmsas  City , 1909-10. 


87 


KANSAS  CITY  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS,  1909-10— Continued. 


TABLE  NO.  7. 

Giving  location,  schedule  number  and  trade  or  occupation  in  1910;  amount  of  wages  lost  by 
each  local  through  strikes  in  1909;  gains  in  wages  per  day  for  each  local  through  strikes  in  1909; 
gains  in  reduction  of  hours  per  day  through  strikes  for  each  local  in  1909;  number  of  times  each 
organization  appealed  for  arbitration  in  1909;  number  of  disputes  settled  by  State  or  voluntary 
boards  of  arbitration  in  1909;  result  of  arbitration. 


Location  and 
schedule  No. 
1909-10. 

** 


Kansas  City — 

No.  24 

“ 61 

“ 62 

“ 63 

Totals. . . . 


$800 
1 , 500 
210 
300 


$2,810 


S3 

<T>  CT 
P CD 


II 


53 

p O' 


g? 

O-a 

O w 


o 

S3 

- O' 


CO 

o 

COOT 


M O 

§<! 
~ o 


Results  of  arbitration. 
1909. 


Still  pending.  1 

::  ::  i- 

, j 


Men  found 
work 

elsewhere. 


**For  the  tables  in  which  the  cities,  towns  and  schedule  numbers  are  missing,  the  unions  re“ 
porting  either  had  no  information  along  that  line  to  report,  or  the  secretaries  did  not  answer  all 
questions  put  to  them  by  the  Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics  schedule.  In  most  cases  there  was  nothing 
new,  nor  no  changes,  to  report.  In  table  1 all  labor  organizations  which  reported  are  given  in  the 
alphabetical  order  of  the  city  or  town  in  which  they  are  located. 


KANSAS  CITY  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS,  1909-10— Continued. 

TABLE  NO.  8. 

Giving  location,  schedule  number  and  trade  or  occupation,  1909-10;  number  of  accidents 
fatal  and  non-fatal,  total,  1909;  if  organizations  had  agreements  with  employers  in  1909;  per  cent 
of  members  of  each  local  working  under  agreements,  or  contracts,  in  1909;  specific  points  covered 
by  argeements  or  contract  in  1909;  number  of  years  agreement  or  contract  covers. 


Location  and 
schedule  number. 
1909-10. 

Accidents, 

1909. 

Organizations  having  agree- 
ment with  employers,  1909 

Per  cent  of  members  work- 
ing under  agreements,  1909 

Specific  points  coyered  by 
agreements. 

Number  of  years  for  which 
agreements  are  made 

Number  of  fatal  ac- 
cidents during  1909.. 

Number  of  non-fatal 
accidents  during  1909 

Total  number  of  acci- 
dents during  1909  . . . 

Kansas  City — 

1 — Bakers 

6 

6 

Yes . . 

99 

Wages  and  hours 

1 

2 — Barbers 

100 

1 

3 — Bartenders 

99 

4 — Bill  posters 

# «« 

100 

n n 

1 

5 — Blacksmiths. . . . 

6 — Boiler  makers . . 

Yes.  . 

100 

Wages  and  hours 

7 — “ “ hlprs. 

100 

1 

8 — Bookbinders 

100 

<1  .4 

1 

9 — Bottle  workers. . 

1 

1 

<< 

100 

41  4. 

2 

10 — Brewers  & mists. 

“ 

100 

4 4 4 4 

2 

11 — Brewery  wkrs.. . 

1 

100 

4 4 4 4 

2 

\2 — Beer  drivers. . . . 

<« 

100 

4 4 4 4 

2 

^3 — Bricklayers 

** 

100 

4<  44 

1 

4 — “ stn.  msn 

14 

100 

“ 

1 

88 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


TABLE  NO.  8— KANSAS  CITY  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS— Continued. 

Giving  location,  schedule  number  and  trade  or  occupation,  1909-10;  number  of  accidents, 
fatal  and  non-fatal,  total,  1909;  if  organizations  had  agreements  with  employers  in  1909;  per  cent 
of  members  working  under  agreements  or  contracts  in  1909;  specifie  points  covered  by  agree- 
ment's or  contract  in  1909;  number  of  years  agreement  or  contract  covers. 


Location  and 
schedule  number. 
1909-10. 

Accidents, 

1909. 

Organizations  having  agree- 

ment with  employers,  1909 

Per  cent  of  members  work- 

ing under  agreements,  1909. 

Specific  points  covered  by 
agreements. 

Number  of  years  for  which 
agreements  are  made.... 

Number  of  fatal  acci- 

dents during  1909..  . 

Number  of  non-fatal 

accidents  during  1909 

Total  number  of  acci- 

dents during  1909.  . . 

Kansas  City — 

100 

3 

3 

“ 

100 

,1  ii 

i 

J|^  o ^ • • 

l9 — Carriage  & wgn 

50 

1 

44 

100 

4 4 4 4 

1 

Yes . . 

100 

Wages  and  hours 

1 

90 

1 

3 

3 

<< 

20 

“ “ 

2 

“ 

100 

4 4 4 4 

1 

£ o # 

44 

100 

4 4 4 4 

3 

<< 

100 

ii  it 

1 

2 7 

44 

100 

4 4 4 4 

1 

“ 

100 

“ “ 

44 

100 

4 4 4 4 

i 

1 

1 

44 

100 

44  it 

1 

o o * * 44 

44 

100 

4 4 4 4 

1 

OO  % • • • 

34 Glaziers 

35  Hod  rarriprs! 

Yes . . 

100 

Wages  and  hours 

i 

30 Horse  shoers . 

37  Tron  workers 

Yes.  . 

100 

Wages  and  hours 

9 0 4 4 4 4 

100 

i 

OO  ... 

40 Leather  wkrs. 

4^  Mfl.pliifijcst55 

Yes.  . 

90 

Wages  and  hours 

2 

49  44 

100 

2 

44  Marble  wkrs 

44 

100 

4 4 4 4 

47 — Metal  workers . . 

4Q 44  44 

2 

2 

44 

25 

4 4 4 4 

1 

~rO  • • 

49  Moulders 

Yes.  . 

100 

Wages  and  hours 

1 

ejQ Miisiria.n«; 

20 

1 

ci, Npw^nanpr 

44 

20 

4 4 4 4 

3 

9 c w o papci  Hill  o 

02 Painters 

K9 44  citrn 

Yes . . 

100 

Wages  and  hours 

i 

OO  ol&ll  . . . 

54 Paper  hangers 

100 

l 

cc Pattern  TYikrQ 

44 

cc^_Phntn-nTHrpvrG 

4 4 

100 

Wages  and  hours 

OO  -a  ttoiU“ijiifei  vis,  . 

07 Plumbers 

44 

100 

i 

gQ Pla.stpfprs 

44 

100 

■ 1 it 

l 

60 — Printing  prsmn  . 

1 

1 

44 

100 

“ “ 

3 

61— 

6 

6 

4 ‘ 

100 

4 3 

AO 44  feeHers 

4 4 

100 

“ 11 

1 

g3 44 

44 

100 

4 4 4 4 

3 

A4 Pv  earmen 

44 

100 

4 4 4 4 

1 

68 — “ firemen.  . . . 

1 

4 

5 

Yes.  . 

100 

Wages  and  hours 

59 — 44  switchmen 

2 

2 

4 

Yes . . 

100 

Wages  and  hours 

7 i 44  44 

4 

100 

i 1 • . . 

70 4 4 4 4 

100 

it  ii 

i L . . . 

73 — Stereotypers  & 

plpptrnt  vnnrc 

2 

2 

ClOtU  Uljpclb 

Yes.  . 

100 

Wages  and  hours 

75  4 4 4 4 hips 

77 — Tailors 

Yes.  . 

90 

Wages  and  hours 

i 

7$ — Team«t  ers 

90 

l 

79 — “ 

100 

“ 44 

l 

fin  14  ever  f1rv< 

Yes . . 

100 

44  44 

O'/  CI5.  U1  VI5 

ttl Thea  t riea  1 prnn 

100 

“ *i 

2 

Ol  A IlCtll  1 1C(11  CiJijJ. 

82 — Tile  layers 

<< 

100 

• i ii 

1 

83 — Trunk’  makprs 

100 

1 

84 — Sprinkler  fitters 

85 — Waiters  & wai- 

Yes . . 

100 

Wages  and  hours 

1 

86 — Woodworkers 

80 

1 

Organized  Labor,  St.  Joseph,  1909-10. 


89 


ORGANIZED  LABOR  OF  ST.  JOSEPH,  1909-10. 


FORTY  UNIONS  REPORT  PROGRESS. 

Returns  from  forty  unions  in  St.  Joseph,  for  the  year  1909,  in- 
Higher  Wages,  dicate  that  organized  labor  held  its  own  there.  While  there  was 
Shorter  Hours,  a slight  loss  in  membership  in  the  twelve  months  under  consider- 
ation, yet  a more  complete  organization  of  the  trades,  which  are 
unionized,  was  reported,  the  per  cent,  of  concentration  advancing  to  76.6  as  compared 
with  75.8  for  1908,  and  75.1  for  1907.  This  speaks  well  for  the  forty  unions  which 
reported,  clearly  indicating  that  each  craft  managed  to  gather  in  new  members  dur- 
ing 1909,  spread  the  principles  of  unionism  over  a wider  field  and  extend  protection, 
higher  wages  and  shorter  hours  to  working  men  and  women,  who  had  probably  never 
before  known  what  strength  there  was  in  organization  and  in  having  a common  cause 
to  strive  for. 

But  there  is  still  some  work  to  be  done  in  St.  Joseph  in  the  way  of  organization, 
which  will  not  be  complete  until  a further  gain  of  13.4  per  cent,  in  membership  is 
made  and  each  local  reports  100%  of  unionism  in  the  craft  it  covers.  The  falling 
off  in  organized  working  women,  is  as  readily  explained  for  this  city,  as  it  is  for  many 
other  places  in  Missouri,  the  magic  word  “marriage”  applying  as  quickly  here  as 
elsewhere.  Of  course  other  women  stepped  in  to  take  the  places  of  those  who 
were  led  into  another  path  by  cupid,  but  it  takes  hard  work  to  convince  the  new 
comers  that  labor  organizations  are  necessary  for  their  protection  in  the  way  of 
adequate  wages  and  reasonable  working  hours.  About  the  time  they  have  made  the 
discovery  that  to  be  a unionist  shields  them  against  some  employers  and  have  joined 
some  local,  a member  of  organized  labor  steps  in  and  carries  the  convert  away  as  his 
help  mate. 

Enthusiastic  Unionists. 

The  slight  loss  in  membership  among  the  male  portion  of  St.  Joseph’s  organized 
labor  forces  was  more  due  to  members  of  the  railway  unions  moving  to  other  places, 
than  anything  else,  but  a little  is  reported  as  being  caused  by  “lack  of  interest.” 
Among  the  garment  workers  there  was  a decrease  in  membership  of  fifty,  with  the 
latter  reason  as  the  cause. 

Among  the  bricklayers  unionism  and  enthusiam  prevailed  to  such  an  extent  in 
1909  that  thirty  new  members  were  added.  This  union,  on  December  31  of  that 
year,  had  a membership  of  127,  with  a prevailing  wage  scale  of  75  cents  an  hour, 
which  easily  gave  the  followers  of  that  calling  the  proud  position,  for  St.  Joseph,  of 
drawing  the  highest  daily  pay  enjoyed  by  any  union  workers.  Eight  hours  constituted 
a day’s  work,  with  a scale  of  $6  per  diem,  if  full  time  was  put  in.  But  just  like  other 
out-door  trades,  there  is  little,  if  any  work,  in  winter  and  early  spring. 

Plasterers  had  a scale  of  70  cents  an  hour,  with  eight  hours  constituting  a day 
of  work,  but  when  a full  year  is  considered,  it  will  be  found  that  those  of  this  calling 
who  average  half  time  in  a period  of  twelve  months  are  very  fortunate. 

Other  building  trades  which  reported  an  increase  in  membership,  and  the  in- 
crease for  the  year  were:  Carpenters,  who  had  on  December  31st  last,  a union  of 
204,  with  12  new  members  on  the  roll;  hod  carriers,  146  members,  of  whom  22  were 
recent  converts;  lathers,  membership  17,  new,  3;  painters  and  paper  hangers,  member- 
ship 48,  new,  25;  and  plumbers,  46,  new,  18. 


90 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


Many  Toiling  Women. 

Local  No.  104,  Garment  Workers,  reported  a membership  of  515  at  the  com- 
mencement of  1910,  made  up  of  45  males  and  470  females.  But  even  with  this 
large  roll  the  report  was  made  that  “only  40  per  cent,  of  the  craft  is  organized”  for 
St.  Joseph.  The  scale  of  wages  was  20  cents  an  hour,  with  eight  hours  making  a day 
of  work.  Another  local  with  female  members  is  Musicians,  No.  50.  On  January 
1st  last,  there  were  110  members  in  this  union,  made  up  of  90  males  and  20  females, 
with  an  increase  for  the  year  of  ten  members. 

The  Bartenders  of  St.  Joseph  are  better  organized  than  is  the  case  in  St.  Louis 
or  Kansas  City.  The  per  cent,  is  80,  which  speaks  well  for  the  members  of  that  call- 
ing there.  Nine  hours  is  a day  of  work  and  the  union  pay  is  $16  a week,  without, 
of  course,  Sunday  work. 

Street  Railway  Employes  are  Organized. 

All  wage  earning  street  car  employes  of  St.  Joseph  are  members  of  Local  No. 
No.  326,  as  an  organization  of  100  per  cent,  is  reported  by  the  secretary.  Ten  hours 
is  a day  of  work,  and  the  scale  runs  from  19  to  23  cents  an  hour. 

Brewery  Workers  report  an  organization  of  100  per  cent.,  which  record  looks 
well  for  the  members  of  that  calling.  The  day  is  nine. hours  in  length  with  $18  a 
week  as  the  compensation. 

All  cigar  makers  in  St.  Joseph  belong  to  Local  No.  95,  as  an  organization  of  100 
per  cent,  is  reported.  The  scale  is  40  cents  an  hour,  with  eight  hours  constituting 
a day. 

Other  crafts  reporting  an  organization  of  100  per  cent  are:  Stereotypers,  8 
members;  Moulders,  48  members. 

WAGES  INCREASED  IN  1909. 

The  largest  increase  in  wages  for  1909  is  reported  by  the  bookbinders,  who  gained 
six  cents  an  hour.  Typesetters  were  granted  an  advance  of  $3  a week.  Bakers 
and  brewery  workers  report  an  increase  of  $1  a week  for  each  worker.  Bricklayers 
gained  five  cents  an  hour.  Others  reporting  increases  are:  Boiler  makers,  three 
cents  an  hour;  garment  workers  two  cents  an  hour,  and  pressmen  five  cents  an  hour. 

Street  railway  employes  have  an  agreement  with  their  employers  which  extends 
over  a period  of  four  years.  It  chiefly  covers  hours  and  wages.  The  typesetters 
have  an  agreement  which  covers  three  years,  with  wages  and  hours  as  the  essential 
points.  The  locals  of  the  bakers,  brewery  workers,  bricklayers  and  pressmen’s 
assistants  have  two  year  agreements. 

ST.  JOSEPH’S  CENTRAL  BODY. 

St.  Joseph  has  a Central  Labor  Council  with  which  all  of  its  locals  arc  affiliated. 
It  meets  the  first  and  third  Friday  of  every  month  at  the  Knights  of  Pythias  Hall 
at  Seventh  and  Edmond  Streets.  For  the  year  1910,  W.  J.  Jones  was  President.  He 
lives  at  2815  Charles  street  in  that  city.  C.  L.  Kennedy  of  2219  Angelique  street 
was  the  Secretary. 


PROSPERITY  INCREASES  THE  AMOUNT  OF  WORK. 

ONLY  ONE  STRIKE  REPORTED. 

More  Work.  The  return  of  prosperity  gave  more  work  in  St.  Joseph  in  1909 
to  members  of  organized  labor,  eleven  unions  reporting  to  that  effect,  as  compared 
with  only  one  union  which  in  1908  had  more  work  over  1907.  Not  a local  report- 
ed “less  work”  than  in  1908,  as  compared  with  eleven  which  in  1908  reported  there 


Organized  Labor,  St.  Joseph,  1909-10. 


91 


was  '‘less  work”  than  in  1907.  Twenty-eight  other  unions  reported  the  "same  work” 
as  in  1908. 

Strikes  and  Lockouts. — Only  one  strike  was  reported  for  1909.  Twenty  carpenters 
"walked  out”  because  of  a disagreement  over  the  "wage  schedule”  with  two  or  three 
contractors.  In  seven  days  an  agreement  was  reached  which  directly  benefited  75 
carpenters,  but  not  until  $448  had  been  lost  in  wages.  The  gain  was  5 cents  an 
hour,  or  40  cents  a day,  for  each  carpenter. 

Sick  and  Death  Benefits. — Fifteen  of  the  forty  unions  reporting  for  St.  Joseph 
for  1909,  make  returns  that  they  allowed  sick  and  accident  benefits.  The  average 
amount  to  a member  was  $6.93  a week.  Last  year  $2,469  was  paid  out  for  that 
purpose  by  these  fifteen  unions.  Thirty-three  paid  death  benefits,  averaging  $387.42 
per  member.  In  1909  $11,543  was  expended  by  these  thirty-three  locals  in  that  wav. 
These  are  some  of  the  benefits  of  organized  labor.  No  union  reported  any  "out-of- 
work”  benefit,  and  therefore  no  moneys  were  paid  out  for  the  purpose.  Twenty- 
four  of  the  forty  locals  allow  "strike  benefits”,  the  average  being  $6.98  a week,  but 
no  money  left  the  different  treasuries  for  that  purpose  in  1909.  In  all,  for  sick, 
accident  and  death  benefits,  $14,036  was  paid  out  last  year. 

Accidents. — Only  two  fatal  accidents  are  reported  as  occuring  among  union  men 
in  St.  Joseph  in  1909,  but  there  were  39  others  in  which  there  was  either  a partial  or 
complete  recovery. 

Of  the  3,214  union  men  and  women  in  St.  Joseph,  94.2  per  cent,  are  working 
under  agreements  and  contracts  with  their  employers,  running  from  one  to  five 
years. 

The  following  tables  give  complete  statistical  information  on  organized  labor 
in  St.  Joseph.  It  was  prepared  on  returns  made  to  the  Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics 
by  the  secretaries  of  the  forty  unions  which  reported.  Its  accuracy,  therefore,  depends 
entirely  on  the  correctness  and  completeness  of  the  report  of  the  secretary  of  each 
local. 


SUMMARY  OF  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS  IN  ST.  JOSEPH,  1909-C8-07. 


Subject. 

1909. 

1908. 

1907. 

Total  number  of  organizations  reporting  January  1,  1910 

40 

42 

43 

“ “ male  members  January  1,  1910 

“ “ female  “ “ “ 

“ “ of  members  “ “ 

“ “ “ 1909 

2,720 

494 

2,869 

542 

2,900 

585 

3,214 

3,411 

3,214 

197 

3,485 

Decrease  in  membership,  1909  over  1908 

Average  per  cent,  of  trade  organized 

“ number  of  hours  constituting  a day’s  work.  . . . 

Established  wage  rate  in  cents  per  hour 

Average  number  of  days  employed 

Number  of  organizations  reporting  “more”  work 

“ “ “ “less”  work 

“ “ “ “same”  work 

76.6% 

9.1 

$.344 

2.95 

11 

28 

1 

75.8% 

9.02 

$.3714 

292 

1 

11 

75.1% 

9.14 

$.3556 

291.75 

15 

4 

“ “ paying  “out-of-work”  benefit . 

i 

1 

Average  amount  of  “out-of-work”  benefit  paid  weekly.  . 

Total  amount  of  “out-of-work”  benefit  fund  paid 

Number  of  organizations  paying  “strike”  benefit 

Average  amount  per  week  “strike”  benefit 

Total  amount  paid  out  in  “strike”  benefit 

Number  of  organizations  paying  “sick  and  accident” 
benefit 

$3~ 

24 

$6.98 

$24 

15 

$6.93 

$2,469 

33 

$387.42 

811,543 

$14,036 

$3 

$51.50 

27 

$7.09 

13 

$6.54 

$1,227.50 

33 

$164.84 

3,640 

5,450 

$3 

$18.00 

28 

$6.43 

18 

$5.94 

$1,948 

32 

$233.28 
3 , 840 
6,187 

Average  amount  per  week  “sick  and  accident”  benefit. . 

Total  amount  of  “sick  and  accident”  benefit  paid 

Number  of  organizations  paying  “death”  benefit 

Average  amount  of  “death”  benefit  paid  per  member. . 

Total  amount  of  “death”  benefit  paid 

“ “ paid  from  all  benefit  funds 

“ number  of  locals  involved  in  strikes  in  1909 

“ “ “ “ lockouts  “ 

2 

3 

Settling  strikes  and  lockouts  satisfactorilv 

2 

0 

“ “ “ “ by  compromising 

2 

92  Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


SUMMARY  OF  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS  IN  ST.  JOSEPH,  1909-08-07— Continued. 


Subject. 

^1909. 

1908. 

1907. 

Strikes  and  lockouts  lost 

o 

“ “ “ still  pending 

0 

Number  of  persons  involved  in  strikes  and  lockouts.  . . . 

“ benefited  by  strikes  and  lockouts. . . 

21 

47 

76 

53 

“ worsted  by  strikes  and  lockouts  .... 

Total  amount  expended  in  support  of  strikes  and  , ) 

lock-outs  f 

$424 

$20 . 00 

“ wages  lost  to  members  through  strikes  ) 

and  lockouts  j 

$500 

$60 . 00 

Number  of  organizations  reporting  increase  in  wages.  . . 

“ reduction  in  hours) 

per  day  j 

9 

2 

2 

1 

“ “ appeals  for  arbitration 

0 

“ “ disputes  settled  by  arbitration 

“ “ fatal  accidents 

2 

11 

1 

“ “ non-fatal  accidents 

39 

105 

29 

Total  number  of  accidents 

41 

116 

30 

Number  of  organizations  reporting  agreements  with  em- 
ployers   

25 

27 

28 

Average  per  cent,  of  members  of  a trade  working  under 
agreement  . . 

94.20 

ST.  JOSEPH  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS,  1909-10. 

TABLE  NO.  1. 

Giving  trade  or  occupation,  location  and  schedule  number,  1910;  name  and  local  number  of 
organization  in  1910;  with  what  national  of  international  organization  local  was  affiliated  in  1909- 
10;  when  local  organized  and  when  local  incorporated,  if  incorporated. 


Location,  schedule  No. 
and  occupation , 
1909-10. 

r 

Name  i 
local 

and  number  of 
organization. 
1909-10. 

With  what  national  or  in- 
ternational organization 
affiliated. 

Yr.  local 
org’niz’d. 

1 — Bakers . . . 

Local  No.  83 

B.  & C.  W.  I.  U 

1900 

2 — Barbers . . 

“ 

128 

J.  B.  I.  U.  of  A 

1889 

3 — Bartenders 

422 

H.  & R.  E.  & B.  I.  L.  of  A 

1907 

4 — Rrp.wery  workers  . . . 

“ 

93 

I.  B.  W.  of  A 

1893 

5 — Bricklayers 

it 

‘4 

5 

B.  H.  I.  U 

1892 

6 — Boiler  makers 

“ 

31 

I.  B.  B.  M.  & I.  S.  B 

1908 

7 — Rnnkhindprs 

‘ ‘ 

179 

I.  B.  of  B.  B . . 

1907 

8 — Boot  & shoe  makers . . . 

“ 

“ 

61 

B.  & S.  W.  I.  U 

1908 

9 — Butchers 

‘ 4 

23 

A.  M.  C.  of  A 

1892 

10 — Carpenters 

“ 

110 

U.  B.  of  C.  & J.  of  A 

1897 

1 1 — Cigarmakers 

44 

‘4 

95 

C.  M.  I.  U.  of  A 

1879 

1 2 — Coopers 

i* 

«4 

20 

C.  I.  U.  of  N.  A 

1898 

13 — Engineers 

120 

I.  B.  of  L.  E 

1900 

14 — Electrical  workers.  . . . 

“ 

40 

I.  B.  of  E.  W.  of  A 

1899 

1 5 — Firemen 

109 

F.  I.  U.  of  A 

1902 

Ifi — Oarmpnt,  workers 

*< 

104 

I.  U.  G.  W.  of  A 

1900 

17 — Hod  carriers  . 

4 

B.  H.  J.  P.  U.  of  A 

1901 

18 — Lathers 

21 

W.  W.  & M.  L.  U 

1900 

19 — Leather  workers 

3 

U.  B.  of  L.  W.  of  H.  G 

1896 

90 — M aehinists 

It 

it 

539 

I.  A.  of  M 

1902 

21 — Metal  workers 

“ 

45 

A.  S.  M.  U.  I.  A 

1903 

22 — Moulders 

4 4 

138 

I.  M.  U.  of  A 

1900 

93 — M 1 1 si  p i an  s 

50 

A.  F.  of  M 

1890 

24 — Painters  & paper  hngrs. 

“ 

98 

P.  D.  & P.  H.  of  A 

1899 

25 — Plasterers 

“ 

54 

O.  P.  I.  U 

1899 

96 — PI  1 1 m hers 

< ‘ 

45 

J.  P.  G.  & S.  F.  of  U.  S 

1898 

27 — Printing,  typographic! 

“ 

40 

I.  T.  U 

1859 

2^—  “ pressmen 

15 

I.  P.  P.  & A.  U.  of  A 

1895 

29 — “ “ assts. . 

10 

I.  P.  P.  U.  of  A 

1903 

30 — Ry  carmen 

1 1 

67 

B.  R.  C.  of  A 

1898 

3 1 — “ conductors 

141 

O.  R.  C 

1883 

32 — 4<  engineers 

a 

107 

I.  B.  of  L.  E 

1869 

33 — 14  44 

a 

tt 

597 

I.  B.  of  L.  E 

1902 

34 — 14  firemen 

a 

565 

9 

B.  of  L.  F 

1900 

35 — 44  switchmen 

a 

S.  U.  of  N.  A 

1898 

36 — 44  trainmen 

a 

92 ...........  . 

B.  of  R.  T . 

1890 

37 — Retail  clerks 

n 

369 

R.  C.  I.  P.  A 

1901 

'iW St  prpnt  vnpr< 

a 

61 

I S & E U 

• ) O kj  ICl  LU  l J \JKZl  o 

39 — St.  Ry.  employes 

“ 

326 

A.  A.  of  St.  C.  E.  of  A 

1903 

40 — Stage  employes 

“ 

“ 

43 

I.  A.  T.  S.  E 

1886 

Planned , Erected  and  Owned  by  Organised  Labor  of  Kansas  City , Mo. 
Southwest  corner  of  14th  and  Woodland  ave. 


Organized  Labor,  St.  Joseph,  1909-10, 


93 


ST.  JOSEPH  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS,  1909-10— Continued. 

TABLE  NO.  2.  * 

Showing  location,  schedule  number  and  trade  or  occupation,  1910;  membership  in  December 
31,  1909;  increase  or  decrease,  1909  over  1908;  per  cent  of  trade  organized  locally,  1909;  number 
of  hours  constituting  a day’s  work  in  1909;  standard  wages  established  by  local  during  1909. 


Location, 
schedule  No. 
and  occupation, 
1909-10. 

Membership 

Dec.  31, 1909 

Increase  or 

decrease 

during  'year 

1909 

Cause  of  increase  or 
decrease, 

1909. 

Per  cent  of  trade  organ- 
ized locally,  1909 

No.  of  hours  constituting 
day’s  work  in  1909.  . . . 

Standard  wages  es- 
tablished by  local 
during  1909. 

Cents  per  hour . . 

Dollars  per  day. . 

Dollars  per  week 

Males 

Females  . . . 

hH 

P 

O 

CD 

P 

M 

CD 

I Decrease . . . 

St.  Joseph — 

•15 

2 

Machines  installed 

50 

10 

$15.00 

80 

10 

Agitation 

99 

14 

14.00 

3 — Bartenders  .... 

104 

28 

80 

9 

16  00 

4 — Bfewery  wkrs . . . 

80 

100 

9 

18^00 

5 — Bricklayers 

127 

30 

97 

8 

$ . 75 

6 — Boiler  makers . . . 

20 

75 

10 

.36 

7 — Bookbinders . . . . 

15 

100 

8 

17 . 50 

8 — Boot  & shoe  mkrs 

7 

. .3 

Suspended  

20 

10 

12^00 

9 — Butchers 

70 

50 

8 

.22 

10 — Carpenters 

204 

12 

Agitation 

50 

8 

.45 

1 1 — Cigarmakers  .... 

| 65 

100 

8 

.40 

12 — Coopers  

16 

3 

60 

10 

18.00 

13 — Engineers  

21 

90 

10 

.25 

14 — Electrical  wkrs  . . 

59 

80 

8 

16.50 

15 — Firemen 

14 

6 

Lack  of  interest 

60 

10 

.25 

16 — Garment  wkrs.  . . 

45 

470 

50 

40 

8 

.20 

17 — Hod  carriers .... 

146 

22 

More  work 

90 

8 

.35 

18 — Lathers  

17 

3 

90 

8 

24.00 

19 — Leather  workers. 

168 

95 

10 

.32i 

20 — Machinists 

68 

83 

9 

.37 

21 — Metal  workers.  . . 

13 

20 

8 

.45 

22 — Moulders 

48 

100 

9 

.33£ 

23 — Musicians 

90 

20 

10 

Natural  growth 

90 

24 — Painters  & p.  hng 

48 

25 

Lack  of  interest 

40 

8 

.45 

25 — Plasterers 

20 

50 

8 

.70 

26 — Plumbers 

46 

18 

Better  organization .... 

80 

8 

$5.00 

27 — Printing,  typo  . . . 

98 

' ' '4 

' 5 

Newspaper  suspended . . 

98 

• 8 

21.00 

28 — “ prsmn. . . 

23 

' 4 

Better  conditions 

95 

8 

18.00 

29 — “ assts .... 

17 

80 

8 

n!oo 

30 — Ry.  carmen 

45 

55 

Indifferent  members . . . 

50 

10 

.24 

31 — “ conductors. . 

140 

10 

100 

10 

per 

mile 

.0375 

32 — “ engineers.  . . 

167 

10 

Natural  causes 

90 

10 

5.00 

33 — “ “ 

24 

95 

10 

4 . 5C 

34 — ‘ ‘ firemen 

32 

90 

10 

3.00 

35 — “ switchmen.  . 

75 

5 

90 

10 

.35 

36 — “ trainmen.  . . 

170 

25 

Organization 

85 

10 

35 

37 — Retail  Clerks.  . . . 

60 

12 

10 

15.00 

38 — Stereotypers . . . . 

8 

100 

8 

3.50 

39 —  St.  Ry.  emplys . . 

40 —  Stage  employes.  . 

225 

100 

10 

19-23 

30 

90 

22 . 50 

94 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


ST.  JOSEPH  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS,  1909-10— Continued. 

TABLE  NO.  3. 

Showing  location,  schedule  number,  trade  or  occupation  in  1910;  wages  of  1909  compared  with 
wages  of  1908;  showing  increase  or  decrease  per  hour,  day,  week,  month  or  ton,  or  mile,  and  for 
piece  work,  if  any. 


During  the  year  1909, 
as  compared  with 
1908,  did  wages 
increase? 


During  the  year  1909, 
as  compared  with 
1908,  did  wages 
increase? 


Location,  schedule 
No.  and  occupa- 
tion, 1909-10. 

** 


> 

o3 

a ° 
2.  c 


> 

d.3 

o o 
cc 
p o 

M 

; tj 

CD 


> 

c-3 

o o 


■o 

o> 


Location,  schedule 
No.  and  occupa- 
tion, 1909-10. 


► 

a3 

o o 
p p 


> 
a3 
o o 

p p 


CD 


CD 


St.  Joseph — 

1 — Bakeries 

4 —  Brewery  workers. 

5 —  Bricklayers 

6 —  Boiler  makers . . . 

7 —  Bookbinders 


$.05 

.03 

.06 


$1 


St.  Joseph — 

10 — Carpenters 

$.05 

.02 

16 — Garment  workers.  . 
27 — Printers  typo 

$3.00 

28 — Printing  pressmen. . 

.05 

**For  the  tables  in  which  the  cities,  towns  and  schedule  numbers  are  missing,  the  unions  re- 
porting either  had  no  information  along  that  line  to  report,  or  the  secretaries  did  not  answer  all 
questions  put  to  them  by  the  Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics  schedule.  In  most  cases  there  was  nothing 
new,  nor  no  changes,  to  report.  In  table  1 all  labor  organizations  which  reported  are  given  in  the 
alphabetical  order  of  the  city  or  town  in  which  they  are  located. 


ST.  .JOSEPH  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS,  1909-10— Continued. 

TABLE  NO.  4. 

Showing  location,  schedule  number  and  trade  or  occupation,  1910;  average  number  of  days 
employed  in  1909;  organization  reporting  more  or  less  work  in  1909,  as  compared  with  1908;  the 
regular  hours  per  day,  except  Saturdays  in  1909;  hours  work  Saturdays,  1909;  per  cent  of  members 
unemployed,  and  cause  of  non-employment  in  1909. 


Location,  schedule 

No.  and  occupation, 
1909-10. 

Average  No.  of  days  em- 
ployed during  1909 

Organizations  reporting 
more  or  less  work  in  1909, 
as  compared  with  1908. . 

St.  Joseph — 

1 — Bakers 

313 

Same 

2 — Barbers 

313 

44 

3 — Bartenders 

300 

44 

4 — Brewery  wkrs. . . . 

313 

More . 

5 — Bricklayers 

250 

44 

6 — Boiler  makers. . . . 

290 

Same 

7 — Bookbinders 

300 

44 

8 — Boot  & shoe  wks. . 

300 

44 

9 — Butchers 

250 

44 

10 — Carpenters 

200 

More . 

11 — Cigarmakers 

275 

Same 

12 — Coopers 

300 

44 

13 — Engineers 

260 

More. 

14 — Electrical  wkrs..  . 

3001  Same 

Organized  Labor,  St.  Joseph,  1909-10 


95 


TABLE  NO.  4— ST.  JOSEPH  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS— Continued. 


Showing  location  and  schedule  number;  trade  or  occupation;  average  number  of  days  em- 
ployed in  1909;  organizations  reporting  more  or  less  work  in  1909,  as  compared  with  . 1908;  regular 
hours  per  day,  except  Saturday;  hours  worked  Saturday;  per  cent  of  members  unemployed;  and 
cause  of  non-employment  in  1909. 


Location, 
schedule  No. 
and  occupation 
1909-10. 

Average  No.  of  days  em- 

ployed during  1909 

Organizations  reporting 

more  or  less  work  in  1909, 

as  compared  with  1908. 

Regular  No.  of  hours  per 

day  except  Saturday,  1909 

No.  of  hours  worked  Sat- 

urday  

Per  cent  of  members  unem- 
ployed in  1909  for  quar- 
ter ending 

Specific  cause  of  non- 
employment, 

1909. 

March  31 

June  30 

September  30. . . 

December  31. . . . 

1 

St.  Joseph — 

15 — Firemen 

300 

“ 

10 

10 

16 — Garment  wkrs . . . 

290 

8 

4 

17 — Hod  carriers 

325 

8 

8 

50 

50 

Lack  of  work. 

18 — Lathers 

234 

More . 

8 

8 

90 

5 

80 

19 — Leather  workers.. 

305 

10 

5 

2 

2 

6 j 

6 

Work  shortage. 

20 — Machinists 

310 

Same 

9 

8 

21 — Metal  workers.  . . 

200 

8 

8 

22 — Moulders 

310 

“ 

9 

9 

24 — Painters  & p lings 

275 

<• 

8 

8 

25 — Plasterers 

150 

More . 

8 

8 

26 — Plumbing 

300 

8 

7 

27 — Printing,  typo  . . . 

300 

Same 

8 

5 

3 

5 

3 

3 

Lack  of  work. 

28 — “ prsmn . . . 

305 

‘ 1 

8 

5 

29 — “ assts.  . . . 

301 

8 

8 

30 — Ry.  carmen 

290 

More . 

9 

9 

31 — “ conductors. . . 

300 

10 

10 

10 

10 

10 

10 

“ “ 

32 — “ engineers  . . . 

365 

* 1 

10 

10 

33—  “ 

365 

Same 

10 

10 

34 — “ firemen 

345 

10 

10 

35 — “ switchmen. . . 

350 

“ 

10 

10 

20 

15 

15 

“ 

36 — “ trainmen .... 

360 

* « 

10 

10 

37 — Retail  clerks 

312 

ii 

10 

14 

38 — Stereotypers 

311 

a 

8 

8 

39 — St.  Ry.  employes. 

325 

<< 

10 

10 

40 — Stage  employes . . 

295 

“ 

1 

1 

1 

1 

ST.  JOSEPH  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS,  1909-10— Continued. 

! TABLE  NO.  5.  F? 

Showing  location,  schedule  number  and  trade  or  occupation,  1910;  giving  amount  per  week 
out-of-work  benefit,  strike  benefit,  sick  and  accident  benefit,  death  and  funeral  benefit  paid  in 
1909;  total  amount  paid  from  each  fund  in  1909;  total  amount  paid  from  all  benefit  funds  in  1909; 
number  of  strikes  and  lockouts  in  1909;  number  of  strikes  settled  satisfactorily  in  1909. 


Location,  schedule  No. 
and  occupation , 
1909-10. 


St.  Joseph — 

1 —  Bakers 

2 —  Barbers  . . . 

3 —  Bartenders. 


3 3 

CD  CD 

'CD 

CD 

co 

o . 


H 

>->30 

cr£ 

CD  g 

3 o 


P-  : 


g-I 


ta  2 

<Tq  1 


gf 

p 2 


$6.00 

7.50 


>0  o 
P c 

Eg. 

Cu 

So 


£3 

p <r” 

o' CD 
CD  1-1 

P <J 
CD  < 

g?8 

- FT 


02.  . P 

<PFT  ; • P 
• CD  • P- 


$24.00 


$6.00 

4.50 

5.00 


o3| 

cif  § 

p 3 

CD 

050 


©-P 

s 3 

7 p. 


$187 

365 


0—0 

CD 

3© 

05  . 
CD 

>o  p 


3© 

CD  P* 


$60 


cr© 

CD  S 

© H. 
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p.p 

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75  $150 


H 
o3 
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2*3 
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$211 

515 


96 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


TABLE  NO.  5— ST.  JOSEPH  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS— Continued. 

Showing  location  and  schedule  number;  trade  or  occupation;  giving  amount  per  week  “out- 
of-work  benefit;”  “strike  benefit;”  “sick  and  accident  benefit;”  “death  and  funeral  benefit”  paid 
in  1909;  total  amount  paid  from  each  fund  in  1909;  total  amount  paid  from  all  benefit  funds  dur- 
ing 1909;  number  of  strikes  and  lockouts  during  1909;  number  of  strikes  settled  satisfactorily  dur- 
ing 1909. 


Location,  schedule  No. 
and  occupation, 
1909-10. 


> 

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St.  Joseph — 

4 —  Brewery  workers 

5 —  Bricklayers 

6 —  Boiler  makers 

7 —  Bookbinders 

8 —  Boot  and  shoe  makers. . 

9 —  Butchers 

10 —  Carpenters 

11 —  Cigarmakers 

12 —  Coopers 

13 —  Engineers 

14 —  Electrical  workers 

15 —  Firemen 

16 —  Garment  workers 

17 —  Hod  carriers 

18 —  Lathers 

19 —  Leather  workers 

20 —  Machinists 

21 —  Metal  workers 

22 —  Moulders 

23 —  Musicians 

24 —  Painters  & paper  hngrs. . 

25 —  Plasterers 

26 —  Plumbers 

27 —  Printing,  typographical 

28 —  Printing  pressmen 

29 —  Ry.  carmen 

30 — “ conductors 

31 — ‘ ‘ engineers 

32—  “ “ 


33 — “ firemen 

34 — “ trainmen. . . 

35 —  Retail  clerks 

36 —  Stereotypers 

37 —  St.  Ry.  employes 

38 —  Stage  employes. . . 


$7.00 


5.00 

7.00 


5.00 

7.00 


5.00 

5.00 


5.00 

7.00 
5.001. 
7.00  . 


5.00 


5.00 

8.00 
7.00 
7.00 

15.00 

10.00 
10.00 


7.00 

10.00 


$5.00 


5.00 

5T0 


5.00 


4.00 

5.00 
5.00 
5.00 


20.00 

20.00 


5.00 

5.00 


$12 


$20 

500 


50 


468 

50 


50 


25 

315 


100 

100 

100 

200 

150 

100 

75 

150 

50 

100 

90 

100 


2IKI 


375 


200 


180 


300 

450 


75 

4.500 

1.500 

4,400 

1,500 


150 

4,500 


3,000 

1,500 


150 

4,800 


3,450 

1,500 


90 


ind  lo< 


Organized  Labor,  St.  Joseph,  1909-10 


97 


ST.  JOSEPH  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS,  1909-10— Continued. 

TABLE  NO.  6. 

Giving  location,  schedule  number  and  trade  or  occupation,  1910;  number  of  strikes  com- 
promised, 1909;  number  of  strikes  lost,  1909;  number  of  days  duration  of  each  strike,  1909;  total 
number  of  persons  involved  of  each  local  in  strikes,  1909;  cost  of  strikes  or  lockouts  in  1909  to  each 
local;  number  of  persons  directly  benefited  by  strikes  in  1909  for  each  local;  number  of  persons 
worsted  by  strikes  in  each  local  in  1909;  total  amount  expended  by  each  local  in  support  of  strikes 
in  1909. 


Location,  schedule 
No.  and  occupa- 
tion, 1909-10. 

** 

No.  strikes  compromised, 

1909 

Number  strikes  lost,  1909 

Number  days  duration 

of  strikes,  1909 

Total  number  persons 

involved  in  strikes,  1909 

Cause  of  strikes  or  lockouts. 
1909. 

< 

1 

Number  persons  directly 
benefited  by  strikes  in 
1909 

Number  persons  worsted 
by  strikes  in  1909 .... 

Total  amount  expended 
by  organization  in  sup- 
port of  strikes  in  1909. 

St.  Joseph — 

2 — Rarhers 

27 

1 

Scale  and  hours  

1 

$24 

10 — Carpenters. . . 

1 

7 

20 

Wage  schedule 

75 

400 

ST.  JOSEPH  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS,  1909-10— Continued. 

TABLE  NO.  7. 

Giving  location,  schedule  number  and  trade  or  occupation  in  1910;  amount  of  wages  lost  by 
each  local  through  strike  in  1909;  gains  in  wages  per  day  for  each  local  through  strikes  in  1909; 
gains  in  reduction  of  hours  per  day  through  strikes  for  each  local  in  1909;  number  of  times  each 
organization  appealed  for  arbitration  in  1909;  number  of  disputes  settled  by  State  or  voluntary 
boards  of  arbitration  in  1909;  result  of  aribtration. 


Location,  schedule 
No.  and  occupa- 
tion, 1909-10. 

** 


> 

0*3 


OK 3 3 


B'o 

si 


St.  Joseph — 

2 — Barbers  . . . 
10 — Carpenters 


$52 

448 


$.40 


Q 

p 

CD  £?• 


cop. 

Op 
co  o 


1 

1 


•5  P 


Sb 

o CD 


2 
B p 
cr  3 
S-'cr 

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p <~i 

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o w 
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> g 
o'? 


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O CD 
P to 

3.  g 

o cr 
>3 


Results  of  arbitration, 
1909. 


Settled  satisfactorily. 


**For  the  tables  in  which  the  cities,  towns  and  schedule  numbers  are  missing, 
the  unions  reporting  either  had  no  information  along  that  line  to  report,  or  the  secre- 
taries did  not  answer  all  questions  put  to  them  by  the  Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics 
schedule.  In  most  cases  there  was  nothing  new,  nor  no  changes,  to  report.  In  table  1 
all  labor  organizations  which  reported  are  given  in  the  alphabetical  order  of  the  city 
or  town  in  which  they  are  located. 


O L — 7 


98 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


ST.  JOSEPH  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS,  1909-10— Continued. 

TABLE  NO.  8. 

Giving  location,  schedule  number  and  trade  or  occupation,  1909-10;  number  of  accidents,  fatal 
and  non-fatal,  total,  1909;  if  organization  had  agreements  with  employers  in  1909;  percent  of 
members  of  each  local  working  under  agreements  or  contracts  in  1909;  specific  points  covered  of 
agreements  or  contract  in  1909;  number  of  years  agreement  or  contract  covers. 


Location  and 
schedule  number, 
trade  or  occupa- 
tion, 1909-10. 

o 

<}  Number  of  fatal  acci- 

dents during  1909.  . . 

Number  of  non-fatal 

accidents  during  1909 

Total  number  of  acci- 

dents  during  1909 . . . 

Organizations  having  agree- 

ment with  employers 

Per  cent  of  members  work- 
ing under  agreements, *,1909 

Specific  points  covered  by 
agreements. 

Number  of  years  for  which 
agreements  are  made 

>t.  Joseph — 

Yes . . 

100 

Wages  and  hours 

2 

3 

3 

100 

1 

1 

1 

a 

100 

it  a 

4 — Brewery  wkrs 

2 

2 

<< 

100 

tt  n 

2 

— "Rri  p.kl  a,  y p/r  s 

it 

100 

n i, 

2 

6 — Boiler  makers 

a 

75 

Wages  and  working  conditions 

1 

7 — Rnokhindp.rs 

a 

100 

Wages  and  hours 

1 

8 — Boot  & shoe  wks 

a 

30 

1 

9 — Butchers 

No. . . 

10 — Carpenters 

3 

3 

1 1 — Cifira.rmfl.kprt! 

<< 

1 2 — Coopers 

<< 

1 3 — Enyinppfs 

<• 

14 — Elp.r.trip.al  wks 

1 5 — Firemen 

<* 

16 — Garment  wkrs 

Yes . . 

100 

Wages  and  hours 

1 

1 7 — Hod  oa.rrip.rs 

3 

3 

100 

1 

1 8 — Lathers 

>> 

19 — Leather  wkrs 

Yes . . 

100 

Wages  and  hours 

1 

20 — Machinists 

2 

2 

100 

1 

21 — Metal  workers 

No  . . 

22 — Monldprs 

6 

6 

Yes. . 

100 

Wages  and  hours 

1 

2 a — M n si  pi  a.n  s 

No 

24 — Painter  & p.  ling 

25 — Pla.st.p.rp.rs 

26 — Plumbers 

27 — Printing  typo 

Yes.  . 

100 

Wages  and  hours 

3 

28 — “ prsmn 

100 

1 

29 — “ a.sst.s 

100 

<4  It 

2 

30 — Ry.  carmen 

75 

44  <4 

1 

31 — “ conductors 

1 

2 

3 

100 

4 4 4 4 

32 — “ pnginpp.rs 

100 

ii  ii 

33 — “ “ 

3 

3 

100 

4 4 4 4 

34 — “ firemen 

1 

1 

100 

4 4 4 4 

35 — 11  switchmen 

75 

4 4 4 4 

36 — *'  trianmen 

10 

10 

100 

4 4 4 4 

37 — Retail  clerks. . . . 

1 

1 

100 

“ 

1 

3S — Kt.prpnt.ypprs 

No 

39 — St.  Ry.  emplys 

3 

3 

Yes . . 

100 

Wages  and  time 

4 

40 — Stage  employes . 

Totals 

2 

39 

41 

25 

1 

1 

1 

Organized  Labor , State,  1909-10. 


99 


STATE  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS. 


OUTSIDE  OF  ST.  LOUIS,  KANSAS  CITY  AND  ST.  JOSEPH. 

Missouri  is  full  of  prosperous  and  flourishing  cities  and  towns,  somewhat  smaller 
than  St.  Louis,  Kansas  City  or  St.  Joseph,  with  populations  ranging  from  about 
55,000  down  to  3,000,  all  of  which  contain  well  organized  and  active  labor  unions, 
covering  the  different  trades  and  callings  which  have  helped  to  make  this  great  com- 
monwealth what  it  now  is. 

This  chapter  treats,  in  particular,  with  organized  labor,  as  it  will  be  found  in  the 
following  communities. 


Ardmore, 

Aurora, 

Bevier, 

Bonne  Terre, 

Brookfield, 

Brownington, 

California, 

Camden, 

Cape  Girardeau, 

Carterville, 

Carthage, 

Caruthersville, 

Chaffee, 

Charleston, 

Chilhowee, 

Chillicothe, 

Columbia, 

Gonnellsville, 

Corder, 

Danford, 

Deepwater, 

Desloge, 


DeSoto, 

Doe  Run, 
Dover, 

Drexel, 

Eldon, 

Elliott, 

Farber, 

Farmington, 

| Fegley, 

Flat  River, 

I Fleming, 

I Graniteville, 
Hannibal, 
j Herculaneum, 
j Higbee, 
Higginsville, 

I Henry, 
Huntsville, 
j Jefferson  City, 
Joplin, 

J Keota, 
Kirksville, 


Kirkwood, 

Laredo, 

Lead  Wood, 

Lexington, 

Lingo, 

Macon, 

Marceline, 

Marshall, 

Martinsburg, 

Milan, 

Mine  La  Motte, 

Minden  Mines, 

Missouri  City, 

Moberly, 

Monett, 

Napoleon, 

Nevada, 

New  Franklin, 

Novinger, 

Orrick, 

Panama, 


Perry, 

Piedmont, 

; Poplar  Bluff, 
Rich  Hill, 
Richmond, 
Russell, 
Salisbury, 
Sedalia, 
Slater, 
Springfield, 
Stahl, 
Stanberry, 
Swanwick, 
Thayer, 
Trenton, 
Vandalia, 

I Vibbard, 
Waverly, 

| Wellington, 

I Windsor, 
Yates. 


UNION  SENTIMENT  STRONG. 

For  the  state — outside  of  St.  Louis,  Kansas  City  and  St.  Joseph — a total  of  298 
locals,  made  reports  for  1909,  or  are  accounted  for  otherwise.  For  some  of  these 
organizations  it  was  found  necessary  to  use  the  reports  of  1908,  either  partly  or  entirely. 
There  was  a falling  off  of  five  locals  over  1908  and  twelve  locals  over  1907.  The  failure 
to  receive  reports  from  them  does  not  mean  that  they  have  gone  out  of  existence,  as 
some  of  the  secretaries  may  have  failed  to  answer  the  requests  for  statistical  infor- 
mation, which  were  made  repeatedly  through  mail.  The  locals  are  in  places  hard  to 
reach,  and  special  agents  could  not  be  sent  to  round  up  the  missing  reports  without 
great  expense  and  a loss  of  much  valuable  time. 

MORE  ORGANIZED  WOMEN  TOILERS. 

A total  of  20,901  members  are  reported  for  1909  as  compared  with  21,063  for 
1908  and  21,637  for  1907.  Most  of  this  shortage  is  due  to  the  failure  of  eight  or  ten 
locals  to  report,  which  neglect  interferes  with  giving  organized  labor  full  credit  for 
its  entire  membership. 

There  was  a gain  in  membership  in  the  union  made  up  of  working  women,  there 
being  on  December  31,  160  members  in  good  standing  as  compared  with  122  for  the 
year  before. 


100 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics,  1910. 


A slight  increase  in  wages,  due  to  organization,  is  reported  for  1909  over  1908, 
the  average  being  $.3381  per  hour  for  the  former  year  and  $.3377  for  the  latter.  For 
1907  the  average  was  $.3197  per  hour.  Unionism  accomplished  this  much  good 
even  if  it  did  nothing  further.  There  was  a gain  in  the  amount  of  work,  the  average 
for  the  year  being  291.04  days  for  each  as  compared  with  275.01  for  1908.  An  even 
105  unions  reported  “more  work.” 

Other  statistical  information  for  the  298  locals — outside  of  St.  Louis,  Kansas 
City  and  St.  Joseph — is  given  in  the  following  summary: 

SUMMARY  OF  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS  IN  STATE,  OUTSIDE  OF  ST.  LOUIS, 
KANSAS  CITY  AND  ST.  JOSEPH,  1909-08-07. 


Subject. 


1909. 


1908. 


1907. 


Total  number  of  organizations  reporting  January  1,  1910 


male  members  January  1,  1910 

female  members  “ “ 

of  members  “ “ — 9 — 8. 


298 


20,741 

160 


20,901 


1909 


303 


310 


20,941 

122 


21,399 

238 


21,063 


21,637 


20,901 


Decrease  in  membership,  1909  over  1908 


Average  per  cent,  of  trade  organized 

“ number  of  hours  constituting  a day’s  work.  . . . 

Established  wage  rate — in  cents — per  hour 

Average  number  of  days  employed 


Number  of  organizations  reporting  “more”work 

“ “ “less”  work 

“ “same”  work 

paying  “out-of-work”  benefit. 
Total  amount  of  “out-of-work”  benefit  paid 


Number  of  organizations  paying  “strike”  benefit 

Average  amount  per  week  “strike”  benefit 

Number  of  organizations  paying  “sick  and  accident” 

benefit 

Average  amount  per  week  “sick  and  accident”  benefit. . 

Total  amount  of  “sick  and  accident”  benefits  paid 

Number  of  organizations  paying  “death”  benefits 

Average  amount  of  “death”  benefit  paid  per  member  . . . 

Total  amount  of  “death”  benefits  paid 

“ paid  from  all  benefit  funds 


“ number  of  locals  reporting  strikes 

“ lockouts 

“ disagreements  settled  \ 
satisfactorily  f 
“ “ compro-  \ 

mised  j 

“ “ “ lost. . . . 

still  \ 
pending  j 

Number  of  persons  involved  in  strikes  and  lockouts.  . . . 
“ benefited  by  strikes  “ “ 

“ worsted  by  strikes  “ “ 

Total  amount  expended  in  support  of  strikes  and  lock-  \ 

outs  / 

“ wages  lost  to  members  through  strikes  1 
and  lockouts  / 

Number  of  organizations  reporting  increase  in  wages.  . . 

“ reduction  in  hours  1 
per  day  / 

appeals  for  arbitrations 

“ disputes  settled  by  arbitration 

“ fatal  accidents 

“ non-fatal  accidents 

Total  number  of  accidents 


162 


105 

22 

96 

110 

153 

30 

45 

14 

8 

6 

$255 

$1,512 

$429.50 

82.4% 

9.104 

33.81 

291.04 


201 

$6.18 

72 

$5.83 

$7,035 

125 

$162.24 

$8,640 

$15,930 


$1 , 158 

$11,200 


18 


26 

175 


298 


84.6% 

9.01 

33.77 

275 


178 

$5.96 

63 

$14.12 

$7,667.60 

131 

$319.49 

$48,710.00 

$81,458.05 


7,805 

7,765 

40 

$23,648.75 

$9,616.25 


32 

165 


197 


240 


87% 

9.34 

31.97 

294.01 


206 

$5.83 

65 

$647 

$8,061 

213 

$270.48 

$47,465.00 

$111,254.60 


2 

317 

103 

23 


$1,177.25 

$3,168 


32 

245 


277 


251 


Number  of  organizations  reporting  agreements  with 
employers 


Organized  Labor,  Springfield,  1909-10. 


101 


LARGE  RURAL  UNIONS. 


MEMBERSHIP  JANUARY  1,  1910. 

The  largest  rural  local  in  the  State  is  in  Richmond,  Ray  county.  Tt  is 
Coal  made  up  of  850  male  members,  all  coal  miners.  An  increase  in  member- 

Miners  ship  of  138  was  reported  for  1909.  Keota  has  three  unions  with  a com- 
Active.  bined  roll  of  872,  and  an  increase  of  20  for  1909.  Lexington  reports  two 
unions  with  a strength  of  1,070.  Eight  unions  in  Marceline  had  637 
members,  and  an  increase  of  52  over  1908.  The  railroad  men  of  Chaffee  number  415, 
divided  up  into  six  unions.  Bevier  has  one  union,  consisting  of  526  miners.  In 
Brookfield  there  are  nine  unions  with  a membership  of  552  males  and  25  females, 
with  one  or  two  partially  made  up  of  many  of  the  employes  of  a shoe  factory.  DeSoto, 
a railroad  center  of  Jefferson  county,  has  620  union  men  in  ten  unions.  Eldon, 
another  railroad  center  on  the  “Rock  Island”  and  the  “Bagnell  branch”  of  the  Mis- 
souri Pacific,  has  five  locals,  with  198  members.  Milan  has  five  unions,  with  an  en- 
rollment of  145.  In  Monett,  a flourishing  city  of  Barry  county,  there  are  six  organiz- 
ations, which  gained  25  members  in  1909  and  had  574  active  workers  on  January  1, 
1910.  The  coal  district  of  Novinger  has  950  miners  organized  into  seven  locals, 
which  gained  46  new  members  last  year.  Nevada  reports  five  unions  with  421  men 
in  good  standing.  In  Butler  county  there  are  four  unions  with  a strength  of  77,  all 
concentrated  in  and  around  Poplar  Bluff.  A gain  of  eleven  occured  over  1908. 
Slater  has  305  union  workers,  divided  up  between  four  locals.  In  Trenton  there  are 
514  organized  toilers,  belonging  to  nine  unions.  The  increase  for  the  year  was  23 
members.  Thayer,  the  fruit  shipping  center  of  Oregon  county,  has  243  railroad 
men  in  five  unions.  At  Stanberry  there  are  four  locals,  which  reported  120  workers. 

SPRINGFIELD  IN  THE  LEAD. 

Excepting  St.  Louis,  Kansas  City  and  St.  Joseph,  there  is  more  organ- 
Labor  ization  among  the  wage  earners  of  Springfield,  that  booming  and  fast 
Stronghold,  growing  city  of  the  Ozarks,.  than  there  is  in  any  other  portion  of  Missouri. 

Thirty-nine  locals  come  forward  for  1909,  with  a membership  of  2,883 
males  and  21  females.  They  also  report  an  increase  of  289  members  over  1908. 
One  local  composed  of  railway  telegraphers  reports  800  male  operators  and  five 
females,  and  an  increase  in  membership  of  190,  for  the  year  of  1909.  They  work 
12  hours  a day  and  the  scale  is  $55  a month.  The  organization  is  97  per  cent. 

Nearly  every  skilled  worker  of  Springfield  belongs  to  some  union.  Among  the 
crafts  organized  there  are  the  bakers,  barbers,  bartenders,  blacksmiths  and  iron 
workers,  boiler  makers,  brewery  workers,  bricklayers  and  stone  masons,  broommakers, 
carpenters,  cigar  makers,  electrical  workers,  horseshoers,  lathers,  leatherworkers, 
machinists,  metal  workers,  musicians,  moulders,  painters  plasterers,  plumbers, 
printers,  pressmen,  railway  conductors,  engineers,  firemen,  switchmen,  trainmen 
and  telegraphers,  retail  clerks,  stage  employes,  street  railwaymen,  stone  cutters  and 
tailors.  Workers  following  occupations  somewhat  similar  to  those  enumerated 
belong  to  those  unions.  All  are  allied  with  the  Missouri  State  Federation  and  with 
the  National  bodies  covering  their  pursuits. 


102 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


JOPLIN  UNIONS. 


Some  of  the  strongest  unions  of  the  State,  and  several  of  the  most 
Work  in  active  leaders,  are  found  in  Joplin.  Reports  were  received  from  24 
Harmony,  locals  for  1909,  a gain  of  one.  The  membership  totaled  920  men  and 
41  women.  No  other  city  in  Missouri  shows  up  as  well.  The  gain 
in  members  in  one  year  was  396  men  and  8 women,  which,  in  percentage,  makes 
Joplin  head  the  list  for  work  in  the  way  of  perfecting  its  organizations  in  1909.  The 
garment  workers  are  well  organized  and  have  a strong  local  composed  of  men  and 
women.  Carpenters,  brewery  workers,  bakers,  cigarmakers,  bricklayers,  machinists, 
bartenders,  printers,  painters,  plasterers,  plumbers  and  all  railway  men  have  large 
organizations  and  work  together  in  perfect  harmony  for  their  cause.  All  locals 
belong  to  and  have  representation  in  the  trades  assembly,  which  meets  on  the  second 
and  fourth  Sunday  of  each  month.  The  officers  of  this  body  are: 


President — H.  H.  Hall,  1821  Empire. 
Vice-President — J.  L.  Jennings,  831  Elm. 
Recording  Secretary — J.  J.  Shelby,  60S  Finn. 
Financial  Secretary — E.  E.  Ristine,  114  W.  4th. 
Treasurer — Lon.  Troxel,  1605  Penn. 


Trustees — Charles  W.  Fear,  821  W.  4th;  F.  M. 
Jones,  1110  Indiana;  W.  C.  Bauer,  1417 
Virginia. 

Sergeant-at-Arms — W.  P.  Lisenbee,  407  Main. 


Ihe  officers  of  the  Building  Trades  Council  and  their  home  addresses  are: 

BUILDING  TRADES  COUNCIL. 

President — H.  Monteith : . . 1602  Connor 

Recording  Secretary — Charles  Leeson 1801  Virginia 

Financial  Secretary — Charles  Wells 2002  Moffet 

The  Joplin  Allied  Printing  Trades  Council  meets  the  first  Monday  of  each  month. 
The  officers  are:  President,  M.  II.  Gardner,  510  Gray  street;  Secretary,  Will  Flippin, 
1207  Valley  street. 

The  Joplin  Trades  Assembly  is  made  up  of  the  following  unions;  the  name  of 
either  the  1910  President  or  Secretary  being  also  given; 


JOPLIN  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS. 

Bakers,  No.  143 — President,  Cleve  Waddell, 
112  Main  street. 

Boilermakers,  No.  230 — Secretary,  E.  E. 
Vaughan,  1802  Sergeant  street. 

Barbers,  No.  37 — Secretary,  A.  E.  Snelson, 
109  West  Fourth  street. 

Machinists,  No.  232 — Secretary,  R.  A.  Gillian, 
1034  Joplin  street. 

Steam  Engineers,  No.  389,  Secretary,  J.  H. 
Baker,  916  Virginia  street. 

Sheet  Metal  Workers — Secretary,  C.  W. 
Wells,  2004  Moffet  street. 

Musicians,  No.  112 — Secretary,  Charles 
Hutchison,  716  Joplin  street. 

Federal  Labor  Union  No.  12844 — Secretary, 
C.  B.  Gardner,  1417  Perkins  avenue. 

Typographical,  No.  350 — Secretary,  M.  H. 
Gardner,  510  Gray  street. 

Painters,  No.  126 — Secretary,  Charles  Leeson, 
1801  Virginia  avenue;  Recording  Secretary, 
George  Keller,  1909  Bird  avenue. 

Stonecutters,  No.  112 — Secretary,  J.  Hughes, 
1023  Ivy  avenue. 

Garment  Workers,  No.  163 — Secretary,  Pearl 
Dorsey,  Overall  Factory. 


Theatre  Stage  Employes,  No.  176 — Secretary 
Charles  Minor,  Box  106,  City  Postoffice 

Building  Laborers,  No.  168 — Secretary,  J.  F. 
Harlow,  721  Grand  avenue. 

Iron  Molders,  No.  204 — Secretary,  Tom  Jones, 
1100  Indiana  avenue;  Recording  Secretary,  J.  J. 
Shelby,  608  Furnace  street. 

Bricklayers,  No.  8 — A.  J.  McCaffrey,  Post- 
office  Box  No.  768. 

Brewery  Workers,  No.  193 — Secretary,  W.  C. 
Bauer,  1417  Virginia  avenue. 

Bartenders,  No.  827 — Secretary,  John  Joyce, 
512  Main  street. 

Pressmen’s.  Union — Secretary,  Will  Flippin, 
1207  Valley  street. 

Carpenters,  No.  311 — Secretary,  L.  F.  King, 
2202  May  street. 

Cigar  Makers,  No.  322 — Secretary,  Charles  A. 
Patterson,  610  Main  street. 

Electrical  Workers,  No.  95 — Secretary, 
Charles  Nelson,  Postoffice  Box  No.  385. 

Plumbers,  No.  375 — Secretary,  J.  B.  Reynolds, 
904  Penn  street. 

Tailors,  No.  290 — Secretary,  Jack  Kuehn, 
Hotel  Ferney. 

Plasterers’  Union — Secretary,  O.  L.  Brown, 
404  North  Moffet  avenue. 


Organized  Labor,  Jefferson  City,  1909-10. 


103 


HANNIBAL  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS. 

Eighteen  locals  in  Hannibal  report  a membership  on  January  1, 1910,  of  953,  of 
which  twenty  were  women.  The  increase  for  the  year  was  twenty.  Shoe  workers, 
railway  men,  cigarmakers,  stove  mounters,  carpenters,  retail  clerks  and  machinists 
have  substantial  organizations.  Bakers,  barbers,  bartenders,  electrical  workers, 
molders,  paper  hangers. and  painters,  printers  and  tailors,  all  have  locals  with  a 
membership  averaging  98%  complete. 


CAPE  GIRARDEAU  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS. 

Cape  Girardeau. — Eight  unions  composed  of  bakers,  bartenders,  blacksmiths, 
boilermakers,  cigarmakers,  machinists,  and  railway  employes  had  a membership 
on  January  1,  1910,  of  202  members.  A gain  of  38  members  is  reported. 


JEFFERSON  CITY  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS. 

Another  city  in  which  unionism  is  very  strong  among  skilled  work- 
Capitol  City  ers,  is  Jefferson  City,  the  Capitol  City  of  Missouri.  It  contains 
is  Unionized,  fifteen  unions,  with  a membership  of  588  men  and  3 women.  At  one 
time  it  had  a strong  garment  worker’s  union,  but  the  convict  labor 
system  in  vogue  there  caused  it  to  suspend  its  existence  and  surrender  its  charter. 
Regardless  of  this  metropolis  being  the  center  of  the  prison  shops  of  Missouri  the 
feeling  that  there  is  strength  and  protection  in  organization  was  so  formidable  in 
1909  that  49  new  members  joined  the  locals.  Union  hall  is  the  chief  headquarters 
of  organized  labor.  The  Central  Trades  Council  meets  on  the  second  and  fourth 
Fridays  of  every  month.  Among  the  crafts  which  have  unions  are  the  printers,  all 
railway  men,  pressmen,  sheet  metal  workers,  bartenders,  barbers,  brewery  workers, 
painters,  decorators  and  paper  hangers,  hod  carriers,  retail  clerks,  cigar  makers, 
carpenters  and  joiners,  plasterers,  musicians  and  bookbinders. 

The  1910  officers  of  the  Central  body  are:  President,  F.  H.  Luetkewitte; 
Vice  President,  Russell  Cook;  Secretary,  Martin  Loesch  of  801  Jackson  street. 

OFFICERS  OF  SOME  LOCALS. 

Bartenders’  Union,  No.  531 — President,  Nick  Kielman,  Jr.;  Vice-President, 

Edward  Bohnenberger ; Secretary,  Tony  Blume;  Treasurer,  George 
Peasner. 

Bookbinders’  Union,  No.  Ill — President,  Geo.  Hanselman;  Vice-President, 

J.  H.  Wallace;  Secretary,  A.  Knernschield ; Treasurer,  Hy.  Walz. 

Cigarmakers’  Union,  No.  193 — President,  Chas.  Strauss;  Secretary-Treas- 
urer, Joseph  Kuehn. 

Musicians’  Union,  No.  274 — President,  W.  J.  Edwards;  Vice-President,  Geo. 
Bartholomaeus;  Secretary-Treasurer,  Tony  Blume. 

Pressmens’  Union,  No.  184 — President,  Adam  Koecher;  Vice-President, 

Gibson  Smith;  Secretary-Treasurer,  F.  H.  Borgmeyer;  Business  Agent, 

Martin  Loesch. 

Typographical  Union,  No.  119 — President,  Martin  Pohlmann;  Vice-Presi- 
dent, Henry  Wengert;  Secretary-Treasurer,  Geo.  Root;  Recording 
Secretary,  Ed.  Hestand. 

Barbers’  Union,  No.  325 — President,  J.  W.  Reppeto;  Vice-President,  N. 

R.  McCamment;  Secretary,  Geo.  McFarland. 


104 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


MOBERLY’S  LABOR  UNIONS. 

Organized  railway  men  making  Moberly  their  home  give  that  city  high  rank 
for  unionism.  For  1909  eighteen  locals  reported,"  stating  that  on  January,  1st  1910, 
their  total  strength  was  1,189  men,  and  that  49  new  members  had  been  added  to 
the  rolls  during  the  year.  The  railway  organizations  are  made  up  of  carmen,  con- 
ductors, engineers,  firemen,  and  trainmen.  There  is  a local  of  teamsters  there,  one, 
each,  of  barbers,  bartenders,  blacksmiths,  boilermakers,  bricklayers,  carpenters, 
cigar  makers,  coal  miners,  machinists,  painters,  plasterers  and  printers. 


ORGANIZED  LABOR  IN  SEDALIA. 

The  busy  and  progressive  city  of  Sedalia  has  twenty-one  labor  unions, with  a 
membership  of  1,016  men  and  11  women.  In  1909,  41  new  names  were  added  to 
the  rolls.  As  this  is  a railroad  center  there  are  locals  here  made  up  of  carmen,  engi- 
neers, firemen  and  trainmen.  Two  car  shops  furnish  the  membership  for  locals  of 
boilermakers,  machinists  and  blacksmiths.  Other  unions  are  composed  of  bakers, 
tailors,  stage  employes,  retail  clerks,  bartenders,  carpenters,  cigarmakers,  electrical 
workers,  metal  workers,  musicians,  printers.  There  is  a Central  body  composed  of 
representatives  from  each  local. 


COAL  MINERS  AT  KIRKSVILLE  STRIKE. 

The  only  labor  troubles  reported  for  the  State  in  1909,  outside  of  St.  Louis, 
Kansas  City  and  St.  Joseph,  consisted  of  disagreements  Locals  Nos.  2,686  and 
2855,  located  at  Kirksville,  had  with  two  coal  mine  operators. 

These  two  locals  are  made  up  of  coal  miners.  The  miners  walked  out.  There 
were  thirty-seven  in  this  strike. 

Local  No.  2855  asked  for  the  reinstatement  of  a blacksmith  who  had  been  dis- 
charged in  violation  of  their  agreement  with  the  operator.  They  were  out  68  days 
and  then  came  the  settlement  of  the  trouble,  which  consisted  of  the  rein- 
statement of  “blacksmith  with  payment  of  14  days’  compensation,  as  per  contract.” 
This  walk-out  cost  $2,200  in  wages  and  an  expenditure  of  $549.  The  strike  of  seven 
members  of  local  No.  2686  was  caused  by  the  refusal  of  the  company  they  were  work- 
ing for  to  comply  with  contract.  The  walk-out  occured  in  January,  1909,  and  lasted 
until  October  31,  1909,  when  the  strikers  were  transferred,  by  the  State  organization, 
to  other  coal  sections  and  put  to  work.  On  October  31,  1910,  this  mine  changed 
ownership  and  a settlement  was  agreed  upon  with  the  new  company,  which  signed 
a contract  providing  for  union  wages,  hours  and  other  conditions.  In  wages  this 
strike  cost  $9,000;  in  addition  $609  was  expended  otherwise. 


OTHER  CITIES  AND  TOWNS. 

Facts  and  figures  in  detail,  for  other  union  centers  of  Missouri — outside  of  St. 
Louis,  Kansas  City  and  St.  Joseph  will  be  found  in  the  tables  which  follow: 


Organized  Labor,  Rural,  1909-10, 


105 


LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS  OF  STATE. 

OUTSIDE  OF  ST.  LOUIS,  KANSAS  CITY  AND  ST.  JOSEPH. 

TABLE  NO.  1. 

Showing  location  and  schedule  number;  trade  or  occupation;  name  and  number  of  local  organiza- 
tion; with  what  national  or  international  organization  affiliated ; year  in  which 
local  was  organized;  year  in  which  local  was  incorporated. 


Location,  schedule  No. 
and  occupation, 
1909-10. 

Name  and  number  of 
local  organization. 
1909-10. 

With  what  national  or  in- 
ternational organization 
affiliated. 

Yr.  local 
org’niz’d 

Ardmore — 

1 — Coal  mining 

Local  No.  956 

U.  M.  w:  of  A 

1899 

Aurora — 

2 — Carpenters 

“ 1421 

U.  B.  of  C.  & J.  of  A 

1906 

Bevier — 

3 — Coal  mining 

“ 919 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1899 

Bonne  Terre — 

4 — Machinists 

“ 643 

A.  F.  of  L 

1903 

5 — Railway  engineers... 

“ 686 

B.  of  L.  E 

1905 

6 — Railway  trainmen.  . 

“ 696 

B.  of  R.  T 

1904 

Bowen — 

7 — Coal  mining 

“ 2669 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1907 

Brookfield — 

8 — Boiler  makers 

“ 354 

J.  B.  B.  M.  & I.  S.  B 

1903 

9 — Bricklayers 

“ 12 

A.  F.  of  L 

1902 

1901 

10 — Coal  mining 

“ 1875 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1 1 — Machinists 

“ 538 

I.  A.  M 

1898 

12 — Railway  conductors. 

“ 194 

O.  R,  C 

1898 

13 — Railway  engineers . . 

‘i 

“ 616 

B.  of  L.  E 

1903 

14 — Railway  firemen. . . . 

“ 634 

B.  of  L.  F 

1901 

15 — Railway  trainmen..  . 

“ 19 

B.  of  R.  F 

1900 

16 — Retail  clerks 

“ 658 

R.  C.  I.  P.  A 

1900 

California — 

1 7 — Carpenters 

“ 1303.. 

U.  B.  of  C.  & J.  of  A 

1902 

Camden — 

18 — Coal  mining 

“ 104 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1899 

19 — Coal  mining 

“ 1928 

U.  M.  W.  of  A. . . 

1901 

Cape  Girardeau — 

20 — Barbers 

“ 232 

J.  B.  I.  U.  of  A.  . . 

1905 

21 — Bartenders 

“ 625 

H.  & R.  E.  & B.  I.  L.  of  A . 

1900 

1905 

22 — Blacksmiths 

“ 272 

A.  F.  of  L 

23 — Boiler  makers ....... 

“ 430 

B.  of  B.  M.  & I.  S.  B 

1904 

24 — Boiler  makers  hlprs . 

“ 245 

I.  B.  of  B.  M.  I.  S.  B.  & H 

1908 

25 — Cigar  makers 

“ 442 

C.  M.  I.  U.  of  A.  . 

1903 

1903 

1903 

26 — Machinists 

“ 272 

I.  A.  of  M 

27 — Railway  carmen. . . . 

“ 293 

B.  R.  C 

Carthage — 

28 — Stone  cutters 

Carthage  local 

J.  S.  C.  A.  of  N.  A 

1887 

29 — Printers 

Local  No.  689 

I.  T.  U.  of  A . 

1909 

1906 

Chaffee — 

30 — Carpenters 

“ 875 

U.  B.  of  C.  & J.  of  A 

31 —  Railway  carmen.  . . . 

32 — “ engineers.  . . 

“ 478 

B.  of  R.  C 

1907 

“ 595 

B.  of  L.  E 

11902 

33 — “ conductors.. 

“ 422 

O.  of  R.  C 

1902 

34 — “ trainmen  . . . 

“ 569 

B.  of  R.  T 

'1900 

35—  “ 

“ 656 

B.  of  R.  T 

1903 

Charleston — 

36 — Carpenters 

“ 566 

U.  B.  of  C.  & J.  of  A 

1892 

Chilhowee — 

37 — Coal  mining 

“ 2039 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1906 

Chillicothe — 

38 — Carpenters 

“ 1262 

U.  B.  of  C.  & J 

1902 

1905 

1906 

Columbia — 

39 — Bricklayers 

“ 17 

I.  B.  of  B.  & M 

40 — Hod  carriers 

V 7 

B.  & L.  I.  P.  U.  of  A. . 

41 — Printers 

“ 160 

I.  T.  U 

1899 

Corder — 

42 — Coal  mining 

“ 1400 

U.  M.  W.  of  A . . 

1899 

Deepwater — 

43 — Coal  mining 

“ 1073.. 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1903 

DeSoto — 

44 — Bartenders 

“ 343 

H.  & R.  E.  & B.  I.  L.  of  A 

1902 

1891 

45 — Blacksmiths 

“ 45 

I.  B.  of  B.  & H 

46 — Bofler  makers 

“ ii7.:.:::::::: 

I.  B.  of  B.  M.  & I.  S.  B 

1891 

47 — Boiler  makers  hlprs. 

“ 146 

I.  B.  of  B.  M.  & I.  S.  B 

1903 

48 — Machinists 

i ( 

“ 135 

I.  S.  of  M.  & A.  F.  of  L 

1890 

49 — Metal  workers. ..... 

44 

“ 290 

I.  A.  A.  S.  M.  W 

1899 

Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics y 1910. 


106 


TABLE  NO.  1— LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS— Continued. 


Showing  location  and  schedule  number;  trade  or  occupation;  name  and  number  of  local  organiza- 
tion; with  what  national  or  international  organization  affiliated;  year  in  which 
local  was  organized;  year  in  which  local  was  incorporated. 


Location,  schedule  No. 
and  occupation, 
1909-10. 


DeSoto — 

50 —  Railway  carmen .... 

51 —  Railway  conductors 

52 —  Railway  firemen. . . . 

53 —  Railway  trainmen . . 
Dover — 

54 —  Coal  mining 

Eldon — 

55 —  Railway  carmen .... 

56. — “ conductors.. 

57 — “ engineers... 

58 — “ firemen 

59 — “ trainmen. . . 

Elliott- 

60 —  Coal  mining 

Farmington — 

61 —  Tailors 

Flat  River — 

62 —  Barbers 

Fleming — 

63 —  Coal  mining 

Graniteville — 

64 —  Granite  cutters. . . . . 

65 —  Paving  cutters 

Hannibal- 

66 —  Bakers 

67 —  Barbers 

68 —  Bartenders 

69 —  Carpenters 

70 —  Cigar  makers 

71 —  Electrical  workers.. . 

72 —  Machinists 

73 —  Molders 

74 —  Painting,  paperhng.. 

75 —  Printing 

76 —  Railway  carmen. . . . 

77 — “ conductors. . 

78 — “ engineers. . . 

79 — “ firemen 

80 — “ trainmen. . . 

81 —  Retail  clerks 

82 —  Stone  mounters 

83 —  Tailors 

Higbee — 

84 —  Coal  mining 

Higginsville — 

85 —  Coal  mining 

86 —  Laborers 

Hume — 

87 —  Ry.  Telegraphers . . . 
Huntsville — 

88 —  Coal  mining 

Jefferson  City — 

89 —  Barbers 

90 —  Bartenders 

91 —  Bookbinders 

92 —  Bricklayers 

93 —  Carpenters 

94 —  Cigar  makers 

95 —  Hod  carriers 

96 —  Painters 

97 —  Printers 

DS — Pressmen 

99 — Railway  carmen. . . . 

100 — “ conductors.. 

101 — “ trainmen... 

102 — “ firemen.  . . . 

103 —  Retail  clerks 

Joplin — 

104 —  Bakers 

105 —  Barbers 

106 —  Bartenders. . . . 

107 —  Boiler  makers 

108 —  Brewery  workers . . . 

109 —  Bricklayers . . 

110 —  Carpenters. . . 

1 1 1 —  Cigar  makers 


Name  and  number  of 
local  organization, 
1909-10. 

With  what  national  or  in- 
ternational organization 
affiliated. 

Yr.  local 
org’niz’d 

Local  No.  38 

B.  of  R.  C 

1900 

“ “ 241 

O.  R.  C 1 

1886 

“ “ 6 

B.  of  L.  F | 

1888 

“ “ 205 

B.  of  R.  T 

1887 

“ “ 1067 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1899 

Div.  No.  344 

B.  of  R.  C 

1903 

“ “ 438. . . 

O.  R.  C 

1903 

“ “ 611.. 

B.  of  L.  E 

1902 

“ “ 641 

B.  of  L.  F 

1903 

“ “ 690 

B.  of  R.  T 

1903 

Local  No.  1041 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1899 

“ “ 527 

J.  B.  I.  U.  of  A 

1903 

“ “ 947... 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1899 

G.  C.  I.  A.  of  A 

1877 

Local  No.  77 

G.  C.  1.  A.  of  A 

1907 

“ “ 365  . . 

B.  & C.  W.  I.  U.  of  A 

1903 

“ 271 

J.  B.  I.  U.  of  A 

1901 

“ 386 

H.  & R.  E.  & B.  I.  L 

1902 

“ 607 

B.  of  C.  & J.  of  A 

1900 

“ il  76 

C.  M.  I.  A 

1880 

“ 350 

I.  B.  of  E.  W 

1902 

j “ “ 537 

I.  A.  of  M 

1902 

“ 142 

I.  M.  U.  of  N.  A 

1886 

“ 298 

B.  P.  P.  & D.  of  A 

1900 

“ 88 

I.  T.  U . 

1865 

Div.  No.  389 

B.  of  R.  C 

1889 

“ 39 

O.  R.  C 

1879 

“ “ 629. . . 

B.  of  L.  E 

1904 

| “ “ 290. . . 

B.  of  L.  F 

1885 

“ “ 46  . . 

B.  of  R.  T 

1888 

Local  No.  271 

R.  C.  I.  P.  A 

1899 

“ “ 15 

S.  M.  & S.  R.  W.  I.  T 

1902 

! “ “ 283 

J.  T.  I.  U 

1901 

| “ “ 954  . . 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1899 

| «<  <<  377 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1899 

“ “ 6998 

A.  F.  of  L 

1897 

“ “5 

O.  R.  T 

1898 

“ “ 1185 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1899 

“ “ 325 

J.  B.  I.  U.  of  A 

1901 

“ “ 531 

H.  & R.  E.  & B.  I.  L 

1901 

“ “ 111 

I.  B.  & B.  U.  of  A 

1902 

B.  M.  I.  U 

1900 

“ “ 945 

U.  B.  of  C.  & J.  of  A 

1901 

“ “ 193 

C.  M.  I.  U.  of  A 

1882 

“ “2 

B.  L.  I.  P.  U.  of  A 

1903 

“ “ 944 

B.  of  P.  & D.  of  P.  H.  A 

1901 

“ 119 

I.  T.  U 

1880 

“ “ 184 

I.  P.  P.  & A.  U 

1905 

Div  No  248 

B.  of  R.  C 

1903 

“ “ 279 

1903 

“ “ 637 

B.  of  R.  T 

1902 

“ “ 622 

B of  R.  F 

1903 

Local  No.  878 

R.  C.  I.  P.  A 

1903 

“ “ 148 

B & C.  W.  of  A 

1905 

««  “ 37 

JBIUofA  

1900 

“ “ 827 

B I.  L.  of  A 

1905 

“ “ 230 

I.  B.  of  B.  M.  & I.  S.  B.  of  A 

1900 

“ “ 193 

I.  U.  of  U.  B.  W.  of  A ,* 

1900 

“ “ 8 

B.  &.  S.  M.  I.  U 

1890 

“ “ 3 i i 

U B.  of  C.  & J.  of  A 

1899 

“ 322 

C.  M.  I.  U.  of  A 

1899 

Organized  Labor , Rural,  1909-10 , 


107 


TABLE  NO.  1— LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS— Continued. 


Showing  location  and  schedule  number;  trade  or  occupation;  name  and  number  of  local  organiza- 
tion; with  what  national  or  international  organization  affiliated;  year  in  which 
local  was  organized;  year  in  which  local  was  incorporated. 


Location,  schedule  No. 
and  occupation, 
1909-10. 

Name  and  number  of 
local  organization, 
1909-10. 

With  what  national  or  in- 
ternational organization 
affiliated. 

Yr.  local 
jorg’niz’d 

Joplin — 

Local  No.  389 

I.  S.  U.  of  A 

1910 

113 — Electrical’workers.. . 

“ “ 95 

I.  B.  of  E.  W 

1899 

“ “ 168 

U.  G.  W.  of  A 

1906 

115 — Hod  carriers 

“ “ 165 

I.  H.  U.  of  A 

1909 

1 1 6 — Machinist  s 

“ “ 232 

I.  A.  of  M 

1897 

117 — Metal  workers 

“ “ 63 

A.  S.  M.  W.  I.  A 

1898 

1 18 — Molders 

“ “ 204 

I.  I.  M.  of  A 

1899 

“ “ 112 

A.  F.  of  M 

1900 

120 — Painters 

“ “ 126 

B.  P.  D.  & P.  H.  of  A. 

1899 

121 — Plasterers 

“ “ 156 

D.  P.  I.  A 

1906 

122 — Printers 

“ “ 350 

I.  T.  U 

1899 

123 — Pressmen 

“ “ 172 

I.  P.  P.  & A.  U 

1904 

“ “ 187 

B.  of  R.  C 

1902 

“ “ 12844 

A.  F.  of  L 

1909 

A.  F.  of  L 

1904 

127 — Tailors 

Local  No.  290 

J.  T.  U.  of  A 

1907 

Keota — 

128 — Coal  mining 

“ “ 65 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1902 

129 — “ “ 

“ “ 1918 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1903 

130 — “ “ 

“ “ 2744 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1904 

Kirksville — 

131 — Coal  mining 

“ “ 2686 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1908 

132 — “ “ 

“ “ 2855 ! 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1908 

Lexington — 

133 — “ “ 

“ “ 171 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1903 

134 — “ “ 

“ “ 1827 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1901 

Macon — 

135 — Bartenders 

“ “ 662 

H.  & R.  E.  & B.  I.  L 

1903 

Marceline — 

136 — Carpenters 

“ “ 1177 

U.  B.  of  C.  & J.  of  A.  . 

1902 

137 — Coal  mining 

“ “ 177 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1899 

138 — “ “ ... 

“ “ 2143 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1902 

139 — Painters 

“ “ 727 

B.  P.  D.  of  P.  H.  of  A 

1902 

140 — Railway  conductors. 

Div.  No.  283 

O.  R.  C 

1890 

141 — Railway  firemen. . . . 

“ “ 486 

B.  of  L.  F 

1895 

142 — Railway  trainmen.. . 

“ “ 272 

B.  of  R.  T 

1890 

143 — Teamsters 

Local  No.  811 

A.  F.  of  L 

1900 

Marshall — 

144 — Carpenters 

“ “ 934 

U.  B.  of  C & J.  of  A. . 

1902 

Milan — 

145 — Coal  mining. . . 

“ • “ 386 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1907 

146 — Railway  engineers . . 

Div.  No.  567 

B.  of  L.  E . . . . 

1900 

147 — Railway  conductors. 

“ “ 479 

O.  R.  C 

1904 

148 — Railway  firemen. . . . 

“ “ 595 

B.  of  L.  F 

1902 

149 — Railway  trainmen . . 

“ “ 661 

B.  of  R.  T 

1903 

Minden — • 

150 — Coal  mining 

Local  No.  1870 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1900 

151 — “ “ 

“ “ 2681 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1908 

Missouri  City — 

152 — Coal  mining 

“ “ 380 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1899 

Moberly — 

153 — Barbers 

“ “ 342 

J.  B.  I.  U.  of  A 

1901 

1 54 — Bartenders 

“ “ 652 

H.  & R.  E.  & B.  I.  L.  of  A 

1903 

155 — Blacksmiths 

“ 26 

I.  B.  of  B.  & H.  . . 

1898 

156 — Boiler  makers 

“ 267 

B.  M.  & H.  I.  S.  B.  of  A 

1900 

157 — Bricklayers 

! “ “ 11 

B.  & M.  I.  U 

1898 

1 58 — Carpenters 

“ “ 1434 

U.  B.  of  C.  & J.  of  A 

1903 

159 — Cigarmakers 

“ “ 30 

C.  M.  I.  U.  of  A 

1888 

160 — Coal  mining 

“ “ 149 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1899 

161 — Machinists 

“ 57 

I.  A.  of  M 

1908 

162 — Painters 

“ 656 

B.  P.  D.  & P.  H.  of  A 

1903 

163 — Plasterers 

“ 313 

I.  O.  P.  I.  A : 

1904 

164 — Painters 

“ 473 

I.  T.  U 

1889 

165 — Railway  carmen. . . . 

Div.  No.  64 

B.  of  R.  C.  of  A 

1900 

166 — Railway  conductors 

“ 49 

O.  R.  C 

1885 

167 —  Railway  engineers.  . 

168 —  Railway  firemen. . . . 

1 “ “ 86 

B.  of  R.  E 

1867 

“ “ 54.. 

B.  of  R.  F 

1876 

169 — Railway  trainmen.  . 

“ 57 

B.  of  R.  T 

1891 

170 — Teamsters 

Local  No.  261 

T.  D.  I.  U 

1903 

Monett — 

1 7 1 — Machinists 

“ “ 529 

I.  A.  of  M 

1902 

172 — Railway  conductors 

“ “ 151 

O.  R.  C 

1890 

173 — Railway  carmen. . . . 

“ 130 

B.  of  R.  C 1 

1900 

174 — Railway  carmen.  . . . 

“ 442 

B.  of  R.  C.  . 

1908 

175 — Railway  engineers.  . 

“ “ 507 

B.  of  L.  E.  . 

1893 

176 — Railway  trainmen.  . 

! " “ 513 

B.  of  R.  T 

1893 

Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics,  1910. 


108 


TABLE  NO.  1— LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS— Continued. 


Showing  location  and  schedule  number;  trade  or  occupation;  name  and  number  of  local  organiza- 
tion; with  what  national  or  international  organization  affiliated;  year  in  which 
local  was  organized;  year  in  which  local  was  incorporated. 


Location,  schedule  No. 
and  occupation, 
1909-10. 


Napoleon — 

177 —  Coal  mining 

Nevada- — 

178 —  Railway  carmen.  . . . 

179 — “ conductors.. 

180 — “ engineers... 

181 — “ firemen 

182 — “ trainmen... 

New  Franklin — 

183 —  Railway  conductors 

184 — “ engineers.  . . 

185 — “ firemen .... 

186 — “ trainmen... 

Ninevah — 

187 —  Coal  mining 

Novinger — 

188 —  Bricklayers 

189 —  Carpenters 

190 —  Coal  mining 

191—  “ “ 

192—  “ “ 

193—  “ “ 

194 —  Teamsters 

Panama — 

195 —  Coal  mining 

Perry — 

196 —  Coal  mining 

Poplar  Bluff — 

197 —  Barbers 

198 —  Machinists 

199 —  Maintenance  of  way. 

200 —  Printers 

Renick — 

201 —  Coal  mining 

Rich  Hill- 

202 —  Carpenters 

203 —  Coal  mining 

204—  “ “ 

205 —  Laborers 

Richmond — 

206 —  Coal  mining 

Russell — 

207 —  Coal  mining 

Sedalia — 

208 —  Barbers 

209 —  Bartenders 

210 —  Blacksmiths 

211 —  Boiler  makers 

212 —  Carpenters 

213 —  Cigar  makers 

214 —  Electrical  workers.. . 

215 —  Laundry  workers.  . . 

216 —  Machinists 

2 1 7 —  Metal  workers 

218 —  Musicians 

219 —  Printers 

220 —  Railway  carmen. . . . 

221 — “ conductors.. 

222 — “ engineers... 

223—  “ 

224 — “ firemen 

225 — “ trainmen... 

226 —  Retail  clerks 

227 —  Stage  employes 

228 —  Tailors 

Slater — 

229 —  Railway  conductors . 

230 — “ engineers... 

231 — “ firemen 

232 — “ trainmen... 

Springfield — 

233 —  Bakers 

234 —  Barbers 

235 —  Bartenders 

236 —  Blacksmiths 

237 —  Boilermakers 

238 —  Brewery  workers . . . 


Name  and  number  of 
local  organization. 
1909-10. 

With  what  national  or  in- 
ternational organization 
affiliated. 

Yr.  local 
org'niz’d 

Local  No.  1472 

U.  M.  W.  of  A. . 

1899 

1907 

Div.  No.  197 

B.  of  .R  C 

“ “ 362 

O.  R.  C 

1891 

“ “ 359 

B.  of  L.  E 

1889 

“ “ 371-. 

B.  of  L.  F 

1888 

“ “ 365 

B.  of  R.  T 

1885 

“ “ 230 

O.  R.  C 

1870 

“ “ 556 

B.  of  R.  E 

1894 

“ “ 164 

B.  of  R.  F 

1894 

“ “ 542 

B.  of  R.  T 

1897 

Local  No.  1847 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1901 

“ “ 15 

B.  & M.  I.  U.  of  A 

1904 

“ “ 740 

U.  B.  of  C.  & J.  of  A 

1898 

“ “ 1226 

U.  M.  W.  of  A . . . 

1899 

“ “ 1442 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1899 

“ “ 1942 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1904 

“ “ 2205 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1902 

“ “ 360 

I.  T.  U.  of  A 

1904 

“ “ 902 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1899 

“ “ 724 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1909 

“ “ 444 

“ “ 691 

J.  B.  I.  U,  of  A 

I.  A.  of  M. 

1896 

1904 

“ “ 543 

I.  B.  of  M of  W.  E 

1907 

“ “ 635 

I.  T.  U 

1903 

“ “ 1143 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1902 

“ “ 445 

U.  B.  of  C.  & J.  of  A 

1903 

“ “ 1000 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1891 

“ “ 1224 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1898 

“ “ 11722 

A.  F.  of  L 

1905 

“ “ 298 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1899 

“ “ 2649 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1903 

“ “ 259 

J.  B.  I.  U.  of  A 

1901 

“ “ 832 

H.  & R.  E.  & B.  I.  L.  of  A 

1906 

“ “ 54 

J.  B.  I.  U 

1901 

“ 113 

I.  B.  of  B.  M.  & I.  S.  B.  & H 

1898 

“ “ 1792 

U.  B.  of  C.  & J.  of  A 

1904 

“ “ 233 

C.  M.  I.  U.  of  A 

1885 

“ “ 266 

I.  B.  of  E.  W 

1901 

“ “ 63 

A.  F.  of  L 

1909 

“ “ 71 

I.  A.  of  M 

1889 

“ “ 333 

I.  A.  of  A.  S.  M.  W 

1903 

“ “ 22 

A.  F.  of  M 

1897 

“ “ 206 

I.  T.  U 

1882 

Div.  No.  43 

B.  of  R.  C.  of  A 

1900 

“ “ 60 

O.  R.  C 

1879 

“ “ 178 

B.  of  L.  E 

1868 

517 

B.  of  L.  E 

1893 

“ 78 

B.  of  L.  F 

1869 

“ 18 

B.  of  R,  T 

1882 

Local  No.  90 

R.  C.  I.  P.  A 

1900 

“ 135 

I.  A.  T.  S.  E 

1907 

“ “ 6 

1.  T.  U.  of  A 

1907 

Div.  No.  212 

O.  R.  C 

1868 

“ “ 8 

B.  of  L.  E 

1879 

“ “ 18 

B.  of  L.  F 

1873 

“ “ 5 

B.  of  R.  T 

1876 

Local  No.  235 

B.  & C.  W.  L U.  of  A 

1905 

“ 191 

J.  B.  1.  U.  of  A 

1900 

“ “ 461 

H.  & R.  E.  & B.  I.  L.  of  A 

1902 

“ 241 

I.  B.  of  B.  & H 

1902 

“ “ 70 

B.  M.  & H.  & I.  S.  B 

1891 

1 “ “ 292 

1 U.  B.  W.  of  A 1 

1903 

Organized  Labor , Rural,  1909-10 , 


109 


TABLE  NO.  1 — LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS— Continued. 

Showing  location  and  schedule  number;  trade  or  occupation;  name  and  number  of  local  organiza. 
tion;  with  what  national  or  international  organization  affiliated;  year  in  which 
local  was  organized;  year  in  which  local  was  incorporated. 


Location,  schedule  No. 
and  occupation, 
1909-10. 

Name  and  number  of 
local  organization, 
1909-10. 

With  what  national  or  in- 
ternational organization 
affiliated. 

o k! 
r* 

B.'o 

NO 

Q.S1 

Springfield — 

239 — Bricklayers 

Local  No. 

10 

B.  & M.  I.  U 

1902 

44 

44 

86 

B.  I.  U 

1901 

24 1 — Carpenters 

“ 

<< 

978 

U.  B.  of  C.  & J.  of  A 

1907 

242 — Cigar  makers 

44 

44 

23 

C.  M.  I.  U.  of  A 

1879 

243 — Electrical  workers.. . 

“ 

335 

I.  B.  of  E.  W 

1902 

244 — Horseshoers 

4 * 

4 4 

193 

I.  J.  H.  I.  U.  of  A 

1906 

44 

203 

W.  W.  & M.  L.  U 

1906 

246 — Leather  workers.  . . . 

“ 

“ 

70 

U.  B.  of  L.  W.  on  H.  G 

1901 

247 — Machinists 

4 4 

17 

1.  A.  of  M 

1888 

248 — Machinists 

44 

44 

233 

I.  A.  of  M 

1909 

249 — Machinists 

44 

44 

363 

I.  A.  of  M. . . 

1891 

44 

44 

201 

I.  A.  of  S.  M.  W 

1907 

251 — Moulders 

• < 

296 

I.  M.  U.  of  N.  A 

1891 

44 

4 4 

150 

A.  F.  of  M 

1898 

253 — Painters 

“ 

• < 

375 

A.  F of  L 

1901 

254 — Plasterers 

44 

44 

$69 

O.  P.  J.  A 

1907 

255 — Plumbers 

44 

44 

178 

U.  A.  J.  P.  G.  & S.  F.  of  A 

1906 

256 — Printers 

<< 

158 

I.  T.  U 

1886 

257 — Printing  pressmen  . . 

“ 

“ 

203 

I.  P.  P.  <fe  A.  U.  of  A 

1905 

258 — Railway  carmen.  . . . 

Div 

. No. 

213 

B.  of  R.  C.  of  A 

1909 

259 — “ conductors.. 

44 

30 

O.  R.  C 

1882 

260 — “ conductors.. 

44 

44 

321 

O.  R,  C 

1878 

261 — “ engineers.  . . 

44 

(i 

83 

B.  of  R.  E 

1878 

262—  “ “ 

44 

44 

378 

B.  of  R.  E 

1887 

263 — “ firemen.  . . . 

44 

44 

51 

B.  of  R.  F 

1884 

264 — “ telegraphers 

44 

44 

32 

O.  R.  T 

1900 

265 — “ trainmen... 

44 

44 

167 

B.  of  R,  T 

1891 

266 — “ switchmen.. 

44 

105 

B.  of  R.  T 

1891 

267 — Retail  clerks 

Local  No. 

485 

R.  C.  I.  P.  A 

1897 

268 — Stage  employes 

“ 

137 

I.  A.  T.  S.  E 

1907 

269 — Street  Ry.  employes. 

“ 

44 

36 

A.  A.  of  S.  & E.  R.  E 

1906 

270 — Stone  cutters 

Snrineficld  Branch 

J.  S.  C.  A.  of  A 

1898 

271 — Tailors 

Local  No. 

76 

J.  T.  U.  of  A 

1902 

Stahl- 

272 — Coal  mining. . . 

4 4 

4 4 

262 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1908 

273 — “ 

44 

44 

1444 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1899 

Stanberry — 

274 — Railway  conductors 

44 

188 

O.  R.  C 

1889 

275 — “ engineers... 

44 

44 

17. 

B.  of  L.  E 

1881 

276 — “ firemen.  . . . 

44 

4 4 

526 

B.  of  L.  F 

1885 

277 — “ trainmen.  . . 

44 

44 

562 

B.  of  R.  T 

1900 

Swanwick — 

278 — Coal  mining 

4 4 

4 4 

1874 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1901 

Thayer — 

279 — Railway  carmen .... 

Div 

. No. 

207 

B.  of  R.  C 

1902 

280 — “ conductors  . 

44 

44 

358 

O.  R.  C 

1885 

281 — “ engineers.  . . 

44 

285 

B.  of  L.  E 

1884 

282 — “ firemen 

“ 

44 

280 

B.  of  R.  F 

1885 

283 — “ trainmen... 

44 

44 

203 

B.  of  R.  T 

1892 

Trenton — 

284 — Boiler  makers 

Local  No. 

346 

I.  B.  of  B M.  & I.  F.  B.  of  H.  of  A i 

1903 

285 — Coal  miners 

* * 

‘ 4 

2695 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1908 

286 — Machinists  . . . 

44 

<< 

490 

I.  A.  of  M 

1890 

287 — Railway  carmen. . . . 

44 

44 

11 

B.  of  R.  C 

1901 

288 — “ conductors.. 

4 ‘ 

4 4 

42 

O.  R.  C 

1876 

289 — “ engineers.  . . 

“ 

44 

471 

B.  of  L.  E 

1876 

290 — “ firemen.  . . . 

44 

33 

B.  of  R.  F 

1893 

291 — “ laborers.... 

44 

44 

12922 

A.  F.  of  L 

1910 

292 — “ trainmen... 

44 

44 

20 

B.  of  R.  T 

1885 

Vandalia — 

293 — Coal  mining 

44 

44 

80 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1899 

Waterloo — 

294 — Coal  mining 

4 4 

4 4 

2862 

U.  M.  W.  of  A . . 

1908 

Waverly- — 

295 — Coal  mining 

4 4 

4 4 

1089 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1899 

Webb  City — 

296 — Garment  workers.  . . 

41 

44 

52 

U.  G.  W.  of  A 

1907 

Wellington — 

297 — Coal  miners 

4 4 

4 * 

1231 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1899 

Windsor — 

298 — Coal  mining 

14 

44 

2614 

U.  M.  W.  of  A 

1904 

110 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics,  1910. 


LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS  OF  THE  STATE— Continued. 

OUTSIDE  OF  ST.  LOUIS,  KANSAS  CITY  AND  ST.  JOSEPH. 

TABLE  NO.  2. 

Showing  location  and  schedule  number;  trade  or  occupation;  membership  December  31,  1909; 
increase  and  decrease;  per  cent  of  trade  organized  locally;  number  of  hours  constituting  a day’s 
work  in  1909;  standard  wages  established  by  local  during  1909. 


Location,  schedule 
No.  and 
occupation, 
1909-10. 

oS- 

n 

CO  CD 

increase  or 

decrease 

during  year 

1909 

Cause  of  increase  or 

Per  cent  of  trade  organ- 
ized locally,  1909 

No.  of  hours  constituting 
day’s  work  in  1909.  . . . 

•Standard  wages  es- 
tablished by  local 
during  1909. 

i 

3 

it 

Cents  per  hour. . 

Dollars  per  day. . 

Dollars  per  week. 

Males 

Females 

- 

| Increase  . . . 

Decrease. . . 

decrease,  1909 
over  1908. 

Ardmore — 

244 

i: 

Less  mining 

10C 

1 8 

$.32 

Aurora — 

1C 

T 

25 

i 9 

.28 

Bevier — 

526 

8C 

100 

i 8 

.32 

Bonne  Terre — 

2C 

33$ 

8 

$2.50 

1 

21 

75 

10 

.40 

6 — “ trainmen . . 

68 

5 

Better  business 

90 

10 

.33-22 

Bowen — 

7 — Coal  mining.  . . 

140 

26 

More  mining 

100 

8 

.32 

Brookfield — 

8 — Boiler  makers . 

7 

94 

10 

.37 

9 — Bricklayers.. . . 

18 

80 

9 

.55 

10 — Coal  mining.  . . 

58 

12 

Less  mining 

100 

8 

.32 

11 — Machinists. . . . 

12 

100 

10 

.38 

12 — Ry.  conductors 

89 

100 

10 

.47 

13 — “ engineers. . 

89 

1 

98 

10 

.50 

14 — “ firemen. . . . 

100 

3 

100 

10 

.40 

1 5 — * ‘ trainmen . . 

165 

100 

10 

.32 

16 — Retail  clerks.. . 

14 

25 

50 

9 

California — 

1 7 — Ca.rpent.prs 

11 

50 

10 

.25 

Camden — 

18 — Coal  mining. 

93 

27 

More  mining 

100 

8 

.32 

19 — 44  44  ... 

43 

25 

Transfers 

100 

8 

.32 

Cape  Girardeau- — 

20 — Barbers 

17 

95 

12 

$14.00 

21 — Bartenders. 

68 

38 

More  railroading 

95 

10 

16.00 

22 — Blacksmiths. . 

10 

100 

8 

.36 

23 — Boiler  mkrs . . . 

10 

5 

Transfers. 

100 

8 

.39 

24 — “ “ hlprs 

13 

100 

8 

. 18 

25 — Cigar  makers. . 

11 

” 1 

75 

8 

.25 

26 — Machinists 

33 

95 

9 

.36 

27 — Ry.  carmen . 

40 

15 

Transfers . . 

90 

10 

.22i 

Carthage — 

28 — Stone  cutters. . 

23 

100 

8 

. 56  J 

29 — Printers 

14 

2 

90 

9 

2.00 

Chaffee — 

30 — Carpen  t.pvs 

20 

3 

75 

9 

.27} 

31 — Ry.  carmen. 

47 

95 

9 

. 20* 

32 — **  engineers . 

68 

95 

10 

.47 

33 — “ conductors. 

74 

80 

10 

.38£ 

34 — “ trainmen 

106 

90 

10 

.26 

35 — “ 

100 

95 

10 

.26 

Charleston — 

36 — Carpenters. . . . 

21 

6 

90 

9 

2.50 

Chilhowee — 

37 — Coal  mining. . 

12 

8 

100 

8 

.32 

Chillicothe — 

38— Carpenters  . 

13 

33  J 

9 

2.50 

Columbia — 

39— Bricklayers. . . . 

36 

100 

8 

.65  . 

40 — Hod  carriers. 

15  . 

100 

9 

2.00  . 

41 — Printers 

23 

3 

80 

8 

15.00 

Corder — 

42 — Coal  mining. 

130  . 

3° 

100 

8 

.32 

Deepwater — 

43 — Coal  mining.  . . 

121  . 

10  . 

1 

100 

8 

.32  !. 

Officers  and  Board  of  Directors , Kansas  City  Labor  Temple. 

Top  row:  Wm.  McCarthy,  Vice-President;  W.  H.  Maxwell,  Chairman  Board  of  Directors;  J.  H.  Strode,  J.  S.  Gardner,  Treasurer;  W.  J.  McCain. 
Bottom  row:  H.  A.  Fratcher,  Sec.  Board  of  Directors;  H.  C.  Gerry,  Karl  F.  Schweizer,  President;  Jno.  J.  Pflefer,  J.  F.  Johnson,  Sec. 


ORGANIZED  LABOR  LEADERS  OF  KANSAS  CITY. 


Organized  Labor,  Rural,  1909-10. 


\ 11 


TABLE  NO.  2 — LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS— Continued. 

Showing  lqcation  and  schedule  number;  trade  or  occupation;  membership  December  31,  1909; 
increase  and  decrease;  per  cent  of  trade  organized  locally;  number  of  hours  constituting  a day’s 
work  in  1909;  standard  wages  established  by  local  during  1909. 


Location,  schedule 
No.  and  trade  or 
occupation, 
1909-10. 

Membership 

Dec.  31, 1909 

increase  or 

decrease 
during  year 
1909 

Cause  of  increase  or 

Per  cent  of  trade  organ- 
ized locally,  1909 

No.  of  hours  constituting 
day’s  work  in  1909.  . . . 

Standard  wages  es- 
tablished by  local 
during  1909. 

Cents  per  hour. . 

Dollars  per  day. . 

Dollars  per  week. 

Males 

Females . . . 

HH 

P 

O 

CD 

P 

Ui 

CD 

Decrease.. . 

decrease,  1909 
over  1908 . 

DeSoto — 

44 — Bartenders  . . 

15 

10C 

> £ 

) 

$15.00 

45 — Blacksmiths. 

38 

8C 

) £ 

i $.40 

27 

10C 

> £ 

i .36 

47 — “ “ hlprs 

11 

. . . . 

3 

9C 

1 £ 

i .20 

40 

10C 

1 £ 

1 .36 

49 — Metal  workers 

10 

2 

9C 

l 9 

1 .36 

156 

85 

i 1C 

1 .25 

51 — “ conductors. 

60 

6 

99 

i 1C 

i pr  ml. 

$.038 

52 — “ firemen. . . 

160 

95 

1 1C 

i .30 

103 

::: 

10 

90 

i 10 

i pr.  ml. 

.03i 

Dover — 

54 — Coal  mining 

15 

2 

100 

1 8 

; .32 

Eldon — 

23 

99 

10 

.22 

56 — “ conductors. 

38 

100 

10 

.40 

57 — “ engineers.  . 

42 

98 

10 

.40 

58 — “ firemen. . . . 

44 

98 

10 

3.50 

59 — “ trainmen . 

51 

99 

10 

pr.  ml. 

$2 . 53 

Elliott — 

60 — Coal  mining. . . 

27 

2 

100 

8 

.32 

Farmington — 

61 — Tailors 

5 

10 

.25 

Flat  River — 

62 — Barbers 

25 

3 

75 

12 

12.00 

Fleming — 

63 — Coal  mining. . . 

200 

100 

8 

.32 

Graniteville — 

64 — Granite  cutters 

10 

100 

8 

.45 

65 — Paving  “ 

36 

100 

9 

.38 

Hannibal — 

66 — Bakers 

8 

90 

10 

13.00 

67 — Barbers 

35 

100 

11 

12  00 

68 — Bartenders. . . . 

58 

95 

10 

12.00 

69 — Carpenters.  . . . 

88 

90 

8 

.40 

70 — Cigarmakers. . . 

51 

75 

,8 

2.75 

71 — Electrical  wkrs 

20 

70 

9 

2.50 

72 — Machinists .... 

91 

20 

Organized  efforts . 

94 

9 

.38 

73 — Molders 

68 

98 

8* 

2.70 

74 — Painting,  paper 

hanging.  . . . 

25 

7 

Lack  of  work. . . 

75 

8 

37-^ 

75 — Printing 

17 

80 

8 

2.50 

76 — Ry.  carmen . . . 

40 

95 

10 

.22 

77 — “ conductors. 

49 

100 

10 

25.00 

78 — ‘ ‘ engineers . . 

75 

95 

10 

4 75 

79 — “ firemen.... 

105 

100 

10 

3.61 

80 — “ trainmen.  . 

153 

100 

10 

3.51 

81 — Retail  clerks . . 

35 

20 

35 

10 

82 — Stove  mounters 

12 

90 

'9 

.30 

83 — Tailors 

3 

20 

10 

16.00 

Higbee — 

84 — Coal  mining. . . 

189 

170 

Opening  of  mine 

100 

8 

.32 

Higgins  ville — 

85 — Coal  mining. . . 

328 

42 

Less  mining 

100 

8 

.32 

86 — Laborers 

21 

2 

25 

10 

.20 

Hume — 

87 — Ry.  telegraphrs 

110 

2 

40 

More  work 

90 

12 

per 

mo. 

55.00 

Huntsville — 

88 — Coal  mining. . . 

213 

193 

Opening  of  mine 

100 

8 

.32 

Jefferson  City — 

t 

89 — Barbers 

21 

100 

12 

12  00 

90 — Bartenders. . . . 

28 

10 

12.00 

91 — Bookbinders.. . 

20| 

7 



100 

8 

.33 

92 — Bricklayers. . . . 

35 

90 

8 

.65 

93 — Carpenters .... 

65! 

10 

Lack  of  work 

75 

8 

.40  , 

112 


Bureau  of  Lai) or  Statistics , 1910 . 


TABLE  NO.  2 — LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS — Continued. 

Showing  location  and  schedule  number;  trade  or  occupation;  membership  December  31,  1909 
increase  and  decrease;  per  cent  of  trade  organized  locally ;1  number  of  hours  constituting  a day’s 
work  in  1909;  standard  wages  established  by  local  during  1909. 


Location,  schedule 
No  and  trade  or 
occupation, 
1909-10. 


Membership 

Dec.  31, 1909 

Increase  or 

decrease 

during  year 

1909 

Cause  of  increase  or 
decrease,  1909 
over  1908. 

Per  cent  of  trade  organ- 
ized locally,  1909 

No.  of  hours  constituting 
day’s  work  in  1909.  . . . 

Standard  wages  es- 
tablished by  local 
during  1909. 

Cents  per  hour. . 

Dollars  per  day. . 

Dollars  per  week. 

! 

Males 

Females  . . . 

Increase.  . . 

Decrease. . . 

12 

100 

8 

$.25 

10 

80 

8 

.30 

15 

65 

9 

.35 

30 

100 

8 

$18.00 

17 

1 

100 

8 

.30 

21 

90 

10 

.25 

28 

1 

99 

10 

.38 

170 

10 

97 

10 

.25 

110 

30 

100 

10 

.27* 

6 

3 

10 

11 

8 

2 

20 

10 

.25 

32 

25 

12 

$2.00 

58 

30 

75 

10 

3.00 

20 

’ s 

75 

10 

.30 

60 

20 

(4  44 

95 

8 

3.00 

47 

4 

90 

8 

.62 

69 

15 

70 

9 

.45 

36 

50 

8 

2.00 

64 

.... 

10 

12 

.20 

45 

50 

8 

.45 

1 

32 

100 

8 

1.50 

37 

70 

8 

.30 

50 

10 

Better  organization .... 

50 

9 

. 33  J 

6 

io 

75 

8 

.45 

40 

:::: 

10 

Better  organization .... 

90 

9 

33| 

77 

7 

95 

8 

.50  -$1 

28 

45 

8 

37*. 

7 

35 

8 

.62! 

37 

1 

7 

Better  organization .... 

95 

8 

.37! 

13 

3 

100 

8 

.25 

16 

.... 

95 

9 

.20 

147' 

20 

Better  organization .... 

20 

10 

.20 

7 

100 

8 

.56 

15 

1 

40 

9 

.30 

240 

72 

Less  work  

100 

8 

.32 

380 

20 

More  work 

100 

8 

.32 

252 

.... 

i3 

Less  work 

100 

8 

.32 

7 

4 

Less  work 

100 

8 

.32 

30 

; ; ; ; 

3 

100 

8 

.32 

770 

24 

Less  mining 

100 

8 

.32 

300 

40 

100 

8 

.3,2 

100 

9 

14.00 

1 

46 

100 

8 

.35 

185 

2 

100 

8 

.32 

197 

52 

More  mining 

100 

8 

.32 

13 

100 

8 

.35 

i 42 

100 

10 

.45 

40 

66 

10 

.30 

85 

98 

10 

2.56 

29 

95 

10 

4.00 

15 

75 

J 

.30 

' 24 

100 

J 

.32 

i 31 

95 

10 

4.40 

i 23 

100 

10 

.45 

35 

95 

10 

.36 

J 31! 

98 

10 

.26  I 

Jefferson  City — 

94 —  Cigar  makers 

95 —  Hod  carriers. 

96 —  Painters .... 

97 —  Printers .... 

98 —  Pressmen . . . 

99 —  Ry.  carmen . 

100 — “ conductors 

101 — “ trainmen. 

102 — “ firemen. . . 

103 —  Retail  clerks.. 
Joplin — 

104 —  Bakers 

105 —  Barbers 

106 —  Bartenders. . . 

107 —  Boiler  makers 

108 —  Brewery  wkrs 

109 —  Bricklayers. . . 

110 —  Carpenters.  . . 

1 1 1 —  Cigar  makers . 

112 —  Engineers,  Sta 

113 —  Electrical  wkrs 

114 —  Garment  wkrs 

115 —  Hod  carriers.. 

116 —  Machinists . . . 

117 —  Metal  workers 

118—  Molders 

119 —  Musicians.  . . . 

120 —  Painters 

121 —  Plasterers. . . . 

122 —  Printers 

123 —  Pressmen. . . . 

124 —  Ry.  carmen . . 

125 —  Smelter  men . 

126 —  Stone  cutters. 

127 —  Tailors 

Keota — 

128 —  Coal  mining. . 

129—  “ “ 

130—  “ “ . .. 

Kirksville — 

131 —  Coal  mining. . 

132—  “ “ 

Lexington — 

133 —  Coal  mining.*. 

134—  “ “ . . 

Macon — 

135 —  Bartenders. . . 
Marceline — 

136 —  Carpenters. . . 

137 —  Coal  mining.  . 

138 —  Coal  mining.  . 

139 —  Painters 


141 — “ firemen.. . 

142 — “ trainmen. 

143 —  Teamsters.  . . 
Marshall — 

144 —  Carpenters.  . . 
Milan — 

145 —  Coal  mining. . 

146 — “ engineers. 

147 — “ conductors 

148 — “ firemen  . . 

149 — “ trainmen. 


Organized  Labor , Rural,  1909-10. 


113 


TABLE  NO.  2 — LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS  —Continued. 


Showing  location  and  schedule  number;  trade  or  occupation;  membership  December  31,  1909; 
increase  and  decrease;  per  cent  of  trade  organized  locally;  number  of  hours  constituting  a day’s 
work  in  1909;  standard  wages  established  by  local  during  1909. 


Location,  schedule 
No.  and  trade  or 
occupation, 
1909-10. 


JnT 

3 

cr 

>o 

Increase  or 

decrease 

during  year 

1909 

Cause  of  increase  or 
decrease,  1909 
over  1908. 

Per  cent  of  trade  organ- 
ized locally,  1909 

No.  of  hours  constituting 
day’s  work  in  1909. . . . 

Standard  wages  es- 
tablished by  local 
during  1909. 

CO 

!§ 

Cents  per  hour. . 

Dollars  per  day. 

Dollars  per  week. 

Females . . . 

Increase. . . 

Decrease. . . 

100 

9 

.40 

.... 

100 

9 

.40 

2 

100 

8 

.32 

.... 

100 

13 

$12  00 

100 

10 

15.00 

75 

9 

.32 

90 

9 

.34* 

95 

8 

.62* 

100 

8 

.40 

3 

70 

8 

$2.50 

20 

Transfers . . 

100 

8 

.32 

98 

10 

.33 

10 

More  railroading  . . 

85 

8 

.35 

4 

90 

8 

. 62* 

.... 

100 

8 

3.00 

20 

9 

.20 

13 

More  railroading 

90 

10 

3.80 

9 

95 

10 

5.00 

i . . . . 

10 

««  a 

98 

10 

3.00 

99 

10 

100 

10 

.50 

100 

9 

.39 

4 

More  railroading 

90 

10 

per 

mile 

.03* 

90 

10 

.20 

15 

More  railroading 

100 

10 

.23* 

6 

100 

10 

.45 

i . . . . 

85 

10 

.35 

2 

100 

8 

.32 

66 

9 

.22* 

75 

10 

per 

mile 

.038 

100 

10 

.46 

i . . . . 

99 

10 

.30 

10 

More  railroading 

100 

10 

.37* 

i . . . . 

100 

10 

per 

mile 

038 

100 

10 

.045 

i . . . . 

90 

10 

.30 

i . . . . 

100 

10 

.37 

9 

100 

8 

.32 

96 

9 

.55 

100 

8 

.37* 

126 

Less  mining 

100 

8 

.32 

f 

24 

100 

8 

.32 

46 

More  mining 

100 

8 

.32 

f 

39 

Less  mining  . . . 

100 

9 

.20 

100 

9 

.20 

) 

100 

8 

.28 

> 

100 

8 

.32 

) 

100 

13 

12.50 

5 

9 

Transfers 

85 

9 

.32 

i 

10 

Transfers . , 

10 

10 

.12* 

L 

2 

ion 

9 

15.00 

r 

100  8 

.32 

Minden — 

150 —  Coal  mining. . . 

151—  “ “ ... 

Missouri  City — 

152 —  Coal  mining. . . 
Moberly — 

153 —  Barbers 

154 —  Bartenders. . . . 

155 —  Blacksmiths. . . 

156 —  Boilermakers. . 

157 —  Bricklayers.. . . 

158 —  Carpenters. . . . 

159 —  Cigar  makers. . 

160 —  Coal  mining. . . 

161 —  Machinists. . . . 

162 —  Painters 

163 —  Plasterers 

164 —  Printers 

165 —  Ry.  carmen. . . 

166 — “ conductors. 

167 — “ engineers. . 

168 — “ firemen.. . . 

169 — “ trainmen. . 

170 —  Teamsters 

Monett — 

171 —  Machinists .... 

172 —  Ry.  conductors 

173 — “ carmen 

174—  “ 

175 — “ engineers.. 

176 — “ trainmen . . 
Napoleon — 

177 —  Coal  mining. . . 
Nevada — 

178 —  Ry.  carmen. . . 

179 — “ conductors. 

180 — “ engineers. . 

181 — “ firemen.. . . 

182 — “ trainmen. . 
New  Franklin — 

183 —  Ry.  conductors 

184 — “ engineers. 

185 — “ firemen.. . 

186 — " trainmen. 
Ninevah — 

187 —  Coal  mining. . 
Novinger — 

188 —  Bricklayers . . 

189 —  Carpenters. . . 

190 —  Coal  mining. . 

191—  “ “ . . 

192—  “ “ . . 

193—  “ “ . . 

194 —  Teamsters.. . . 
Panama — 

195 —  Coal  mining. . 
Perry — 

196 —  Coal  mining. . 
Poplar  Bluff — 

197—  Barbers 

198 —  Machinists . . . 

199 —  Maintenance  of 

way 

200 —  Printers 

Renick — • 

201 —  Coal  mining. . 

O L — 8 


125 


24 


234 


114 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


TABLE  NO.  2— LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS— Continued. 

Showing  location  and  schedule  number;  trade  or  occupation;  membership  December  31,  1909. 
increase  and  decrease;  per  cent  of  trade  organized  locally;  number  of  hours  constituting  a day’s 
work  in  1909;  standard  wages  established  by  local  during  1909. 


Membership 

Increase  or 

d ecrease 

during  year 

1909 

Cause  of  increase  or 
decrease,  1909 
over  1908. 

Females . . . 

Increase . . . 

Decrease. . . 

2 

138 

19 

35 

More  railroading 

9 

90 

Transfers 

1 

10 

Transfers 

4 

2 

Transfers 

1 

3 

i 

1 

4 

1 

25 

20 

Natural  increase 

1 . . 

4 

— 

2 

. . . . 

10 

Natural  increase 

J 

j 

; ; ; ; 

4 

Natural  increase 

>r 

4 

13 

2 

Natural  increase 

' 2 

8 

Natural  increase 

Location,  schedule 
No.  and  trade  or 
occupation, 
1909-10. 


Rich  Hill- 

202 —  Carpenters. . . . 

203 —  Coal  mining. . . 

204— 

205 —  Laborers. ..... 

Richmond — 

206 —  Coal  mining.  . . 
Russell — 

207 —  Coal  mining.  . . 
Sedalia — 

208 —  Barbers 

209 —  Bartenders. . . . 

210 —  Blacksmiths. . . 

2 1 1 —  Boiler  makers. . 

212 —  Carpenters.  . . . 

213 —  Cigar  makers.  . 

214 —  Electrical  wkrs 

215 —  Laundry  wkrs  . 

216 —  Machinists .... 

217 —  Metal  workers . 

218 —  Musicians 

219 —  Printers 

220 —  Ry.  carmen. . . 


221- 
222 — 

223— 

224— 

225— 


conductors 
engineers. . 


firemen . . . 
trainmen.  . 

226 —  Retail  clerks . . 

227 —  Stage  employes 

228 —  Tailors 

Slater — 

229 —  Ry.  conductors 

230 — “ engineers. 

231 — “ firemen... 

232 — “ trainmen. 
Springfield — 

233 —  Bakers 

234 —  Barbers 

235 —  Bartenders. . . 

236 —  Blacksmiths. . 

237 —  Boilermakers . 

238 —  Brewery  wrkrs 

239 —  Bricklayers. 

240 —  Broom  makers 

241 —  Carpenters. . 

242 —  Cigar  makers 

243 —  Electrical  wkrs 

244 —  Horseshoers  . 

245 —  Lathers 

246 —  Leather  wkrs. 

247 —  Machinists.  . . 

248 —  Machinists . . . 

249 —  Machinists.  . . 

250 —  Metal  workers 

251 —  Moulders.  . . . 

252 —  Musicians. . . . 

253 —  Painters 

254 —  Plasterers. . . . 

255 —  Plumbers .... 

256 —  Printers 

257 —  Printing  prsmn[ 

258 —  Ry.  carmen 

259 — “ conductors. 

260—  “ 

261 — “ engineers. . 


5* 

ao 

o 

Po 


75 

100 

100 

35 

100 

100 

95 

100 

100 

100 

10 

100 

100 

35 

100 

100 

75 

90 

40 

98 

99 
98 
90 
98 
25 

100 

100 

90 

100 

65 

97 

90 

70 

100 

75 

100 

100 

95 

90 

75 

100 

100 


50 

85 

99 

100 

100 

75 

50 

90 

95 

75 

98 
90 
90 

100 

95 

99 
95 


a? 


So 
o e 


Po 


Standard  wages  es- 
tablished by  local 
during  1909. 


9 

.30 

8 

.32 

8 

.32 

9 

.25 

8 

.32 

8 

.32 

12 

$15.00 

10 

.30 

10 

.38 

10 

.36 

10 

.30 

8 

$2 . 50 

9 

2.60 

10 

. 10 

9 

.36 

9 

.271 

9 

4.00 

8 

3.00 

10 

.28 

10 

10 

per 
. 45 

mon. 

150.00 

10 

4.80 

10 

4.00 

10 

.37 

11 

2.00 

6 

18.00 

10 

18.00 

10 

.38 

10 

.40 

10 

.29 

10 

.28 

10 

13.00 

13 

12.00 

10 

18.00 

8 

9 

.271 

.36 

9 

2.30 

8 

.621 

27 

8 

9 

. 33  J 
.35 

8 

8 

371 

.25 

.441 

.25 

.36 

10 

8 

10 

9 

9 

.36 

9 

.36 

9 

.311 

.331 

9 

10 

.29 

8 

8 

8 

8 

9 

.561 

.471 

.46 

16.00 

.30 

10 

10 

10 

.37.9 

.37.9 

.45 

Organized  Labor,  Rural,  1909-10. 


115 


TABLE  NO.  2 — LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS — Continued. 


Showing  location  and  schedule  number ; trade  or  occupation ; membership  Decem- 
ber 31,  1909;  increase  and  decrease;  per  cent  of  trade  organized  locally;  number  of 
hours  constituting  a day’s  work  in  1909;  standard  wages  .established  by  local  during 
1909. 


{Location, 
schedule  No. 

Increase  or 

decrease 

during  year 

1909 

Membership 

Dec.  31,  1909 

Cause  of  increase  or 

and  trade  or 
occupation. 
1909-10. 

Males 

Females  . . . 

P 

o 

CD 

P 
c n 

CD 

O 

<n 

o 

3 

p 

w 

CD 

decrease,  1900 
over  1908. 

Springfield — 

262—  “ 

263 — “ firemen  . . . 

264 — “ telegraphrs 
Springfield — 

265 —  Ry.  trainmen.. 

47 

96 

10 

Natural  increase  

800 

168 

519 

5 

6. . 

Better  organization .... 

18 

10 

267 —  Retail  clerks.. . 

268 —  State  employes 

40 

23 

269 —  Street  Ry.  emp 

270 —  Stone  cutters. . 

58 

14 

2 

271 — Tailors 

20 

io 

Stahl — 

272 —  Coal  mining. . . 

273 — “ 

79 

41 

8 

3 

Stanberry — 

274 —  lly.  conductors 

275 — “ engineers.  . 

276 — “ firemen. . . . 

21 

32 

2 

29 

277 — “ trainmen.. 

38 

2 

Swanwick — 

278 —  Coal  mining.  . . 
Thayer — 

279 —  Ry.  carmen . . . 

280 — “ conductors. 

281 — “ engineers.. 

282 — “ firemen.... 

36 

7 

8 

38 

28 

67 

283 — “ trainmen  . . 

102 

Trenton — 

284 — Boiler  makers. . 

32 

13 

285 — Coal  miners  . . . 

45 

286 — Machinists .... 

36 

5 

287 —  Ry.  carmen . . . 

288 — “ conductors. 

33 

79 

96 

289 — “ engineers. . 

290 — “ firemen 

291" — “ laborers. . . 

85 

5 

25 

292 — “ trainmen . . 
Vandalia — 

293 —  Coal  mining. . . 
Waterloo — 

294 —  Coal  mining.  . . 
Waverly — 

295 —  Coal  mining.  . . 
Webb  City — 

296 —  Garment  wrkrs 

83 

7 

8 

12 

26 

24 

70 

32 

37 

Wellington — 

297 —  Coal  mining...  . 
Windsor — 

298 —  Cdal  mining. . . 

124 

119 

11 

Per  cent  of  trade  organ- 
ized locally,  1909 

No.  of  hours  constituting 
day’s  work  in  1909.. . . 

Standard  wages  es- 
tablished by  local 
during  1909. 

Cents  per  hour . . 

Dollars  per  day. . 

| Dollars  per  week 

100 

10 

.45 

85 

10 

$2.50 

97 

12 

per 

mon. 

55  . . 

96 

10 

- 

2.75 

100 

10 

.36 

25 

10 

100 

8 

.27* 

100 

10 

.18 

100 

8 

90 

8 

2.00 

100 

8 

.32 

100 

8 

.32 

100 

10 

4.35 

95 

10 

4.00 

100 

10 

3.00 

100 

10 

3.00 

i 

100 

8 

.32 

100 

10 

.20 

90 

10 

5.45 

90 

10 

.47 

75 

10 

.40 

90 

10 

.31 

100 

9 

.39 

100 

8 

.32 

100 

8 

.27* 

96 

9 

.21 

98 

10 

per 

mon. 

$1.50 

100 

10 

135.00 

85 

10 

“ 

“ 

90.00 

50 

10 

90 

10 

.25 

100 

8 

.32 

100 

8 

.32 

100 

8 

.32 

90 

9 

6.00 

100 

8 

.32 

100 

8 

.32 

116 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS  OF  THE  STATE— Continued. 

OUTSIDE  OF  ST.  LOUIS,  KANSAS  CITY  AND  ST.  JOSEPH. 

TABLE  NO.  3. 

**Table  No.  3 — Wages  of  1909  compared  with  wages  of  1908;  increase  or  decrease  per  hour, 
day,  week,  month,  ton,  mile  and  for  piece  work,  if  any. 


Location  and 
schedule  No. 
1909-10. 

** 


Bonne  Terre — 

4 — Machinsts 
Cape  Girardeau — 

21 —  Bartndrs. 

22 —  Blksmths 

Chillicothe 

38 —  Carpntrs  . 
Columbia — 

39 —  Brklyers  . 

40 —  Hod  ers . . 
DeSoto — 

49 — Metal  wks 
Jefferson  City 
91 — Bookbdrs. 
96 — Painters. . 


j During  the  year  1909, 
as  compared  with  1908, 
i have  wages  increased, 
as  per  table — ** 

Amount  per  hour  ini 
cents 

Amount  per  day— 
dollars 

Amount  per  week — 
dollars 

Amount  per  month — 
dollars 

.02 

$.20 

.03 

$1.50 

.02* 

.02 

.03 

.01* 

.05 

1 

Location  and 
schedule  No. 
1909-10. 


During  the  year  1909, 
as  compared  with  1908, 
have  wages  increased, 
as  per  table — ** 


i 3 

w a 


Joplin — 

106 —  Bartndrs 

107 —  Boilermks 

108 —  Brew  wks. 
115 — Hod  ers  . . 
123 — Pressmen 

Monett — 

176— Trainmen 
Poplar  Bluff — ■ 

200 — Printers. . 
Slater — 

231 — Ry.  firmn. 
Springfield — 

259 — Ry.  cond . 


,02* 


.01* 

.02 

.03 


.02* 

.03 


aa 


.50 

'.ho 


> 

0-3 

£o 

pC 

5 3 


$1.50 


O 


**For  the  tables  in  which  the  cities,  towns  and  schedule  numbers  are  missing,  the  unions  re- 
porting either  had  no  information  along  that  line  to  report,  or  the  secretaries  did  not  answer  all 
questions  put  to  them  by  the  Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics  schedule.  In  most  cases  there  was  nothing 
new,  nor  no  changes  to  report.  In  table  1 all  labor  organizations  which  reported  are  given  in  the 
alphabetical  order  of  the  city  or  town  in  which  they  are  located. 


MISSOURI’S  LABOR  COMMISSIONERS, 

FROM  1879  TO  1911. 

The  Department  was  organized  in  1879.— W.  H.  Hilkene,  1880-1882,  service  2 years; 
H.  J.  Spaunhorst,  1882-1883,  service  1 year ; H.  A.  Newman,  1883-1885,  service  2 years ; 
Oscar  Kochtitzky,  1885-1889,  service  4 years;  Lee  Meriwether,  1889-1891,  service  2 years; 
Willard  O.  Hall,  1891-1893,  service  2 years;  Henry  Blackmore,  1893-1895,  service  2 years; 
Lee  Meriwether,  1895-1897,  service  2 years;  Arthur  Rozelle,  1897-1899,  service  2 years; 
Thomas  P.  Rixey,  1899-1901,  service  2 years;  Wm.  Anderson,  1901-1907,  service  6 years; 
J.  C.  A.  Hiller,  1907-1911,  service  4 years. 


Organized  Labor , Rural , 1909-10. 


117 


LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS  OF  THE  STATE— Continued. 

OUTSIDE  OF  ST.  LOUIS,  KANSAS  CITY  AND  ST.  JOSEPH. 

TABLE  NO.  4. 

Showing  location  and  schedule  number;  trade  or  occupation;  average  number  of  days  em- 
ployed in  1909;  organizations  reporting  more  or  less  work  in  1909;  as  compared  with  1908;  regular 
hours  per  day,  except  Saturday;  hours  worked  Saturday;  per  cent  of  members  unemployed;  and 
cause  of  non-employment  in  1909. 


Location  and 
schedule  No. 
1909-10. 

Average  number  of  days 

employed  during  1909. . . 

Organizations  reporting 

more  or  less  work  in  1908, 

as  compared  with  1909. . 

Regular  No.  of  hours  per 

day  except  Saturday,  1909 

No.  of  hours  worked  Sat- 
urday  

Per  cent  of  members  unem- 
ployed in  1909  for  quar- 
ter ending 

March  31 

June  30 

September  30 . . . 

December  31. . . . 

Ardmore — 

1 — Coal  mining . . . 

Same 

8 

8 

Aurora — 

2 — Carpenters . . . . 

Less. . 

9 

9 

Bevier — 

3 — Coal  mining . . . 

More . 

8 

8 

Bonne  Terre — 

g 

8 

33J 

33* 

33J 

33i 

5 — Ry.  engineers. . 

300 

More . 

10 

10 

6 — “ trainmen..  . 

10 

10 

Bowen — 

7 — Coal  mining . . . 

8 

8 

Brookfield — 

8 — Boiler  makers. . 

260 

Less. . 

10 

9 

9 — Bricklayers. . . . 

260 

9 

9 

90 

10 — Coal  mining . . . 

More. 

8 

8 

1 1 — Machinists 

10 

9 

12 — Ry.  conductors 

365 

“ 

10 

10 

13 — “ engineers.. 

365 

** 

10 

10 

14 — “ firemen.  . . . 

365 

Less. . 

10 

10 

15 — “ trainmen.. . 

365 

10 

10 

16 — Retail  clerks. . . 

312 

Same 

9 

14 

California — 

17 — Carpenters .... 

120 

“ 

10 

10 

Camden — 

18 — Coal  mining . . . 

8 

8 

19 — “ “ ... 

8 

8 

Cape  Girardeau — 

20 — Barbers 

313 

Same 

12 

15 

21 — Bartenders .... 

300 

More . 

10 

10 

10 

10 

10 

10 

22 — Blacksmiths . . . 

225 

Less. . 

8 

8 

23 — Boiler  makers. . 

50 

8 

8 

10 

15 

15 

10 

24 — “ “ hlprs.. 

250 

“ 

8 

8 

2 

7 

3 

2 

25 — Cigar  makers . . 

300 

8 

4 

26 — Machinists 

300 

9 

9 

27 — Ry.  carmen.. . . 

140 

“ 

10 

9 

20 

40 

10 

10 

Carthage — 

28 — Stone  cutters. . 

8 

8 

29 — Printers 

313 

9 

8 

Chaffee — 

30 — Carpenters .... 

290 

More. 

9 

9 

20 

10 

31 — Ry.  carmen..  . . 

270 

Less. . 

9 

9 

50 

25 

25 

10 

32 — “ engineers... 

300 

Same 

10 

10 

33 — “ conductors. 

300 

10 

'10 

34 — “ trainmen..  . 

310 

“ 

10 

10 

10 

10 

5 

2 

35—  “ 

310 

“ 

10 

10 

Charleston — 

36 — Carpenters .... 

200 

Same. 

9 

9 

75 

10 

10 

50 

Chilhowee — 

37 — Coal  mining . . . 

8 

8 

Chillicothe — 

38 — Carpenters .... 

210 

More . 

* 9 

9 

Columbia — 

39 — Bricklayers. . . . 

8 

8 

40 — Hod  carriers.  . . 

210 

9 

9 

20 

10 

10 

41 — Printers 

312 

Less. . 

8 

8 

Corder — 

42 — Coal  mining . . . 

8 1 

8 

Specific  cause  of  non- 
employment, 
1909. 


Dullness. 


Dullness. 


Dullness. 


118 


■Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


TABLE  NO.  4— LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS— Continued. 

Showing  location  and  schedule  number;  trade  or  occupation;  average  number  of  days  em- 
ployed in  1909;  organizations  reporting  more  or  less  work  in  1909,  as  compared  with  1908;  regular 
hours  per  day,  except  Saturday;  hours  worked  Saturday;  per  cent  of  members  unemployed;  and 
cause  of  non-employment  in  1909. 


Location  and 
schedule  No. 
1909-10. 


o.g 


p3S 

co  3 an? 
O <5  5. 

a o n 

■gSg. 

& w o' 
n>  w a 

COh-2 

O 50  <r*- 

oo; 


_ 5d 
X QTQ 
Q c 


p o 

a rr 

ag 

& s 

V!  w 
' ' X3 
o-1 


nf 

vj 

• a* 

• o 


Per  cent  of  members  unem- 
ployed in  1909  for  quar- 
ter ending 


Deepwater — 

43 — Coal  mining . . . 

8 

DeSoto — 

44 — Bartenders .... 

315 

Same 

9 

45 — Blacksmiths.  . . 

200 

“ 

8 

46— Boiler  makers. . 

312 

il 

8 

47 — “ “ hlprs 

300 

44 

8 

48 — Machinists .... 

250 

More. 

8 

49 — Metal  workers.. 

310 

8 

50 — Ry.  carmen.. . . 

312 

10 

51 — “ conductors. 

365 

Same 

10 

52 — “ firemen. . . . 

365 

44 

10 

53 — “ trainmen..  . 

365 

“ 

10 

Dover — 

8 

Eldon — 

Same 

10 

56 — “ conductors. 

270 

More . 

10 

57 — “ engineers... 

270 

Same 

10 

58 — “ firemen.  . . . 

200 

Less. . 

10 

59 — “ trainmen 

44 

10 

Elliott — 

60 — Coal  mining . . . 

More . 

8 

Farmington — 

61 — Tailors 

Flat  River — 

62-r— Barbers 

Same 

12 

Fleming — 

63 — Coal  mining . . . 

More . 

8 

Graniteville — 

64 — Granite  cutters. 

Less. . 

8 

65 — Paving  cutters. 

* 4 

9 

Hannibal — 

66 — Bakers 

312 

Same 

10 

67 — Barbers 

11 

68 — Bartenders .... 

312 

Same 

10 

69 — Carpenters .... 

8 

70 — Cigar  makers  . . 

8 

71 — Electrical  wkrs. 

300 

Same 

9 

72 — Machinists .... 

306 

More . 

9 

73 — Molders 

204 

“ 

8* 

74 — Painting  pr  hng 

200 

44 

8 

75 — Printing 

290 

“ 

8 

76 — Ry.  carmen.. . . 

365 

44 

10 

77 — “ conductors. 

365 

Same 

10 

78 — “ engineers... 

300 

44 

10 

79 — “ firemen.  . . . 

365 

44 

10 

80 — “ trainmen..  . 

365 

44 

10 

81 — Retail  clerks. . . 

310 

44 

10 

82 — Stove  mounters 

9 

83 — Tailors 

260 

10 

Higbee — 

84 — Cna.l  mining 

More 

8 

Higginsville — 

85 — Coal  mining . . . 

* ‘ 

8 

86 — Laborers 

10 

Hume — 

87 — Ry.  telegraphrs 

1 365 

» More. 

12 

Huntsville — 

88 — Coal  mining.  . . 

Same 

8 

Jefferson  City — 

89 — Barbers 

312 

12 

90 — Bartenders 

3 1 a 

10 

91 — Bookbinders. . . 

310,  More. 

8 

92 — Bricklayers. . . . 

20C 

1 Same 

8 

93 — Carpenters . . . . 

1 “ 

1 8 

60 


March  31 

June  30 

September  30 . . . 

, 

December  31. . . . 

10 

20 

30 

30 

10 

5 

5 

L 

50 

50 

10 

10 

10 

10 

25 

50 

75 

50 

Specific  cause  of  non- 
employment, 
1909. 


Bad  weather. 


Lack  of  work. 


Organized  Labor,  Rural,  1909-10. 


119 


TABLE  NO.  4— LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS— Continued. 

Showing  location  and  schedule  number;  trade  or  occupation;  average  number  of  days  em- 
ployed in  1909;  organizations  reporting  more  or  less  work  in  1909,  as  compared  with  1908;  regular 
hours  per  day,  except  Saturday;  hours  worked  Saturday;  per  cent  of  members  unemployed;  and 
cause  of  non-employment  in  1909. 


Location  and 
schedule  No. 
1909-10. 

Average  No.  of  days  em- 

ployed during  1909 

Organizations  reporting 

more  or  less  work  in  1908, 

as  compared  with  1909. . 

Regular  No.  of  hours  per 

day  except  Saturday,  1909 

No.  of  hours  worked  Sat- 

urday   

Per  cent  of  members 
ployed  in  1909  for 
ter  ending 

unem- 

quar- 

Specific  cause  of  non- 
employment, 
1909. 

March  31 

June  30 

September  30 . . . 

| December  31. . . . 

Jefferson  City — 

94 — Cigar  makers . . 

8 

8 

95 — Hod  carriers. . . 

More . 

8 

8 

10 

20 

96 — Painters 

200 

9 

9 

10 

97 — Printers 

300 

Same 

8 

8 

98 — Pressmen 

310 

8 

8 

99 — Ry.  carmen.. . . 

310 

10 

10 

100 — “ conductors. 

44 

10 

10 

101 — “ trainmen..  . 

311 

“ 

10 

10 

3 

3 

3 

10 

Lack  of  work. 

102 — “ firemen. . . . 

260 

More. 

10 

10 

103 — Retail  clerks. . . 

10 

14 

Joplin — 

104 — Bakers 

313 

Less. . 

10 

10 

105 — Barbers 

300 

Same 

12 

16 

10 

10 

10 

10 

General  dullness. 

106 — Bartenders. . . . 

312 

More . 

10 

9 

107 — Boiler  makers. . 

312 

Less. . 

10 

10 

108 — Brewery  wkrs. . 

313 

8 

8 

60 

40 

40 

60 

“ “ 

109 — Bricklayers. . . . 

1 10 — Carpenters .... 

220 

Same 

8 

8 

20 

60 

75 

40 

**  <■ 

1 1 1 — Cigar  makers . . 

Less. . 

8 

6 

10 

10 

10 

10 

“ < ‘ 

112 — Engineers,  Sta. 

313 

12 

12 

113 — Electrical  wkrs 

313 

Same 

8 

8 

114 — Garment  wkrs. 

175 

Less. . 

8 

4 

60 

30 

60 

10 

44  44 

115 — Hod  carriers. . . 

213 

“ 

8 

8 

50 

30 

20 

10 

4 4 4 4 

116 — Machinists.  . . . 

310 

“ 

9 

9 

117 — Metal  workers  . 

275 

“ 

8 

8 

10 

5 

10 

50 

4 4 4 4 

118 — Molders 

More . 

9 

9 

119 — Musicians 

150 

Same 

120 — Painters 

168 

8 

8 

121 — Plasterers 

Less. . 

8 

8 

122 — Printers 

300 

Same 

8 

8 

123 — Pressmen 

313 

8 

8 

124 — Ry.  carmen..  . . 

312 

“ 

9 

9 

125 — Smelter  men. . . 

313 

“ 

10 

10 

126 — Stone  cutters . . 

113 

More . 

8 

8 

127— Tailors 

200 

“ 

9 

9 

Keota — 

128 — Coal  mining . . . 

Same 

8 

8 

129—  “ 

More . 

8 

8 

130—  “ 

8 

8 

Kirksville — 

131 — Coal  mining.  . . 

“ 

8 

8 

132—  “ 

“ 

8 

8 

Lexington — 

133 — Coal  mining . . . 

“ 

8 

8 

134—  “ 

“ 

8 

8 

Macon — 

135 — Bartenders .... 

312 

Same 

9 

9 

Marceline — 

136 — Carpenters .... 

“ 

8 

8 

137 — Coal  mining.  . . 

More . 

8 

8 

138—  “ 

8 

8 

139 — Painters 

160 

• < 

8 

8 

10 

10 

140 — Ry.  conductors 

365 

Same 

10 

10 

141 — “ firemen. . . . 

300 

10 

10 

142 — " trainmen..  . 

365 

Less. . 

10 

10 

143 — Teamsters 

312 

Same 

10 

10 

Marshall — 

144 — Carpenters .... 

270 

“ 

10 

10 

Milan — 

145 — Coal  mining.  . . 

More. 

8 

8 

146 — Ry.  engineers. . 

10 

10 

147 — “ conductors. 

365 

“ 

10 

10 

148 — “ firemen.  . . . 

365 

Same 

10 

10 

149 — “ trainmen..  . 

360 

10 

10 

120 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics,  1910. 


TABLE  NO.  4— LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS— Continued. 

Showing  location  and  schedule  number ; trade  or  occupation ; average  number  of 
days  employed  in  1909;  organizations  reporting  more  or  less  work  in  1909,  as  com- 
pared with  1908;  regular  hours  per  day,  except  Saturday;  hours  worked  Saturday; 
per  cent  of  members  unemployed;  and  cause  of  non-employment  in  1909. 


Location  and 
schedule  No. 
1909-10. 

Average  No.  of  days  em- 

ployed during  1909.  . . . 

Organizations  reporting 

more  or  less  work  in  1909, 

as  compared  with  1908. . 

Regular  No.  of  hours  per 

day  except  Saturday,  1909 

No.  of  hours  worked  Sat- 

urday  

Per  ce 
ploye 

g 

o 

d" 

“ 

: 

•: 

1 : 

nt  of  m 
:d  in  19 
ter  ei 

e-i 

C 

P 

a 

CO 

o 

embers 
09  for 
iding 

U1 

CD 

« 

CD 

3 

cr 

CD 

CO 

O 

1 i 

g ^ December  31. . . . 

d 3 

3 O’ 

Specific  cause  of  non- 
employment, 
1909. 

Minden — 

[ 

150 — Coal  mining . . . 

280 

More . 

9 

5 

151 — “ 

300 

9 

5 

Missouri  City — 

152 — Coal  mining.  . . 

44 

8 

8 

Moberly — 

153 — Barbers 

313 

Same 

13 

16 

154 — Bartenders. . . . 

10 

10 

155 — Blacksmiths.  . . 

9 

5 

156 — Boilermakers.  . 

260 

Less. . 

9 

9 

157— Bricklayers. . . . 

8 

8 

158 — Carpenters.  . . . 

208 

Same 

8 

8 

30 

25 

3 

3 

159 — Cigarmakers. . . 

44 

8 

8 

3 

2 

160 — Coal  mining . . . 

8 

8 

161 — Machinists .... 

200 

Less. . 

10 

5 

36 

25 

10 

10 

162 — Painters 

260 

44 

8 

8 

75 

75 

163 — Plasterers 

275 

More. 

8 

8 

20 

10 

10 

164 — Painters 

Same 

8 

8 

165 — Ry.  carmen.. . . 

9 

9 

166 — “ conductors 

More. 

10 

10 

167 — “ engineers... 

10 

10 

168 — “ firemen  .. 

<< 

10 

10 

169 — “ trainmen.. . 

Same 

10 

10 

170 — Teamsters 

10 

10 

Monett — 

171 — Machinists.  . . . 

200 

“ 

9 

9 

172 — Ry.  conductors 

365 

“ 

10 

10 

173 — “ carmen. . . . 

365 

“ 

10 

9 

10 

15 

20 

10 

174 — “ 

310 

“ 

10 

9 

175 — “ engineers... 

365 

More. 

10 

10 

176 — “ trainmen..  . 

312 

10 

10 

Napoleon — 

177 — Coal  mining 

More. 

8 

8 

Nevada — 

178 — Ry.  carmen.. . . 

200 

Less. . 

9 

9 

179 — “ conductors. 

314 

Same 

10 

10 

180 — “ engineers... 

280 

More . 

10 

10 

181 — “ firemen. . . . 

360 

Less. . 

10 

10 

182 — “ trainmen.. . 

300 

10 

10 

New  Franklin — 

183 — Ry.  conductors 

365 

More. 

10 

10 

184 — “ engineers... 

365 

10 

10 

185 — “ firemen.  . . . 

365 

Same 

10 

10 

186 — “ trainmen.. . 

365 

10 

10 

Ninevah — 

187 — Coal  mining 

More. 

8 

8 

Novinger — 

188 — Bricklayers. . . . 

245 

Same 

9 

9 

189 — Carpenters.  . . . 

8 

8 

190 — Coal  mining.  . 

More. 

8 

8 

191—  “ 

8 

8 

192 — “ “ 

»* 

8 

8 

193 — “ “ 

44 

8 

8 

194 — Teamsters. . . 

310 

Less. . 

9 

9 

Panama — 

195 — Coal  mining 

8 

8 

Perry — 

196 — Coal  mining . . 

More. 

8 

8 

Poplar  Bluff — 

197 — Barbers 

13 

18 

198 — Machinists .... 

192 

More . 

9 

8 

199 — Maintenance  of | 

way 

10 

10 



200 — Printers 

312 



More . > 

8 1 

8 

1 

Organized  Labor,  Rural,  1909-10, 


121 


TABLE  NO.  4— LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS— Continued. 

Showing  location  and  schedule  number;  trade  or  occupation,  1910;  average  number  of  days 
employed  in  1909;  organizations  reporting  more  or  less  work  in  1909;  as  compared  with  1908;  regular 
hours  per  day,  except  Saturday;  hours  worked  Saturday;  per  cent  of  members  unemployed;  and 
cause  of  non-employment  in  1909. 


Location,  schedule 
No.  and  occupation, 
1909-10. 

Average  No.  of  days  em- 

ployed during  1909 

Organizations  reporting 

more  or  less  work  in  1909, 

as  compared  with  1908. . 

Regular  No.  of  hours  per 

day  except  Saturday,  1909 

No.  of  hours  worked  Sat- 

urday 1909  

Per  cei 
ploye 

9 

o 

tx 

03 

nt  of  n 
:d  in  19 
ter  e 

CM 

e 

p 

CD 

CO 

O 

^5^  September  30 . . . 

I<3s’5 

So  a 

g 1 

« £ December  31.. . . 

S p 
a 

Renick — 

201 — Coal  mining.  . . 

8 

8 

Rich  Hill— 

202 — Carpenters . . . . 

9 

8 

203 — Coal  mining . . . 

8 

8 

204 — “ “ . . . 

8 

' 8 

205 — Laborers 

9 

9 

Richmond — 

206 — Coal  mining . . . 

More. 

8 

8 

Russell — 

207 — Coal  mining . . . 

Same 

8 

8 

Sedalia — 

208 — Barbers 

44 

12 

15 

209 — Bartenders .... 

312 

10 

10 

210 — Blacksmiths. . . 

310 

“ 

10 

9 

2 

5 

1 

2 1 1 — Boiler  makers. . 

300 

44 

10 

9 

212 — Carpenters 

200 

Less. . 

10 

10 

75 

10 

10 

60 

213 — Cigar  makers.  . 

300 

More. 

8 

7 

4 

5 

5 

4 

214 — Electrical  wkrs. 

285 

Less. . 

9 

9 

215 — Laundry  wkrs  . 

10 

7 

216 — Machinists.  . . . 

310 

More . 

9 

9 

217 — Metal  workers  . 

Same 

9 

9 

218 — Musicians 

219 — Printers 

More . 

8 

8 

220 — Ry.  carmen.. . . 

300 

10 

9 

50 

50 

221 — “ conductors. 

312 

“ 

10 

10 

222 — “ engineers... 

Same 

10 

10 

223—  “ 

10 

10 

224 — “ firemen. . . . 

“ 

10 

10 

225 — “ trainmen.. . 

“ 

10 

10 

226 — Retail  clerks. . . 

“ 

11 

15 

227 — Stage  employes 

“ 

6 

6 

228 — Tailors 

More. 

10 

10 

Slater — 

229 — Ry.  conductors 

Same 

10 

10 

230 — “ engineers... 

300 

Less. . 

10 

10 

231 — “ firemen. . . . 

Same 

10 

10 

232 — “ trainmen.. , 

300 

10 

10 

Springfield — 

233 — Bakers 

312 

More . 

10 

10 

234 — Barbers 

313 

13 

16 

235 — Bartenders 

Same 

10 

10 

236 — Blacksmiths. . . 

200 

Less. . 

8 

8 

237 — Boiler  makers.. 

More. 

9 

9 

238 — Brewery  wkrs. . 

44 

9 

9 

239 — Bricklayers. . . . 

200 

Less. . 

8 

8 

240 — Broom  makers. 

208 

14 

8 

4 

241 — Carpenters.  . . . 

44 

9 

9 

242 — Cigar  makers . . 

More . 

8 

6 

243 — Electrical  wkrs. 

8 

8 

244 — Horseshoers  . . . 

10 

10 

245 — Lathers 

160 

More. 

8 

8 

246 — Leather  wkrs . . 

285 

10 

8 

247 — Machinists.  . . . 

M 

9 

8 

248—  “ 

44 

9 

9 

249 — **  .... 

300 

44 

9 

9 

250 — Metal  workers.. 

275 

Same 

9 

9 

10 

10 

251 — Moulders 

242 

9 

. 9 

252 — Musicians 

253 — Painters 

10 

9 

254 — Plasterers 

More . 

8 

8 

10 

10 

10 

255 — Plumbers 

8 

8 

20 

25 

15 

10 

256 — Printers 

<> 

8 

g 

10 

10 

10 

10 

257 — Printing  prsmn. 

305 

• • 

8 

8 

258 — Ry.  carmen.. . J 

310 

Same  ' 

9 J 

9 

1 

Specific  cause  of  non- 
employment, 
1909. 


122 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


TABLE  NO.  4— LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS— Continued. 

Showing  location,  schedule  number  and  trade  or  occupation,  1910;  average  number  of  days 
employed  in  1909;  organization  reporting  more  or  less  work  in  1909  as  compared  with  1908;  the 
regular  hours  per  day,  except  Saturdays  in  1909;  hours  of  work  Saturdays,  1909;  per  cent  of  members 
unemployed,  and  cause  of  non-employment  in  1909. 


Location,  schedule 
No.  and  occupation, 
1909-10. 


> 

of? 

<<  p 
O-O) 
CL ^ 

3? 


o 

oSg 

OOC. 

3o£ 

*->- 

S?foo 

n>  “ P 
3 o 

OtDcf 

00  OS' 


p.a> 
p crp 

*<  £ 
CD  £3 


s s' 

p £ 

^ 3 
S’o 


s? 


<<i 


259 — “ conductors. 

356 

More. 

10 

10 

260—  “ 

365 

“ 

10 

10 

261 — “ engineers... 

262—  “ 

263 — “ firemen.  . . . 

264 — “ telegraphrs 

365 

* ‘ 

10 

10 

365 

Same 

10 

10 

365 

Same 

12 

12 

265 — “ trainmen.. . 

360 

More. 

10 

10 

266 — “ switchmen. 

Same 

10 

10 

267 — Retail  clerks. . . 

309 

10 

15 

268 — State  employes 

250 

8 

8 

269 — Street  Ry.  emp. 

365 

10 

10 

270 — Stone  cutters . . 

160 

8 

8 

271 — Tailors 

260 

41 

8 

8 

Stahl- 

272 — Coal  mining . . . 

More. 

8 

8 

273 — “ 

8 

8 

Stanberry — 

274 — Ry.  conductors. 

365 

Same 

10 

10 

275 — “ engineers... 

300 

10 

10 

276 — “ firemen. . . . 

360 

10 

10 

277 — “ trainmen... 

365 

“ 

10 

10 

Swanwick— 

278 — Coal  mining.  . . 

More . 

8 

8 

Thayer — 

279 — Ry.  carmen..  . . 

Less. . 

10 

'9 

280 — “ conductors. 

10 

10 

281 — “ engineers... 

Same 

10 

10 

282 — “ firemen.  . . . 

* * 

10 

10 

283 — “ trainmen..  . 

<< 

10 

10 

Trenton — 

284 — Boiler  makers. . 

306 

More. 

9 

9 

285 — Coal  mining . . . 

8 

8 

286 — Machinists .... 

309 

Same 

8 

8 

287 — Ry.  carmen.. . . 

300 

More. 

9 

8 

288 — “ conductors. 

365 

1 “ 

10 

10 

289 — “ engineers... 

365 

“ 

10 

10 

290 — “ firemen. . . . 

335 

Same 

10 

10 

291 — “ laborers.. . . 

292 — “ trainmen..  . 

365 



Same. 

10 

10 

Vandalia — 

293 — Coal  mining . . . 

More. 

8 

8 

Waterloo — 

294 — Coal  mining . . . 

— 

“ 

8 

8 

Waverly — 

295 — Coal  mining . . . 

8 

8 

Webb  City — 

296 — Garment  wkrs. 
Wellington — 

; Less.. 

9 

4 

297 — Coal  miners..  . . 

More. 

8 

8 

Windsor — 

298 — Coal  mining . . . 

8 

8 

Per  cent  of  members 

unem- 

ployed  in  1909  for 

quar- 

Ter  ending 

S 1 

! 

e 

p 

Ul 

CD 

o 

CD 

O 

cr 

CO 

a 

g 

3 

00 

o 

cr 

CD 

O' 

55 

00 

M 

o 

: 

Specific  cause  of  non- 
employment, 
1909. 




| 

5 

5 

6 

5 • 

Organized  Labor,  Rural,  1909-10. 


123 


LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS  OF  THE  STATE— Continued. 

OUTSIDE  OF  ST.  LOUIS,  KANSAS  CITY  AND  ST.  JOSEPH. 

TABLE  NO.  5. 

•“Showing  location  and  schedule  number;  trade  or  occupation;  amount  per  week  “out-of-work 
benefit;”  “strike  benefit;”  “sick  and  accident  benefit;”  “death  and  funeral  benefit;”  amount  paid 
from  each  fund;  total  amount  paid  from  all  benefit  funds  during  1909;  number  of  strikes  and  lock- 
outs during  1909;  number  of  strikes  settled  satisfactorily  during  1909. 


Location  and 
schedule  No. 

1909-10. 

Amount  per  week  “ out-of- 
work  benefit”,  1909 

Total  amount  of  “out-oi-| 
work  benefit”  paid  during 
1909 

Amount  per  week  “strike 
benefit”,  1909 

Total  amount  of  “strike 
benefit”  paid  during  1909. 

Amount  per  week  “sick  and 
accident  benefit,”  1909.. 

Total  amount  of  “sick  and 
accident  benefit”  paid  dur- 
ing 1909 . . ; 

Amount  of  “ death  and  fune- 
ral benefit”  Der  member,! 
1909 

Total  amount  of  “death  and 
funeral  benefit”  paid  dur- 
ing 1909  

[ I 

Total  amount  paid  from  all 
funds  during  1909 1 

Ardmore — 

$3.00 

3.00 

3.00 

7.00 

5.00 

3.00 

8.00 

15.00 

10.00 
6.00 

10.00 

5.00 

3.00 

3.00 

6.00 
6.00 
2.00 

5.00 

6.00 

9.00 

4.00 

6.00 
18.00 

' 

Bevier — 

Bowen — 

Brookfield — 

$200.00 

10 — Coal  mining 

11 — Machinists 

$6.00 

15.00 

200.00 

$1,000.00 

12 — Ry.  conductors. . . 

$400.00 

$2,000.00 

$2,400.00 

13 — “ engineers  . . 

14 — “ firemen 

15 — “ trainmen 

500.00 

50.00 

1,000.00 

1,000.09 

16 — Retail  clerks 

Camden — 

18 — Coal  mining 

1 

19 — “ “ 

Cape  Girardeau — 

22 — Blacksmiths . . 

23 — Boiler  makers 

100.00 

24 — Boiler  makers  hlprs.  . 

! 3.00 
5.00 

25 — Cigarmakers 

$3.00 

iis.oo 

500.00 

50.00 

100.00 

50.00 

100.00 

518. CO 

26 — Machinists 

27 — Railway  carmen 



Chaffee — 

30— Carpenters 

100.00 

100.00 

31 — Ry.  carmen 

32 — “ engineers 

20.00 

600.00 

75.00 

150.00 

100.00 
150.00 

150.00 

150.00 

750.00 

33 — “ conductors 

34 — “ trainmen 



35 — “ “ 

8.00 

150.00 

150.00 

Charleston — 

36 — Carpenters 

Chilhowee — 

37 — Coal  mining 

3.00 

Columbia — 

39 — Bricklayers 

40 — Hod  carriers 

2.00 

5.00 

5.00 

3.00 

3.00 

8.00 
7.00 
7 50 

2.00 

50.00 

75.00 

100.00 

50  99 

41 — Printers 

Corder — 

42 — Coal  mining. 

Deepwater — 

43 — Coal  mining 

DeSoto — 

44 — Bartenders 

50.00 

- 

45 — Blacksmiths 

46 — Boiler  makers 

100.00 

50.00 

100.00 

100.00 

47 — Boilermakers  helpers. 

5.00 

6.00 
5.00 

5.00 

15.00 
5.00 
8.0C 

3.0C 

48 — Machinists 

49 — Metal  workers 

1 

100.00 

100.00 

50 — Ry.  carmen 

1 

51 — “ conductors 

i 

52 — “ firemen 

\ . . . 

53 — “ trainmen 

i . . . 

Dover — 

54 — Coal  mining 

i 

124 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


TABLE  NO.  5— LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS— Continued. 

Showing  location  and  schedule  number;  trade  or  occupation;  amount  per  week  “out-of-work 
benefit;”  “strike  benefit;”  “sick  and  accident  benefit;”  “death  and  funeral  benefit;”  amount  paid 
from  each  fund;  total  amount  paid  from  all  benefit  funds  during  1909;  number  of  strikes  and  lock- 
outs during  1909;  number  of  strikes  settled  satisfactorily  during  1909. 


Location  and 
schedule  No. 
1909-10. 

Amount  per  week  “out-of- 

work  benefit,”  1909 

iotai  amount  ot  out-ol- 

work  benefit”  paid  during 

1909 

Amount  per  week  “strike 

benefit,”  1909 

Total  amount  of  “strike 

benefit”  paid  during  1909. 

Amount  per  week  “ sick  and 
accident  benefit,”  1909  . . . 

Total  amount  of  “sick  and 
accident  benefit”  paid  dur- 
ing 1909 

Amount  of  “ death  and  fune- 
ral benefit”  per  member, 
1909 

( 

Total  amount  of  “ death  and 
funeral  benefit”  paid  dur- 
ing 1909 

Total  amount  paid  from  all 
funds  during  1909 

Eldon — 

$7.00 

i . . . 

1,000.00 
1,500.00 
1,500.00 
1,000.00 
i asn  nn 

1 

56 — “ conductors 

12.00 

i 

1 

12.00 

i 

I 

1 

oc 

1 

,«i  nn 

$1,350.00 

Elliott — 

60 — Coal  mining 

3.00 

i 

Farmington — 

61 — Tailors  

$5.00 

100.00 

Flat  River — 

62 — Barbers; 

5.00 

60.00 

Fleming — 

63 — Coal  mining 

3.00 

Graniteville— 

6.00 

200  00 

65 — Paving  cutters 

6.00 

100.00 

> 

Hannibal — 

66 — Bakers  

6.00 

67 — Barbers 

5.00 

68 — Bartenders . . 

7.00 

$250.00 

100  00 

100.00 

350.00 

09 — Carpenters 

4.00 

5.00 

25.00 

400.00 

25.00 

70 — Cigarmakers 

$3.00 

$17.00 

5.00 

5.00 

312.00 

250.00 

250.00 

579.00 

71 — Electrical  workers . . 

5.00 

100.00 

72 — M a, eh  inisfs 

7.00 

4.00 

ios. 66 

200.00 

150.00 

108.00 

73 — Molders 

7.00 

5.00 

300.00 

150.00 

450.00 

74 — Painting  paper  hng 

3.00 

50.00 

200.00 

50.00 

75 — Printing 

6.00 

75.00 

76 — Ry.  conductors 

/ 

77 — “ engineers  .... 

12.00 

78 — “ 

750.00 

79 — “ firemen 

7.00 

80 — “ trainmen 

8.00 

81 — “ Retail  clerks.  . . 

5.00 

200.00 

150.00 

150.00 

350.00 

82 — Stove  mounters 

5.00 

100  00 

83 — Tailors 

5.00 

5.00 

75.00 

Higbee — 

84 — Coal  mining. . 

3.00 

Higginsville — 

85 — Coal  mining 

3.00 

Hume — 

87 — Ry.  telegraphers  . . 

Huntsville — 

88 — Coal  mining. . . 

3.00 

1 

Jefferson  City — 

89 — Barbers 

5.00 

15.00 

60.00 

15.00 

90 — Bartenders 

5.00 

105.00 

50.00 

100.00 

205.00 

91 — Bookbinders . 

6 00 

75.00 

92 — Bricklayers 

6.00 

50.00 

50.00 

50.00 

93 — Carpenters 

5.00 

50.00 

50.00 

94 — Cigarmakers 

3.00 

5 00 

5.00 

145.00 

100.00 

145.00 

95 — Hod  carriers 

5.00 

96 — Painters 

200.00 

97 — Printers 

7.00 

75.00 

98 — Pressmen 

6.00 

100.00 

99 — Ry.  carmen 

100 — “ conrhict.rvrs 

12.00 

101 — “ trainmen  . . 

150.00 

102 — “ firemen..., 

7.00 

103 — Retail  clerks.  . . 

5.00 

150.00 

Joplin- 

104 — Bakers 

7.00 

7.00 

7.00 

100.00 

105 — Barbers 

10.00 

100.00 

106 — Bartenders 

5.00 

50.00 

107 — Boiler  makers 

7.00 

108 — Brewery  workers •. 

6.00 

; | ..  j 

Organized  Labor,  Rural,  1909-10. 


125 


TABLE  NO.  5— LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS— Continued. 

Showing  location  and  schedule  number;  trade  or  occupation;  amount  per  week  “out-of-work 
benefit;”  “strike  benefit;”  “sick  and  accident  benefit;”  “death  and  funeral  benefit;”  amount  paid 
from  each  fund;  total  amount  paid  from  all  benefit  funds  during  1909;  number  of  strikes  and  lock- 
outs during  1909;  number  of  strikes  settled  satisfactorily  during  1909. 


Location  and 
schedule  No. 

1909-10.] 

Amount  per  week  “out-of- 

work  benefit”,  1909 

Total  amount  of  “out-of- 

work  benefit”  paid  during 

1909 

Amount  per  week  “strike 

benefit”.  1909 

Total  amount  of  “strike 

benefit”  paid  during  1909. 

Amount  per  week  “sick  and 
accident  benefit,  ” 1909. . . 

t 

Total  amount  of  “sick  and 
accident  benefit”  paid  dur- 
ing 1909 

Amount  of  “ death  and  fune- 
ral benefit”  per  member, 
1909  

( 

Total  amount  of  “death  and 
funeral  benefit”  paid  dur- 
ing: 1909 

Total  amount  paid  from  all 
funds  during  1909 

Joplin — 

$7.00 

$75.00 

$3.00 

$77.00 

200.00 

$200.00 

$277.00 

$3.00 

120.00 

5.00 

5.00 

10  00 

100.00 

130.00 

5.00 

' 350.00 

350.00 

5.00 



7.00 

100.00 

5.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

7.00 

5.00 

40.00 

150.00 

40.00 

25.00 

25.00 

25.00 

5.00 

100.00 



50.00 

75.00 

150.00 

150.00 

123 — Pressmen 

7.00 

100.00 

124 — Ry.  carmen 

6.00 

125 — Smelter  men 

:::::::::: 

126 — Stone  cutters 

6.00 

100.00 

127 — Tailors 

6.00 

! 

5.00 

100.00 

Keota — 

128 — Coal  mining 

3.00 

129 — “ 

3.00 

130 — “ 

3.00 

Kirksville — 

131 — Coal  mining 

3.00 

$609.00 

132 — “ 



3.00 

549.00 

Lexington — 

133 — Coal  mining 

3.00 

134 — <• 

3.00 

Macon — 

135 — Bartenders 

50.00 

Marceline — 

136 — Carpenters 

3.00 

101.00 

50.00 

50.00 

% 

151.00 

137 — Coal  mining. . . . 

3.00 

138 — “ 

3.00 

139 — Painters 

2.50 

35.00 

50.00 

50.00 

85.00 

140 — Ry.  conductors... 

10.00 

15.00 

200.00 

200.00 

141 — “ firemen. . . . 

3.00 

142 — “ trainmen.. 

5.00 

143 — Teamsters 

Marshall — 

144 — Carpenters . . . 

7.00 

100.00 

200.00 

200.00 

Milan — 

145 — Coal  mining 

3.00 

146 — Ry.  engineers  . . 

10.00 

100.00 

147 — “ conductors 

10.00 

148 — “ firemen 

5.00 

149 — ■ “ trainmen . . 

7.00 

3.50 

100.00 

100.00 

450.00 

Minden — 

150 — Coal  mining 

3.00 

151—  “ “ 

3.00 

Missouri  City- — 

152 — Coal  mining 

3.00 

Moberly — 

153 — Barbers 

5.00 

100.00 

154 — Bartenders 

5.00 

110.00 

50.00 

110.00 

155r — Blacksmiths 

5.00 

156- — Boilermakers 

7.50 

50.00 

100.00 

100.00 

157 — Bricklayers 

5.00 

158 — Carpenters 

100.00 

159 — Cigar  makers 

3.00 

46.00 

5.00 

5.00 

20.00 

100.00 

66.00 

160 — Coal  mining 

3.00 

161 — Machinists 

6 on 

200.00 

400.00 

400.00 

162 — Painters 

200. 001 

200.00 

200.00 

126 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics } 1910. 


TABLE  NO.  5— LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS— Continued. 

Showing  location  and  schedule  number;  trade  or  occupation;  amount  per  week  “out-of-work 
benefit;”  “strike  benefit;”  “sick  and  accident  benefit;”  “edath  and  funeral  benefit;”  amount  paid 
from  each  fund;  total  amount  paid  from  all  benefit  funds  during  1909;  number  of  strikes  and  lock- 
outs during  1909;  number  of  strikes  settled  satisfactorily  during  1909. 


Location  and 
schedule  No. 

1909-10. 

Amount  per  week  “out-of- 

work  benefit”,  1909 

Total  amount  of  “out-of- 

work  benefit”  paid  during 

1909 

Amount  per  week  “strike! 

benefit,”  9061 1 

Total  amount  of  “ strike 

benefit”  paid  during  1909. 

Amount  per  week  “ sick  and 
accident  benefit,”  1909... 

Total  amount  of  “sick  and 

accident  benefit”  paid  dur- 

ing 1909 

Amount  of  “ death  and  fune- 

ral benefit  ” per  member. , 
1909 

Total  amount  of  “ death  and 

funeral  benefit”  paid  dur- 

ing 1909 

Total  amount  paid  from  all 
funds  during  1909 

Moberly — 

S6.0C 

7.00 

5.00 
12.00 

15.00 

7.00 

3.00 

7.50 

12.00 

i . 

$50.00 

75.00 

•S4.0C 

i . . . 

$150.00 

$150.00 



IV  >nett — 

100.00 

174  “ “ 

250.00 

! 

10.00 

7.00 

3.00 

7.00 

$300.00 

300.00 

176 — “ trainmen 

Napoleon — 

177 — Coal  mining  . . 

Nevada — 

179 — By.  conductors 

180 — “ engineers 

181 — “ firemen 

182 — “ trainmen 

New  Franklin — 

183 — By.  conductors 

15.00 

10.00 

7.00 

8.00 

3.00 

5.00 

3.00 
3.00 
3.00 
3.00 

3.00 

3.00 

7.50 

10.00 

184 — “ engineers 

75.00 



185 — “ firemen  . 

186 — “ trainmen 



Ninevah — 

187 — Coal  mining 

Novinger — 

188 — Rricklfl.yers 

100.00 

190 — Coal  mining 

191 — •< 

192 — “ 

193 — “ 

Panama — 

195 — Coal  mining 

Perry — 

196 — Coal  mining 

Poplar  Bluff — 

197 — Barbers 

- 

5.00 

5.00 

60.00 

90.00 

198 — Machinists. . . 

6.00 

199 — Maintenance  of  wTay 

200 — Printers 

6.00 

3.00 

75.00 

75.00 

75.00 

Renick — • 

201 — Coal  mining 

Rich  Hill- 
202 — Carpenters  . . 

4.00 

203 — Coal  mining 

3.00 

3.00 

204 — “ 

205 — Laborers 

3.00 

Richmond — 

206 — Coal  mining 

3.00 

3.00 

Russell — 

207 — Coal  mining. . . . 

Sedalia — 

208 — Barbers 

5.00 

20.00 

200.00 

50.00 

20.00 

150.00 

209 — Bartenders 

150.00 

210 — Blacksmiths 

7.00 
7.50 

5.00 

211 — Boiler  makers 

100.00 

200.00 

100.00 

100.00 

30.00 

213 —  Cigarmakers 

214 —  Electrical  workers . . 

$3.00 

5.66 

5.00 

30.00 

215 — Laundry  workers.  . . . 

216 — Machinists 

7.00 

5.00 

200.00 

466.66 

400.00 

217 — Metal  workers 

I 

100.00'. 

1 

Organized  Labor,  Rural,  1909-10. 


127 


TABLE  NO.  5— LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS— Continued. 

Showing  location  and  schedule  number ; trade  or  occupation ; amount  per  week 
“out-of-work  benefit “strike  benefit “sidle  and  accident  benefit “death  and  fun- 
eral benefit amount  paid  from  each  fund ; total  amount  paid  from  all  benefit  funds 
during  1909  ; number  of  strikes  and  lockouts  during  1909  ; number  of  strikes  settled 
satisfactorily  during  1909. 


Location  and 
schedule  No. 

1909-10. 

Amount  per  week  “out-of- 

work  benefit",  1909 

Total  amount  of  “out-of- 
work  benefit"  paid  during 
1909 

Amount  per  week  “strike 

benefit",  1909 

Total  amount  of  “strike 

benefit”  paid  during  1909. 

Amount  per  week  “sick  and 
accident  benefit",  1909.. . . 

c 

Total  amount  of  “sick  and 
accident  benefit”  paid  dur- 
ing- 1909 

Amount  of  “ death  and  fune- 
ral benefit"  per  member, 
1909  

c 

Total  amount  of  “ death  and 
funeral  benefit”  paid  dur- 
ing 1909 

s 

Total  amount  paid  from  all 
funds  during  1909 

Sedalia — 

219 — Printers 

$5.00 

$5.00 

$40.00 

$90.00 

$90.00 

$130.00 

5.00 

12.50 

10.00 

223 — “ “ 

15.00 

10.00 

7.00 

226 — Retail  elerks 



1 5.00 

50.00 

50.00 

228 — Tailors  

1.00 

5.00 

100.00 

Slater — 

12.50 

10.00 

500.00 

500.00 

7.00 

10.00 

10.00 

Springfield — 

233 — Bakers  

6.00 

6.00 

234 — Barbers 

235 — Bartenders . . 

1.00 

110.00 

50.00 

110.00 

236 — Blacksmiths . . 

237 — Boiler  makers . ... 

5.00. 

50.00 

238 — Brewery  workers 

7.00 

239 — Bricklayers 

8.00 

100.00 

240 — Broommakers 

5.00 

241 — Carpenters 

3.00 

242 — Cigarmakers 

$3.00 

$54.00 

5.00 

5.00 

235.00 

100.00 

289.00 

243 — Electrical  workers . . . 

5.00 

5.00 

100.00 

244 — Horseshoers  

100.00 

245 — Lathers 

5.00 

5.00 

165.00 

100.00 

165.00 

246 — Leather  workers. . . 

6.00 

100  00 

200.00 

200.00 

247 — Machinists  . . 

8.00 

200  00 

248 — Machinists  . 

8.00 



200  00 

249 — Machinists 

1 

5.00 

100.00 

250 — Metal  workers 

7.00 

5.00 

150.00 

150.00 

150.00 

252 — Musicians. . . 

1 

6.00 

254 — Plasterers 

i 

7.00 

5.00 

100.00 

255 — Plumbers 

75  00 

256 — Printers 

8.00 

100.00 

258 — Ry.  carmen 

12.50 

259 — “ conductors... 

10.00 

260 — “ 

10.00 

15.00 

300  00 

300.00 

261 — " engineers  . . 

5.00 

5.00 

42  00 

42  00 

262 — “ 

7.00 

5.00 

500  00 

500  00 

263 — “ firemen. . . 

10.00 

5.00 

100.00 

100.00 

264 — “ telegraphers 

266 — “ switchmen  . . 

50.00 

267 — Retail  clerks 

268 — Stage  employes. . . 

5.00 

269 — Street  Ry.  employes . 

6.00 

100.00 

270 — Stone  cutters 

5.00 

50.00 

271 — Tailors 

7.00 

3.00 

5.00 

150.00 

100.00 

150.00 

Stahl — 

272 — Coal  mining 

273—  “ “ 

3.00 

Stanberry — 

274 — Ry.  conductors 

8.00 

275 — “ engineers 

7.50 

276^-  “ firemen 

7.50 

277 — “ trainmen 

8.00 

Swanwick — 

278 — Coal  mining 

3.00 

Thayer — 

279 — Ry.  carmen 

5.00 

50.00 

• 

280 — " conductors 

5.00 

100.00 

100.00 

281 — " engineers 

100.00 

128 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


TABLE  NO.  5— LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS— Continued. 

Showing  location  and  schedule  number ; trade  or  occupation ; amount  per  week 
“out-of-work  benefit;”  “strike  benefit;”  “sick  and  accident  benefit;”  “death  and  fun- 
eral benefit;”  amount  paid  from  each  fund;  total  amount  paid  from  all  benefit  funds 
during  1909;  number  of  strikes  and  lockouts  during  1909;  number  of  strikes  settled 
satisfactorily  during  1909. 


Lacation  and 

Schedule  No. 

1909-10. 

Amount  per  week  “out-of- 

work  benefit,”  1909 

Total  amount  of  “out-of 

work  benefit”  paid  during 

1909. 

Amount  per  week  “strike 

benefit,”  1909 

Total  amount  of  “strike 
benefit,’,  paid  during  1909. 

Amount  per  week  “sick  and 
accident  benefit,”  1909... . 

Total  amount  of  4 ‘sick  and 
accident  benegt”  paid  dur- 
ing 1909 

Amount  of  “death  and  fun- 
eral benefit”  per  member, 
1909 

Total  amount  of  “death  and 
funeral  “benefit”  paid  dur- 
ing 1909 

Total  amount  paid  from  all 
funds  during  1909 

Thayer — 

282 — Ry.  firemen 

$5.00 

$100.00 

283 — “ trainmen 

$7.50 

6.00 

3.00 

7.50 

Trenton — 

284 — Boiler  makers 

100.00 

$100.00 

$100.00 

285 — Coal  mining 

286 — Machinists 

100.00 

200.00 

287 — Ry.  carmen 

288 — “ conductors 

12.50 

12.50 

7.00 

289 — “ engineers 

290 — “ firemen 

291 — “ laborers 

292 — “ trainmen 

7.00 

3.00 

3.00 

3.00 

3.00 

3.00 

Vandalia — 

293 — Coal  mining 

Waterloo — 

294 — Coal  mining 

Waverly — 

295 — Coal  mining  . . 

Wellington — 

297 — Coal  mining 

Windsor — 

298 — Coal  mining. . . . 

\ 

LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS  OF  THE  STATE— Continued. 

OUTSIDE  OF  ST.  LOUIS,  KANSAS  CITY  AND  ST.  JOSEPH. 

TABLE  NO.  6. 

Showing  location  and  schedule  number;  trade  or  occupation;  number  of  strikes  compromised; 
number  of  strikes  lost ; number  days  duration  of  strikes ; total  number  of  persons  involved  in  strikes ; 
cost  of  strikes  or  lock-outs;  number  of  persons  directly  benefited  by  strikes  in  1909;  number  of 
persons  worsted  by  strikes  in  1909;  total  amount  expended  by  organizations  in  support  of  strikes  in 
1909. 


Location  and 
schedule  No. 
1909-10.** 

No.  strikes  compromised, 
1909 

Number  strikes  lost,  1909 

Number  days  duration 
of  strikes,  1909 

Total  number  persons 
involved  in  strikes,  1909 

Cause  of  strikes  or  lockouts, 
1909. 

Number  persons  directly 
benefited  by  strikes  in 
1909 

Number  persons  worsted 
by  strikes  in  1909.  . . . 

Total  amount  expended 
by  organization  in  sup- 
port of  strikes  in  1909 . 

Kirksville — 

131 — Coal  mngn 

1 

68 

7 

Violation  of 

contract 

7 

$609.00 

132 — Coal  mngn 

1 

365 

30 

Discharge  of 

blacksmith 

30 

549.00 

**For  the  tables  in  which  the  cities,  towns  and  schedule  numbers  are  missing,  the  unions  re- 
porting either  had  no  information  along  that  line  to  report,  or  the  secretaries  did  not  answer  all 
questions  put  to  them  by  the  Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics  schedule.  In  most  cases  there  was  nothing 
new,  nor  no  changes  to  repojert  In  table  1 all  labor  organizations  which  reported  are  givenin  the 
alphabetical  order  of  the  city  or  town  in  which  they  are  located. 


Office  of  Secretary , Musicians’  Mutual  Benevolent  Association,  3535  Pine  St.,  St.  Louis, 'Mo. 


Organized  Labor,  Rural,  1909-10. 


129 


LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS  OF  THfi  STATE— Continued. 

OUTSIDE  OF  ST.  LOUIS,  KANSAS  CITY  AND  ST.  JOSEPH. 

TABLE  NO.  7. 

Giving  location  and  schedule  number,  and  showing  amount  of  wages  lost  to  members  through 
strikes  in  1909;  gains  in  wages  per  day,  gain  in  reduction  of  hours  per  day,  number  of  times  or- 
ganization has  appealed  for  arbitration,  number  of  disputes  settled  by  State  and  Voluntary  Boards 
of  Arbitration,  and  results  of  arbitration. 


Location  and 
schedule  No. 
1909-10.** 

Amount  of  wages  lost  to  mem- 

bers through  strikes  in  1909. . 

1 Gains  in  wages  per  day,  1909. . 

Gain  in  reduction  of  hours  per 
day,  1909 

No.  of  times  oreanization  has 
appealed  for  arbitration,  1909. 

Number  disputes  settled  by 
arbitration  during  1909 

Disputes  arbitrated  by  State 
Board  of  Arbitration,  1909 . . . 

Disputes  arbitrated  by  Volun- 
tary Board  of  Arbitration,  1909 

Results  of  arbitration, 
1909. 

Kirksville — 

131 — Coal  mng. . 

$2,200 

Settled. 

132 — Coal  mng. . 

9,000 

**For  the  tables  in  which  cities,  towns  and  schedule  numbers  are  missing,  the  unions  reporting  ■ 
either  had  no  information  along  that  line  to  report,  or  the  secretaries  did  not  answer  all  questions 
put  to  them  by  the  Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics  schedule.  In  most  cases  there  was  nothing  new, 
nor  no  changes  to  report.  In  table  1 all  labor  organizations  which  reported  are  given  in  the  alpha- 
betical order  of  the  city  or  town  in  which  they  are  located. 


LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS  OF  THE  STATE— Continued. 

OUTSIDE  OF  ST.  LOUIS,  KANSAS  CITY  AND  ST.  JOSEPH. 

TABLE  NO.  8. 

Showing  location  and  schedule  number;  trade  or  Occupation;  number  of  fatal  accidents;  num- 
ber of  non-fatal  accidents;  total  number  of  accidents  during  1909;  number  of  organizations  having 
agreements  with  employers;  per  cent  of  members  working  under  agreements;  specific  points  cov- 
ered by  agreements;  number  of  years  for  which  agreement  is  made. 


Location  and 
schedule  number  ; 
trade  or  occupa- 
tion, 1909-10. 

Accidents, 

1909. 

Organizations  having  agree- 
ment with  employers. . . . 

Per  cent  of  members  work- 
ing under  agreements,  1909 

Specific  points  covered  by 
agreements; 

Number  of  years  for  which 
agreements  are  made 

Number  of  fatal  acci- 
dents during  1909. . . 

Number  of  non-fatal 
accidents  during  1909 

Total  number  of  acci- 
dents during  1909. . . 

Ardmore — 

1 — Coal  mining . . 

Yes . . 

100 

Tonnage,  rate  and  conditions 

2 

Bevier — 

3 — Coal  mining . . 

* « 

100 

<1  l« 

2 

Bowen — 

7 — Coal  mining . . 

** 

100 

“ “ I* 

2 

Brookfield — 

8 — Boiler  mkrs . . 

«« 

100 

Wages  and  hours 

j. 

9 — Bricklayers.. . 

II 

100 

“ “ “ 

1 

10 — Coal  mining. . 

41 

100 

Tonnage,  rate  and  conditions 

2 

O L— 9 


130 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910 . 


TABLE  NO.  8— LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS— Continued. 

Showing  location  and  schedule  number;  trade  or  occupation;  number  of  fatal  accidents;  num- 
ber of  non-fatal  accidents;  tota*  number  of  accidents  during  1909;  number  of  organizations  having 
agreements  with  employers;  per  cent  of  members  working  under  agreements;  specific  points  cov- 
ered by  agreements;  number  of  years  for  which  agreement  is  made. 


Location  and 
schedule  number; 
trade  or  occupa- 
tion, 1909-10. 

Accidents, 

1909. 

Organizations  having  agree- 

ment with  employers 

Per  cent  of  members  work- 

ing under  agreements  1909 

Number  of  fatal  acci- 

dents during  1909.  . . 

Number  of  non-fatal 

accidents  during  1909 

Total  number  of  acci- 

dents during  1909.  . . 

Brookfield — 

1 1 — Machinists . . . 

Yes.  . 

100 

12 — Ry. conductors 

100 

44 

100 

1 

1 

« 

100 

15 — “ trainmen. 

4 

4 

“ 

100 

16- — Retail  clerks.. 

44 

100 

Camden — 

18 — Coal  mining. . 

1 4 

100 

19 — “ “ . . 

“ 

100 

Cape  Girardeau — 

. . . . 

22 — Blacksmiths. . 

44 

100 

23 — Boiler  mkrs  . . 

. . . . 

100 

24 — Boiler  mk.  his. 

— 

“ 

100 

25 — Cigar  mkrs. . . 

100 

26 — Machinists . . . 



100 

27 — Ry.  carmen.  . 

— 

1 

1 

44 

100 

Chaffee — 

30 — Carpenters . . . 

31 — Ry.  carmen.  . 

Yes . . 

100 

32 — “ engineers. 

1 

1 

2 

100 

33 — “ conductrs. 

44 

100 

34 — “ trainmen. 

2 

2 

44 

100 

35 — 14 

9 

9 

“ 

100 

Charleston — 

36 — Carpenters . . . 

44 

100 

Chilhowee — 

37 — Coal  mining. . 

44 

100 

Columbia — 

39 — Bricklayers..  . 

« ‘ 

100 

40 — Hod  carriers. . 

44 

100 

41 — Printers 

44 

100 

Corder — 

42 — Coal  mining. 

4 ‘ 

100 

Deepwater — 

43 — Coal  mining. . 

4 4 

100 

DeSoto — 

44 — Bartenders. . . 

44 

100 

45 — Blacksmiths. . 

‘4 

100 

46 — Boiler  mkrs  . . 

44 

100 

47 — Boiler  mk  hips 

44 

100 

48 — Machinists  . . . 

44 

100 

49 — Metal  wkrs. . . 

44 

100 

50 — Ry.  carmen.  . 

44 

100 

51 — “ conductrs. 

“ 

100 

52 — “ firemen. . . 

44 

100 

53 — “ trainmen. 

44 

100 

Dover — 

54 — Coal  mining. . 

44 

100 

Eldon- 

55 — “ carmen... 

44 

100 

56 — “ conductrs. 

1 

1 

‘4 

100 

57 — “ engineers. 

44 

100 

58 — “ firemen. . . 

2 

2 

44 

100 

59 — “ trainmen. 

1 

10 

11 

“ 

100 

Elliott — 

60 — Coal  mining.  . 

44 

100 

Farmington — 

61 — Tailors 

44 

100 

Flat  River — 

62 — Barbers 

44 

100 

Fleming — 

63 — Coal  mining.  . 

44 

.100 

Specific  points  covered  by 
agreements. 


Wages  and  hours , 


Hours 

Tonnage,  rate  and  conditions, 

Wages  and  hours 


Wages  and  hours 


Tonnage,  rate  and  conditions, 
Wages  and  hours 

Tonnage,  rate  and  conditions. 

Wages  and  hours 


Tonnage,  rate  and  wages 
Wages  and  hours 


3 

p 

a 

CD 


1 

2 

2 

1 

I 


3 

1 

1 


2- 

1 

1 

5 

2 

2 

1 

1 

1 


2 


2 


2 


Number  of  years  for  which  i 


Organized  Labor,  Rural,  1909-10. 


131 


TABLE  NO.  8— LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS— Continued. 

Showing  location  and  schedule  number;  trade  or  occupation;  number  of  fatal  accidents;  num- 
ber of  non-fatal  accidents;  total  number  of  accidents  during  1909;  number  of  organizations  having 
agreements  with  employers;  per  cent  of  members  working  under  agreements;  specific  points  cov- 
ered by  agreements;  number  of  years  for  which  agreement  is  made. 


Accidents, 

1909. 


Location  and 
schedule  number; 
trade  or  occupa- 
tion, 1909-10. 


a? 
§ 3 

TT  CT 


I W p 

I sE 

o 

COP 
• f> 


Granite  ville  — 

64 —  Granite  cuttrs 

65 —  Pavipg  cuttrs 
Hannibal — 

69 — Carpenters  . . . 

72 —  Machinists . . . 

73 —  Molders 

74 —  Pntg,  ppr  hng, 

75 —  Printing 

77 —  Ry.  conductrs 

78 — “ engineers 

79 — “ firemen.. 

80 — “ trainmen 

81 —  Retail  clerks. 

82 —  Stove  mountrs 

83—  Tailors .... 
Higbee— 

84 —  Coal  mining 
Higginsville — 

85 —  Coal  mining 
Hume — 

87 —  Ry.  telegraphs 
Huntsville — 

88 —  Coal  mining . . 
Jefferson  City — 

91 —  Bookbinders. . 

92 —  Bricklayers..  . 

95 —  Hod  carriers. . 

96 —  Painters 

97 —  Printers 

98 —  Pressmen .... 

99 —  Ry.  carmen  . . 

100 — “ conductrs 

101 — “ trainmen. 

102 — “ firemen. . . 

103 —  Retail  clerks.. 
Joplin — 

104 —  Bakers 

105 —  Barbers 

106 —  Bartenders.  . . 

107 —  Boiler  mkrs . . 

108 —  Brewery  wkrs. 

109 —  Bricklayers. . . 

110 —  Carpenters.  . . 

1 1 1 —  Cigar  makers . 

112 —  Engineers,  sta 

113 —  Electrical  wks 

114 —  Garment  wkrs 

115 —  Hod  carriers 

116 —  Machinists.  . 

117 —  Metal  wkrs. . 

118 —  Molders 

119 —  Musicians.  . . 

120 —  Painters.  . . . 

121 —  Plasterers.  . . 

122 —  Printers .... 

123 —  Pressmen  . . . 

124 —  Ry.  carmen  . 
Keota — 

128 —  Coal  mining. 

129 — “ 

130—  “ “ . 

Kirksville — 

131 —  Coal  mining. 

132—  “ " 


2 3 
a? 


H 

o-o 


£j  3 


a “ 
° CT 

o < 


12 


Yes 


Yes , 


C <TD 

P P 

Q.<r- 

<t>  _ 

-i  o 

p 

a 3 

CD  0> 

SB 

1? 


Yes , 


Yes. 


Yes . 


Yes . 


100 

100 

100 
100 
100 
100 
100 
100 
100 
100 
100 
100 
100 
. 100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 


Specific  points  covered  by 
agreements. 


Wages  and  hours 


Wages 

“ and  hours. 


Hours 

Wages  and  hours 


conditions. 


Tonnage,  rate  and  wages. 
Wages  and  hours 


100  Wages  and  hours 


100 

100 

100 


100 

100 

100 


Wages  and  hours 


Wages  and  hour: 


100  Wages  and  hours  . 
100  “ “ “ . 
100 . 


100 1 Tonnage,  rate  and  wages. 

1001 

iooi 

100  “ “ “ “ . 

100  “ “ “ “ . 


Number  of  years  for  which. 


132 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


TABLE  NO.  8— LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS— Continued. 

Showing  location  and  schedule  number;  trade  or  occupation;  number  of  fatal  accidents;  num- 
ber of  non-fatal  accidents;  total  number  of  accidents  during  1909;  number  of  organizations  having 
agreements  with  employers;  per  cent  of  members  working  under  agreements;  specific  points  cov- 
ered by  agreements;  number  of  years  for  which  agreement  is  made. 


Location  and 
schedule  number, 
trade  or  occupa- 
tion. 1909-10. 


Accidents, 

1909. 

g!? 

s'1'5 

H-.O 

P ^ 

53 

aj 

H 

Eg. 

m?  r. 
P § 

o 7? 

gs 

2.3 

0.0 
§ p 

03  N 

^ E 

d 

Is* 

Q.O” 

CD  2 

E 

Si 

So 

& p 
<t>  » 

(T>  O 

is 

&a 

i-j_ 

“ o 
a1-5 

Sd 

23 

F8* 

ms  >i 

3 o' 

*d  p 
o & 

'<  o 

a>  2 

2 3 

3 o' 

(D  2 

ms 

^p 

Ora 

on-fatal 
ing  1909 

sa 

. o 
. o# 

oms 

“ JS5 

: or? 

■ 0) 
a 

^ w 

H-O 

CO  >-) 

Lexington — 

133 —  Coal  mining.  . I 

134—  “ “ . . 

Macon — • 

135 —  Bartenders.  . . 
Marceline — 

136 —  Carpenters . . . 

137 —  Coal  mining.  . 

138 — “ **  . . 

139 —  Painters 

140' — Ry.  conduct rs 

141 — “ firemen. . . 

142 — “ trainmen. 

143 —  Teamsters. . . . 
Milan — 

145 —  Coal  mining.  . 

146 —  Ry.  engineers. 

147 — “ conductrs. 

148 — “ firemen... 

149 — “ trainmen. 
Minden — 

150 —  Coal  mining.  . 

151—  “ “ . . 

Missouri  City — 

152 —  Coal  mining.  . 
Moberly — 

1 53 —  Barbers 

154 —  Bartenders.  . . 

155 —  Blacksmiths. . 

1 56 —  Boiler  mkrs  . . 

157 —  Bricklayers.. . 

158 —  Carpenters. . . 

159 —  Cigar  makers. 

160 —  Coal  mining. . 

161 —  Machinists.  . . 

162 —  Painters 

163 —  Plasterers. . . . 

164 —  Painters 

165 —  Ry.  carmen  . . 

166 — “ conductrs. 

167 — “ engineers. 

168 — “ firemen. . . 

170 —  Teamsters 

Monett — 

171 —  Machinists.  . . 

172 —  Ry.  conductrs 

173 — “ carmen. . . 

174—  “ “ ... 

175 — “ engineers. 

176 — “ trainmen. 
Napoleon — 

177 —  Coal  mining. . 
Nevada — 

179 —  Ry.  conductrs 

180 — “ engineers. 

181 — “ firemen... 

182 — “ trainmen. 
New  Franklin — 

183 —  Ry.  conductrs 

184 — “ engineers. 

185 — “ firemen. . . 

186 — “ trainmen. 
Niuevah — 

187 —  Coal  mining.  . 


Yes . 


Yes . 


Yes . 


Yes 


Yes , 


Yes. 

Yes'. 


Yes 


100 

100 


100 


100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 


100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 


100 

100 


100 

100 

100 


100 


100 

100 

100 


100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

1001 


Specific  points  covered  by 
agreements. 


Tonnage,  rate  and  wages. 
Wages  and  hours 


Tonnage,  rate  and  conditions. 
Wages  and  hours 


Tonnage,  rate  and  conditions. 
Wages  and  hours 


Tonnage,  rate  and  conditions. 


Wages  and  hours . 
Wages  and  hours 


Tonnage,  rate  and  conditions. 
Wages  and  hours 


Wages  and  hours 


Wages  and  hours 


Tonnage,  rate  and  wages. 
Wages  and  hours 


Tonnage,  rate  and  conditions. 


Number  of  years  for  which) 


Organized  Labor,  Rural,  1909-10. 


133 


TABLE  NO.  8— LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS— Continued. 

Showing  location  and  schedule  number;  trade  or  occupation;  number  of  fatal  accidents;  num- 
ber of  non-fatal  accidents;  total  number  of  accidents  during  1909;  number  of  organizations  having 
agreements  with  employers;  per  cent  of  members  working  under  agreements;  specific  points  cov- 
ered by  agreements;  number  of  years  for  which  agreement  is  made. 


Location,  schedule 
No.  and  occupation, 
1909-10. 

| % Number  of  fatal  acci- 

1 dents  during  1909. . . 

Number  of  non-fatal 

2o»  accidents  during  1909 

o—l 

Total  number  of  acci- 

m dents  during  1909 .... 

Organizations  having  agree- 

ment with  employers,  19091 

Per  cent  of  members  work- 

ing under  agreements,  1909 

^Specific  points  covered  by 
agreements. 

Number  of  years  for  which 
i agreements  are  made 

Novinger — 

188 — Bricklayers..  . 

Yes. . 

100 

| Wages  and  hours 

1 

100 

Tonnage,  rate  and  conditions 

2 

191 — “ “ 

“ 

100 

2 

192 — “ “ 

44 

100 

44  44  44  44 

2 

193 — “ “ 

• 44 

100 

44  44  44  44 

2 

Panama — 

195 — Coal  mining.  . 

41 

100 

44  44  44  44 

2 

Perry — 

196 — Coal  mining.  . 

* * 

100 

Wages  and  conditions 

2 

Poplar  Bluff — 

197 — Barbers 

1 1 

100 

Wages  and  hours 

1 

198 — Machinists . . . 

44 

100 

1 

199 — Maintenance 

of  way 

200 — Printers 

44 

100 

Wages  and  hours 

1 

Renick — 

201 — Coal  mining 

44 

100 

Tonnage  rate  and  conditions 

2 

Rich  Hill- 

202 — Carpenters . . . 

44 

100 

Wages  and  hours 

1 

203 — Coal  mining . . 

44 

100 

Tonnage,  rate  and  conditions 

2 

204 — “ 

44 

100 

2 

205 — Laborers 

Richmond— 

206 — Coal  mining. . 

Yes . . 

100 

Wages  and  conditions 

2 

Russell — 

207 — Coal  mining . . 

100 

44  44  44 

2 

Sedalia — 

208 — Barbers 

209 — Bartenders. . . 

Yes . . 

100 

Wages  and  hours 

i 

210 — Blacksmiths. . 

3 

3 

100 

211 — Boiler  mkrs.  . 

“ 

100 

44  44  44 

213 — Cigar  makers. 

214 — Electrical  wks 

Yes . . 

100 

Wages  and  hours 

1 

215 — Laundry  wkrs 

100 

1 

216 — Machinists.  . . 

5 

5 

100 

“ “ “ 

217 — Metal  wkrs. . . 

;; 

100 

44  44  44 

i 

219 — Printers 

100 

44  44  44 

2 

220 — Ry.  carmen  . . 

100 

X X X 

221 — “ conduct rs. 

100 

44  44  44 

2 

222 — “ engineers. 

9 

9 

“ 

100 

X 

223—  “ 

*i 

100 

44  44  44 

224 — “ firemen... 

100 

44  44  44 

225 — “ trainmen. 

5 

5 

100 

44  44  44 

2 

226 — Retail  clerks.. 

100 

4 4 4 4 4 4 

228 — Tailors 

<< 

100 

44  44  44 

1 

Slater — 

229 — Ry.  conductrs 

4< 

90 

44  44  44 

230 — “ engineers. 

12 

12 

100 

44  44  44 

231 — “ firemen..  . 

*■* 

100 

44  44  44 

232 — “ trainmen. 

100 

44  44  44 

Springfield — 

233 — Bakers 

1 

1 

4 * 

100 

44  44  44 

1 

234 — Barbers 

100 

44  44  44 

1 

235 — Bartenders.  . . 

100 

44  44  44 

1 

236— Blacksmiths. . 

44 

100 

44  44  44 

1 

237 — Boiler  makers 

44 

100 

44  44  44 

1 

238 — Brewery  wkrs 

3 

3 

100 

X X << 

1 

239 — Bricklayers. . . 

44 

100 

44  44  44 

1 

1 

240 — Broom  mkrs. . 

44 

100 

44  44  44 

241 — Carpenters.  . . 

2 

4 

6 

100 

X X X 

242 — Cigar  makers . 

243 — Electrical  wks 

Yes . . 

100 

Wages  and  hours 

l 

244 — Horse  shoers  . 

245 — Lathers 

134 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics,  1910. 


TABLE  NO.  8— LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS — Continued. 

Showing  location  and  schedule  number ; trade  or  occupation ; number  of  fatal 
accidents;  number  of  non-fatal  accidents;  total  number  of  accidents  during  1909;  num- 
ber of  organizations  having  agreements  with  employers ; per  cent  of  members  working 
under  agreements;  specific  points  covered  by  agreements;  number  of  years  for  which 
agreement  is  made. 


Location,  schedule 
No.  and  occupation, 
1909-10. 


Accidents, 

1909. 


£ 

CD  1-5 

3 3 

<r+  O' 
» CD 

3 o 


c oz . 
o 

COP 


Springfield — 

246 —  Leather  wks. 

247 —  Machinists  . . 

248— 

249— 

250 —  Metal  wkrs. . 
252 — Musicians . . . 

254 —  Plasterers. . . 

255 —  Plumbers . . . 

256 —  Printers 
258 — Ry.  carmen , 


259— 

260— 
261— 
262— 

263— 

264— 
266— 


conductrs. 
engineers . 


firemen 
telegraphs 
switchm’n 

267 —  Retail  clerks.. 

268 —  Stage  emplys. 

269 —  Street  Ry.  em 

270 —  Stone  cutters. 

271 —  Tailors 

Stahl — 

272 —  Coal  mining. 

273—  “ “ . 

Stanberry — 

274 —  Ry.  conductrs 

275 — “ engineers 

276 — “ firemen.. 

277 — “ trainmen 
Swanwick — 

278 —  Coal  mining . 
Thayer — 

279—  Ry 

280—  “ 


. carmen . . 
conductrs 


281 — engineers 

282 — “ firemen.. 

283 — “ trainmen 
Trenton — 

284 —  Boiler  mkrs . 

285 —  Coal  mining . 

286 —  Machinists . . . 

287 —  Ry.  carmen 

288—  “ 


conductrs 
engineers . 
firemen. . . 
laborers . . 
trainmen . 


289— 

290— 

291— 

292— 

Vandalia 

293 —  Coal  mining 
Waterloo — 

294 —  Coal  mining 
Waverly — 

295 —  Coal  mining 
Wellington — 

297 —  Coal  mining 
Windsor — 

298—  Coal  mining 


2.3 


w o 

CL’-*’ 

e 

2.3 
an?  3 


H 

0.0 


O 

CD  co 

g.3 

n" 


3 3“ 

II 


Yes . 


Yes , 


<J3  g 

CD  CD 

33 

is* 


Specific  points  covered  by 
agreements. 


100 

100 

100 


100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 


Yes 


Wages  and  hours , 


Wages  and  hours . 


Wages  and  conditions . 
“ “ hours .... 


conditions . 
hours .... 


conditions . 
hours 


100 

100 

1001 

100 

100 

lOOl 


Wages  and  hours 

“ “ working  conditions. 


CD  O' 

3$ 

CD  _ 
3 © 

p CD 


Employers 1 Liability  Commission,  1910-11. 


135 


EMPLOYERS’  LIABILITY  COMMISSION. 


LETTER  FROM  MR.  HARRY  S.  SHARPE,  ONE  OF  THE  BOARD. 

For  some  time  it  has  been  generally  known  that  Missouri’s  laws,  protect- 
ing its  toilers  in  case  of  injury;  or  the  dependents  of  a toiler  in  case  of  his 
accidental  death  while  at  work,  were  inadequate,  insufficient,  too  technical  and 
offered  too  many  openings  for  the  shifting  of  responsibility.  In  addition  too 
much  time  is  consumed  at  present  before  an  action  at  law  reaches  the  point 
where  a final  decision  is  rendered,  which  condition  makes  such  a controversy 
expensive  to  all  who  are  involved;  the  economic  waste  being  about  equally 
divided  between  the  employer  and  the  employe,  and  the  cost  of  litigation  ab- 
sorbing a large  per  cent  of  the  sums  paid  for  damages  sustained  through  in- 
juries. What  is  absolutely  necessary  is  a law  which  will  give  speedy,  full,  im- 
partial, and,  if  possible,  automatic  justice  to  all  interested  in  any  action  at  tort, 
resulting  from  injuries  (or  death)  sustained  in  due  course  of  employment. 

Governor  Herbert  S.  Hadley  took  official  notice  of  this  question  and  will 
call  the  attention  of  the  Forty-sixth  General  Assembly  to  the  matter.  He  has 
appointed  a Commission  to  look  carefully  and  closely  into  the  subject  and 
prepare  legislation  which  will  be  satisfactory  to  all.  This  Commission  con- 
sists of: 

EMPLOYERS’  LIABILITY  COMMISSION. 

From  St.  Louis — F.  W.  Lehman,  J.  Lionberger  Davis,  E. 

M.  Grossman,  Saunders  Norvell,  Thomas  E.  Kinney,  Charles  F. 

Krone,  W.  W.  Williams,  Harry  S.  Sharpe,  D.  C.  Tevis,  Mrs. 

Sadie  Spraggon. 

From  Kansas  City — Charles  A.  Sumner,  John  S.  Smith, 

Pierre  R.  Porter,  Henry  D.  Faxon. 

From  Joplin — Charles  W.  Fear,  Mercer  Arnold,  Thomas  J. 

Sheridan. 

From  St.  Joseph — A.  L.  Henderson  and  W.  K.  Amick. 

From  Jefferson  City— Elliott  W.  Major,  Attorney-General; 

Frank  Blake,  State  Superintendent  of  Insurance  and  J.  C. 

A.  Hiller,  State  Labor  Commissioner. 

From  other  cities — Holmes  Hall,  Sedalia;  Frank  W.  Mc- 
Allister, Paris;  John  T.  Barker,  LaPlata;  Roy  H.  Monier, 
Carrollton;  George  Manuel,  Moberly,  and  McLain  Jones, 
Springfield. 

A MATTER  OF  PREFERRED  LEGISLATION. 

In  the  preceding  pages,  in  the  chapter  devoted  to  “Legislation  which  is 
preferred  by  organized  labor,”  will  be  found  a copy  of  an  act  covering  the 
employers’  liability  question,  as  prepared  by  the  Labor  Legislative  Committee 
of  the  Missouri  Federation  of  Labor,  which  that  body  will  recommend  for 
passage  by  the  1911  General  Assembly. 

One  of  the  members  of  the  employers’  liability  commission,  appointed 
by  Governor  Hadley,  is  Mr.  Harry  S.  Sharpe,  who  for  several  years  has  been 
Secretary  of  Missouri’s  largest  and  one  of  its  most  progressive  Labor  organi- 
zations, Typographical  Union  No.  8 of  St.  Louis.  In  the  following  letter  he 
gives,  in  terse  form,  his  opinion  of  the  subject  under  consideration. 


136  Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


St.  Louis,  Mo.,  November  7,  1910. 
J.  C.  A.  Hiller, 

Commissioner  Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics, 
Jefferson  City,  Mo. 

Dear  Mr.  Hiller: 

Complying  with  the  request  of  your  depart- 
ment to  supply  an  expression  upon  some  sub- 
ject of  particular  interest  to  organized  labor 
and  employes  in  general  I herewith  respect- 
fully submit  the  following: 

The  necessity  of  an  employers’  liability  act 
providing  immediate  compensation  to  the  in- 
jured workman  or  to  dependents  of  the  work- 
man who  is  killed  commands  attention  and  is, 
in  fact,  receiving  the  thoughtful  consideration 
of  many  people.  What  is  wanted  .s  a law  that 
will  be  automatic  in  its  operation  and  will 
permit  the  employer  to  deal  directly  with  the 
employe  in  a manner  that  is  equitable  to  both. 
Heretofore  in  an  effort  to  effect  a settlement 
the  waste  of  time  and  loss  of  money  has  been 
felt  by  both,  and  in  the  final  analysis  neither 
has  been  satisfied. 

Some  of  our  States  have  adopted  laws  that 
seemed  at  first  to  offer  a solution  of  the  pro- 
blem, but  they  have  in  a majority  of  instances 
failed  to  stand  the  test  in  our  courts  and  the 
question  s still  an  open  one.  However,  the 
necessity  of  a solution  is  generally  admitted 
and  it  is  probable  some  plan  will  be  devised 
whereby  a fair  settlement  between  the  em- 
ployer and  the  employe  will  be  made  possible. 

Public  Will  Share  Responsibility. 

The  public  at  large  is  very  much  interested 
in  this  matter  and  is  willing  to  share  its  pro- 
portionate share  of  responsibility-  This  in 
itself  should  offer  the  best  means  of  adjustment 
because  with  the  co-operation  of  the  public,  as 
consumers,  the  business  in  which  the  employer 
and  employe  are  engaged  may  be  made  to  bear 
the  responsibility  for  loss  of  health,  life  or  limb 
sustained  by  the  workman  in  the  discharge  of 
his  industrial  occupation.  Instead  of  impos- 
ing upon  the  .workmen  assumption  of  all  risk 
in  his  given  occupation,  or  being  obliged  to 
establish  negligence  or  fault  of  the  employer  as 
a basis  of  recovery,  there  should  be  adopted  a 


code  of  procedure  based  upon  the  risk  of  the 
industry. 

During  the  past  year  Governor  Herbert  S 
Hadley,  addressing  a meeting  of  the  Missouri 
Council  of  the  National  Civic  Federation,  said: 

“There  is  great  need  for  reform  in  the  em- 
ployers’ liability  laws  of  the  State,  and  I shall 
use  my  influence  to  have  reform  adopted  at  the 
next  session  of  the  General  Assembly.  The 
plea  made  by  employers  in  damage  suits  that 
fellow-servants  of  the  injured  man  were  res- 
ponsible, and  the  plea  that  the  injured  man 
assumed  the  risk  of  injury  when  he  accepted 
employment,  must  be  made  insufficient.” 

Industry  Must  Bear  Burden. 

It  is  becoming  very  evident  that  impositions 
of  “assumption  of  risk”,  contributory  neglig- 
ence,” “fellow-servant”  responsibility,  and  re- 
cognition by  courts  of  the  validity  of  “waiving 
rights”  in  order  to  effect  a settlement  or  to 
obtain  employment  no  longer  appeals  to  right- 
thinking  men  as  being  right  and  just  in  the 
proper  protection  of  an  injured  workman’s 
dependents.  The  industry  itself  must  be  made 
to  bear  the  burden,  without  prejudice  to  the 
workman. 

At  the  last  annual  session  of  the  Missouri 
State  Federation  of  Labor,  held  in  Jefferson 
City,  during  the  month  of  September,  1910, 
Governor  Hadley  signified  his  intention  of  pro- 
moting the  creation  of  an  Employers’  Liability 
Commission  for  the  State  of  Missouri,  the  pur- 
pose of  which  will  be  to  investigate  conditions 
and  provide,  if  possible,  for  a definite  plan  of 
action  for  the  prevention  of  industrial  acci- 
dents and  enactment  of  a compensation  law 
possible  of  enforcement  without  unnecessary 
delay  when  accidents  do  occur,  and  the  Feder- 
ation was  asked  to  co-operate  in  this  move- 
ment. 

This  is  one  of  the  most  important  of  matters 
dealing  with  industrial  pursuits  and  it  is  pleas- 
ing to  note  the  attention  it  is  receiving  from 
all  sources.  The  protection  of  our  morkmen 
and  their  dependents  is  a matter  of  vital  con- 
cern to  society  generally. 

H.  S.  SHARPE. 


ORGANIZED  LABOR  ACTS. 

The  Employers’  Liability  and  Workmen  compensation  questions  received 
considerable  attention  during  the  Nineteenth  Annual  Convention  of  the  Mis- 
souri State  Federation  of  Labor  at  Jefferson  City  in  September,  1910.  On  invi- 
tation from  Governor  Hadley  that  a list  of  names  be  presented  to  him,  from 
which  he  colild  select  three  or  four  to  serve  on  the  State  Employers’  Liability 
Commission,  which  was  to  prepare  a bill  covering  this  subject,  to  be  presented 
to,  and  recommended  for  passage  by  the  next  General  Assembly,  the  following 
members  of  organized  labor  were  offered.  Harry  S.  Sharpe,  Wm.  J.  Mor- 
gan, H.  K.  Glunt,  John  T.  Smith,  Clias.  A.  Sumner,  J.  T.  Fitzpatrick,  C.  A. 
Patterson,  A.  L.  Henderson,  Karl  F.  Schweizer,  C.  B.  Williams  and  Mrs.  Sadie 
Spraggon. 

Governor  Hadley  appointed  Harry  S.  Sharpe,  Mrs.  Sadie  Spraggon,  John 
T.  Smith,  Charles  A.  Sumner  and  A.  L.  Henderson.  He  further  honored  or- 
ganized labor  by  naming,  as  other  members  of  the  Commission:  Charles  W. 


Employers’  Liability  Commission,  1910-11 


137 


Fear  of  Joplin,  Thomas  J.  Sheridan  of  Joplin,  who  was  the  1907-8  president  of 
the  Missouri  Federation  of  Labor,  and  George  Manuel  of  Moberly,  Secretary 
of  Missouri  miners'  unions. 

Labor  Commissioner  J.  C.  A.  Hiller  and  Factory  Inspector  W.  W.  Wil- 
liams, two  State  officials,  who  are  constantly  in  touch  with  the  Employment 
Liability  question  and  with  organized  labor,  were  also  appointed  members 
of  the  Commission. 

The  member  of  the  Commission  appointed  by  Governor  Hadley  received 
a letter  similar  to  the  following,  apprising  each  of  the  honor  which  had  been 
bestowed  and  which  briefly  explained  the  task  which  was  ahead,  and  made 
clear  other  points: 


EXECUTIVE  OFFICES. 

STATE  OF  MISSOURI. 

City  of  Jefferson. 

November  14,  1910. 

Hon.  J.  C.  A.  Hiller,  Labor  Commissioner, 
City  of  Jefferson  : ♦ 

My  Dear  Sir — 

I want  to  ask  you  to  serve  as  a member 
of  a Commission  I have  planned  to  ap- 
point to  investigate  the  question  of  em- 
ployers’ liability  and  workmen’s  compen- 
sation laws,  and  to  prepare  bills  upon 
this  question  which  may  be  submitted  to 
the  consideration  of  the  next  Legislature. 

In  response  to  my  request,  the  State 
Federation  of  Labor  has  recommended  a 
number  of  names  for  membership  upon 
this  Commission,  and,  in  addition  thereto, 
I have  decided  to  appoint  men  represent- 
ing the  interests  of  the  employers,  the 
general  public  and  a few  public  officials 


whose  work  has  caused  them  to  be  fami- 
liar with  this  subject. 

As  the  United  States  is  the  only  country 
that  still  adheres  to  our  system  for  the 
compensation  of  those  injured  in  indus- 
trial accidents,  and  as  a number  of  the 
leading  states  have  either  adopted  changes 
in  our  present  law,  or  have  Commissions 
investigating  the  subject,  I trust  you  will 
recognize  the  public  importance  of  this 
work  and  that  you  will  be  able  to  serve 
upon  this  Commission.  While  there  is  no 
fund  out  of  which  the  expenses  of  the 
Commission  can  now  be  paid,  the  work 
of  the  Commission  will  not  require  more 
than  two  meetings,  and  I believe  the  next 
Legislature  will  be  disposed  to  favorably 
consider  an  appropriation  to  defray  the 
expenses  incident  to  the  work  of  the 
Commission.  Very  truly  yours, 

(Signed)  H.  S.  HADLEY, 

Governor. 


CONFERENCE  CALLED. 


After  the  full  Commission  had  been  named  and  all  members  had  accepted, 
Governor  Hadley  called  a meeting  to  arrange  the  preliminaries  and  to  care 
for  other  details,  selecting  December  2,  1910,  as  the  day  and  the  Jefferson 
Hotel  in  St.  Louis  as  the  scene  of  this  initiative  assemblage.  The  following 
letter,  officially  calling  the  first  conference,  was  issued: 


u EXECUTIVE  OFFICE 

STATE  OF  MISSOURI 

City  of  Jefferson. 

November  28,  1910. 

Hon.  J.  C.  A.  Hiller,  Jefferson  City,  Mo 
Dear  Sir: 

I have  appointed  the  following  members  of 
a commission  to  investigate  the  question  of 
the  advisability  of  changes  in  our  employers’ 
liability  law  and  the  enactment  of  a workmen’s 
compensation  law,  all  of  whom  have  accepted 
the  appointment. 

Elliott  W.  Major,  Jefferson  City. 

F.  W.  McAllister.  Paris. 

Holmes  Hall,  Sedalia 

W.  W.  Williams,  St.  Louis. 

Roy  H.  Monier,  Carrollton. 

Pierre  R.  P’orter,  Kansas  City. 

Charles  W.  Fear,  Joplin. 

J.  Lionberger  Davis,  St.  Louis. 


John  T.  Barker,  LaPlata. 

Harry  S.  Sharpe,  St.  Louis. 

John  T.  Smith,  Kansas  City. 

A.  L.  Henderson,  St.  Joseph. 

Mrs.  Sadie  Spraggon,  St  Louis. 
W.  K.  Amick,  St.  Joseph. 

Mercer  Arnold,  Joplin. 

Henry  D.  Faxon,  Kansas  City. 
Frank  Blake,  Jefferson  City. 

F.  W.  Lehmann,  St.  Louis. 
Thomas  E.  Kinney,  St.  Louis. 

E.  M.  Grossman,  St.  Louis. 
McLain  Jones,  Springfield. 

D.  C.  Tevis,  St.  Louis. 

Charles  F,  Krone,  St.  Louis. 
Saunders  Norvell,  St.  Louis. 
George  Manuel,  Moberly. 

Thomas  J.  Sheridan,  Joplin. 
Charles  A.  Sumner,  Kansas  City. 
J.  C.  A.  Hiller,  Jefferson  City. 


138 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


give  to  the  members  of  the  commission  such 
information  as  I have  upon  the  subject  and 
such  suggestions  as  I may  have  to  offer  for 
their  consideration.  I trust  you  will  find  it 
convenient  to  be  present. 

Very  truly  Yours, 
HERBERT  S.  HADLEY, 
Governor. 

INITIAL  ASSEMBLAGE. 

The  first  meeting  of  the  Commission  was  held  on  the  day  selected  for  that 
purpose,  in  the  Jefferson  Hotel  at  St.  Louis,  with  Governor  Hadley  presiding. 
J.  Lionberger  Davis  was  made  Secretary.  The  duties  of  the  body  were  aug- 
mented by  adding,  for  consideration,  the  questions  of  child  labor,  factory  in- 
spection and  women’s  labor,  and  it  was  decided  to  consider  and  propose 
proper  legislation  covering  these  additional  important  matters.  Committees 
were  appointed  between  whom  the  work  which  is  ahead  was  divided.  The 
minutes  of  this  conference,  in  brief,  as  prepared  by  Secretary  Davis,  are: 


In  order  that  this  commission  can  make 
such  progress  in  its  work  as  to  submit  recom- 
mendations to  the  next  Legislature,  it  is  neces- 
sary that  a meeting  should  be  held  at  the  earliest 
possible  date.  For  this  reason,  I have  des- 
signated  Friday,  December  2,  1910,  for  a meet- 
ing, at  the  Jefferson  Hotel,  Saint  Louis,  at  10 
o’clock  a.  m 

I shall  expect  to  be  present  at  that  time  and  j 


MINUTES  OF  THE  FIRST  MEETING. 


St.  Louis,  Mo.,  Dec.  2,  1910. 
The  first  meeting  of  the  Missouri  Commission 
appointed  by  Governor  Hadley  to  investigate 
the  question  of  Employer’s  Liability  and  Work- 
men’s Compensation  was  held  at  the  Jefferson 
Hotel,  St.  Louis,  on  the  morning  of  December  2, 
1910.  The  meeting  was  called  to  order  by 
Governor  Hadley,  who  made  a statement  of 
the  purpose  for  which  he  had  named  the  Com- 
mission and  then  outlined  the  work  being 
done  in  other  States  and  the  proposed  work 
of  this  Commission. 

The  following  members  of  the  Commission 
were  present,  Messrs: 

John  T.  Barker,  LaPlata. 

John  T.  Smith,  Labor  Temple,  Kansas  City. 

J.  Lionberger  Davis,  Merchants-Laclede  Bldg., 
St.  Louis. 

E.  M.  Grossman,  Rialto  Bldg.,  St.  Louis. 

Henry  D.  Flaxon,  8th  & Broadway,  Kansas 
City 

Mercer  Arnold,  Miners’  Bank  Bldg.,  Joplin. 

J.  C.  A.  Hiller,  813£  Chestnut  St.,  St.  Louis. 
Pierre  R.  Porter,  Scarritt  Bldg.,  Kansas  City. 
Harry  S.  Sharpe,  Burlington  Bldg.,  St.  Louis. 
Chas.  F.  Krone,  Wainwright  Bldg.,  St.  Louis. 
Thos.  E.  Kinney,  Pine  St.,  St.  Louis. 

Watt  W.  Williams,  Fpllerton  Bldg.,  St.  Louis. 
Holmes  Hall,  3rd  & Ohio  Sts.,  Sedalia. 

McLain  Jones,  Springfield. 

Roy  H.  Monier,  Carrollton. 

Mrs.  Sadie  Spraggon,  Fraternal  Bldg.  St.  Louis. 

After  those  present  had  informally  discussed 
the  general  features  of  the  question,  it  was 
duly  moved  and  carried  that  Governor  Hadley 
appoint  a Committee  on  Organization.  There- 
upon the  following  Committee  was  named: 

John  T.  Smith,  E.  M.  Grossman  and  Roy 
H.  Monier. 

Before  the  Committee  on  Organization  be- 
gan its  work,  Governor  Hadley  announced 
that  he  had  decided  to  include  in  the  work  and 
within  the  scope  of  the  commission  the  con-  I 
sideration  of  questions  relating  to  Child  Labor,  j 
Women’s  Labor  Laws  and  Factory  Inspection,  j 


A recess  was  taken  at  noon  until  two  o’clock 
when  the  Committee  on  Organization  report- 
ed as  follows: 

The  Committee  on  Organization  submit 
the  following  report: 

“For  officers  of  the  Workmen’s  Compensation 
and  Employer’s  Liability  Commission: 

Hon.  John  T.  Barker,  President. 

Hon.  John  T.  Smith,  Vice-President. 

J.  Lionberger  Davis,  Secretary. 

E.  M.  Grossman,  Assistant  Secretary. 

“That  all  members  leave  their  address  with 
the  Secretary  before  leaving  the  meeting. 

“That  a Committee  on  Factory  Inspection, 
Child  Labor  and  Woman  Labor  consist  of  the 
members  of  the  Commission  living  in  St.  Louis 
and  the  Hon.  J.  C.  A.  Hiller. 

“That  a Committee  on  Employers’  Liability 
and  Workmen’s  Compensation  be  composed  of 
Hon.  Frank  Blake,  Mercer  Arnold,  Elliott  W. 
Major,  Chas.  A.  Sumner,  Pierre  R.  Porter,  F. 
W.  McAllister,  W.  S.  Blenehassett  and  Roy  H. 
Monier. 

“That  Mr.  Davis  be  a member  and  the  Secre- 
tary of  the  latter  Committee  and  Mr.  Gross- 
man  of  the  former 

“Time  and  place  of  next  meeting  to  be  left 
in  hands  of  the  Chairman.” 

(Signed)  JOHN  T.  SMITH. 

E.  M.  GROSSMAN. 

ROY  H.  MONIER.” 

Upon  motion  duly  made  and  seconded  the 
report  was  adopted. 

After  a further  discussion  which  was  par- 
ticipated in  by  all  present,  the  Secretary  was 
instructed  to  correspond  with  the  proper  persons 
in  other  States  for  the  purpose  of  securing  from 
all  them  reports  and  other  data  relating  to  the 
I subjects  under  discussion  for  the  use  of  the 
Commission. 

Thereupon  the  meeting  was  adjourned  sub- 
ject to  the  call  of  the  President. 

J.  LIONBERGER  DAVIS, 
Sectetary 


Convention,  Missouri  Federation,  1910. 


139 


MISSOURI  STATE  FEDERATION  OF  LABOR. 

1910-11. 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  NINETEENTH  ANNUAL  CONVENTION. 

The  Nineteenth  Annual  Convention  of  the  Missouri  State  Fed- 
Owen  Miller  eration  of  Labor  was  held  in  Jefferson  City  September  19,  20, 
Presided.  21  and  22,  1910.  It  was  called  to  order  in  the  Public  Library 
by  the  President,  Hon.  Owen  Miller,  of  St.  Louis.  The  visit- 
ing delegates  were  welcomed  by  F.  H.  Luetkewitte,  President  of  the  Jefferson 
City  Central  Labor  Union,  Mayor  J.  F.  Heinrichs  and  Mr.  F.  H.  Binder,  Pres- 
ident of  the  Commercial  Club. 

F.  H.  Luetkewitte  was  appointed  sergeant-at-arms  of  the  convention,  and 
Anton  Blume,  assistant.'  Joseph  R.  Franklin  of  Kansas  City  was  named  as- 
sistant to  Secretary  John  T.  Smith.  The  following  committees  were  named: 


Convention  Committees: 


Committee  on  Credentials:  J.  J.  Huckett,  Kansas  City; 
Geo.  Luce,  Jefferson  City:  Herman  Steckling,  Kansas  City; 
Anton  Meyer,  St.  Louis;  F.  R.  Howard,  Kansas  City. 

Committee  on  Rules  and  Order  of  Business:  J.  W.  La- 
Fever,  St.  Louis;  Chas.  A.  Patterson,  Joplin;  Chas.  W.  Snyder, 
Kansas  City;  Henry  Smith,  Moberly;  Fred.  W.  Darr,  Spring- 
field. 

Committee  on  Officers’  Reports:  Chas.  W.  Fear,  Joplin; 
Wm.  Schillig,  St.  Louis;  John  E.  Murphy,  St.  Joseph;  Julius  H. 
Cronin,  Hannibal;  John  D.  Lucas,  Joplin. 

Committee  on  Strikes:  R.  H.  Gardner,  Springfield;  Wm. 
White,  Joplin;  Chas.  Chumley,  Springfield;  C.  F.  Leedom,  Mo- 
berly; Jos.  Gallagher,  Kansas  City. 

Committee  on  Resolutions:  Collis  Lovely,  St.  Louis; 
Harry  Sharpe,  St.  Louis;  E.  T.  Behrens,  Sedalia;  Geo.  Manuel, 
Moberly;  Ford  Allen,  Kansas  City. 

Committee  on  Constitution  and  Laws:  Chas.  Hertenstein, 
St.  Louis;  Chas.  Sumner,  Kansas  City;  Emil  Mueller,  St.  Louis; 
Robert  Brown,  Kansas  City;  Austin  W.  Biggs,  St.  Louis. 

Committee  on  Organization:  James  Bucher,  Moberly;  J. 
D.  Fitzpatrick,  Kansas  City;  James  Morrow,  St.  Louis;  Elmer 
Baker,  Kansas  City;  Percy  Pepoon,  St.  Louis. 

Boycotts  and  Labels:  Mrs.  Sadie  Spraggon,  St.  Louis; 
D.  G.  Biggs,  St.  Louis;  Mrs.  A.  Smith,  St.  Louis;  M.  R.  Yelie, 
Moberly;  Frank  Engleking,  Springfield. 

Committee  on  Legislation:  John  J.  Pfeiffer,  Kansas  City; 
George  Cook,  St.  Joseph;  J.  F.  Altheide,  St.  Louis;  Robert 
Mohr,  Jefferson  City;  Karl  F.  Schweizer,  Kansas  City. 


Committee  on  Credentials  reported  that  115  delegates  were 
entitled  to  seats  in  the  convention.  They  were  as  follows: 


JEFFERSON  CITY. 

Russell  H.  Cook,  Bartenders. 

Robert  Mohr,  Bookbinders,  No.  111. 

George  Luce,  Barbers. 

Anton  Blume,  Musicians,  No.  217. 

W.  R.  Cook,  Central  Labor  Union. 

F.  H.  Luetkewitte,  Central  Labor  Union. 
Martin  C.  Loesch,  Printing  Pressmen,  No.  184. 


JOPLIN. 

J.  A.  Harlow,  Building  Laborers,  No.  168. 
J.  D.  Lucas,  Brewery  Workers,  No.  193. 
Wm.  White.  Bartenders. 

Jos.  A.  Dorrizzi,  Bartenders. 

Chas.  W.  Fear,  Trades  Assembly. 

Chas.  A.  Patterson,  Trades  Assembly. 

W.  C.  Baner,  Trades  Assembly. 

Chas.  Minor,  Stage  Employes,  No.  176. 


140 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


KANSAS’  CITY. 

W.  W.  Stotts,-  Allied  Printing  Trades. 

Herman  Steckling,  Bakers,  No.  218. 

Louis  D.  Tolle,  Box  Makers. 

F.  R.  Howard,  Bartenders,  No.  420. 

E.  L.  Hiles,  Bartenders,  No.  420. 

James  Anderson,  Bartenders,  No.  420. 

Herman  Friess,  Bartenders,  No.  420. 

Jno.  C.  Yoorkees,  Bartenders,  No.  420. 

Wm.  Brandt,  Brewers  and  Malsters,  No.  46. 
Chas.  W.  Snyder,  Beer  Drivers,  No.  100. 

A.  Hogan,  Beer  Bottlers,  No.  169. 

L.  Middlestaff,  Beer  Bottlers,  No.  169. 

Jos.  R.  Franklin,  Cooks,  No.  266. 

John  T.  Smith,  Cigarmakers,  No.  102. 

Joseph  Gallagher,  Industrial  Council. 

J.  T.  Fitzpatrick,  Industrial  Council. 

Robert  Brown,  Industrial  Council. 

John  J.  Pfeiffer,  Leather  Workers,  No.  1. 

J.  L.  Bingham,  Painters,  No.  4. 

J.  J.  Huckett,  Painters,  No.  4. 

W.  J.  Morgan,  Steam  Engineers,  No.  6. 

Chas.  A.  Sumner,  Stereotypers,  No.  6. 

Ford  A.  Allen,  Typographical,  No.  80. 

Henry  Fratcher. 

Frank  Millard. 

Elmer  Baker,  Tailors,  No.  64. 

Robert  McNary,  Waiters  and  Waitresses,  No.  19. 
Karl  F.  Schweizer,  Machinists,  No.  92. 

L.  E.  Bass,  Carpenters,  No.  4. 

SEDALIA. 

O.  C.  Palmer,  Barbers,  No.  259. 

W.  H.  Brown,  Bartenders,  No.  832. 

E.  T.  Behrens,  Federation  of  Labor. 

Samuel  S.  McEwen,  Typographical,  No.  206. 

ST.  JOSEPH. 

G.  T.  Miles,  Bartenders,  No.  422. 

George  Cook,  Street  Railway  Employes, 
No.  326. 

John  E.  Murphy,  Typographical,  No.  40. 

C.  T.  Strop,  Carpenters,  No.  110. 

A.  L.  Henderson,  Carpenters,  No.  110. 

J.  A.  Bullock,  Carpenters,  No.  110. 

ST.  LOUIS. 

Owen  Miller,  Musicians. 

Anton  Mayer,  Bartenders,  No.  51. 

Mamie  C.  Bird,  Boot  and  Shoe  Workers  No.  338 
Collis  Lovely,  Boot  and  Shoe  Workers,  No.  25. 
Emile  J.  Mueller,  Beer  Drivers,  No.  43. 

John  Sweeney,  Beer  Drivers,  No.  43. 

A.  P.  Sovey,  Bookbinders,  No.  18. 

Wm.  Schillig,  Central  Labor  Union. 

G.  W.  Kumming,  Central  Labor  Union. 

Mrs.  Sadie  Spraggon,  Central  Labor  Union. 
James  Morrow,  Cigarmakers,  No.  44. 

J.  F.  W.  Altheide,  Cigarmakers,  No.  44. 


Robert  Poenack,  Cigarmakers,  No.  44. 

J.  C.  McCormick,  Molders,  No.  10. 

Fred  Clifton,  Metal  Polishers,  No.  13. 

John  W.  LaFever,  Railway  Telegraphers,  No.  2 
W.  L.  Wilmarth,  No.  31. 

Wm.  Murphy,  Railway  Telegraphers,  No.  2. 
Frank  Mearra,  Steam  Fitters,  No.  29. 

D.  G.  Biggs,  Tailors,  No.  11. 

Austin  W.  Biggs,  Typographical,  No.  8 
Percy  Pepoon,  Typographical,  No.  8. 

Mrs.  A.  May  Smith,  Typographical,  No.  8. 
C.'Ed.  Clark,  Typographical,  No.  8. 

Richard  C.  Cowlishaw,  Typographical  No.  8. 
Charles  Hertenstein,  Typographical,  No.  8. 
Harry  S;  Sharpe,  Typographical,  No.  8. 

Thos.  M.  Smart,  Glass  Bottle  Blowers,  No.  5. 
James  Delmore,  Internationa]  Iron  Moulders 
Union,  No.  59. 

Edw.  Gelson,  International  Iron  Moulders 
Union,  No.  426. 

HANNIBAL. 

M.  R.  Velie,  Carpenters,  No.  607. 

Theo.  A.  Ross,  Metal  Polishers. 

A.  H.  Richmond,  Typographical,  No.  88. 

B.  F.  Brown,  Trades  and  Labor  Assembly. 
Julius  H.  Cronin. 

W.  E.  Smith. 

MOBERLY. 

James  Bucher,  Bartenders. 

Henry  Smith,  Painters,  No.  656. 

C.  B.  Dysart,  Trades  and  Labor  Assembly. 

C.  F.  Leedom. 

Chas.  B.  Williams. 

Chas.  Batley,  Miners  District  Council  No.  25. 
George  Manuel. 

Harry  Beresford. 

SPRINGFIELD. 

W.  B.  Hindman,  Bartenders,  No.  461. 

Fred  W.  Darr,  Barbers,  No.  191. 

Frank  Engelking,  Cigarmakers,  No.  23. 

R.  T.  Wood,  Labor  Assembly. 

Chas.  Chumley,  Labor  Assembly. 

U.  W.  Sargent,  Labor  Assembly. 

G.  A.  Bain,  Machinists,  No.  233. 

R.  H.  Gardner,  Machinists,  No.  233: 

Henry  Hollerman,  Molders,  No.  296. 

Harry  K.  Glunt,  Machinists,  No.  17. 

Chas.  Daily,  Painters,  No.  375. 

A.  L.  Dawson,  Typographical,  No.  158. 

FRATERNAL  DELEGATES. 

Nellie  A.  Quick,  Woman’s  Trades  Union  League. 
Miss  Maggie  Meara,  Woman’s  Trade  Union 
League. 

Mrs.  C.  I.  Kneffler,  Woman’s  Trade  Union 
League,  St.  Louis. 

B.  C.  Marling,  Arkansas  Federation  of  Labor. 

W.  S.  Watson,  Kansas  Federation  of  Labor. 


PROGRESS  OF  A YEAR. 

President  Miller  reported  on  happenings,  progress,  accomplishments  and 
developments  of  organized  labor  since  the  convention  at  Joplin  a year  ago. 
Among  the  important  features  of  his  report  are  the  following  matters,  which 
are  of  State-wide  interest: 


Convention,  Missouri  Federation,  1910. 


141 


REPORT  OF  HON.  OWEN. MILLER. 


One  of  the  most  important  matters  that 
occurred  during  my  term  of  office  was  attend- 
ing the  National  Conference  on  Uniform  State 
Legislation,  called  by  the  National  Civic  Feder- 
ation to  meet  at  Washington,  January  17th, 
18th  and  19th.  Gov.  Hadley  appointed  me 
delegate  to  this  convention,  and  also  to  the 
National  Conference  on  Workmen’s  Com- 
pensation for  Industrial  Accidents,  which  was 
held  January  20th,  also  in  the  city  of  Wash- 
ington. The  convention  on  Uniform  State 
Legislation  was  attended  by  some  of  the  most 
prominent  men  in  the  country,  and  the  dis- 
cussions were  most  instructive  and  interesting. 
Great  emphasis  was  given  to  a movement  to 
secure  uniform  legislation  on  Conservation  of 
Natural  Resources,  Regulation  of  Interstate 
Railways  and  Quasi-Public  Utilities,  Control 
of  Corporations,  Life  Insurance,  Fire  Insurance, 
Banking  Taxation,  Automobile  Regulations, 
Road  Building,  Vital  Statistics,  Public  Health, 
Safeguarding  Dangerous  Machinery,  Factory 
and  Mine  Inspection,  Compensation  for  Acci- 
dents, Convict-Made  Products,  Pure  Food 
Regulations,  Discriminations  Against  Married 
Women  as  to  the  Control  of  Their  Children 
and  the  Holding  of  Property,  Uniform  Medical 
Practice  Act,  Factory  Inspection,  Uniform 
Dairy  Laws,  Uniform  Nonsupport  Law,  Uni- 
form Procedure  in  the  Courts,  Uniform  Oil 
Inspection,  Uniformity  in  Laws  Governing 
Commercial  Transactions,  Uniformity  in  Regu- 
lating Sale  of  Habit-Forming  Drugs  and  Uni- 
formity in  Primary  and  Election  Laws. 

Uniform  Legislation  Commission. 

A committee,  composed  of  the  representa- 
tives of  each  State  represented  in  the  conven- 
tion, was  appointed  to  take  up  all  matters  of 
legislation  upon  the  questions  involved  in  the 
above  program.  Judge  Seldon  P.  Spencer  of 
St.  Louis  was  appointed  for  Missouri.  The 
movement  will  undoubtedly  result  in  some 
good  in  securing  uniform  legislation  so  as  to  pre- 
vent the  annoyances  we  are  now  subject  to,  on 
account  of  the  difference  of  laws  in  the  various 
States. 

The  Conference  on  Workmen’s  Compensation 
for  Industrial  Accidents  I consider  of  more 
importance  than  the  Uniform  State  Legislation 
Conference.  This  conference  was  presided  over  by 
Labor  Commissioner  Neil.  I found  that  in  Wis- 
consin, Minnesota  and  Indiana  commissions  had 
been  created  and  had  in  some  instances  secured 
legislation  from  the  State.  Since  the  adjourn- 
ment of  this  convention  such  a commission 
has  been  formed  in  the  State  of  Illinois.  But 
the  fact  that  stood  out  most  prominent  after  all 
was  that  whenever  such  legislation  was  secured, 
it  was  invariably  declared  unconstitutional 
by  the  courts.  Every  one  of  these  commissions 
had  on  its  roster  a number  of  eminent  attorneys. 
But  it  does  not  seem  that  they  could  draft  a 
law  to  satisfy  the  courts;  therefore,  it  strikes 
me,  that  before  we  can  hope  to  get  any  satis- 
faction through  legislation,  not  only  in  the  way 


of  compensating  workmen  for  injuries  or  death, 
but  for  all  other  improvements  we  are  asking 
for,  we  will  first  have  to  reform  our  judicial 
system.  In  my  mind  the  matter  that  is  most 
important  is  for  uniform  action  all  over  the 
United  States  of  Ameiica  by  the  people  to 
resist  the  encoachment  of  the  judicary. 

Will  of  the  People  Set  Aside. 

I was  taught  like  all  other  children  that  lived 
in  my  generation,  reverence  for  the  courts,  but 
the  action  of  the  courts  in  the  United  States, 
both  Federal  and  State,  in  the  last  ten  years, 
has  entirely  dissolutioned  my  mind  as  to  the 
sacredness  of  our  courts.  I realize  more  and 
more  every  day  that  judges  are  but  human, 
and  very  often  their  judgement  is  biased  by 
prejudice,  and  the  decisions  made,  more  par- 
ticularly those  affecting  wage  earners,  are  un- 
just. Thomas  Jefferson,  one  hundred  years 
ago,  prognosticated  the  encroachments  of  the 
Federal  Judiciary,  and  every  word  he  uttered 
has  come  true  to  the  letter.  Federal  judges 
presume  to  set  aside  the  will  of  the  people  of  a 
state,  and  interfere  in  industrial  disputes,  and 
they  have  giadually  assumed  to  be  both  law- 
makers and  judges.  The  Constitution  of  the 
United  States  never  intended  that  judges 
should  be  clothed  with  the  power  that  they 
have  gradually  grasped  within  the  last  ten 
years,  and  unless  the  people  of  this  country  are 
aroused  to  the  encroachments  of  the  judiciary 
in  time  to  put  a stop  to  it,  the  liberties  of  the 
people  of  the  United  States  will  be  a thing  of 
the  past.  I was  particularly  struck  with  this 
absolute  fact  on  hearing  the  debates  in  the 
Conference  on  Workmen’s  Compensation  for 
Industrial  Accidents  in  Washington.  Every 
delegate  who  spoke  on  the  question  made  the 
same  statement  as  to  the  courts  setting  aside 
any  law  passed  looking  to  real  justice  to  the 
working  men.  There  has  been  no  improve- 
ment since  that  conference  was  held.  These 
criticisms  were  not  confined  to  delegates  rep- 
resenting labor  organizations,  but  many  of 
them  came  from  the  most  prominent  lawyers 
of  the  country. 

Of  World  Wide  Interest. 

The  question  of  such  compensation  is  one 
of  world-wide  interest.  Even  Spain  has  taken 
up  the  subject,  and  Consul-General  Hill,  with 
headquarters  at  Barcelona,  has  some  very 
interesting  things  to  say  in  a recent  report,  hav- 
ing to  do  with  and  dealing  on  indemnity  for 
workmen  injured  on  the  industries  summarized 
in  his  report  to  the  National  Bureau  of  Manu- 
factures at  Washington.  In  this  report  Consul- 
General  Hill  states  that  the  law  is  satisfactory 
to  all  classes,  and  there  is  very  little  litigation 
over  the  payment  of  indemnities. 

The  industries  covered  by  the  Spanish  law 
includes  all  kinds  of  industrial  establishments, 
where  other  than  hand  work  prevails,  This 
list  is  made  up  of  mines  and  quarries,  metal- 


142 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


lurgical  works,  land  and  naval  construction, 
building  trades,  including  carpentry,  masonry 
etc.,  and  in  fact  every  known  crafts  which  in 
eludes  the  use  of  machinery  by  the  workman. 

The  law  gives  to  the  employes  a right  of 
indemnification  for  partial  or  complete  inca- 
pacity arising  from  injuries  incurred.  In  case 
of  temporary  incapacity,  the  employer  is  com- 
pelled to  pay  an  indemnity  equal  to  one-half 
the  daily  wage  of  the  employe.  If,  after  one 
year,  the  incapacity  continues,  the  employer 
must  pay  the  workman  an  amount  equal  to 
two  years’  salary;  in  case  injury  is  not  com- 
plete and  the  workman  is  able  to  do  light 
work,  pay  only  eighteen  months’  salary. 


[ Years’  Indemnity  for  Temporary  Inca- 
pacity, 

Whenever  a case  of  temporary  incapacity 
occurs,  the  employer  may  give  a workman 
employment  of  a lighter  nature,  or  a years’ 
indemnity.  The  employer  is  also  liable  for 
all  drugs,  medicines  and  hospital  bills.  In  case 
of  death  the  employer  pays  burial  exoenses; 
also,  an  indemnity  to  the  widow  and  orphan 
children  or  other  relatives,  according  to  a fixed 
scale. 

Consul-General  Hill  also  states  that  the  pay- 
ment of  indemnities  has  had  no  effect  on  wages 
paid,  and  that  the  present  law  appears  to  be 
satisfactory  to  all  parties  concerned. 


PROPOSED  UNIFORM  LEGISLATION. 


(Report  of  Hon.  Owen  Miller — Continued.) 

THE  PLAN  OF  A WORKMAN’S  COMPENSATION  BILL  UNDER  CONSIDERATION 
BY  THE  COMMISSION,  THE  MAIN  PURPOSES  OF  WHICH  SHALL  BE: 

(1)  To  provide  compensation  for  losses  by  reason  of  industrial  accidents, 
resulting-  in  death  or  incapacity  to  employes,  regardless  of  any  question  of  negli- 
gence or  fault,  except  in  cases  of  serious  or  willful  misconduct  of  the  employe. 

(2)  To  make  the  law  compulsory  in  form,  but  elective  in  fact,  providing  in 
the  first  instance  that  the  employer  shall  pay  the  compensation,  according  to 
the  scale  set  forth  in  the  act,  but  reserving  to  both  employer  and  employe  their 
common  law  remedies,  including  trial  by  jury,  providing,  however,  as  to  the 
employer  that  if  he  refuses  to  pay  the  compensation  according  to  the  scale  pro- 
vided, and  forces  the  employe  to  his  action  at  the  common  law,  he  shall  not 
escape  liability  by  reason  of  either  (1)  the  fellow  servant  rule,  (2)  the  assump- 
tion of  the  risk,  or  (3)  the  contributory  negligence  of  the  employe,  unless  his 
negligence  be  greater  than  that  of  the  employer,  in  which  event  the  damages 
shall  be  apportioned  according  to  the  relative  degree  of  negligence,  and  the 
burden  of  proof  shall  be  upon  the  employer;  and  providing  as  to  the  employe 
that  he  shall  be  presumed  to  have  accepted  the  compensation  law,  and  any 
acceptance  by  him  of  compensation  under  the  proposed  law,  except  necessary 
medical  and  surgical  attention,  shall  bar  the  right  of  action  at  common  law, 
and  the  beginning  of  any  action  at  law  shall  bar  his  right  to  compensation  under 
the  proposed  law,  except  in  the  case  of  willful  negligence  of  the  employer  or  his 
failure  to  comply  with  statutory  or  municipal  safety  regulations;  these  two 
limitations  upon  the  rights  of  the  respective  parties  being  imposed  for  the  pur- 
pose of  inducing  them  both  to  accept  the  compensation  law,  and  to  refrain  from 
using  the  present  unsatisfactory  methods  of  settling  claims  for  personal  injury. 

(3)  To  provide  a scale  of  compensation  as  follows: 

(a)  Death:  Where  there  are  dependents,  three  years’  wrages,  but  not  less  than 
$1,500  nor  more  than  $3,000.  Where  there  are  no  dependents,  a sum  not  to 
exceed  $200 

(b)  Permanent  disability:  A pension  on  the  basis  of  50%  of  the  earnings  of  the 
employe,  to  be  paid  as  long  as  the  disability  lasts,  or  until  the  compensation 
or  pension  paid,  equals  the  amount  of  four  years’  wages,  such  pension  to 
commence  after  two  weeks’  disability.  W^here  the  disability  is  permanent, 
but  only  partial,  the  percentage  of  compensation  or  pension  to  be  reduced  in 
proportion  to  the  reduction  in  earning  capacity. 

(c)  Temporary  disability:  When  such  disability  is  determined  to  have  existed 
in  a bona  fide  form  for  two  weeks  or  more,  then  compensation  to  be  awarded 
from  the  day  the  employe  left  work,  on  the  basis  of  50%  of  the  earnings,  to 
be  paid  as  long  as  the  disability  lasts;  all  cases  of  disability  to  be  determined 
by  physician  of  employer,  or,  by  consultation,  if  employe  desires,  of  the 
employer’s  physician  with  one  to  be  engaged  by  the  employe,  and  if  these 
two  cannot  agree  upon  the  nature  and  probable  duration  of  the  injury,  then 
a third  to  be  called  in;  the  decision  of  the  physicians  to  be  used  as  a basis 
for  computing  the  compensation  due,  such  examinations  to  be  made  at  sub- 


Convention , Missouri  Federation , 1910. 


143 


sequent  times,  for  the  purpose  of  reconsidering  the  question,  if  circumstances 
seem  to  require  it. 

(d)  Minors,  in  case  of  permanent  disability,  to  be  paid  compensation  as  above, 
on  basis  of  50%  of  the  earnings  of  adults,  in  the  same  line  of  employment; 
in  case  of  temporary  disability,  when  they  have  dependents,  to  be  paid  com- 
pensation as  long  as  it  lasts  as  above,  on  basis  of  50%  of  the  earnings  of 
adults  in  the  same  line  of  employment,  provided  that  the  compensation  paid 
shall  not  exceed  the  full  weekly  pay;  when  they  have  no  dependents,  on  basis 
of  50%  of  their  own  earnings. 

(4)  Disputes  arising  under  the  compensation  law  to  be  settled  by  agreement 
of  the  parties,  or  arbitration,  and  confirmed  by  a court  of  proper  jurisdiction. 

(5)  Claims  of  employes,  under  the  law  shall  be  preferred,  same  as  wage 
claims  are  now  preferred  under  the  law,  and  shall  take  precedence  of  other  wage 
claims  of  other  employes  not  injured. 

(6)  Reasonable  notice  of  claims  shall  be  given  to  employer,  but  failure  to 
comply  strictly  with  statute,  in  regard  to  details,  not  to  be  fatal  to  the  right  to 
compensation  unless  the  employer  can  show  that  he  has  been  unduly  prejudiced  by 
such  failure. 

(7)  Report  to  be  made  by  employer,  of  all  cases  of  injury  for  which  compen- 
sation has  been  or  is  being  paid,  to  the  State  Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics. 

(8)  The  compensation  to  be  paid  in  installments,  conforming  to  the  manner  of 
payment  of  wages  while  the  employe  was  at  work,  except  the  employe  or  person 
entitled  to  benefits  may  petition  county  or  probate  court  for  leave  to  have  it  paid 
in  a lump  sum,  and  if  proper  showing  is  made,  court  may  order  amount  of  com- 
pensation due  paid  in  lump  sum. 

(9)  The  proposed  law  to  apply  to  all  employers  of  labor,  who  have  more 
than  five  persons  employed  at  one  time. 


OTHER  CONFERENCES. 

(Report  of  Hon.  Owen  Miller— continued. ) 


The  Child  Labor  Conference  was  held  at  I 
Memphis,  Tenn.,  April,  1910.  The  executive 
board  sent  Mr.  J.  W.  LaFever. 

Secretary  J.  T.  Smith  attended  the  Labor 
Legislative  League  held  in  Chicago,  June  10th, 
and  11,  1910. 

I attended  the  National  Conference  of  Chari- 
ties held  in  St.  Louis,  May  19th,  1910.  The 
most  of  the  time  of  this  Conference  was  taken 
up  by  the  reading  of  prepared  papers.  All  of 
which  were  good,  but  it  is  improbable  that  any 
of  them  will  be  carried  into  successful  operation. 

I was  somewhat  surprised  to  find  that  the 
Treasurer  of  this  organization  was  the  attorney 
of  a number  of  contractors  interested  in  the 
manufacture  of  prison-made  goods.  With 
a little  endeavor  among  the  delegates  to  the  I 
convention,  we  succeeded  in  preventing  the 
re-election  of  this  man  to  this  important  posi- 
tion. 

There  was  no  -session  of  the  Missouri  Legis- 
lature during  the  winter,  but  there  will  be  a 
session  commencing  January,  1911.  If  we 
desire  good  results,  I would  suggest  that  pro- 


I visions  be  made  for  such  change  in  our  presen 
system  of  taking  care  of  the  Legislative  Com 
I mittee  as  to  insure  their  stay  in  Jefferson  City 
during  all  the  time  of  the  sessions  of  the  Legis- 
lature. On  the  subject  of  legislation,  I desire 
to  call  the  attention  of  the  Convention  to  the 
importance  of  the  legislative  committee,  and 
to  point  out  that  much  of  the  legislation  that 
we  ask  for  effects  women  and  children;  there- 
fore, I believe  it  to  be  a wise  policy  to  select  a 
woman  as  a member  of  this  committee. 

During  the  year  I made  an  effort  to  organize 
the  street  car  men  in  the  city  of  St.  Louis,  and 
have  placed  a charter  in  the  jurisdiction  of  St. 
Louis,  and  believe  when  the  proper  time  comes, 
the  street  car  men  will  be  thoroughly  organized. 
Just  as  soon  as  the  company  discovered  that  a 
effort  was  being  made  to  organize  their  men, 
they  threw  every  possible  obstacle  in  the  way 
and  resorted  to  means  that  are  only  premitted 
to  be  done  by  powerful  corporations.  It 
would  not  be  wise  to  say  anything  further  upon 
this  subject  just  now. 


CONVICT  LABOR  QUESTION. 

President  Miller’s  report  touches  on  a protest  on  the  part  of  a committee 
composed  of  himself  and  David  Kreyling,  in  connection  with  convict  labor  at 
the  penitentiary,  against  the  leasing  out  to  contractors  of  such  prison  toilers 
for  less  than  a dollar  a day,  for  each;  and  demanding  that  the  new  contracts  be 
so  warded  that  their  limitation  would  be  July  i,  1911.  Some  correspondence 
in  connection  with  this  question  was  produced.  It  is  mentioned  that  the  con- 
tracts which  were  made  only  call  for  70  cents  a day  per  convict,  and  that  the 
period  covered  is  for  four  years,  dating  from  February  1,  1910. 


144 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics,  1910. 


REPORT  OF  STATE  SECRETARY. 

1910. 


MISSOURI  FEDERATION  OF  LABOR. 

The  report  of  the  Secretary-Treasurer,  John  T.  Smith  of  Kansas  City,  re- 
vealed that  the  following  labor  bodies  had  affiliated  themselves  with  the  Missouri 
State  Federation  since  the  Joplin  convention:  Journeymen  Horseshoers  No. 
18,  Kansas  City;  Bridge  and  Structural  Iron  Workers  No.  io,  Kansas  City; 
Cooks  and  Pastry  Cooks  No.  203,  St.  Louis;  Cooks  and  Waiters’  Alliance  No. 
510,  St.  Joseph;  Machinists  No.  92,  Kansas  City;  Blacksmiths  and  Helpers  No. 
433,  Springfield;  Building  Laborers  No.  168,  Joplin;  Machinists  No.  233,  Spring- 
field;  Bookbinders  No.  111,  Jefferson  City;  Brewery  Engineers  No.  246,  St. 
Louis;  Bartenders  No.  652,  Moberly;  Theatrical  Stage  Employes  No.  176, 
Joplin;  Typographical  Union  No.  119,  Jefferson  City;  Printing  Pressmen  No. 
184,  Jefferson  City;  Bookbinders  No.  60,  Kansas  City;  Bartenders  No.  827, 
Joplin;  Journeymen  Tailors  No.  11,  St.  Louis;  Federal  Labor  Union  No.  12974, 
Windsor;  Bartenders  No.  531,  Jefferson  City;  Iron  and  Steel  Workers  No.  1, 
St.  Louis;  Iron  and  Steel  Workers  No.  3;  Musicians  No.  50,  St.  Joseph;  Mu- 
sicians No.  217,  Jefferson  City;  Carpenters  No.  646,  St.  Louis;  Waiters  No.  20, 
St.  Louis;  Waiters  No.  19,  Kansas  City — 25  locals,  with  a membership  of  1,801 
members. 


CONFERENCE  ON  UNIFORM  LABOR  LEGISLATION. 

John  T.  Smith,  who  was  one  of  the  Missouri  delegates  to  the  National 
Conference  on  Uniform  Labor  Legislation,  held  at  Chicago,  June  10,  11  and  12, 
1910,  under  the  auspices  of  the  American  Association  for  Labor  Legislation, 
read  a paper  on  the  happenings  at  that  conference.  It  told  of  the  reports  made 
by  the  State  Commissioners  of  Minnesota,  Wisconsin,  New  York,  Illinois, 
New  Jersey  and  Ohio  on  the  work  done  by  their  state  commissions  during  the 
past  year  in  dealing  with  Industrial  Accidents,  Workmen’s  Compensations, 
Industrial  Diseases  and  Labor  Legislation.  The  members  of  the  above  com- 
missions were  appointed  by  the  Governors  of  their  respective  States,  and 
much  good  has  been  done  along  these  lines,  reported  Delegate  Smith.  It  was 
further  stated  by  him  that: 


SECRETARY  JOHN  T.  SMITH’S  REPORT. 


John  Mitchell,  Ex-President  of  the  United 
Mine  Workers  and  now  connected  with  the 
Civic  Federation,  lent  his  advice  and  counsel 
to  the  conference,  and  it  was  plainly  seen  that 
he  had  given  the  subjects  under  discussion 
considerable  thought  and  study. 

Edwin  Wright,  President  of  the  Illinois  State 
Federation  of  Labor,  also  took  an  important 
part  in  the  conference  and  guarded  organized 
labor’s  interest  throughout  the  proceedings. 
Missouri  was  represented  by  Labor  Commis- 
sioner Hiller,  Chas.  A.  Sumner  and  myself. 
We  were  much  impressed  with  the  gathering 
and  are  of  the  opinion  a similar  commission 
should  be  appointed  by  Governor  Hadley  for 
the  State  of  Missouri  to  draw  up  bills  to  apply 
to  these  important  subjects. 

The  Compensation  Act  recently  passed  by 
the  New  York  legislature  applies  only  to  the 
following  trades,  which  are  deemed  extra 
hazardous:  The  erection  or  demolition  of 
bridges  or  buildings  constructed  with  iron  or 


steel  frame  work;  the  operation  of  elevators, 
elevating  machines,  derrick  or  hoisting  ap- 
paratus used  in  connection  with  a bridge  or 
building;  work  on  scaffolds;  work  on  electric 
wires  or  apparatus  charged  with  electric  cur- 
rents; work  necessitating  proximity  to  gun- 
powder, dynamite  or  other  explosives;  the 
operation  on  steam  railroads  of  locomotives, 
engines,  trains,  motors  or  cars  propelled  by 
gravity,  steam  or  electricity;  and  the  con- 
struction and  repair  of  railroad  tracks,  the  con- 
struction of  tunnels  and  subways,  and  all  work 
carried  on  under  compressed  air. 

They  are  in  hopes  of  revising  this  so  that  it 
will  take  in  all  trades  and  occupations.  Con- 
ference adjourned  with  good  feeling  prevailing 
among  all  those  participating  in  the  conference, 
and  all  were  of  the  opinion  that  laws  covering 
all  of  the  subjects  discussed  will  be  placed  upon 
the  statute  books  of  every  state  in  the  union 
in  the  very  near  future. 


Convention , Missouri  Federation,  1910. 


145 


CHILD  AND  WOMEN’S  LABOR  CONFERENCE. 

J.  W.  LaFever,  who  was  delegate,  representing  the  Missouri  Federation,  to 
the  Child  and  Women’s  Labor  Conference,  which  was  held  in  Memphis,  Ten- 
nessee, April  12,  13  and  14,  1910,  reported,  in  brief,  as  follows,  to  the  Missouri 
Federation  Convention: 


The  first  important  business  transacted  was 
the  adoption  of  a resolution  giving  the  manu- 
facturers equal  representation  on  all  committees 
and  equal  voting  strength.  In  my  opinion  this 
resulted  in  doing  more  good  for  the  children 
and  women  of  the  south  than  any  action  taken 
in  their  behalf  in  many  years. 

The  labor  delegates  were  there  with  a large 
majority,  and  it  was  done  so  that  whatever 
demands  were  made  by  this  conference  on  the 
legislatures  of  the  southern  states  may  be  made 
in  the  name  of  both  capital  and  labor.  Not  once 
did  the  manufacturers  abuse  our  confidence, 
but  showed  to  us  conclusively  that  they  were 
as  much  interested  as  we  in  getting  a uniform 
law-enacted  in  all  southern  states  which  would 
preserve  the  child  for  childhood  and  the  women 
for  the  home. 

Joplin  Woman  Honored. 

Miss  Catherine  Cosgrove  of  Joplin,  Mo.,  was 
Missouri’s  representative  on  the  committee  on 
resolutions.  She  is  a prominent  member  of 
women’s  clubs  and  a great  friend  of  the  child 
and  woman  toiler.  Her  vote  and  actions  on 
that  committee  showed  the  Missouri  delegates 
that  we  made  no  mistake  in  placing  her  on  that 
committee. 

The  Governor  of  each  southern  state  was 
given  power  to  appoint  five  delegates  at  large, 
two  of  whom  shall  be  manufacturers. 

The  resolution  committee  recommended  a 
vagrancy  law  in  each  state,  and  that  states 
provide  scholarships  for  children  of  indigent 
parents,  to  enact  compulsory  education  laws, 
provide  text-books  at  state  expense  and  es- 
tablish trade  schools  in  all  cities,  to  have  each 
state  create  a department  of  mine  and  factory 
bureau,  and  that  the  commissioner  of  labor 
in  each  state  be  elected  by  popular  vote,  that 
the  hours  of  labor  be  shortened  in  all  factories 
and  mines  until  the  54-hour  a week  rule  is 
reached.  The  resolutions  adopted  last  year 
at  New  Orleans  were  reaffirmed  and  are  as 
follows: 

Child  Labor  Problem. 

First.  That  the  minimum  age  for  the  em- 
ployment of  children  in  any  gainful  occupation, 
except  agriculture  and  domestic  service,  be 
fixed  at  14  years. 

Second.  That  no  child  under  the  age  of  16 
years  be  employed  in  or  about  any  mine  or 
quarry,  or  in  any  occupation  dangerous  to  life 
or  limb  or  injurious  to  health  or  good  morals. 

Third.  That  no  child  under  the  age  of  16 
years  be  employed  in  any  gainful  occupation, 
except  agriculture  and  domestic  service,  unless 
such  child  can  read  and  write  simple  sentences 
in  the  English  language. 

O L — 10 


Fourth.  That  no  boy  under  the  age  of  16 
years  and  no  girl  under  the  age  of  18  years  be 
employed  in  any  gainful  occupation,  except 
agricultural  or  domestic  service,  between  the 
hours  of  7 p.  m.  and  6 a.  m. 

Fifth.  That  your  committee  believes  that 
an  eight-hour  day  for  children  under  the  age 
of  16  and  women  is  the  only  human  standard 
for  hours  on  employment,  and  we  hope  this 
standard  will  be  reached  by  all  southern  states, 
as  it  has  already  been  adopted  for  children  in 
such  great  manufacturing  states  as  New  York, 
Illinois  and  Ohio,  but  owing  to  the  environ- 
ments in  the  southern  states,  your  committee 
recommends  for  adoption  legislation  which 
will  provide  that  no  child  under  16  years  of  age 
and  no  woman  be  employed  more  than  fifty- 
four  hours  in  any  one  week,  or  an  average  of 
nine  hours  per  day,  and  no  such  boy  or  woman 
shall  be  employed  more  than  nine  hours  in  any 
one  day  unless  it  be  for  the  purpose  of  allowing 
a half  holiday  on  Saturday,  and  then  such  em- 
ployment shall  not  exceed  ten  hours  in  any 
one  day. 

Kentucky  Law  as  a Basis. 

Sixth.  That  legislation  on  the  subject  of 
the  issuance  of  employment  certificates  be 
according  to  provisions  of  the  present  Kentucky 
law,  as  follows:  “For  a child  required  to  pro- 
duce employment  certificates,  the  person  or 
corporation  employing  him  shall  procure  and 
keep  on  file,  accessible  to  the  truant  officer  of 
the  town  or  city  and  to  the  labor  inspector, 
an  employment  certificate,  as  hereinafter 
prescribed,  and  keep  two  complete  lists  of  all 
such  children  employed  therein,  one  on  file  and 
one  conspicuously  posted  near  the  principal 
entrance  of  the  building  in  which  such  children 
are  employed.  On  termination  of  their  em- 
ployment of  a child  so  registered  and  whose 
certificate  is  so  filed,  such  certificate  shall  forth- 
with be  surrendered  by  the  employer  to  the 
child  or  its  parent,  guardian  or  custodian. 
The  labor  inspector  may  make  a demand  on  an 
employer  in  whose  establishment  a child  ap- 
parently under  the  age  required  is  employed, 
premitted  or  suffered  to  work,  and  whose  em- 
ployment certificate  is  not  then  filed  as  re- 
quired by  this  act,  that  such  employer  shall 
either  furnish  him  within  ten  days  evidence 
satisfactory  to  him  that  such  child  is  in  fact  over 
the  required  years  of  age,  or  shall  cease  to  em- 
ploy, permit  or  suffer  such  child  to  work  there- 
in. The  labor  inspector  may  require  from 
such  employer  the  same  evidence  of  age  of 
such  child  as  is  required  on  the  issuance  of  an 
employment  certificate,  and  the  employer 
furnishing  such  evidence  shall  not  be  required 
to  furnish  any  further  evidence  of  the  age 


146 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


of  the  child.  In  case  such  employer  shall  fail 
to  produce  and  deliver  to  the  inspector  within 
ten  days  after  such  demand  such  evidence  of 
the  age  herein  required  of  him,  and  thereafter 
continue  to  employ  or  permit  such  child  to 
work  in  such  establishment,  proof  of  the  giving 
of  such  notice  and  of  such  failure  to  produce 
and  file  such  evidence  shall  be  prima  facie  evi- 
dence in  any  prosecution  brought  for  violation 
of  the  provision  that  such  child  is  under  the 
age  required  and  is  unlawfully  employed. 

As  to  Employment  Certificates. 

Section  3.  An  employment  certificate  shall 
be  only  approved  by  the  superintendent  of 
schools  or  by  a person  authorized  by  him  in 
writing,  or,  where  there  is  no  superintendent  of 
schools,  by  a person  authorized  by  the  school 
board;  that  no  member  of  a school  board  or 
other  person  authorized  as  aforesaid  shall  have 
authority  to  approve  such  certificate  for  any 
child  then  in  or  about  to  enter  his  own  em- 
ployment, or  the  employment  of  a firm  or 
corporation  of  which  he  is  a member,  officer 
or  employe. 

Section.  4.  The  person  authorized  to  issue 
employment  certificates  shall  not  issue  such 
certificates  until  he  has  received,  examined, 
approved  and  filed  the  following  papers  duly 
executed:  First,  the  school  record  of  such 
child,  properly  filled  out  and  signed  as  provided 
herein  below.  Second,  a passport  or  duly 
attested  transcript  of  the  certificate  of  birth  or 
baptism  of  such  child.  A duly  attested  tran- 
script of  the  birth  certificate  filed  according  to 
law  with  any  officer  charged  with  the  duty  of 
recording  births  shall  be  sufficient  evidence  of 
the  age  of  such  child.  Third,  the  affidavit  of 
the  parents,  guardian  or  custodian  of  the  child, 
which  shall  be  required,  however,  only  in  case 
such  last  mentioned  transcript  of  certificate 
of  birth  be  not  produced  and  filed,  showing  the 
place  and  birth  of  such  child,  which  affidavit 
must  be  taken  before  the  officer  issuing  em- 
ployment certificates  who  is  hereby  authorized 
and  required  to  administer  such  oath,  and  who 
shall  not  demand  or  receive  a fee  therefor. 
Such  employment  certificate  shall  not  be  issued 
until  such  child  has  personally  appeared  be- 
fore and  been  examined  by  the  officer  issuing 
the  certificates,  and  until  such  officer  shall, 
after  making  examination,  file  and  sign  in  his 
office  a statement  that  the  child  can  read 
and  legibly  write  simple  sentences  in  the  English 
language,  and  that  in  his  opinion  the  child  is 
the  required  years  of  age,  or  upward,  and  has 
reached  the  normal  development  of  a child  of 
it’s  age,  and  is  in  sound  health  and  physically 
able  to  perform  the  work  which  it  intends  to  do. 
In  doubtful  cases,  such  physical  fitness  shall  be 
determined  by  a medical  officer  of  the  board, 
or  department  of  health,  or  by  the  county 
physician.  Every  employment  certificate  shall 
be  signed  in  the  presence  of  the  child  in  whose 
name  it  is  issued. 

Description  of  Child  to  be  Given. 

Section  5.  Such  certificate  shall  state  the 
date  and  place  of  birth  of  the  child,  and  des- 
cribe the  color  of  the  hair  and  eyes,  the  height 


and  weight  and  any  distinguishing  facial  marks 
of  such  child,  and  the  paper  required  by  the 
preceding  section  has  been  duly  examined, 
approved  and  filed,  and  that  the  child  named 
in  such  certificate  has  appeared  before  the 
officer  signing  the  certificate  and  has  been  ex- 
amined. 

Section  6.  The  school  record  above  mention- 
ed shall  be  signed  by  the  principal  or  chief 
teacher  of  the  school  which  such  child  has  last 
attended,  and  shall  be  furnished  on  demand 
to  a child  entitled  thereto.  It  shall  contain  a 
statement  certifying  that  the  child  is  able  to 
read  and  write  simple  sentences  in  the  English 
language,  and  has  received  instructions  in 
spelling,  reading,  writing  and  geography,  and 
is  familiar  with  the  fundamental  operations 
of  arithmetic  up  to  and  including  common 
fractions.  Such  school  record  shall  also  give 
the  age  and  residence  of  the  child,  as  shown  on 
the  records  of  the  school,  and  the  name  of  its 
parent  or  guardian;  provided  that  upon  the 
filing  with  the  person  authorized  to  issue  em- 
ployment certificates  of  the  affidavit  of  the  ap- 
plicant or  of  his  or  her  parent,  guardian  or 
custodian,  showing  that  diligent  effort  has 
been  made  to  obtain  the  school  record  hereby 
required,  and  that  it  cannot  be  obtained,  then 
the  person  authorized  to  issue  the  certificate 
may  issue  such  certificate  without  having 
received  such  school  record,  but  it  shall  be  his 
duty  in  such  case  to  examine  the  applicant  as 
to  his  of  her  proficiency  in  each  of  the  studies 
mentioned  in  this  section,  and  in  such  case  the 
employment  certificate  shall  show  that  such 
examination  was  had  in  lieu  of  the  filing  of 
the  school  record. 

Section  7.  The  local  board  of  education  or 
the  school  board  of  a city,  town  or  district,  as 
the  case  may  be,  shall  transmit  between  the 
first  and  tenth  of  each  month  to  the  office  of 
the  labor  inspector  a list  of  the  names  of  the 
children  to  whom  certificates  have  been  issued 
during  the  previous  month. 

Seventh.  That  a law  requiring  the  registra- 
tion of  all  births  be  adopted  by  the  states  in- 
terested herein,  to  the  end  that  the  future 
administration  of  the  child  labor  law  may  be 
simplified  and  made  more  effective. 

Sanitary  and  Safe  Regulations. 

Eighth.  That  we  recommend  the  follow- 
ing as  a proper  guide  for  sanitary  and  safe 
regulations:  We  favor  the  enactment  of  laws 
providing  for  the  proper  sanitation,  ventilation 
and  lighting  of  all  manufacturing,  mechanical 
and  mercantile  establishments  and  workshops; 
for  the  erection  of  adequate  fire  escapes  and 
other  means  of  egress  in  case  of  fire  or  other 
disasters;  the  installation  of  proper  and  ade- 
quate appliances  for  the  protection  against 
dangerous  machinery,  beltings,  hatchways, 
elevators  and  stairways;  the  screening  of  all 
stairways  used  by  female  help,  and  separate 
toilet,  dressing  and  wash  rooms  for  members 
of  the  opposite  sexes;  the  furnishing  of  blowers 
or  fans  to  carry  off  dust  or  smoke  in  all  cases 
where  such  dust  or  smoke  may  be  injurious  to 
the  health  of  the  employes ; and  the  installation 


LEGISLATIVE  COMMITTEE,  MISSOURI  FEDERATION  OF  LABOR,  1911. 


Frank  R . Howard , of  Kansas  City,  former 
member  of  Executive  Board  Missouri  Federa- 
tion of  Labor,  member  of  Legislative  Com- 
mittee, 1911. 


John  T.  Fitzpatrick  of  Kansas  City,  Chairman 
of  Committee. 


Clint  F.  Leedom,  of  Moberly , Mo., 
Secretary  of  Committee. 


Convention,  Missouri  Federation,  1910. 


147 


of  a sufficient  number  of  seats  for  women  and 
children  to  be  used  when  they  are  not  actually 
engaged  in  the  performance  of  the  work  at 
which  they  are  employed. 

Ninth.  That  we  regard  a state  system  of 
factory  inspection  as  essential  to  the  enforce- 
ment of.  all  child  labor  laws,  and  we  recom- 
mend that  each  state  make  ample  preparations 
for'  the  employment  of  proper  officials  and 
assistants  for  the  inspection  of  all  mines  and 
factories,  and  that  such  inspectors  be  given  the 
power  and  be  required  to  see  to  the  enforcing 
of  child  labor  laws,  and  that  they  shall  be 
given  authority  to  prosecute  the  violation  of 
all  such  laws. 

Tenth.  That  the  laws  recommended  for  the 
protection  of  women  and  children  be  accompa- 
nied by  adequate  penalties  to  enforce  the  ob- 
servance of  the  same. 

Elected  1910-11  Officers. 

The  officers  of  the  year  were  elected  as  follows: 
President,  Governor  Patterson  of  Tennessee; 
First  Vice-President,  Miss  Kate  Barnard  of 
Oklahoma;  Second  Vice-President  Geo.  L. 
Sehorn  of  Kentucky;  Third  Vice-President, 
Garnet  Andrews,  manufacturer,  of  Tennessee; 
Fourth  Vice-President,  Henry  P.  Hanson  of 


Memphis;  Secretary  and  Treasurer,  Miss  Jean 
Gordon  of  Louisiana.  The  Vice-Presidents  of 
different  states  were  elected  as  follows:  Mis- 
souri, Mrs.  Henrietta  C.  Cosgrove;  Tennessee, 
J.  S.  McCracken;  Louisiana,  S Wolf;  Oklahoma, 
C.  Daugherty;  Kentucky,  Mrs.  C.  P.  Weaver; 
Arkansas,  R.  B.  Sawyer;  Georgia,  D.  J. 
McKelway;  Alabama,  J.  B.  Drake;  Mississippi, 
T.  J.  O’Donnell;  Texas,  J.  S.  Vance;  North 
Carolina,  L.  Parker;  South  Carolina,  J.  Nichol- 
son; Florida,  E.  O.  Painter;  Virginia,  J.  S.  Scott. 

Each  state  is  entitled  to  two  members  of  the 
executive  board,  to  come  from  the  different 
cities.  Missouri’s  members  of  the  board  are 
as  follows:  J.  W.  LaFever  of  St.  Louis,  Mo. 
and  J.  T.  Smith  of  Kansas  City,  Mo.  Atlanta, 
Ga.,  was  selected  as  the  next  meeting  place. 

The  name  of  of  the  permanent  organization 
has  been  changed.  It  is  to  be  known  as  the 
Southern  Conference  on  Women  and  Child 
Labor.  The  constitution  adopted  names  as 
members  of  the  body  representatives  of  or- 
ganized labor,  women’s  clubs,  civic  and  bus- 
iness organizations,  commissioners  of  labor, 
mine  and  factory  inspectors,  and  any  state 
official  having  charge  of  institutions  caring  for 
children  and  firms  or  corporations  employing 
children  and  women. 


REPORT  ON  TORONTO  CONVENTION  OF  1909. 

A report  was  read  by  George  Manuel,  Secretary-Treasurer  of  the  Miners, 
who  was  delegate  to  the  1909  convention  of  the  American  Federation  of  Labor, 
which  was  held  in  Toronto  in  November  of  that  year.  The  essential  points  are: 

AMERICAN  FEDERATION  GATHERING,  1909. 


This  being  the  first  convention  of  the  Ameri- 
can Federation  of  Labor  held  away  from 
American  soil,  made  it  of  more  importance 
than  past  conventions,  as  it  paved  the  way  for 
the  laboring  people  of  Canada  to  become  a part 
of  the  great  American  labor  movement.  While 
bearing  allegiance  to  another  government  they 
are  only  separated  from  us  by  an  imaginary 
line,  and  as  workers,  they  have  their  difficulties 
to  contend  with  the  same  as  we  do  in  this 
country.  The  cementing  of  the  organizations 
of  both  countries  cannot  help  but  benefit  both. 

A careful  perusal  of  the  report  of  President 
Gompers,  Secretary  Morrison,  Treasurer  Len- 
non and  the  Executive  Council  will  give  much 
information  and  show  the  magnificent  progress 
of  the  American  labor  movement,  and  the 
many  intricate  questions  handled  by  the 
National  Body  that  are  of  vital  interest  to  the 
workers  of  both  countries. 

REPRESENTATION  IN  CONVENTION 

There  were  represented  in  the  Toronto  con- 
vention 87  international  and  national  unions, 
21  state  federations,  62  central  bodies,  17  local 
trade  and  federal  unions,  and  7 fraternal  dele- 
gates, from  the  following  organizations:  British 
Trades’  Union  Congress,  Canadian  Trades  and 


Labor  Congress,  Women’s  International  Union 
Label  League,  National  Women’s  Trade  Union 
League  of  America,  the  Federal  Council  of  the 
Churches  of  Christ  in  America,  and  the  Farmers’ 
Educational  and  Co-operative  Union  of  America. 

INCREASE  IN  MEMBERSHIP. 

The  Federation  enjoyed  a splendid  increase 
in  membership  during  the  year,  as  shown  by 
the  Secretary’s  report.  Thirty-four  inter- 
national unions  reported  an  increase  in  mem- 
bership over  the  previous  year  of  83,601. 
There  was  issued  during  the  year  176  charters, 
divided  as  follows : Three  national  unions , 
two  departments,  two  state  federations,  forty 
central  bodies,  and  129  local  trade  and  federal 
labor  unions. 

INDUSTRIAL  EDUCATION. 

The  Committee  on  Industrial  Education 
submitted  an  exhaustive  report  on  this  subject, 
which  shows  that  they  made  a careful  research 
of  every  detail  that  was  of  any  advantage  to 
the  trade  union  movement.  A careful  perusal 
of  the  report,  also  the  bill  drafted  by  the  com  - 
mittee  with  a view  of  introducing  it  in  Con- 
gress, asking  for  an  appropriation  for  the 
establishment  of  a trade  school,  will  be  evidence 


148 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


of  their  zealous  work.  The  convention  voted 
for  the  committee  to  be  continued  and  to  make 
a further  report  to  the  next  convention. 

SHERMAN  ANTI-TRUST  LAW. 

Since  the  decision  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
the  United  States  in  the  case  of  the  Loewe 
Company  against  the  United  Hatters,  under 
which  the  Sherman  anti-trust  law  was  inter- 
preted as  placing  a ban  upon  labor  organizations, 
effort  has  been  made  to  secure  an  amendment 
to  the  Sherman  anti-trust  law,  relieving  labor 
organizations  from  its  operations.  H.  B.  3058, 
introduced  by  Congressman  Wilson  of  the 
miners,  was  endorsed  by  the  convention  as 
embodying  the  essential  provisions,  and  the 
convention  directed  that  the  A.  F.  of  L.  and 
its  affiliated  organizations  should  put  fourth 
every  effort  in  furtherance  its  passage  on  this 
bill. 

EMPLOYERS’  LIABILITY. 

The  subject  of  employers’  liability  in  in- 
dustrial accidents,  the  present,  laws  and  the 
necessity  of  their  revision,  was  covered  com- 
prehensively in  the  reports  of  President  Gompers 
and  the  Executive  Council,  and  the  convention 
endorsed  four  bills,  which  will  provide  a more 
just  system  of  employers’  liability  and  work- 
men’s compensation,  eliminating  the  old  legal 
fallacies,  “assumption  of  risks,’’  “contributory 
negligence,”  “fellow-servant  responsibility,” 
and  recognition  by  the  courts  of  the  validity 
of  “waiving  rights,”  in  order  to  obtain  em- 
ployment, by  which  the  employer  may  evade 
liability  and  the  victims  and  their  dependents 
suffer  the  full  burden  of  industrial  accidents. 
The  bills  are  titled  as  follows: 

No.  1.  A bill  to  amend  the  law  relating  to 
the  liability  of  employers  for  injuries  to  their 
employes  within  the  states. 

No.  2.  A bill  to  provide  compensation 
(automatically)  for  accidents  occuring  to  em- 
ployes of  the  United  States  government. 

(Note. — On  May  30,  1908,  a bill  of  this 
nature — though  very  limited  in  its  provisions — 
was  approved  and  became  a federal  law,  and 
this  was  obtained  wholly  and  solely  through 
the  activities  and  at  the  expense  of  the  American 
Federation  of  Labor.) 

No.  3.  A bill  to  provide  compensation 
(automatically)  for  accidents  in  dangerous 
occupations  subject  to  the  jurisdiction  of  the 
United  States,  and  without  the  necessity  of 
litigation  therefor. 

No.  4.  A bill  to  regulate  all  interstate  and 
foreign  commerce  in  relation  to  accidents,  and 
to  provide  compensation  (automatically)  with- 
out the  necessity  of  litigation  therefor. 

INJUNCTIONS. 

The  report  of  the  Committee  on  President’s 
report  on  that  subject  is  as  follows: 

Injunctions  in  labor  disputes  are  innovations 
in  our  modern  jurisprudence.  The  original 
purpose  for  which  injunctions  were  issued  was 
to  restrain  parties  to  any  dispute  about  the 
title  or  damages  to  property  from  interfering 
with  the  property  in  question  until  the  courts 
had  determined  the  property  rights  involved. 


These  restaining  orders  were  made  returnable 
at  the  next  term  of  court,  or  at  the  sessions  of 
court  where  the  cases  were  to  be  heard  and 
determined,  and  consequently  were  never 
permanent,  expiring  by  their  own  limitations 
when  the  court  had  convened  to  determine 
the  questions  at  issue.  That  they  are  clearly 
intended  to  protect  property  rights,  and  pro- 
perty rights  only,  is  demonstrated  by  the  fact 
that  the  courts  invariably  insist  upon  a bond 
being  furnished  by  the  parties  suing  out  the 
writ  to  indemnify  the  parties  enjoined  for  any 
loss  that  may  accrue  to  them  by  virtue  of  the 
writ  having  been  issued.  When  such  an  order 
of  court  has  been  violated  it  is  not  a difficult 
matter  for  the  court  to  determine  the  actual 
damages,  if  any,  that  have  been  sustained 
through  the  issuance  of  the  injunction,  there- 
by protecting  the  restrained  parties  against 
any  unwarranted  invasion  of  their  rights,  but 
when  the  court  issues  an  injunction  in  a labor 
dispute,  restraining  persons  with  employers 
from  doing  those  things  that  they  have  a legal 
and  moral  right  to  do,  and  as  a result  of  that 
injunction  the  contest  is  lost  to  the  workers, 
there  is  no  court  on  earth  that  can  determine 
the  damage  that  has  been  sustained  by  the 
persons  enjoined,  and  consequently  they  can- 
not recover  from  the  bond.  When  the  court 
arrogates  to  itself  the  power  to  issue  injunc- 
tions never  contemplated  by  the  rules  of 
equity  and  in  direct  violation  of  the  constitu- 
tional and  statutory  laws  and  assumes  the  right 
to  issue  injunctions  for  the  purpose  of  enforc- 
ing criminal  laws,  it  departs  from  the  domain 
of  property  rights  and  evades  that  of  personal 
rights  in  a manner  for  which  there  can  be  no 
excuse  except  that  the  court  thereby  becomes 
the  sole  judge  of  the  law  and  the  fact,  and  if 
the  parties  enjoined  are  declared  guilty  of  con- 
tempt, the  extent  of  the  punishment.  All  of 
which  is  in  direct  violation  of  the  fundamental 
laws  of  the  land  and  the  Anglo  Saxon  concept 
of  human  liberty. 

DECLARATIONS  OF  MAGNA  CHARTER. 

The  great  character  of  human  liberty,  that 
Magna  Charter  of  Great  Britain,  the  basis  upon 
which  the  British  and  American  freedom  rests, 
in  clause  39,  declares: 

Par.  1.  That  the  pretended  power  of  sus- 
pending laws,  or  the  execution  of  laws  by  legal 
authority,  without  the  consent  of  Parliament, 
is  illegal. 

Par.  2.  That  the  pretended  power  of  dis- 
pensing with  laws,  or  the  execution  of  laws  by 
legal  authority,  as  it  has  been  assumed  and 
exercised  of  late,  is  illegal. 

The  Declaration  of  Independence  declares: 
“That  all  men  are  created  equal;  that  they  are 
endowed  by  their  creator  with  certain  inalien- 
able rights,  and  that  among  these  are  life, 
liberty  and  the  pursuit  of  happiness,”  and  it 
further  assigns  risks,  to  all  of  which  are  the 
interests  and  welfare  of  the  workers  vitally  re- 
lated. 

The  convention  approved  the  action  of  the 
executive  council  in  this  matter  and  directed 
that  the  committee  be  continued. 


Convention , Missouri  Federation,  1910. 


149 


The  convention  directed  the  executive 
council  to  appoint  representatives  of  the 
American  Federation  of  Labor  to  attend  the 
conference  of  governors  to  be  held  in  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.,  in  January,  on  the  matter  of 
uniform  legislation  among  the  states,  which 
will  include  among  other  matters  consideration 
of  laws  to  protect  life. 

OLD  AGE  PENSION. 

The  convention  endorsed  a bill  providing 
for  old  age  pensions,  drafted  by  Congressman 
W.  B.  Wilson  at  the  request  of  the  executive 
council.  Because  of  the  form  of  the  federal 
government  of  the  United  States,  the  limi- 
tations of  its  authority,  and  the  sovereignty  of 
the  states  within  their  boundaries,  it  is  ex- 
ceedingly difficult  to  devise  a direct  method 
by  which  old  age  pensions  can  be  paid  by  the 
government.  The  Federal  Constitution,  how- 
ever provides  that  Congress  shall  have  the  power 
to  “raise  and  support  armies,”  and  Congress- 
man Wilson  has  in  his  bill  invoked  the  authority 
of  the  government  in  order  to  meet  its  obliga- 
tion of  paying  an  old  age  pension.  The  bill 
provides  for  what  shall  be  known  as  an  old  age 
home  guard  of  the  United  States  army,  to  be 
composed  of  persons  not  less  than  sixty-five 
years  of  age,  who  are  not  possessed  of  a sup- 
porting income. 


ELECTION  OF  OFFICERS. 

The  following  1910  officers  and  delegates  were 

elected  just  before  the  1909  convention  of 

the  American  Federation  of  Labor  adjourned. 

St.  Louis  was  selected  for  the  1910  convention. 

President,  Samuel  Gompers  (cigarmaker) . 

First  Vice-President,  James  Duncan  (granite 
cutter.) 

Second  Vice-President,  John  Mitchell  (miner). 

Third  Vice-President,  James  O’Connell  (ma- 
chinist). 

Fourth  Vice-President,  Denis  A.  Hayes  (glass 
bottle  blower). 

Fifth  Vice-President,  William  D.  Huber 
(carpenter). 

Sixth  Vice-President,  Joseph  F.  Valentine 
(molder) 

Seventh  Vice-President,  John  R.  Alpine 
(plumber). 

Eighth  Vice-President,  H.  B.  Perham  (railroad 
telegrapher). 

Secretary,  Frank  Morrison  (printer) 

Treasurer,  John  B.  Lennon  (tailor). 

Fraternal  Delegates  to  Great  Britain,  W.  B. 
Wilson  (miner);  T.  V.  O’Connor  (long- 
shoreman). 

Fraternal  Delagate  to  Canada,  John  J.  Man- 
ning (laundry  worker). 


PARAMOUNT  ISSUES. 


MANY  RESOLUTIONS  ADOPTED  BY  THE  MISSOURI  FEDERATION 

OF  LABOR. 

In  course  of  the  Missouri  Federation  convention,  the  following  important 
resolutions  were  adopted  and  now  form  a part  of  the  official  proceedings: 


Whereas,  The  amount  of  convict  goods 
annually  made  in  the  United  States  for  private 
profit  is  enormous,  and  is  manufactured  at  a 
much  lower  cost  than  they  can  possibly  be 
made  by  free  labor,  and  are  also  entering  the 
competitive  field  of  the  working  classes,  thus 
depriving  them  of  a means  of  livelihood ; there- 
fore, be  it 

Resolved,  That  we,  the  delegates  to  the 
Nineteenth  Annual  Convention  of  the  Mis- 
souri State  Federation  of  Labor,  emphatically 
protest  against  this  invasion  as  being  antag- 
onistic to  the  organized  community  of  this 
country  in  particular;  be  it  further 

Resolved,  That  the  delegates  to  this  con- 
vention present  this  matter  to  their  respective 
unions  and  central  bodies  and  urge  every 
honorable  means  to  secure  the  election  of  men 
to  the  different  legislative,  officers  who  know 
our  wants  and  will  pledge  themselves  to  the 
enactment  of  laws  prohibiting  this  unjust  com- 
petition, and  give  the  free  laborer  a chance  to 
make  an  honest  living. 


Whereas,  The  eighteenth  convention  of  the 
Missouri  State  Federation  of  Labor  established 
a label  order  of  business;  and 


Whereas,  The  American  Federation  of 
Labor  has  established  a label  department  to 
promote  a more  universal  demand  for  union- 
made  goods;  and 

Whereas,  The  use  of  the  union  label  is  one 
of  the  strongest  and  best  methods  of  building 
up  the  fabric  of  organized  labor;  therefore 
be  it 

Resolved,  That  this  Federation  recommend 
to  its  delegates  that  upon  their  return  home 
they  take  up  the  crusade  of  the  label  with  re- 
newed energy  and  such  unwavering  zeal  that 
their  use  will  be  greatly  extended  and  all  labor 
benefited,  either  directly  or  indirectly. 


Resolved,  That  we  favor  the  creation  of  a 
commission  by  the  General  Assembly  of  Mis- 
souri to  be  known  as  “The  Missouri  Employes 
Compensation  Commission.” 

This  commission  to  be  appointed  by  the 
Governor,  and  to  be  nonpartisan,  and  to  con- 
sist of  representatives  of  employes,  representa- 
tives of  employers,  and  at  least  one  who  is 
learned  in  the  law. 

It  shall  be  the  duty  of  this  commission  to  in- 
vestigate the  subject  of  a proper  system  for 
providing  compensation  to  injured  employes, 


150 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


to  inquire  into  the  operation  of  the  existing 
laws  of  this  State  and  other  states  and  foreign 
countries  governing  the  liability  of  employers 
for  injuries  to  employes,  whether  under  the 
form  of  insurance  or  otherwise,  and  to  make 
report  to  the  following  session  of  the  legislature 
of  the  results  of  their  investigation  and  inquiry, 
together  with  a draft  of  bill  or  bills  providing 
a plan  for  speedy  remedy  for  employes  for  in- 
juries received  in  the  cource  of  their  employ- 
ment, which  will  be  fair  to  employers  and  em- 
ployes and  just  to  the  State;  be  it  further 
Resolved,  That  the  Legislative  Committee 
present  this  memorial  to  the  Governor  of  the 
State  and  to  each  House  of  the  General  As- 
sembly, and  to  urge  upon  the  law-making 
authorities  of  the  State  the  creation  of  such  a 
commission,  and  providing  the  necessary 
appropriation  of  funds  to  carry  out  the  pur- 
pose of  said  commission. 


“Whereas,  The  present  laws  of  Missouri 
(namely,  employers’  liability  law,  factory  in- 
spection laws,  child  labor  laws  and  laws  bear- 
ing upon  kindred  subjects),  are  inadequate 
for  the  protection  of  men,  women  and  children ; 
therefore,  be  it 

“Resolved,  That  the  Missouri  State  Feder- 
ation of  Labor,  in  convention  assembled, 
through  its  officers,  representatives  and  legis- 
lative committee,  lend  its  efforts  to  secure 
the  enactment  of  laws  for  the  protection  of 
the  working  men,  women  and  children  of 
the  State  of  Missouri,  and  the  strict  enforce- 
ment thereof:” 


Whereas,  The  Missouri  State  Federation 
of  Labor  is  a representative  body  of  nearly  all 
the  organized  crafts  of  the  State  of  Missouri; 
and, 

Whereas,  The  Women’s  Trade  Union  League 
of  the  city  of  St.  Louis,  affiliated  with  the  Mis- 
souri State  Federation  of  Labor,  is  making 
every  effort  to  have  enacted  a law  limiting 
the  hours  of  work  for  women  to  nine  per  day; 
therefore,  be  it 

Resolved,  That  the  Missouri  State  Feder- 
ation of  Labor,  in  convention  assembled,  in- 
struct the  incoming  Legislative  Committee 
to  use  all  honorable  means  to  the  end  that  the 
women’s  9-hour  bill  be  enacted  into  a law; 
and  be  it  further 

Resolved,  That  the  delegates  to  the  19th 
Annual  Convention  of  the  Missouri  State  Feder- 
ation of  Labor  pledge  themselves  to  inter- 
view the  various  candidates  for  the  Legislature 
from  their  respective  districts,  securing  from 
each,  if  possible,  a signed  statement  of  their 
position  on  an  unamended  nine-hour  law  for 
women.  Any  candidate  failing  to  state  his 
position  will  be  regarded  as  opposed  to  same 
and  delegates  are  instructed  to  do  all  in  their 
power  to  defeat  such  candidate. 


Whereas,  The  trades  union  movement  is 
becoming  ever  more  and  more  effective  in  its 
efforts  to  secure  more  favorable  working  con- 


ditions, shorter  hours  and  a larger  share  of  the 
wealth  that  labor  produces;  and, 

Whereas,  Organized  capital  is  likewise 
marshalling  its  forces  and  shaping  new  weapons 
with  which  to  resist  the  demands  made  upon 
it  by  organized  labor;  and 

Whereas,  The  trades  unions  of  our  country 
are  spending  annually  hundreds  of  thousands, 
and  even  millions  of  dollars  in  prosecuting 
strikes  and  boycotts  and  in  defending  them- 
selves in  corporate  controlled  courts;  and, 
Whereas,  Great  industries  have  been  built 
up  by  trade  unions  through  advertising  the  pro- 
ducts bearing  the  union  label,  only  to  see  such 
industries  finally  absorbed  by  the  trusts  or 
become  the  rankest  enemies  of  those  who  made 
their  vast  accumulations  possible;  and, 

Whereas,  The  money  thus  spent,  if  invested 
in  co-operative  industry,  based  upon  a practi- 
cable and  equitable  plan,  would  ultimately 
give  to  the  workers  the  control  over  their  own 
jobs,  thus  doing  away  with  the  necessity  for 
strikes  and  boycotts;  and, 

Whereas,  Co-operative  industry  and  ex- 
change is  now  receiving  the  most  favorable 
consideration  at  the  hands  of  many  leading 
trades  unionists;  therefore,  be  it 

Resolved, , By  the  Missouri  State  Federation 
of  Labor,  in  convention  assembled,  that  we 
invite  the  members  of  all  affiliated  unions  and 
organized  labor  generally,  to  carefully  study 
the  co-partnership  plan  of  co-operation  as 
instituted  by  the  local  Federation  of  Labor  at 
Sedalia,  Mo.,  in  establishing  a co-partnership 
shirt  factory. 


Whereas,  Missouri  is  undoubtedly  going 
to  change  its  tax  laws  within  the  very  near 
future,  as  all  informed  persons  are  agreed  the 
State  cannot  longer  continue  to  prosper  under 
the  present  archaic  system;  and, 

Whereas,  If  organized  labor  is  not  alert,  the 
changes  will  only  change  the  forms  and  will  not 
transfer  the  burdens  from  labor  to  property  or 
privilege;  therefore,  be  it.  . 

Resolved,  That  the  Legislative  Committee 
be  instructed  to  pay  special  attention  to  this 
subject  during  the  next  session  of  the  General 
Assembly  and  see  that  the  appended  bill  is 
introduced  in  the  Assembly,  and  it,  or  some 
bill  embodying  all  its  features,  is  passed. 


Introduced  by  Chas.  A.  Sumner  of  Stero.  and 
Electro.  Union,  No.  6 of  Kansas  City. 

Whereas,  The  values  of  lands  and  franchises 
are  made  and  maintained  by  government  and 
by  the  presence,  activities  and  necessaries  of 
population,  and  are,  therefore,  the  just  and 
natural  sources  from  which  municipal  and 
State  revenues  should  be  derived. 

Resolved,  That  the  State  Federation  of  Labor 
of  Missouri  favors  the  submission  of  a con- 
stitutional amendment,  through  the  initiative 
petition,  that  shall  provide  for  the  abolition  of 
taxes  on  the  products  and  processes  of  labor, 
and  for  raising  municipal  and  State  revenues 
exclusively  by  a tax  on  the  values  of  lands  and 
franchises,  independent  of  all  improvements. 


Resolutions,  Missouri  Federation,  1910. 


15 


Resolved,  That  the  delegates  from  this  body 
are  hereby  instructed  to  use  their  influence  to 
secure  the  submission  of  a proposed  amendment 
that  may  be  voted  on  at  the  general  election  in 
1912. 


Whereas,  Notwithstanding  that  Missouri  has 
enacted  one  of  the  best  laws  relative  to  the  use 
of  the  Initiative  and  Referendum  for  State 
purposes  adopted  in  this  nation,  yet  Missouri 
has  failed  to  pass  legislation  granting  the  use 
of  the  Initiative  and  Referendum  to  counties, 
cities  or  towns  for  local  purposes;  therefore,  be 
it 

Resolved,  That  the  Legislative  Committee  be 
instructed  to  have  drafted  and  introduced  in 
the  next  General  Assembly  of  this  State  con- 
stitutional amendment  to  the  State  Constitution 
granting  the  use,  for  local  purposes,  of  the 
initiative,  referendum  and  recall  to  all  counties, 
cities,  towns  and  villages. 


Whereas,  It  is  generally  recognized  that 
legislation  protecting  the  workmen  in  t;he  col- 
lection of  their  wages  is  just  both  to  the  work- 
men and  to  the  citizens  of  the  State  generally; 
therefore,  be  it 

Resolved,  That  the  Legislative  Committee 
be  instructed  to  have  introduced  into  the  next 
General  Assembly  the  following  bill  providing 
for  the  repeal  of  the  law  exempting  property 
from  execution  on  judgment  obtained  for  wages 
in  certain  cases: 

An  act  to  provide  that  no  property  shall  be 
exempt  from  levy  or  sale  under  execution 
issued  on  judgments  obtained  for  work 
and  labor  in  certain  cases,  and  providing 
for  the  taxation  of  attorney’s  fees  as  costs 
in  suits  brought  for  work  and  labor. 

Be  it  enacted  by  the  General  Assembly  of  the 
State  of  Missouri,  as  follows: 

Section  1.  No  property  shall  be  exempt 
from  levy  or  sale  under  an  execution  issued 
upon  a judgment  obtained  before  any  justice 
of  the  peace  for  work,  labor  or  services  done  or 
performed  by  any  person,  when  such  amount 
does  not  exceed  the  sum  of  twenty-five  dollars, 
exclusive  of  costs. 

In  entering  any  such  judgment  the  justice 
of  the  peace  shall  recite  on  the  docket  that  the 
same  was  rendered  for  the  personal  services 
and  work  of  the  plaintiff,  and  the  same  fact 
shall  also  be  recited  in  any  execution  issued 
thereon. 

Sec.  21.  In  all  suits  brought  for  work  and 
labor  or  services  done  or  performed  by  any 
person  where  demand  of  payment  is  made  of 
the  debtor  in  writing,  specifying  the  amount 
claimed,  at  least  twenty-four  hours  before  the 
commencement  of  the  suit,  attorney’s  fees 
shall  be  allowed  and  taxed  as  costs  in  favor  of 
the  prevailing  party  as  follows:  In  justice  of 
the  peace  courts,  five  dollars;  in  circuit  courts, 
twenty  dollars;  in  appellate  courts,  thirty 
dollars. 


Whereas,  Education  being  the  foundation 
of  the  emancipation  of  the  working  class;  and, 


Whereas,  The  present  laws  governing  the 
education  of  children  are  inadequate,  and 
realizing  that  we  can  never  hope  to  reach  the 
higher  state  of  mental  and  moral  develop- 
ment necessary  to  make  us  useful  members  of 
society  until  such  time  arrives  that  every 
person  has  free  access  to  the  proper  means  of 
education;  therefore,  be  it 

Resolved,  That  the  incoming  Legislative 
Committee  be  instructed  to  work  for  and  en- 
deavor to  have  enacted  laws  governing  com- 
pulsory education  that  will  require  the  State 
government  to  provide  for  all  orphan  children 
and  children  of  widowed  parents  unable  to 
provide  the  proper  food,  clothing  and  shelter 
for  them,  with  free  text-books,  food,  clothing 
and  shelter  in  such  a way  that  will  not  humiliate 
or  cause  them  to  feel  under  obligation  to  any- 
one. 


Whereas,  At  the  Hannibal  convention  of  the 
State  Federation  of  Labor  in  1908  this  body 
adopted  a resolution  in  favor  of  a law  granting 
scholarships  at  the  expense  of  the  State  to 
children  of  school  age  of  indigent  parents,  so 
that  they  would  not  be  forced  into  workshops, 
but  would  be  given  equal  opportunity  with 
other  children  to  obtain  an  education;  and 
Whereas,  A law  providing  for  pensions  of 
from  eight  to  ten  dollars  a month  for  each 
child  under  14  years  of  age  is  being  advocated 
by  Judge  Porterfield,  judge  of  the  Juvenile 
Court  of  Jackson  county,  which  proposition 
is  in  entire  keeping  with  the  spirit  of  the  re- 
solution adopted  by  this  Federation  of  Labor 
at  Hannibal;  therefore,  be  it 

Resolved,  That  the  State  Federation  of 
Labor  reaffirm  its  approval  of  such  legislation 
and  tender  the  support  of  this  body  to  any 
bill  which  has  for  its  purpose  the  realization 
of  this  protection  to  our  children. 


Be  it  resolved,  That  the  incoming  Legislative 
Committee  be  empowered  to  draft  a suitable 
bill  and  have  the  same  presented  to  the  next 
Legislative  Assembly  of  the  State  of  Missouri 
providing  for  the  proper  inspection  of  ropes, 
ladders  and  scaffolding  used  in  the  erection, 
alteration  and  repairing  of  buildings,  and  that 
power  be  given  to  any  inspector  who  may  be 
appointed  under  the  provisions  of  this  proposed 
bill  to  condemn,  order  destroyed  or  see  that 
ropes,  ladders  and  scaffolding  used  in  the 
construction,  alteration  and  repairing  of  build- 
ings are  made  safe. 


Resolved,  That  it  is  the  sense  of  this  body 
that  the  guards  in  the  service  of  the  State  at 
the  Missouri  penitentiary  should  be  required 
to  work  but  eight  hours  a day  instead  of  twelve 
hours  a day,  as  at  present,  and  the  Board  of 
Prison  Inspectors  is  hereby  asked  to  alter  the 
working  schedule  of  said  officers  so  that  it  will 
require  but  eight  hours  work  per  day  for  each 
of  said  guards  instead  of  twelve  hours. 


Be  it  resolved,  That  the  Missouri  State 
Federation  of  Labor  pledges  itself  to  the  sup- 


152 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


port  of  legislation  limiting  the  hours  of  em- 
ployment for  working  women  to  nine  hours  a 
day,  extending  the  child  labor  law  over  the 
whole  State,  extending  the  jurisdiction  of  the 
Factory  Inspector  over  the  whole  State  and 
placing  his  office  on  a salary  basis,  and  eliminat- 
ing the  constitutional  restrictions  on  the  age 
limits  of  those  entitled  to  public  education  in 
the  larger  cities  of  the  State;  and  be  it  further 
Resolved,  That  we  call  upon  the  Forty- 
sixth  General  Assembly  of  Missouri  to  enact 
laws  for  the  purpose  of  bringing  about  these 
changes;  and  be  it  further 

Resolved,  That  we  direct  our  Legislative 
Committee  to  work  for  the  passage  of  laws 
having  these  ends  in  view. 


Resolution  to  authorize  Federation  officials 
to  assist  in  electing  union  men  to  the  State 
Legislature. 

Whereas,  It  is  the  policy  of  the  American 
Federation  of  Labor  and  the  Missouri  Feder- 
ation of  Labor  to  assist  in  the  election  of  union 
men  to  legislative  positions;  be  it 

Resolved,  That  the  President  of  the  Missouri 
Federation  of  Labor  be  and  is  hereby  instructed 
to  use  every  effort  possible  to  bring  about  the 
election  of  trades  unionists  to  the  State  Legis- 
lature in  any  district  or  districts  where,  in  his 
judgment,  such  an  election  is  possible,  also 
congressmen. 


The  Missouri  State  Federation  of  Labor, 
fully  conscious  of  the  great  work  which  can  be 
done  in  the  upbuilding  and  strengthening  of 
the  trades  union  movement  by  the  labor  press, 
and  realizing  that  the  labor  press  does  not 
receive  the  necessary  support  to  make  them 
independent  of  other  sources  of  income,  and 
believing  that  this  lack  of  support  is  in  some 


SHELTER  FOR  'l 

The  following  communications  wei 
tents  and  the  movements  approved  of, 
proceedings  of  the  1910  convention  of 

St.  Louis,  Mo.,  September  21,  1910. 
Mr.  J.  T.  Smith,  Secretary  Missouri  State 
Federation  of  Labor,  Jefferson  City,  Mo. 

Dear  Sir — In  all  the  large  cities  in  the  United 
States,  the  State  of  Missouri  unfortunately 
being  no  exception,  there  is  every  winter  a 
large  number  of  workers,  skilled  and  unskilled, 
mostly  non-union,  but  in  many  cases  union, 
who  are  thrown  out  of  work,  and  through 
causes  beyond  their  control  are  left  homeless 
and  destitute. 

Many  of  these  helpless  men  become  the 
objects  of  private  charity,  some  are  thrown  on 
the  charitable  institutions  and  others  die  of 
hardship  or  commit  suicide. 

We  have  been  fighting  this  evil  in  St.  Louis 
for  many  years,  but  without  any  success,  as 
far  as  the  awakening  of  the  State  and  city,  to 
this  monstrous  evil;  but  with  some  success,  of 


measure  due  to  the  wavering,  if  not  to  say 
questionable,  policies  of  many  labor  papers. 
Therefore,  the  Missouri  State  Federation 
of  Labor  not  only  urges  upon  all  mem- 
bers of  affiliated  unions  to  subscribe  for  the 
labor  press,  but  also  urges  upon  them  a closer 
scrutiny  and  supervision  over  the  labor  papers 
in  their  respective  localities  through  the  local 
and  central  bodies,  to  the  end  that  the  labor 
press  may  be  freed  from  every  specie  of  hostile 
influences,  and  that  they  may  truly  and  un- 
swervingly reflect  ihe  interest  of  the  trades 
union  movement  and  the  whole  working  class. 


Whereas,  The  State  military  has  recently 
been  used,  apparently  for  no  other  purpose 
than  to  intimidate  members  of  organized  labor 
about  to  engage  in  a struggle  to  better  their 
condition,  thereby  proving,  beyond  a doubt, 
that  our  often  repeated  claim,  namely,  that  the 
State  militia,  when  employed  during  labor 
troubles,  is  for  the  purpose  of  intimidation 
rather  than  to  maintain  order;  therefore,  be  it 
Resolved,  That  the  Missouri  State  Federation 
of  Labor,  in  convention  assembled,  condemns 
the  practice  of  using  the  State  militia  during 
labor  disputes  under  any  pretext  whatsoever. 


Whereas,  We  believe  that  better  results  may 
be  obtained  by  asking  for  few  measures  rather 
than  a large  number;  therefore,  be  it 

Resolved,  That  the  incoming  Legislative 
Committee  be  and  they  are  hereby  instructed 
to  submit  three  of  the  most  important  measures 
to  all  legisative  candidates  and  request  a plain 
answer,  yes  or  no,  as  to  whether  or  not  they 
will  support  the  measures  if  elected,  and  inform 
them,  that  failure  to  receive  any  answer  will  be 
accepted  as  a negative  answer. 


rIE  HOMELESS. 

'read  to  the  convention  and  the  con- 
and  the  letters  were  made  part  of  the 
the  Missouri  Federation  of  Labor: 

course,  in  the  way  of  personal  charity,  which 
however,  is  totally  inadequate. 

We  have  tried  time  and  again  in  St.  Louis 
to  get  passed  by  our  city  government  a bill 
providing  that  the  city  shall  provide  an  ad- 
equate shelter,  with  relief  for  such  down  and 
out  men,  but  have  always  been  met  with  the 
objection  that  such  legislation  was  uncon- 
stitutional. 

We,  therefore,  propose  to  put  before  the 
Legislature  a bill  which  will  give  cities  of 
seventy-five  thousand  inhabitants  or  more  the 
right  to  pass  any  ordinances  for  the  relief  of 
the  unemployed  in  times  of  stress,  to  the  end 
that  municipal  institutions  may  be  established 
and  relief  given  to  the  suffering,  according  to 
the  wisdom  of  the  voters  and  the  city  govern- 
ment generally. 

We  enclose  you  a copy  of  this  measure  as  it 


Convention , Missouri  Federation , 1910. 


153 


applies  to  the  city  of  St.  Louis,  and  we  want 
you  to  endorse  us  in  applying  to  the  State  Legis- 
lature for  an  act  empowering  the  public  autho- 
rities in  cities  which  now  have  or  may  here- 
after have  seventy-five  thousand  inhabitants 
or  more  for  the  relief  of  our  unfortunate  fellow 
citizens. 

May  we  ask  you  to  get  the  State  Federation 
to  give  its  approval  to  this  endeavor,  and,  if 
successful,  to  advise  of  same. 

Faithfully  yours, 

BROTHERHOOD  WELFARE  ASSOCIA- 
TION. 

Per  R.  W.  Irwin,  Secretary. 

Please  reply  to  Room  224,  Benoist  Bldg., 
St.  Louis,  Mo. 

HOUSE  BILL  NO.  200,  JUNE,  1908.  HOUSE 
OF  DELIGATES,  ST.  LOUIS, 
MISSOURI. 

Introduced  by  Mr.  Frank  Hussey.  First 
reading,  May  29th.  Second,  June  5.  Re- 
ferred to  Committee  on  Legislation. 

AN  ORDINANCE  to  authorize  and  provide 
for  the  creation  and  maintenance  of  a muni- 
cipal institution  to  furnish  all  persons  in 
want  an  opportunity  to  earn  food  and  shelter, 
and  to  minimize  the  public  begging  nuisance. 
Be  it  ordained  by  the  City  of  St.  Louis  Municipal 
Assembly,  as  follows: 

Section  1.  The  mayor  is  authorized  and 
directed  to  appoint  a commission  of  three 
citizens,  which  shall  serve  without  salary,  and 
shall  be  known  as  the  temporary  employment 
commission.  The  said  commission  shall  have 
full  supervision  over  the  fore-mentioned  in- 
stitution, shall  appoint  a superintendent  at  a 

salary  of  $ per  year,  to  be  in  active  charge 

of  said  institution;  an  assistant  superintendent 

at  a salary  of  $ per  year,  who  at  normal 

times  shall  be  in  charge  during  the  night,  and 
any  other  assistants  who  may  be  necessary, 
with  the  sanction  of  said  commission.  The 
said  superintendent  may  employ  incidental 
help  and  take  from  the  shoulders  of  said  com- 
mission virtually  all  the  burden  of  directiqg 
the  affairs  of  the  said  institution.  The  mem- 
bers of  the  said  commission  shall  be  account- 
able to  the  people  through  the  mayor  for  all 
actions  of  themselves  and  their  appointees, 
and  shall  be  removable  by  the  mayor  for  just 
cause. 

Section  2.  The  said  commission  shall  es- 
tablish and  maintain  a headquarters,  con- 

RIGHT  TO  W< 

St.  Louis,  September  21,  1910. 
Mr.  J.  T.  Smith,  Secretary  Missouri  State 
Federation  of  Labor,  Jefferson  City,  Mo.: 
Dear  Sir — Herewith  we  send  you  several 
copies  of  the  proposed  amendment  to  the  Con- 
stitution, known  as  the  “Right  to  work  amend- 
ment.” This  measure  provides  that  the  State 
shall  at  all  times  provide  work  for  those  who 
are  in  need  of  it. 

It  was  at  first  intended  that  this  amendment 
should  be  pushed  under  the  initiative  and 


veniently  near  police  headquarters,  where  at 
any  hour  of  the  day  or  night  any  person  may 
obtain  tickets  for  good  food  and  shelter  by 
performing  a specified  amount  of  labor.  In 
cases  where  a person  has  become  so  weakened 
by  hunger  or  lack  of  sleep,  or  both,  as  to  be 
unable  to  perform  the  said  labor,  food  or  shelter, 
or  both,  may  be  provided  in  advance.  It  shall 
rest  with  the  said  commission  to  determine 
whether  the  said  labor  shall  be  performed  at 
the  said  headquarters  or  elsewhere,  but  after 
performing  the  said  labor,  the  said  laborer 
shall  be  provided  with  the  said  tickets  within 
walking  distance  of  the  establishment  or 
establishments,  where  the  said  tickets  be  ex- 
changeable for  food  and  shelter.  The  said 
commission  shall  determine  whether  the  said 
eating  and  sleeping  establishments  shall  be 
operated  by  the  city  or  whether  the  city  shall 
purchase  such  meals  and  shelter  from  private 
parties. 

Section  3.  The  nature  of  the  said  labor 
shall  be  determined  by  the  said  commission, 
but  the  said  labor  shall  be  such  as  will  not 
throw  out  of  employment  any  of  the  laborers 
regularly  employed  by  the  city,  nor  enter  into 
harmful  competition  with  any  one  field  of 
private  industry.  The  said  laborers  shall  be  ' 
compelled  to  earn  all  food  and  shelter  that 
they  receive,  in  order  that  the  said  institution 
shall  not  be  a magnet  for  unworthy  persons 
in  this  and  other  cities.  The  basis  of  com- 
pensation shall  be  determined  by  the  said 
commission,  but  shall  be  such  as  will  allow  the 
said  laborers  plenty  of  time  to  seek  more 
remunerative  employment. 

Section  4.  The  police  shall  take  all  persons 
found  begging  to  the  said  institution,  where 
the  said  persons  shall  be  given  an  opportunity 
to  work.  Any  ablebodied  person  refusing  to 
work  when  so  taken,  or  any  person  again  found 
begging,  after  having  been  once  taken  to  the 
said  institution,  shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  a 
misdemeanor,  and  shall  be  subject  to  a fine 
of  not  less  than  three  dollars  nor  more  than 
fifty  dollars.  All  cripples  and  invalid  beggers 
being  unable  to  work  shall  be  cared  for  by  the 
city  in  poorhouse  or  hospital,  as  the  case  may 
require,  except  that  if  any  such  person  shall 
be  not  entitled  by  residence  to  the  city’s  care, 
he  shall  be  returned  to  the  place  where  it 
shall  be  decided  he  should  be  cared  for.  Pend- 
ing disposition  or  such  a case,  such  a person 
shall  be  provided  with  food  and  shelter  by  the 
said  institution. 

LK  QUESTION. 

referendum  act,  so  that  it  could  be  voted  upon 
at  the  ensuing  election,  but,  owing  to  un- 
expected opposition  from  influential  quarters 
and  the  lack  of  funds,  it  was  found  necessary 
to  postpone  it  to  the  election  of  1912. 

We  believe  sincerely  that  a measure  of  this 
discription,  when  properly  explained  to  the 
voters,  will  be  very  popular,  and  can  be  carried 
by  a large  majority.  It  has  already  been  en- 
dorsed by  the  Central  Trades  Unions  of  St.  Louis 
and  Kansas  City,  and  there  is  no  doubt  that 


154 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


other  unions  throughout  the  State  will  be 
heartily  in  favor  of  same. 

It  is  very  evident  to  the  humblest  student  of 
economics  and  of  the  trend  of  events  in  these 
times  that  such  a measure  cannot  possibly  do 
anything  but  good  to  organized  labor.  The 
only  enemy  that  the  organized  laborer  has  is 
the  down-and-out  man,  who  is  ready  to  take 
a job  at  any  price  to  keep  himself  and  his 
family  from  starvation. 

We,  therefore,  ask  that  you  present  this 
measure  to  the  State  Federation,  and  if  pos- 


sible, have  it  endorsed  unanimously,  to  the 
end  that  we  may  have  our  hands  strengthened 
in  our  fight  for  this,  the  most  drastic  and 
fundamental  act  of  justice  that  has  yet  been 
proposed  for  the  workingman. 

We  hope  to  hear  from  you  that  organized 
labor  is  heartily  in  accord  with  this  amend- 
ment, and  remain, 

Faithfully  yours, 

MISSOURI  RIGHT  TO  WORK  LEAGUE 
Per  R.  W.  Irwin,  Secretary 


ANOTHER  EMPLOYERS’  LIABILITY  MEASURE. 

Delegates  John  T.  Fitzpatrick,  Joseph  Gallagher  and  Robt.  Brown,  repre- 
senting the  Industrial  Council  of  Kansas  City,  introduced  before  the  conven- 
tion the  following  resolution  in  connection  with  the  questions  of  industrial 
insurance,  just  compensation  to  a toiler  in  case  of  accident  and  employers’  lia- 
bility, which  was  received,  approved  by  the  Legislative  Committee,  and  con- 
curred in  by  the  assemblage: 


INTRODUCED  BY  DELEGATES  REPRESENTING  THE  INDUSTRIAL  COUNCIL  OF 

KANSAS  CITY,  MISSOURI. 


Whereas,  Almost  all  civilized  countries 
have  adopted  some  form  of  Industrial  In- 
surance or  Compensation  Act  to  protect 
the  workers  injured  in  industrial  acci- 
dents ; and 

Whereas,  Many  states  of  this  United 
States  have  either  adopted  remedial  legis- 
lation or  have  appointed  commissions  to 
investigate  the  subject,  with  the  end  in 
view  of  adopting  remedial  legislation  so 
that  the  loss  of  income  through  industrial 
accidents  shall  not  be  borne  by  the  injured 
workmen  or  his  dependents,  but  will  be 
borne  by  the  industry  as  breakage  of  ma- 
chinery is  now  borne ; therefore,  be  it 
Resolved,  That  the  Legislative  Com- 
mittee be  instructed  to  introduce  at  the 
next  session  of  the  General  Assembly  the 
appended  bill,  or  support  any  other  bill 
of  similar  nature  that  is  introduced,  to 
the  end  that  the  workers  of  the  State  of 
Missouri  may  be  saved  from  this  unjust 
burden  and  their  dependents  provided 
against  becoming  subjects  of  charity  and 
the  children  driven  into  the  industrial 
field. 

(Signed) 

JOHN  T.  FITZPATRICK, 
JOS.  GALLAGHER, 
ROBERT  BROWN. 

A BILL. 

To  modify  the  liability  of  employers  in 
negligence  actions,  as  regards  the  de- 
fenses of  assumption  of  risk,  fellow 
servants  and  contributory  negligence, 
and  to  repeal  section  — of  the  statutes, 
and  other  acts  inconsistent  with  this 
act. 

The  people  of  the  State  of  Missouri,  rep- 
resented in  Senate  and  Assembly,  do 
enact  as  follows : 


Section  1.  In  any  action  by  an  employe, 
or  his  personal  representative,  to  recover 
damages  for  personal  injury  sustained 
within  this  state  by  such  employe  while 
engaged  in  the  line  of  duty  as  such,  or  for 
death  resulting  from  personal  injury  so 
sustained,  in  which  action  recovery  is 
sought  upon  the  ground  of  the  negligence 
of  his  employer,  or  of  any  officer,  agent, 
or  servant  of  his  employer,  it  shall  not 
be  competent  for  the  employer  to  plead 
or  prove  as  a defense : 

] . That  the  employe,  either  expressly 
or  impliedly,  assumed  the  risk  of  the 
hazard  complained  of. 

2.  That  the  injury  or  death  was  caused 
in  whole  or  in  part,  by  the  negligence 
of  any  other  officer,  agent  or  servant  of 
the  employer  in  the  discharge  of,  or  by 
reason  of  failure  to  discharge,  his  duties 
a%  such. 

3.  That  the  employe  was  guilty  of  con- 
tributory negligence,  unless  his  want  of 
ordinary  care  proximately  contributed  to 
the  injury  in  degree  equal  to  or  greater 
than  the  want  of  ordinary  care  of  the 
employer,  or  of  such  officer,  agent,  or 
servant  of  the  employer,  proximately  con- 
tributed to  the  injury,  in  which  event 
alone  contributory  negligence  shall  con- 
stitute a defense. 

Sec.  2.  No  contract,  rule  or  regulation 
shall  exempt  the  employer  from  any  of 
the  provisions  of  this  act  unless  expressly 
so  provided  by  statute. 

Sec.  3.  The  term  “employer,”  as  used 
in  this  act,  shall  include  the  state,  any 
public,  quasi-public  or  municipal  corpora- 
tion therein,  and  any  person,  firm  or  cor- 
poration transacting  business  within  the 
state. 

Sec.  4.  Section  — of  the  statutes,  and 


Convention,  Missouri  Federation,  1910. 


155 


all  other  acts  or  parts  of  acts  inconsistent 
with  this  act  are  to  be  deemed  replaced 
by  this  act,  and  to  that  end  are  hereby 
repealed. 

A BILL 

To  define  the  liability  of  employers  in  per- 
sonal injury  cases,  to  waive  the  right 
to  recover  damages  for  personal  in- 
juries received  in  its  course  of  employ- 
ment except  in  certain  instances,  to  fix 
a measured  scale  of  compensation  for 
such  injuries,  and  to  provide  a system 
of  insurance  therefor. 

The  people  of  the  State  of  Missouri, 
represented  in  Senate  and  Assembly,  do 
enact  as  follows : 

Section  1.  The  provisions  of  this  act 
shall  apply  to  the  state  and  to  all  coun- 
ties, cities,  towns  and  villages.  They 
shall,  also  apply  to  any  person,  firm  or 
corporation  transacting  business  in  this 
state  that  shall  have  elected  to  accept  and 
operate  under  them.  When  any  person, 
firm  or  corporation  shall  have  notified  the 
commissioner  of  labor  and  industrial 
statistics  to  this  effect,  on  blanks  fur- 
nished for  this  purpose,  such  person,  firm 
or  corporation  shall  be  deemed  to  have 
accepted  all  the  provisions  of  this  act 
and  to  have  agreed  to  be  bound  by  them. 

Sec.  2.  The  term  “employer,”  as  used 
in  this  act,  includes  the  state,  every 
county,  city,  town  and  village,  and  any 
person,  firm  or  corporation  transacting 
business  in  this  state  that  has  an  em- 
ploye in  his  or  its  service,  and  that  has 
elected  to  operate  under  the  provisions 
of  this  act,  and  has  notified  the  commis- 
sioner of  labor  and  industrial  statistics 
as  herein  provided. 

Sec.  3.  The  term  “employe,”  as  used 
in  this  act,  includes  any  person  who  has 
engaged  to  work  or  render  any  service 
for  an  employer. 

Sec.  4.  Every  employer  shall  be  liable 
to  respond  in  damages  to  the  extent  of 
the  compensation  herein  provided  for  in- 
juries or  death  sustained  by  an  employe 
in  his  employment  while  engaged  in  the 
line  of  his  duty  as  such  employe,  except 
for  such  damages  as  are  caused  by  the 
willful  misconduct  of  such  employe. 

Sec.  5.  Every  person,  firm  or  corpora- 
tion engaged  in  business  in  this  state 
that  has  an  employe  in  his  or  its  service 
shall  be  presumed  to  have  accepted  the 
provisions  of  this  act.  Every  employe, 
as  a part  of  his  contract,  shall  be  deemed 
to  have  accepted  all  the  provisions  of 
this  act,  and  to  have  waived  his  right  to 
recover  damages  for  injuries  received 
other  than  the  compensation  herein  pro- 
vidid,  unless,  at  the  time  of  such  hiring, 
he  contracts  in  writing  to  the  contrary, 
in  which  case  the  employer  shall  not 
be  liable  under  the  provisions  of  this  act. 
Sec.  6.  Every  employer  shall  provide 


a measured  scale  of  compensation  for  in- 
juries or  death  sustained  by  any  employe 
in  his  employment,  which  shall  not  be 
less  than  the  compensation  specified  in 
section  12  of  this  act,  and  shall  keep  the 
risks  thereby  created  fully  covered  by  in- 
surance in  such  casualty  companies  or 
mutual  corporations  as  have  been  ap- 
proved for  that  purpose  by  the  Insurance 
Department  of  this  state.  Such  scale  of 
compensation,  when  and  so  long  as  it  is 
kept  fully  covered  by  insurance,  shall  re- 
lieve said  employer  from  liability  for  in- 
jury or  death  sustained  by  any  employe 
in  his  employment  while  engaged  in  the 
line  of  his  duty  as  such  employe. 

Sec.  7.  The  conditions  of  insurance 
required  in  section  6 of  this  act  may  be 
met  in  any  one  of  the  following  ways : 

( 1 ) Any  employer  may  purchase  a 
policy,  which  shall  fully  cover  the  risks 
created  by  the  adoption  of  a scale  of 
compensation  in  his  employment*  of  any 
casualty  company  approved  for  that  pur- 
pose by  the  Insurance  Department  of 
this  State ; or 

(2)  Any  association  of  employers  may 
organize  a mutual  insurance  company  in 
accordance  with  the  insurance  laws  of 
this  State  for  the  purpose  of  providing 
insurance  to  cover  risks  created  by  the 
adoption  of  a scale  of  compensation ; or 

(3)  Any  employer  or  association  of 

employers  employing  a sufficient  number 
of  men  may  organize  a mutual  insurance 
company  in  accordance  with  the  insur- 
ance laws  of  this  State,  of  which  said 
employer  or  employers  and  his  or  their 
employes  shall  be  members,  for  the  pur- 
pose of  providing  insurance  to  cover  risks 
created  by  the  adoption  of  a scale  of 

compensation. 

Sec.  8.  The  employer"  shall  pay  the 

premiums  for  such  insurance. 

(OR  SUBSTITUTE  THE  FOLLOWING 
SECTION)  : 

Sec.  8.  The  employer  shall  pay  the 

premiums  for  such  insurance,  but  he  may 
be  reimbursed  by  the  State  to  the  extent 
of  one-fifth  of  the  reasonable  amount 

paid  as  such  premiums.  A claim  for 
such  reimbursement,  ’accompanied  by  the 
receipts  for  the  full  amount  of  premiums 
paid,  shall  be  filed  with  the  Secretary  of 
State,  and  when  the  same  has  been  audit- 
ed, it  shall  be  paid  out  of  the  general 
funds  of  the  State. 

Sec.  9.  Any  employer  who  has  elected 
to  provide  compensation  covered  by  in- 
surance shall  file  a statement  to  that 
effect,  on  blanks  furnished  for  that  pur- 
pose, with  the  commissioner  of  labor 
and  industrial  statistics,  which  shall  set 
forth  the  fact  that  he  desires  to  provide 
such  compensation,  and  give  the  name  of 
the  casualty  insurance  company  or  mut- 


156 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics,  1910. 


ual  corporation  that  has  agreed  to  as- 
sume the  risk. 

Sec.  10.  Any  casualty  insurance  com- 
pany or  mutual  corporation  that  engages 
to  assume  risks  for  compensation  shall 
issue  a policy  to  the  employer  covering 
all  persons  in  his  employment  during  the 
term  of  such  policy,  and  shall  be  bound 
thereby  to  pay  the  compensation  agreed 
upon,  which  shall  not  be  less  than  that 
specified  in  this  act  for  injury  or  death 
sustained  by  any  person  so  employed 
during  the  term  of  the  policy  or  to  his 
legal  representative,  regardless  of  the 
time  when  such  injured  person  was  em- 
ployed. 

Sec.  11.  The  Commissioner  of  Labor 
and  Industrial  Statistics  shall  perform 
the  following  duties  in  relation  to  the 
administration  of  this  law : 

( 1 ) He  shall  carefully  examine  all 
statements  made  by  employers  who  de- 
sire to  provide  the  compensatiop  herein 
specified,  approve  all  such  applications  as 
show  that  the  insurance  is  to  be  obtained 
in  duly  authorized  companies,  and  notify 
the  employer  of  his  approval  in  proper 
form. 

(2)  He  shall  cause  all  blanks  neces- 
sary for  the  successful  operation  of  this 
act  to  be  printed,  and  shall  furnish  the 
same  upon  request,  free  of  charge  to  any 
employer,  He  shall  also  publish  a list 
of  employers  operating  under  this  act  in 
a newspaper  of  the  county,  city  or  town 
in  which  said  employers  are  situated  as 
he  may  deem  best,  at  least  once  a year. 

Sec.  12.  The  compensation,  payable 
according  to  this  act,  shall  be  as  pro- 
vided in  the  folowing  schedule : 

(1)  In  case  of  disability,  the  compensa- 
tion shall  be  rendered  as  follows  from  the 
beginning  of  the  third  week  after  the 
day  of  the  accident : 

(a)  Free  medical  treatment,  medicines 
and  other  means  of  treatment ; also,  the 
facilities  (crutches,  supporting  apparatus, 
etc.),  to  insure  the  success  of  the  treat- 
ment and  diminish  the  effects  of  the  in- 
jury. 

(b)  A pension  as  long  as  the  disability 
lasts  or  until  the  amount  of  the  indemnity 
paid  equals  the  amount  payable  as  a 
death  benefit. 

(c)  The  amount  of  the  pension  shall 
be : 

First : In  the  case  of  total  disability 
and  as  long  as  it  lasts  or  until  the  in- 
demnity paid  equals  the  amount  of  com- 
pensation payable  as  a death  benefit,  65 
per  cent  of  the  annual  earnings  (full 
pension). 

Second : In  the  case  of  partial  dis- 

ability and  as  long  as  it  lasts  or  until  the 
indemnity  paid  equals  the  same  propor- 
tion of  the  amount  of  compensation  pay- 
able as  a death  benefit,  a part  of  full 


pension  apportioned  to  the  loss,  through 
the  accident,  of  the  earning  capacity 
( partial  pension ) . 

(d)  If,  in  consequence  of  the  accident, 
the  injured  person  is  rendered  not  only 
entirely  incapable  of  work,  but  also  suffi- 
ciently helpless  to  require  attendance  and 
care  of  a nurse,  the  compensation  shall 
be  increased  to  100  per  cent  of  the  annual 
earnings  as  long  as  this  condition  con- 
tinues. 

(e)  If  the  injured  person  was,  at  the  time 
of  the  accident,  already  suffering  from 
partial  and  permanent  disability,  and  was 
at  that  time  receiving  compensation  for 
such  disability,  no  compensation  shall  be 
made  save  that  prescribed  in  subdivision 
“a”  of  this  section.  If  such  an  injured 
person  has  been  rendered  so  helpless  by 
the  accident  as  to  require  attendance  and 
care  from  others,  a compensation  of  not 
more  than  one-half  of  the  full  compen- 
sation shall  be  granted. 

(f)  If  the  period  of  disability  lasts 
more  than  two  weeks,  compensation  shall 
be  payable  from  the  day  after  the  ac- 
cident. 

(2)  In  case  the  accident  results  in 
death,  the  compensation  shall  include  the 
benefits  provided  in  subsection  1 of  this 
section  for  the  period  before  death  and 
an  additional  amount  sufficient  to  make 
the  whole  compensation  equal  to  the  fol- 
lowing : 

(a)  If  the  injured  person  leaves  any 
person  or  persons  wholly  dependent  on 
his  earnings  at  the  time  of  his  death,  a 
sum  equal  to  three  times  his  earnings 
computed  according  to  the  provisions  of 
section  14  in  the  employment  of  the  same 
employer  during  the  year  next  preceding 
the  injury,  but  not  less  than  $1,000  nor 
more  than  $3,000  ; this  sum  shall  be  paid 
as  wages  and  at  the  same  intervals  until 
the  whole  amount  has  been  paid,  unless 
the  county  judge  of  the  county  in  which 
said  dependent  resides,  upon  application 
made  to  him  for  that  purpose,  shall  have 
determined  that  such  compensation  should 
be  paid  in  a lump  sum. 

(b)  If  the  injured  person  leaves  per- 
sons partly  dependent  upon  his  earnings, 
a sum  equal  to  the  payments  provided 
for  the  benefit  of  persons  wholly  depend- 
ent less  three  times  the  average  annual 
earnings  of  those  partly  dependent  upon 
such  injured  person  at  the  time  of  his 
death. 

(c)  If  the  injured  person  leaves  no 
dependents,  a reasonable  amount  for  his 
burial,  which  shall  not  exceed  $100.00. 

Sec.  13.  When  personal  accident  or 
health  insurance  is  carried  by  an  employe 
in  addition  to  the  compensation  herein 
provided,  the  claims  for  benefits  to  cover 
disability  shall  be  prorated  between  the 
company  carrying  the  risks  for  compensa- 


Convention,  Missouri  F ecleration,  1910. 


157 


tion  and  the  company  or  association 
carrying  such  personal  accident  or  health 
insurance,  so  that  the  total  amount  of 
indemnity  payable  for  disability  shall  not 
exceed  80  per  cent  of  the  average  weekly 
wages  earned  by  such  employe  at  the 
time  of  the  accident. 

Sec.  14.  The  basis  for  computing  the 
compensation  specified  in  section  12  shall 
be  as  follows: 

( 1 ) The  compensation  is  to  be  com- 
puted on  the  basis  of  the  annual  earnings 
which  the  injured  person  received  as 
salary  or  wages  during  the  preceding  year 
in  that  employment,  and  in  such  com- 
pensation wages  or  salary  in  excess  of 
$1,000  shall  not  be  considered. 

(2)  The  annual  earnings,  if  not  ob- 
tained from  amounts  determined  at  least 
weekly,  are  to  be  regarded  as  300  times 
the  average  daily  earnings.  For  insured 
persons  in  employments  in  which  it  is  the 
custom  to  operate  for  a part  of  the  whole 
number  of  working  days,  such  number 
shall  be  used  instead  of  300  as  a basis 
from  which  to  reckon  the  daily  earnings. 

(3)  If  the  injured  person  has  not  been 
employed  in  the  employment  for  a full 
year  immediately  preceding  the  accident, 
the  compensation  shall  be  reckoned  ac- 
cording to  the  annual  earnings  which  the 
insured  persons  of  the  same  class  of  the 
same  or  any  neighboring  employment  of 
the  same  kind  have  earned  during  this 
period.  If  this  is  impossible,  300  times 
the  amount  which  the  injured  person 
earned  on  an  average  on  those  days  when 
he  was  working  during  the  year  preceding 
the  accident  is  to  be  used  for  the  basis 
for  the  computation. 

(4)  In  the  case  of  injured  persons  who 
earned  either  no  wage  or  less  than  300 
times  the  usual  daily  wage  of  adult  day 
laborers  of  that  locality,  the  yearly  wage 
shall  be  reckoned  as  300  times  this  aver- 
age local  daily  wage. 

(5)  In  computing  the  compensation  in 
the  case  considered  in  subdivision  “e”  of 
subsection  1 of  section  12  for  persons 
who  before  the  accident  were  already 
partially  and  permanently  disabled,  a frac- 
tion of  the  average  local  daily  wage  ap- 
portioned to  their  working  capacity  be- 
fore the  accident  is  to  be  used  as  a basis 
for  computation. 

Sec.  15.  No  claim  for  compensation 
for  injury  under  this  act  shall  be  pay- 
able unless  notice  of  such  injury  shall 
have  been  given  to  the  employer  within 
six  months  after  its  occurrence.  Such 
notice  of  such  injury  shall  have  been  given 
to  the  employe  within  six  months  after 
its  occurrence.  Such  notice  shall  be  in 
writing,  and  shall  contain  the  name  and 
address  of  the  person  injured,  and  shall 
give  the  time,  place  and  nature  of  the 
injury,  and  shall  be  signed  by  the  person 


injured,  or  by  a person  in  his  behalf. 
Such  notice  shall  be  in  duplicate  and  a 
copy  filed  with  the  county  judge  of  the 
county  in  which  the  employe  resides. 
Such  notice  shall  be  enclosed  in  a sealed 
envelope,  addressed  to  the  employer  upon 
whom  it  is  to  be  served  at  his  last  known 
place  of  business,  and  sent  to  him  by 
registered  mail. 

Sec.  16.  Any  dispute  arising  under  this 
act  shall  be  submitted  to  a board  of  arbi- 
tration consisting  of  three  members.  The 
Commissioner  of  Labor  and  Industrial 
Statistics  shall  be  ex  officio  a member  of 
such  board.  He  may,  however,  authorize 
the  deputy  commissioner  to  act  in  his 
place.  Within  thirty  days  after  the  pas- 
sage of  this  act  the  governor  shall  ap- 
point a member  who  shall  serve  one 
year  and  another  who  shall  serve  two 
years.  Thereafter  such  members  shall  be 
appointed  for  a term  of  two  years.  One 
of  such  members  shall  be  an  employer  and 
the  other  an  employe.  Vacancies  shall 
be  filled  for  the  unexpired  term.  Each 
member,  before  entering  upon  the  duties 
of  his  office,  shall  take  the  oath  pre- 
scribed by  the  constitution.  Each  mem- 
ber, other  than  the  Commissioner  of  Labor 
and  Industrial  Statistics,  shall  be  al- 
lowed five  dollars  a day  for  each  day’s 
service  so  rendered  and  five  cents  a mile 
for  each  mile  necessarily  traveled  in  the 
discharge  of  such  duties.  Such  per  diem 
and  traveling  expenses  and  any  other  ex- 
penses necessarily  incurred  by  such  board 
of  arbitration  shall  be  paid  out  of  the  gen- 
eral funds  of  the  State. 

Sec.  17.  The  board  shall  organize  by 
choosing  one  member  as  chairman  and 
another  as  secretary.  It  shall  adopt  its 
own  rules  of  procedure  which  shall  be 
summary  in  character  and  may  change 
the  same  from  time  to  time  at  its  own 
discretion.  Such  rules  and  the  changes 
that  may  be  made  in  the  same  shall  be 
filed  with  the  Secretary  of  State,  and 
shall  be  in  force  as  soon  as  they  have  been 
filed.  All  requests  or  communications  in- 
tended for  such  board  shall  be  addressed 
to  the  Commissioner  of  Labor  and  In- 
dustrial Statistics,  who  shall  refer  them 
at  once  to  the  board  for  its  action. 

Sec.  18.  The  board  shall  appoint  a 
time  and  place  for  hearing,  which  shall  be 
held  within  thirty  days  after  the  receipt 
of  an  application  for  such  action.  It 
may  adjourn  the  same  from  time  to  time 
at  its  own  discretion,  either  upon  motion 
of  a member  or  upon  application  from 
either  party  to  the  dispute. 

Sec.  19.  The  board  of  arbitration  shall 
have  full  authority  to  subpoena  and  ex- 
amine witnesses,  to  visit  the  place  or 
plant  where  the  accident  occurred,  to  in- 
spect the  time  books  and  pay  roll  of  the 
employer,  to  direct  the  injured  employe 


158 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


to  be  examined  by  any  regular  practic- 
ing physician  of  the  county  in  which  such 
injured  employe  resides  whom  it  may 
designate,  and  to  determine  all  matters  in 
dispute/  Subpoenas  may  be  issued  and 
oaths  administered  by  any  member  of  the 
board.  All  the  members  of  said  board 
shall  meet  and  as  a board  hear  all  the 
testimony  and  examine  all  the  evidence 
submitted  relative  to  the  question  in  dis- 


pute; but  an  award  by  the  majority  of 
them  shall  be  valid.  They  shall  make  and 
sign  an  award  in  writing,  which  shall 
specify  the  amount  of  compensation  to 
be  paid,  and  which  shall  be  final.  When 
such  an  award  has  been  signed,  it  shall 
be  filed  with  the  judge  of  the  circuit 
court  of  the  county  in  which  the  accident 
occurred,  and  a judgment  of  said  court 
may  be  rendered  on  this  award. 


STRIKE  AT  ILASCO  IN  MAY,  1910. 


In  May  of  1910,  machinists  in  the  employ  of  a cement  company  at  Ilasco, 
Ralls  county,  disagreed  with  the  management  of  the  plant  over  hours  and 
wages.  Unable  to  settle  the  trouble  in  any  other  way,  they  finally  went  bn 
strike.  In  course  of  the  controversy,  the  State  Militia  was  sent  there  before, 
it  is  said,  any  acts  of  violence  were  threatened  or  committed. 

The  responsibility  of  this  call  for  the  militia  received  attention  during  the 
1910  convention  of  the  Missouri  Federation  of  Labor.  Resolutions  protesting 
vigorously  against  this  act  were  submitted  by  B.  F.  Brown,  President,  and  R. 
B.  Leeds,  Recording  Secretary,  of  the  Hannibal  Trades  and  Labor  Assembly. 

The  following  resolution,  pertaining  to  the  controversy,  was  finally  adopt- 
ed by  the  Convention: 


Whereas,  The  State  military  has  re- 
cently been  used,  apparently  for  no  other 
purpose  than  to  intimidate  members  of  or- 
ganized labor  about  to  engage  in  a strug- 
gle to  better  their  condition,  thereby  prov- 
ing, beyond  a doubt,  that  our  often  re- 
peated claim,  namely,  that  the  State  mi- 
litia, when  employed  during  labor 


troubles,  is  for  the  purpose  of  intimida- 
tion rather  than  to  maintain  order ; there- 
fore, be  it 

Resolved,  That  the  Missouri  State  Feder- 
ation of  Labor,  in  convention  assembled, 
condemns  the  practice  of  using  the  State 
militia  during  labor  disputes  under  any 
pretext  whatsoever. 


LETTER  EXPLAINED  MATTERS  FULLY. 

The  following  explaining  letter  from  Governor  Hadley  was 
read,  and  is  given  in  the  proceedings  of  the  1910  Missouri  Fed- 
eration Convention  as  document  No.  95  of  the  convention. 

Jefferson  City,  Mo.,  June  3,  1910. 
Mr.  R.  B.  Leeds,  Secretary  Hannibal  Trades  and  Labor  As- 
sembly, Hannibal,  Mo.: 

Dear  Sir — I beg  to  acknowledge  receipt  of  your  communi- 
cation of  May  24th  protesting  against  the  use  of  the  National 
Guard  for  police  duty  before  any  act  of  violence  has  been 
attempted  and  while  the  situation  can  be  controlled  by  local 
authorities. 

I beg  to  advise  you  that  I entirely  agree  with  the  position 
taken  by  your  assembly  upon  this  proposition,  viz.,  that  the 
National  Guard  of  the  State  should  not  be  used  for  police  duty 
before  any  acts  of  violence  have  been  attempted  and  while  the 
situation  can  be  controlled  by  local  authorities.  Had  I not 
been  informed,  on  information  that  I felt  I had  a right  to  rely, 
both  that  acts  of  violence  had  been  attempted,  and  that  the 
situation  could  not  be  controlled  by  the  local  authorities,  I 
would  not  have  sent  troops  to  Ilasco.  On  the  morning  of  the 
day  that  this  order  was  made,  the  prosecuting  attorney,  Mr. 
Briscoe,  and  the  sheriff,  Mr.  Roland,  telephoned  to  the  Adju- 
tant-General and  myself  that  some  1,500  foreigners  em- 
ployed at  the  cement  works  were  rioting,  committing  acts  of 
violence,  and  asking  that  troops  be  sent  at  once.  I declined 


Convention,  Missouri  Federation,  1910. 


159 


to  accede  to  this  request,  and  advised  the  prosecuting  attor- 
ney to  make  a further  investigation  and  to  wire  me  later  as 
to  the  situation.  Later  in  the  day  he  sent  me  the  following 
telegram: 


“.New  London,  Mo.,  May  16,  1910. 
“Governor  Hadley,  Jefferson  City,  Mo.: 

“Send  300  militia  at  once  to  Ilasco,  Ralls  county,  to  sup- 
press insurrection  and  lawlessness.  A state  of  lawlessness, 
tumult,  mob  riot  and  resistance  to  the  laws  of  the  State  by  a 
body  of  men  acting  together  by  force  with  intent  to  resist 
laws  and  offer  violence  to  persons  and  property,  exists  at 
Ilasco.  Fifteen  hundred  men  are  striking  at  Atlas  Cement 
Works. 

“J.  O.  ROLAND,  Sheriff  Ralls  Co. 

“JACK  BRISCOE,  Pros.  Att’y.” 

I thereupon  requested  Col.  Buffum  and  Capt.  W.  J.  Hill, 
both  members  of  my  personal  staff,  to  make  an  investigation 
and  advise  me  as  to  the  situation.  While  neither  of  them 
visited  the  plant,  they  made  inquiries  of  reputable  parties 
and  advised  me  that  there  was,  in  their  opinion,  a necessity 
for  troops.  I thereupon  sent  something  like  half  the  number 
of  troops  that  had  been  requested.  The  day  after  they 
arrived  at  Ilasco,  Col.  Clay  McDonald,  who  was  in  command, 
and  who,  by  the  way,  is  an  old  Confederate  soldier,  advised 
me  that  the  troops  that  he  had  were  insufficient  to  preserve 
order  and  prevent  acts  of  violence,  and  requested  150  addi- 
tional troops.  I complied  w'ith  this  request  to  the  extent  of 
sending  one  additional  company. 

I kept  in  constant  touch  with  the  situation,  and  as  soon 
as  the  feeling  that  had  been  aroused  at  the  beginning  of  this 
controversy  had  subsided,  I directed  the  withdrawal  of  the 
troops,  as  I entirely  agree  with  the  position  taken  by  your 
assembly  that  the  National  Guard  of  Missouri  should  not  be 
used  for  police  duty,  where  the  situation  can,  and  should,  be 
controlled  by  the  local  authorities. 

I also  notified  the  sheriff  that  he  would  be  expected  to 
preserve  order,  and  advised  the  prosecuting  attorney  to  com- 
mence proceedings.  * * * * I have  since  communicated 

what  information  I had  upon  this  subject  to  the  prosecuting 
attorney,  and  requested  that  he  take  action  * * * 

I wish  further  to  advise  you  that,  acting  under  my  in- 
structions, the  members  of  the  National  Guard  carefully 
avoided  taking  any  sides  in  the  controversy  between  the 
employers  and  employes,  and  left  with  the  best  of  feeling 
between  the  members  of  the  guard  and  the  workingmen.  It 
was  the  opinion  of  Col.  Macdonald  that  the  use  of  the  Na- 
tional Guard  in  this  instance  was  clearly  justified,  and  from 
other  sources  of  information  upon  which  I acted,  I felt  that  I 
would  have  been  derelict  in  my  duty  had  I not  done  that 
which  was  necessary  to  preserve  order  and  protect  life  and 
property. 

It  is  as' much  to  the  benefit  of  the  labor  classes  as  it  is  to 
the  benefit  of  the  employers  .of  labor  that  acts  of  violence, 
resulting  in  the  destruction  of  lives  and  property,  be  avoided. 
This,  and  this  only,  will  I undertake  to  accomplish,  and  I 
wish,  in  conclusion,  to  advise  you  that  I shall  be  glad  at  all 
times  to  receive  such  respectful  communications  from  prepre- 
sentatives  of  organized  labor  as  is  your  communication  of 
May  24th.  Very  truly  yours, 

HERBERT  S.  HADLEY,  Governor. 


160 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


ACTION  OF  CONVENTION  ON  MATTER. 

Motion  by  Delegate  W.  J.  Morgan  to  giv§,  Governor  Had- 
ley a chance  to  address  the  delegates  and  explain  this  matter. 

Motion  received  no  second,  as  the  delegates  considered  the 
letter  explained  matters  fully. 

St.  Joseph  is  Honored. 

St.  Joseph  was  selected  as  the  place  for  holding  the  1911  convention.  The 
following  1910-11  officers  of  the  Missouri  State  Federation  were  elected: 

OFFICERS  MISSOURI  STATE  FEDERATION  OF  LABOR, 

1910-11. 

Executive  Committee,  1910-11. 

OWEN  MIDLER  President 

3535  Pine  Street,  St.  Louis. 

C.  B.  DYSART First  Vice-President 

425  South  Ault  Street,  Moberly. 

J.  W.  LaFEVER Second  Vice-President 

3940A  St.  Louis  Avenue,  St.  Louis. 

JOS.  A.  DORIZZI Third  Vice-President 

1030  West  Sixth  Street,  Joplin. 

JOHN  T.  SMITH Secretary-Treasurer 

1402  Woodland  Avenue,  Kansas  City. 

Legislative  Committee,  1911. 

. JOHN  T.  FITZPATRICK,  Chairman, 

1833  Lawn  Avenue,  Kansas  City 

C.  F.  DEEDOM,  Secretary Moberly 

FRANK  R.  HOWARD 1413  Charlotte  Street,  Kansas  City 

Statistician,  1911. 

KARL  F.  SCHWEIZER. . .Waterworks  Building,  Kansas  City 

Delegate  to  A.  F.  of  L.  Convention,  1910. 

CHAS.  HERTENSTEIN 810  Olive  Street,  St.  Louis 

Fraternal  Delegate  to  Kansas  State  F.  of  L. 

MRS.  SADIE  SPRAGGON, 

Room  1,  Fraternal  Building,  St.  Louis 

Fraternal  Delegate  to  Arkansas  State  F.  of  L. 

JULIUS  CRONIN.... 1553  Broadway,  Hannibal 


WILL  ADVOCATE  LABOR  REFORMS. 

Organized  labor  will  have  an  active,  energetic  and  capable  representative 
in  the  Legislature  during  the  1911  session,  in  person  of  Editor  Charles  W.  Fear 
of  the  Missouri  Trades  Unionist  of  Joplin,  who  has  been  selected  by  the  voters 
of  Jasper  county,  as  one  of  their  Representatives.  He  was  a member  of  the 
Labor  Legislative  committees  of  1907  and  1909,  and  as  such  did  some  splendid 
work.  He  is  a member  of  the  printing  fraternity  of  his  city,  and  as  a member 
of  organized  labor  he  stands  committed  in  favor  of  all  the  legislation  this  power- 
ful body  will  ask  for  at  the  coming  session. 

The  views  of  Editor  Fear  on  certain  needed  labor  legislation  is  outlined  in 
the  following  article  he  has  contributed  to  this  publication. 


LABOR  LEADERS  OF  JOPLIN 


J.  J.  Shelby , 

H.  H.  Hall,  Chairman. 


Joplin's  Labor  Day  Committee. 

Charles  W.  Fear,  Secretary . 
John  lahn.  H.  Monteith. 


Mr.  William  White, 

President,  of  Joplin  Bartenders'  Union. 


Mr.  C.  B.  Dysart  of  Moberly. 
Vice-President,  Missouri  State  Federation  of 
Labor,  1909-10  and  1910-11. 


Extend  State  Free  Employment  Service. 


161 


LEGISLATION  DESIRED  BY  ORGANIZED  LABOR. 


By  Charles  W.  Fear,  Editor  of 

The  forces  of  labor  organized  under 
the  banner  of  the  Missouri  Federation  of 
Labor  desire  much  technical  legislation 
which  will  benefit  the  toilers  in  the  many 
different  crafts,  but  the  State  Convention, 
held  at  Jefferson  City,  during  September, 
1910,  declared  positively  that  it  would 
work  for  three  laws  during  the  Forty- 
sixth  General  Assembly,  which  laws  are : 

First — An  act  to  abolish  the  present 
system  of  leasing  convicts. 

Second — An  act  relating  to  the  lia- 
bility of  employers  for  injuries  to  their 
employes. 

Third — -An  act  to  regulate  hours  of  em- 
ployment of  females  in  certain  establish- 
ments; the  creation  of  a 54-hour  week. 

Convict  Labor. 

The  first  bill  is  the  result  of  twelve 
years  of  agitation  in  this  State,  and  will 
prohibit  the  further  leasing  by  State 
officials  of  the  State  convicts.  In  place 
of  the  present  system  it  is  proposed  that 
Missouri  shall  adopt  the  successful  plan 
now  in  operation  in  the  State  of  New 
York,  which  provides  that  the  prisoners 
shall  work  for,  and  the  products  of  their 
labor  may  be  disposed  of  to  the  State,  or 
any  political  subdivision  thereof,  or  for 
or  to  any  public  institution  under  or 
managed  and  controlled  by  the  State  or 
any  political  subdivision  thereof.  State 
control  is  the  first  thing  sought  by  the 
unions,  after  which  it  will  be  easy  to 
substitute  a more  profitable  plan  and  a 
method  of  reformation  which  will  be  bene- 
ficial to  both  prisoners  and  the  State  at 
large.  In  view  of  the  fact  that  all  parties 
in  Missouri — Republican,  Democratic  and 
Socialists — have  declared  for  the  abol- 
ition of  the  leasing  system,  the  change 
must  undoubtedly  take  place  at  the  end 
of  the  present  contracts,  which,  it  is 
charged,  were  illegally  made,  and  could 
be  abrogated  under  a strict  construction 
of  the  law  requiring  publication  of  notice 
for  a certain  period  prior  to  making  con- 
tracts. Many  other  states  have  abolished 
the  leasing  system,  and  Missouri  must 
sooner  or  later  meet  the  demands  of  civil- 
ization for  more  humane  treatment  of 
prisoners ; therefore  the  State  must  as- 
sume full  control  of  prisoners  and  inaugu- 


the  Missouri  Trades  Unionist. 

rate  reformation  methods  desired  by  the 
public. 

Employers’  Liability. 

Labor’s  second  chief  bill  will  be  in  line 
with  the  general  movement  over  the  world 
for  compensation  for  toilers  injured  or 
killed  in  different  industries,  and  will  pro- 
vide for  abolishment  of  the  defense  known 
as  the  fellow-servant  rule,  and  will  make 
the  questions  of  negligence,  contributory 
negligence,  and  assumption  of  risk  en- 
tirely questions  to  be  decided  by  the 
jury.  The  measure  meets  with  the  ap- 
proval of  many  of  the  leading  lawyers 
of  the  State  and  as  a majority  of  the 
present  legislature  stand  committed  to 
this  measure  it  will  undoubtedly  become 
a law  during  the  Forty-sixth  General  As- 
sembly. 

The  third  measure,  the  woman’s  fifty- 
four  hour  a week  bill,  is  in  line  with  a 
general  movement  to  reduce  the  number  of 
hours  of  labor  for  females,  and  meets 
with  approval  of  humanitarians,  as  well 
as  with  the  leaders  of  organized  labor  of 
the  State  and  nation. 

State  Free  Employment  Department. 

In  addition  to  these  three  bills  organ- 
ized labor  of  the  State  of  Missouri  is  in- 
terested in  seeing  the  free  employment 
bureaus  of  this  State  placed  on  a more 
wider  basis,  and  to  that  end  desire  that 
the  system  be  extended  to  cities  of  10,000, 
and  that  large  enough  appropriations  be 
made  to  permit  the  State  Labor  Bureau 
officials  to  properly  conduct  the  free  em- 
ployment offices,  as  well  as  the  depart- 
ment itself.  Another  department  is  the 
Factory  Inspection  Department,  which 
should  be  given  an  appropriation  for  the 
conduct  of  its  affairs  and  the  fee  system 
should  be  abolished.  These  questions, 
and  kindred  ones,  are  being  discussed  by 
members  of  organized  labor  in  their  lodge 
rooms  and  State  conventions,  and  work- 
ingmen are  becoming  more  active  in  the 
political  world,  indicating  that  the  legisla- 
tion desired  must  be  granted  to  the  toilers 
by  those  in  positions  of  trust  if  they  wish 
to  continue  in  those  positions.  Failing  in 
securing  legislation  asked  for,  the  toilers 
of  Missouri  will  adopt  methods  of  getting 
results  which  will  prove  disastrous  to 
those  who  stand  in  their  way. 


A NOTABLE  EVENT  IN  JOPLIN’S  LABOR  HISTORY. 

The  Joint  Labor  Day  celebration  held  in  Joplin,  Mo.,  September  5,  1910,  was 
participated  in  by  labor  organizations  from  the  four  states — Kansas,  Arkansas, 
Oklahoma  and  Missouri.  A committee  of  five  unionists  of  Joplin,  assisted  by 
subcommittees  in  many  towns,  worked  for  months  on  the  celebration.  Governor 
Herbert  S.  Hadley  was  the  speaker  of  the  day,  and  Hon.  James  A.  Reed  of  Kansas 
City,  United  States  Senator-elect,  was  also  on  the  program.  It  was  estimated  that 
forty  thousand  persons  participated  in  the  celebration.  Many  train  loads  came  in, 
thousands  coming  from  surrounding  towns. 

O L — 11 


162 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


HISTORY  OF  CIGARMAKERS’  LOCAL  NO.  44. 


PROGRESS  OF  A STRONG  ORGANIZATION. 

(By  a Cigar  Maker.) 

The  history  of  Cigar  Makers  Union  No.  44  forms  an  integral  part  of  the  St. 
Louis  labor  movemerit.  As  early  as  1858  the  foundation  of  the  present  trade  union 
Was  laid  in  the  formation  of  a union  which  received  its  charter,  number  16,  from 
what  was  then  known  as  the  Cigar  Makers  National  Union  of  America.  This  local 
Union,  however,  disbanded  in  1876.  The  result  very  soon  became  apparent  that 
organization  was  necessary,  as  wages  continuously  decreased  until  cigars  were 
made  for  as  low  as  $2.00  per  1,000,  and  very  frequently  the  workmen  even  compelled 
to  accept  truck  (cigars)  in  lieu  of  wages,  which  they,  in  turn,  were  obliged  to 
peddle  from  place  to  place  to  obtain  a few  dollars  with  which  to  purchase  the 
bare  necessities  of  life. 

This  obnoxious  and  unbearable  state  of  affairs  aroused  the  spirit  of  organi- 
zation, and  accordingly  a small  number  of  men  (of  whom  a few  still  survive) 
met  and  agreed  to  again  form  a Union,  and  on  December  11,  1877;  were  granted  a 
charter  under  the  Cigar  Makers  International  Union  of  America.  Very  little 
progress  was  made  until  finally  the  twenty  or  thirty  members  in  good  standing 
concluded  that  it  were  better  to  have  no  union  at  all  than  one  merely  in  name, 
determined  to  make  a bold  effort  to  win  the  town  to  unionism  or  abandon  it  en- 
tirely, the  remnant  of  the  union  thinking  that 

“He  either  fears  his  fate  too  much. 

Or  his  deserts  are  small 
Who  fears  to  put  it  to  the  touch 
And  win  or  lose  it  all.” 


BILL  OF  PRICES  DRAFTED. 

Having  decided  upon  said  course  this  corporal’s  guard  drafted  a bill  of  prices 
and  boldly  declared  a general  strike  in  all  shops  not  acceding  to  the  demands. 
The  object  sought  ended  successfully  after  an  eight  weeks’  struggle,  viz.,  in  a 
very  decided  increase  in  membership,  and  henceforth  spurred  the  members  on  to 
final  success. 

Several  months  later  the  larger  firms  forced  a lock-out  in  the  dead  of  winter, 
placing  a number  of  members  at  great  disadvantage,  resulting  in  temporary  de- 
feat. In  April,  1880,  the  Union  succeeded  in  regaining  the  decrease  in  wages 
caused  by  lock-out,  together  with  an  additional  increase,  and  a membership  up- 
ward of  250. 

Pacific  Coast  Cigar  Makers  (employes  and  employers)  had  adopted  a white 
label  to  fight  Chinese  competition.  To  the  local  Cigar  Makers  Union  No.  44  can  be 
credited  the  adoption  of  a Union  label  (red)  to  distinguish  Union  made  cigars  from 
nonunion. 

At  the  Chicago  International  Convention  in  Sept.,  1880,  largely  through 
the  efforts  of  the  St.  Louis  delegate,  a general  Union  label  was  adopted,  now 
popularly  known  as  the  Blue  Union  Label. 

Union  No.  44  holds  the  distinct  honor  of  being  the  first  Trade  Union  celebrat- 
ing Labor  Day  in  St.  Louis,  assisted  by' a number  of  musicians  and  a scattering 
membership  of  several  other  crafts.  The  result  of  this  initiative  is  fresh  in 
everyone’s  memory.  It  is  but  natural  that  Union  No.  44  would  not  rest  with  its 
first  success.  The  next  step  of  importance  was  the  inauguration  of  a local  out- 
of-work  benefit  paid  to  unemployed  members  for  sixteen  weeks  per  year,  which 
idea  was  later  adopted  by  the  International  Union  at  its  twenty-fifth  anniversary 
in  1889,  and  the  limit  of  time  for  which  this  benefit  is  paid  has  been  extended. 

During  the  financial  and  Industrial  panic  extending  from  1893  to  1897,  which 
was  most  keenly  felt  during  the  winter  months,  and  most  apparent  among  the 
traveling  cigar  makers  who  passed  through  St.  Louis  in  search  of  employment, 
in  addition  to  the  out-of-work  benefit,  to  alleviate  the  temporary  distress  the 
Union  established  a free  lodging  house  for  its  members,  to  which  food  was  con- 
tributed and  a salaried  attendant  provided,  Cigar  Makers  Union  No.  44  being  the 
only  union  in  this  city  to  provide  such  relief  for  its  members. 


Cigarmakers  of  St.  Louis,  1858  to  1911. 


163 


BENEFITS  OF  THE  ORDER. 

Additional  benefits  have  since  been  inaugurated  by  Cigar  Makers  Local  Union 
No.  44,  viz.:  Supplying  members  with  tools  upon  obtaining  work;  granting  meal 
and  lodging  tickets  for  a limited  number  of  days  to  strangers  of  the  craft  seeking 
employment,  and  issuing  boardinghouse  orders  to  those  obtaining  work  until  able 
to  pay  their  own  way;  assisting  invalid  and  incapacitated  members  with  a small 
weekly  pension,  together  with  paying  their  weekly  dues  and  assessments,  in  order 
to  maintain  the  various  benefits  due  them  from  the  International  Union,  all  of 
which  has  entailed  a vast  expenditure  of  money,  but  bespeaks  a volume  of  good 
accomplished  through  organization  and  solidarity.  In  addition  to  maintaining  a 
fair  rate  of  wages,  reducing  the  hours  of  labor  to  eight  (which  have  been  enjoyed 
by  the  craft  since  1886)  and  generally  improved  sanitary  conditions. 

In  May,  1903,  after  an  elapse  of  thirteen  years,  during  which  period  the  cost 
of  living  had  advanced  enormously,  the  local  organization  made  application  to  the 
International  Union  for  permission  to  present  a new  scale  of  wages,  involving  an 
increase  of  about  10  per  cent,  which  was  sustained  through  a referendum  of  the 
affiliated  locals.  The  wage  scale  in  its  new  form  was  presented  to  the  manu- 
facturers, and  judging  from  the  manner  in  which  all  acceded  to  same  the  demand 
of  the  Union  was  justifiable. 

The  membership  of  Union  No.  44  has  fluctuated  since  1900,  and  at  present 
numbers  about  1,000. 

A well  appointed  general  headquarters  and  reading  room  has  also  been  estab- 
lished for  the  past  twenty  years;  present  office  is  located  in  the  Pitzman  Building 
where  a large  amount  of  business  is  transacted  daily  in  a methodical  and  business- 
like manner,  a system  to  which  is  largely  due  the  success  of  the  Union. 

During  the  past  fourteen  years  the  Local  Union  has  kept  up  a continuous 
agitation  in  behalf  of  the  Blue  Union  Label,  advertisements  of  which  have  and 
are  now  conspicuous  on  public  bill  boards  and  walls,  with  which  no  doubt  the 
smoking  public  is  familiar.  During  the  period  referred  to  the  Union  has  expended 
for  this  purpose  alone  the  magnificent  sum  of  $51,883.84.  The  Blue  Union  Label,  a 
guarantee  of  fair  sanitary  conditions,  and  an  important  factor  in  abolishing 
tenement  house  and  child  labor,  and  which  has  added  materially  to  the  success 
of  the  Union,  is  sustained  by  the  courts  and  indorsed  by  physicians  and  ministers 
and  all  others  interested  in  the  social  uplift. 

MILLIONS  DISBURSED  AS  BENEFITS. 

The  International  body  of  cigar  makers  has,  since  the  first  union  was  founded, 
dispersed  $8,935,766  as  benefits  to  its  members,  widows  and  orphans.  This  is 
one  of  the  many  reasons  why  the  organization  is  so  strong  everywhere,  and  why 
unionism  of  wage  earners  is  beneficial. 

BENEFITS  PAID  TO  ITS  MEMBERS,  WIDOWS  AND 
ORPHANS. 


Loans  

Strike  benefits  

Sick  benefits 

Death  benefits  

Out  of  work  benefits 


$1,180,695 

1,211,907 

2,909,435 

2.366.864 

1.266.865 


Total 


$8,935,766 


BENEFIT  DISBURSEMENTS  OF  1909. 

During  the  year  1909  the  international  organization  alone  paid  out  $562,964. 
The  balance  in  the  treasury  at  the  close  of  1909  of  this  international  body  was 
$672,184.  All  of  these  benefits  cost  each  member,  for  the  year  1909,  a fraction  of 
a cent  under  $10.50. 

MUCH  ACCOMPLISHED. 

Among  the  accomplishments  of  the  cigar  makers  unions  are  the  follow- 
ing: 

i Organized  cigar  makers  have  succeeded  in  the  past  twenty  years  in  reduc- 
ing the  number  of  deaths  due  to  consumption  (tuberculosis)  from  51  per  cent 


164 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics,  1910. 


to  24  per  cent;  have  increased  the  average  length  of  lives  of  Union  cigar 
makers  during  said  period  seventeen  years,  and  have  correspondingly  added 
years  to  the  lives  of  their  wives  and  mothers.  This  has  been  brought  about  by 
shorter  hours  of  labor,  improved  sanitary  workshops  and  living  conditions. 

Besides  Union  No.  44,  in  St.  Louis,  there  is  Union  No.  281.  The  two 
work  together  for  the  cause. 

DISBURSEMENTS  OF  UNION  NO.  44. 

Local  No.  44  has  alone,  from  December,  1877,  to  December,  1910,  paid 
out  from  all  funds  $308,838  to  members,  widows  and  orphans,  as  per  the  fol- 
lowing table: 


Traveling-  loans  . . . 

Sick  benefits 

Death  benefits  

Out  of  work  benefits 
Strike  benefits  


$42,333 

103,628 

100,362 

51,504 

6,001 


Total 


$303,828 


The  out-of-work  benefit  was  inaugurated  in  1890,  and  the  strike  benefit  in 
1879.  All  other  benefits  were  put  into  operation  in  1880. 

LOCAL  BENEFITS  DISBURSED  SINCE  1877. 

Benefits  paid  by  Cigar  Makers  Union  No.  44  from  1877  to  December,  1910, 
derived  from  local  assessments.  These  are  exclusive  of  benefits  paid  out  of  Inter- 
national funds : 


Assistance  to  traveling  members,  meals  and  lodging 

Local  out-of-work  benefit  (exclusive  of  International) 

Donations  to  craft  and  outside  unions 

Assistance  to  invalid  and  incapacitated  members 

Funeral  expenses,  carriages,  etc.,  exclusive  of  death  benefit 
Local  loans  granted 


$1,164  95 
25,084  65 
30, 23*  14 
3,391  15 
824  75 
4,273  85 


Total 

Expended  for  agitation  and  advertisement  of  Union — 18  years 


$64,973  49 
61,491  41 


Grand  total 


$126,464  90 


The  amount  expended  for  Label  advertisement  was  to  acquaint  the  general 
smoking  public  with  our  Blue  Union  Label. 


CONVICT  LABOR  LEGISLATION. 


AN  INTERESTING  COMMUNICATION  ON  THE  SUBJECT  FROM  COLLIS  LOVELY. 


The  unionized  boot  and  shoe  workers  of  Missouri  and  the  manufacturers 
are  very  anxious  to  have  the  present  system  of  leasing  out  the  labor  of  con- 
victs to  contractors  so  changed  that  products  from  prison  shops  will  no  longer 
compete  on  the  open  market  with  honestly  and  better  made  goods.  For 
years  they  have  advocated  this  reform  and  at  last  their  efforts  have  reached 
a stage  at  which  accomplishment  is  in  sight. 


Collis  Lovely  on  Convict  Labor. 


165 


Mr.  Collis  Lovely  of  St.  Louis,  General  Vice-President  of  the  Interna- 
tional Boot  and  Shoe  Workers  Union,  has  for  years  made  a special  inquiry 
into  the  subject  of  convict  labor  and  therefore  is  a high  authority  on  the  mat- 
ter. There  is  hardly  a penitentiary  in  the  land  he  has  not  visited  and  made 
a close  study  of  the  problem  of  providing  employment  of  a kind  for  such 
unfortunates  so  that  their  products  will  no  longer  compete  unfairly  or  other- 
wise with  those  of  the  honest  toiler.  He  expects  to  be  in  Jefferson  City  dur- 
ing the  1911  session  of  the  State  Assembly  as  a representative  of  the  boot  and 
shoe  workers,  and  his  knowledge  and  familiarity  with  the  convict  labor,  ques- 
tion will  make  him  a valuable  member  of  the  Labor  Legislative  Committee. 
In  the  following  letter  he  voices  some  of  his  views  on  this  and  other  import- 
ant economic  topics: 


St.  Louis,  Mo.,  Dec.  23,  1910. 

J.  C.  A.  Hiller,  Commissioner,  Bureau  of 

Labor  Statistics,  Jefferson  City,  Mo. 

Dear  Sir : The  Legislature  is  again 
about  to  assemble  and,  no  doubt,  you  will 
be  solicited  to  exert  your  influence  in  the 
interests  of  legislation  favorable  to  labor. 

To  my  mind,  the  most  important  legis- 
lation in  this  direction  is  the  abolition  of 
the  contract  system  of  employing  convicts. 
It  does  not  seem  necessary  to  go  into  the 
details  as  to  the  injury  to  either  laborer 
or  employer  resulting  from  this  system  of 
employing  our  convicts,  as  all  who  have 
given  the  matter  a moment’s  thought  seem 
to  agree  that  the  system  is  pernicious  and 
should  be  abolished. 

It  is  only  necessary  to  call  your  atten- 
tion to  the  report  of  the  Senate  Commit- 
tee appointed  at  a previous  session  and 
submitted  to  the  last  session  of  the  Leg- 
islature, upon  which  was  based  a bill 
introduced  at  the  request  of  the  Missouri 
State  Federation  of  Labor,  embodying 
what  is  known  as  “The  New  York  Sys- 
tem,” and  which  passed  the  Senate  with 
but  few  dissenting  votes  and  failed  of  pas- 
sage in  the  House  by  only  five  votes  in 
the  closing  hours  of  the  last  session. 

Bill  to  Be  Re-introduced. 

The  Missouri  State  Federation  of  Labor, 
at  its  last  Convention,  again  instructed 
its  legislative  committee  to  cause  to  be 
introduced  the  same  bill  at  this  coming 
session,  and  it  is  with  a view  to  interest 
you  and  secure  your  favorable  support  to 
this  measure  that  I pen  this  letter,  feeling 
sure  that  with  your  assistance  the  afore- 
said bill  will  be  enacted  into  law,  and 
thereby  relieve  both  labor  and  capital  en- 
gaged in  legitimate  production. 

There  is  no  question  but  that  if  the 
members  of  the  Legislature  realized  the 
undue  competition  that  free  labor,  as  well 
as  employers  employing  the  same,  has 
to  meet  as  a result  of  the  present  system, 
it  would  be  abolished  by  unanimous  vote. 
I have  in  my  possession  some  fifteen  la- 
bels bearing  the  trade  marks  and  the 
names  of  firms  having  no  contracts  for  the 
employment  of  convicts,  used  by  these 


firms  to  sell  convict  made  goods  as  their 
own  make,  and  therefore  not  only  injure 
free  labor  but  deceive  the  public.* 

Those  labels  are  sent  to  the  penitenti- 
ary at  Jefferson  City  and  caused  to  be 
affixed  to  each  box  containing  a pair  of 
shoes  and  are  sold  in  the  open  market  as 
their  own  make,  while  in  truth  they  are 
made  by  convict  labor  at  a cost  of  70 
cents  per  day  for  each  convict  employed 
by  the  contractor. 

I shall  hold  myself  in  readiness  to  sub- 
mit these  labels  to  you  for  inspection  and 
such  other  information  as  I may  be  able 
to  give,  and  hope  that  you  will  be  inter- 
ested and  lend  such  assistance  as  you  can 
to  secure  this  legislation. 

Extend  State  Factory  Inspection. 

Next  in  importance  is  the  extension  of 
factory  inspection.  The  present  law  does 
not  provide  for  any  kind  of  inspection  in 
cities  or  towns  of  less  than  ten  thousand 
in  population,  and  as  a result  employers 
who  desire  to  evade  the.  law,  particularly 
in  the  shoe  trade,  establish  themselves  in 
those  small  towns. 

A perusal  of  your  “Red  Book”  of  1908 
and  1909  reveals  the  fact  that  there  are 
eight  shoe  factories  in  towns  of  less  than 
five  thousand  in  population  and  six  in 
what  are  termed  rural  districts.  These 
factories  are  operated  without  regard  for 
either  law  or  decency;  and  children  are 
employed  without  regard  to  age  or  con- 
dition— except  cheapness — which  has  a 
tendency  not  only  to  reduce  wages  in  the 
more  thickly  populated  centers,  but  also 
to  cripple  employers  who  can  not  take  ad- 
vantage of  this  situation. 

For  comparison  I again  quote  from  the 
“Red  Book”  which  gives  the  average  wage 
in  the  twenty-six  St.  Louis  shoe  factories 
as  $9.58  per  week,  while  the  average  wage 
in  the  six  rural  factories  is  $5.28. 

It  would  seem  to  require  no  further  ar- 
gument to  prove  the  necessity  of  extend- 
ing the  factory  inspection  law  to  the  en- 
tire State,  and  thereby  relieving  both  em- 
ploye and  employer  alike  from  this  unfair 
competition. 

In  my  opinion  the  above  are  the  most 


166 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics,  1910. 


important  measures  that  will  come  be- 
fore the  coming  session  of  the  Legislature, 
and  I feel  sure  that  any  assistance  you 
may  be  able  to  render  in  the  enactment 
of  the  laws  embodying  the  principles  sug- 


gested will  be  greaty  appreciated  by  all 
interested. 

Respectfully, 

COLLI S LOVELY. 


WOMENS’  TRADE  UNION  LEAGUE. 


WORK  OF  THE  GENTLER  SEX  IN  BEHALF  OF  A GOOD  CAUSE. 

One  session  of  the  Nineteenth  Annual  Convention  of  the  Mis- 
A Worthy  souri  Federation  of  Labor  was  given  over  to  the  Women’s 
Organization.  Trade  Union  League,  an  organization  which  has  brought  about 
many  improvements  for  working  women  and  children  in  St. 
Louis  and  which  is  a power  for  good,  not  alone  there,  but  all  over  the  State. 

The  delegates  of  this  body,  to  the  convention,  were:  Mrs.  C.  I.  Knefler, 
Misses  Maggie  Meara  and  Nellie  A.  Quick.  Other  women  delegates  and  the 
organizations  they  represented  were:  Mamie  C.  Bird,  Boot  and  Shoe  Work- 
ers, Local  No.  338  of  St.  Louis;  Mrs.  Sadie  Spraggon,  Central  Labor  Union  of 
St.  Louis,  and  Mrs.  A.  May  Smith,  Typographical  Local  No.  8. 

The  Women’s  Trade  Union  League  of  St.  Louis  meets  the  first  Wednesday 
of  every  month  at  8 p.  m.,  in  the  Self-Culture  Hall  at  1832  Carr  street.  It  is 
affiliated  with  the  Missouri  Federation  of  Labor  and  endorsed  by  the  Inter- 
national body,  the  American  Federation  of  Labor.  The  1910-11  officers  of  this 
organization  are:  President,  Mrs.  D.  W.  Knefler;  Vice-President,  Miss  Mag- 
gie Meara;  Secretary,  Miss  Hannah  Hennessy;  Treasurer,  Mrs.  Sarah  Sprag- 
gon. 

Executive  Board — One  year  members,  Misses  Althea  Sommerville  and 
Katherine  Gleason  and  Mrs.  A.  May  Smith.  Two  year  members — Mesdames 
R.  J.  Lowther,  Kate  Hurley  and  Sadie  Perkins.  Three  year  members — Mrs. 
Florence  Wyman  Richardson,  Misses  Ann  Egan  and  Hazel  Spraggon. 

An  Interesting  Article. 

The  objects  of  this  organization  are  clearly  and  fully  portrayed  in  the  fol- 
lowing article,  which  was  prepared  by  the  President,  Mrs.  Knefler,  and  read 
before  the  Missouri  Federation  of  Labor  by  Mrs.  A.  May  Smith.  It  is  a con- 
cise review  of  a year  of  work  among  the  toiling  wage-earning  women  of  St. 
Louis  and  elsewhere,  bestowing  a few  words  on  the  54-hour  work  act  of  the 
1909  session  of  the  Legislature,  and  what  happened  to  this  law  when  an  at- 
tempt was  made  to  enforce  it.  Other  valuable  points  in  connection  with  the 
cause  of  working  women  are  touched  upon: 


BY  MRS.  CYNTHELIA  ISGRIG  KNEFLER,  PRESIDENT  WOMENS’  TRADE 

UNION  LEAGUE. 


From  the  second  annual  report  of  the 
Womens’  Trade  Union  League  of  St. 
Louis. 


through  education  and  organization  the 
tremendous  inequalities  of  society.  On 
the  one  hand  we  have  an  industrial  sys- 
term  so  far  reaching  in  its  possibilities 
for  good  or  evil,  and  so  complex,  that 
the  average  mind  does  not  attempt  to 


The  main  purpose  of  the  Women’s 
Trade  Union  League  is  to  try  to  adjust 


Wage  Earning  Women,  1910. 


167 


understand  or  analyze  it.  A system 
evolved  by  a few  highly  specialized  minds 
who  have  developed  faster  than  the  masses 
* of  men  are  able  to  follow. 

On  the  other  we  find  our  governmental 
institutions  lagging  behind  the  social 
mind.  An  antiquated  system  of  taxation 
is  responsible  for  the  building  up  of  our 
congested  industrial  centers,  and  the 
herding  together  of  our  workers  in 
cramped,  unsanitary  and  high  priced 
quarters.  Our  constitutions,  both  Federal 
and  State,  were  framed  for  a society  much 
less  composite  than  ours,  as  every  one  can 
testify  who  has  made  an  effort  to  have 
enacted,  and  make  operative,  any  pro- 
tective legislation. 

Struggling  Working  Women. 

It  has  been  between  these  two  great 
opposing,  but  necessarily  related,  ex- 
tremes that  our  working  women  are  strug- 
gling to  get  a foothold.  And  it  is  only 
by  the  most  intelligent  understanding  of 
the  gigantic  machine  of  which  she  is  such 
an  important  part,  and  the  sanest  hand- 
ling of  a most  difficult  situation,  that  she 
will  be  able  to  save  herself  from  being 
crushed  in  this  great  twentieth  century 
scheme  that  takes  so  little  account  of  the 
individual. 

In  the  two  years  since  the  League  was 
organized,  it  has  organized  and  assisted 
in  organizing,  more  than  a ’ thousand 
women  into  Trade  Unions.  Bindery 
Women’s  Union  No.  55  was  the  first 
child  of  the  League.  Here  750  girls  com- 
bined to  study,  promote  and  manage  their 
own  affairs.  Nothing  proves  the  careful 
work  of  this  organization  more  than  the 
fact  that  they  were  organized  for  almost 
a year  before  making  any  demands,  and 
then  only  asking  for  the  eight-hour  day, 
which  was  given  by  the  employers  with- 
out a strike  or  lockout  in  the  trade. 

Organizing  Working  Women. 

February  last  a movement  was  started 
to  organize  the  girls  in  the  breweries,  and 
altnough  many  of  them  were  but  chil- 
dren, they  responded  to  the  call  with  an 
eagerness  and  understanding  that  was 
gratifying.  It  was  here  that  the  special 
function  of  the  Women’s  Trade  Union 
League,  that  of  education,  was  clearly 
demonstrated.  The  men  of  the  Bottlers 
Union  did  the  actual,  mechanical  part  of 
organizing,  but  it  was  the  women  of  the 
League,  speaking  the  language  of  women 
and  children,  who  explained — answered 
questions — and  explained  again.  This 
union  has  not  only  been  recognized,  but 
has  secured  a raise  in  wage  for  its  mem- 
bers from  $1.50  to  $2.00  per  week.  But 
better  than  the  raise  in  wage  is  the  con- 
tract that  prohibits  the  employment  of 
children  in  the  breweries  under  the  age  of 
15  years.  This  latter  was  a great  victory. 


and  proves  that  women’s  unions  are  the 
best  and  most  effective  way  of  abolishing 
child  labor. 

A third  group  of  workers  to  whom  the 
Women’s  Trade  Union  League  has  de- 
voted much  time  and  thought,  and  who 
have  received  their  charter,  are  the  wait- 
resses. There  is  probably  no  line  of  work 
a girl  can  enter  where  so  many  demands 
are  made  of  her,  where  she  is  so  ex- 
posed, and  where  she  works  as  hard  for 
as  small  pay  as  do  the  waitresses.  Al- 
most more  than  any  other  craft  do  they 
need  the  protection  of  a union.  The  one 
just  organized  has  the  prospect  of  being  a 
strong,  conservative  organization. 

Women’s  Co-operative  Factory. 

Besides  these  definite  results  the  League 
has  been  called  upon  time  and  again  by 
both  organized  and  unorganized  crafts 
for  assistance.  The  calls  have  not  been 
confined  to  the  city.  Almost  regular  trips 
are  made  to  the  industrial  towns  across 
the  river  in  Illinois.  The  President  of  the 
League  was  called  to  Sedalia,  Mo.,  in 
February,  to  assist  a group  of  girls  who 
had  gone  out  on  strike  because  of  in- 
tolerable conditions.  These  girls  organized 
a union,  and  with  the  assistance  of  the 
union  men,  have  solved  their  own  problem 
by  owning  and  operating  a shirt  factory, 
where  all  are  stockholders.  This  factory 
has  been  so  successful  they  have  found 
it  necessary  to  double  their  capacity,  and 
a number  of  new  machines  have  been  in- 
stalled to  meet  the  increased  demand. 
This  is  one  of  the  greatest  achievements 
of  union  women  during  the  year,  for  if 
these  women  can  operate  this  factory 
successfully,  the  end  of  the  country 
sweating  system  is  in  sight. 

In  June  a call  came  from  Hannibal,  Mo., 
for  assistance  in  organizing  a body  of 
workers  grown  weary  of  slavish  condi- 
tions, and  who  have  come  to  realize  that 
organization  is  their  only  hope. 

Garment  Workers’  Lockout. 

But  it  is  not  only  the  new  and  success- 
ful organizations  that  inspire  absolute 
faith  in  the  working  women’s  ability  to 
understand  her  economic  position,  it  is 
also  the  steadfastness  with  which  union 
women,  under  heavy  pressure  of  adver- 
sity, stand  by  their  principles.  Such 
loyalty  we  have  seen  in  Garment  Workers 
Union  No.  67  during  the  past  year.  Early 
in  September,  1909,  some  900  employes 
were  locked  out  of  * * * * * Clothing  Co., 
of  which  about  350  were  women.  Facing 
the  winter  with  small  if  any  savings,  de- 
priving themselves  of  what  many  would 
consider  the  necessities  of  life,  these  women 
stood  firm.  Of  the  350  not  more  than  60 
have  repudiated  their  union  pledge.  In 
the  early  weeks  of  the  lockout  the 
Women’s  Trade  Union  League  gave  what 


168 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


assistance  was  possible,  and  for  six  weeks 
served  free,  hot  noonday  lunches  for  the 
girls.  The  League  was  also  instrumental 
in  getting  work  for  some  of  the  men  as 
well  as  the  girls. 

Joy  Was  Short  Lived. 

A year  ago  the  members  and  friends 
of  the  Women’s  Trade  Union  League  were 
rejoicing  that  the  signature  of  the  Gov- 
ernor had  made  the  women’s  54-hour  bill 
a law.  But  their  joy  was  destined  to 
be  short  lived.  That  the  bill  had  some 
unfortunate  amendments,  all  concerned  in 
its  passage  knew,  but  that  it  had  a fatal 
flaw  was  not  known  until  almost  the  hour 
it  became  operative.  It  was  then  discov- 
ered, that  after  passing  both  House  and 
Senate  with  all  amendments  concurred  in, 
the  enrolling  clerk  had  failed  to  enroll  the 
November  and  December  amendment. 
Perfect  or  imperfect  the  law  was  now  on 
the  statute  books  of  the  State  and  before 
another  bill  could  be  passed  this  one  had 
to  go  through  the  courts  for  adjudication. 
After  innumerable  delays  the  lower  court 
declared  the  law  unconstitutional  on  the 
ground  that  it  was  an  abridgement  of  the 
rights  of  the  individual  to  make  free  con- 
tracts, and  that  it  was  class  legislation. 
The  next  step  was  to  take  it  into  the  Su- 
preme Court,  and  here  was  an  insur- 
mountable difficulty ; the  Supreme  Court 
cannot  be  asked  to  pass  upon  moot  cases, 
and  with  its  numerous  complications  that 
is  what  this  had  resolved  itself  into.  Upon 
the  advice  of  a committee  composed  of 
F.  N.  Judson,  ex-Gov.  Chas.  P.  Johnson, 
Philips  N.  Moss  and  E.  M.  Grossman,  it 
was  decided  to  drop  the  case  and  give 
wide  publicity  to  the  facts,  demanding  of 
the  legislature  of  1911  that  the  bill  pre- 
sented be  passed  without  amendment. 
This  committee,  composed  of  Missouri’s 
ablest  lawyers,  has  drafted  a bill  to  be 
submitted  and  the  legislative  committee  of 
the  League  will  make  every  effort  to  see 
that  no  such  “accident”  happens  again. 
The  slogan  for  this  year  will  be  “An  un- 
amended bill  or  none.”  Ineffective  laws 
are  always  worse  than  no  laws. 

Problem  of  Working  Women. 

At  the  meeting  of  the  Missouri  State 
Federation  of  Labor  in  September,  1909, 
the  Women’s  Trade  Union  League  was 
given  an  afternoon  in  which  the  problems 
of  the  women  workers  were  discussed. 
This  was  the  first  time  in  the  history  of 
the  Federation  that  serious  consideration 
was  given  the  women.  The  discussion 
proved  most  interesting  for  the  delegates 
present,  who  pledged  themselves  not  only 
to  make  a hard  fight  for  the  women’s  54- 
hour  law  at  the  next  legislature,  but  to 
give  more  attention  to  the  organization  of 
women  in  their  respective  localities.  The 
League  has  great  hopes  that  these  joint 


conferences  of  the  men  and  women  at  the 
State  Federation  of  Labor  will  result  in  a 
better  understanding  of  the  needs  of  each 
and  a closer  co-operation. 

Among  the  educational  activities  of  the 
League  the  past  winter  the  Labor  Study 
Group  has  been  most  important.  This 
group  has  met  once  a month  for  a critical 
study  of  labor  laws  and  labor  disputes, 
and  though  small,  has  done  some  very  ef- 
fective work.  It  is  hoped  next  year  this 
group  will  continue  with  an  increased 
membership.  We  need  more  than  almost 
anything  else  strong,  intelligent  leaders, 
and  these  can  only  be  developed  by  care- 
ful study  of  the  economic  problems  con- 
fronting the  workers,  and  a thorough 
understanding  of  the  past  conditions 
from  which  the  present  have  evolved. 

Monthly  Sunday  concerts,  given  under 
the  direction  of  Mrs.  Stella  Haines  and 
Miss  Mildred  Kellogg,  have  been  one  of 
the  most  enjoyable  features  of  the 
League’s  winter  program.  These  concerts 
have  been  very  high  class  and  have  been 
much  appreciated. 

Funds  for  a Good  Cause. 

To  give  a report  of  the  year’s  work 
and  make  no  reference  to  finances  would 
be  unfair  to  those  whose  unselfishness 
has  made  the  work  possible.  The  St. 
Louis  League  is  unique  in  that  it  has  no 
wealthy  members,  has  very  few  allies  and 
derives  its  support  almost  wholly  from 
the  working  women  who  believe  in  it. 
Very  little  comes  into  the  treasury  from 
dues,  since  allies  and  affiliated  organiza- 
tions pay  only  $1.00  per  year  dues,  and 
for  the  union  girl,  her  union  card  is 
equivalent  to  dues.  It  will  be  readily 
seen  that  the  work  has  not  been  carried 
on  with  the  income  derived  from  this 
source.  The  League  has  never  received 
a donation  of  more  than  $5.00  and  not 
more  than  five  such  gifts  in  the  two  years 
of  its  existence.  And  yet  it  has  required 
money,  and  a good  deal  of  it,  to  carry 
on  its  various  branches  of  work.  The 
money  has  been  made  by  the  girls  giving 
entertainments,  holding  raffles  and  by  the 
Central  Trades  and  Labor  Union  giving 
the  League  the  privilege  of  selling  souve- 
nir badges  at  the  last  Labor  Day  picnic. 
The  work  of  the  League  is  greatly  hamp- 
ered by  this  question  of  finance.  We  do 
not  want  to  go  before  the  public  begging 
for  money  as  a charity  institution,  for 
we  are  not  a charity  institution,  but  an 
economic  organization  asking,  not  that 
our  working  women  be  granted  privileges, 
but  that  they  be  given  their  rights.  To 
continue  the  work,  we  have  every  reason 
to  believe  we  are  peculiarly  fitted  for,  we 
must  have  the  financial  support  of  the 
union  men.  No  one  knows  better  than 
the  organized  workman  the  menace  of 
the  hosts  of  unorganized  women  sweep- 


Wage  Earning  Women,  1910. 


169 


in g into  every  trade  under  the  sun.  If 
our  efforts  to  reach  this  vast  unorganized 
army  proves  in  any  measure  successful, 
the  men’s  unions  will  have  to  save  us 
the  humiliation  of  being  subsidized  by 
those  who,  classing  us  a charity,  would 
willingly  give  us  money,  but  whose  very 
support  would  be  the  greatest  hindrance 
to  our  work.  We  believe  the  men’s  unions 
will  respond  to  our  appeal. 

Assurances  of  Sympathy. 

The  most  notable  occasion  in  the  short 
life  of  the  St.  Louis  Women’s  Trade  Union 
League  was  the  recent  meeting  of  the  Na- 
tional Executive  Board.  This  brought  to 
the  city  our  most  distinguished  members ; 
representatives  of  five  of  the  six  Leagues 
being  present.  The  messages  brought  by 
these  fellow  workers,  together  with  the 
assurances  of  sympathy  and  approval  ex- 
pressed by  many  friends  in  the  city  at 
the  time,  were  indeed  an  inspiration. 

At  the  banquet  tendered  the  National 
Executive  Board  by  the  local  League, 
there  were  315  guests  present,  and  more 
than  100  invitations  were  refused  the  last 
day.  More  than  two-thirds  of  those  in 


attendance  were  working  men  and  work- 
ing women,  and  of  the - remaining  third 
there  were  lawyers,  teachers,  ministers, 
prosperous  business  men  and  numerous 
social  workers.  It  was  an  earnest,  in- 
tensely interested*  body  of  men  and 
women. 

In  trying  to  analyze  the  interest  in  this 
meeting,  one  and  all  were  of  the  opinion 
that  it  was  simply  that  the  trade  unions 
are  finally  coming  into  their  own ; that  it 
is  the  handwriting  on  the  wall. 

We  have  finished  our  second  year  with 
its  disappointments  and  successes,  and  in 
beginning  the  third  we  have  hearts  full 
of  courage  and  a faith  that  is  undaunted, 
for  we  know  we  have  the  solving  of  the 
problem  for  the  woman  who  works. 

The  Women’s  Trade  Union  League 
closes  its  second  year  with  every  reason 
for  hope  and  courage.  That  the  salva- 
tion of  the  women  worker  lies  within 
herself  we  firmly  believe — that  she  will 
refuse  to  see  this,  will  fail  to  respond 
when  the  way  is  pointed  out — we  do  not 
believe. 

CYNTHELIA  ISGRIG  KNEFLER, 

President. 


LEGISLATION  WHICH  IS  ASKED  FOR  BY  WOMEN. 


In  course  of  the  Missouri  Federation  of  Labor  session,  Mrs.  Sadie  Sprag- 
gon,  representing  the  Central  Trades  and  Labor  Union,  who  also  is  Treasurer 
of  the  Women’s  Trade  Union  League,  introduced  a resolution  pledging  this 
State  organization  to  support  a general  nine-hour  day  law  for  toiling  women 
wage-earners;  to  have  the  child  labor  law  now  applying  to  St.  Louis,  Kansas 
City,  St.  Joseph  and  all  other  cities  and  towns  with  a population  of  10,000  and 
over,  so  amended  that  it  would  cover  the  whole  state;  to  extend  the  jurisdic- 
tion of  the  State  Factory  Inspector  to  the  whole  state,  and  covering  other  es- 
sential points.  The  resolution,  which  was  concurred  in,  reads: 


Be  it  resolved,  That  the  Missouri  State  Federation  of 
Labor  pledges  itself  to  the  support  of  legislation  limiting  the 
hours  of  employment  for  working  women  to  nine  hours  a day, 
extending  the  child  labor  law  over  the  whole  State,  extending 
the  jurisdiction  of  the  Factory  Inspector  over  the  whole  State 
and  placing  his  office  on  a salary  basis,  and  eliminating  the 
constitutional  restrictions  on  the  age  limits  of  those  entitled 
to  public  education  in  the  larger  cities  of  the  State;  and  be  it 
further 

Resolved,  That  we  call  upon  the  Forty-sixth  General  As- 
sembly of  Missouri  to  enact  laws  for  the  purpose  of  bringing 
about  these  changes;  and,  be  it  further 

Resolved,  That  we  direct  our  Legislative  Committee  to 
work  for  the  passage  of  laws  having  these  ends  in  view. 

MUCH  INTEREST  MANIFESTED. 

The  women’s  session  of  the  convention  was  presided  over  by  Miss  Maggie 
-Meara.  Garment  Workers  Union  No.  67  presented  a statement  covering  the 
lockout  and  strike  some  of  its  members  have  been  involved  in  for  over  a year. 
The  history  of  the  same,  as  prepared  by  that  union,  is  given  elsewhere  in  this 
publication. 


170 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


Many  of  the  male  delegates  took  part  in  the  “Women’s  Session,”  as  is 
shown  by  the  following  extracts,  taken  from  the  published  minutes  of  the 
proceedings: 


Delegate  Emil  Mueller  of  St.  Louis 
Brewery  Workers,  stated  that  they  have 
had  committees  calling  upon  merchants 
and  inducing  them  to  cancel  their  orders 
With  * * * * *,  and  that  they  have  a fine 
of  $5.00  on  any  member  buying  goods 
manufactured  by  that  firm. 


Delegate  Dysart  of  Moberly  addressed 
the  delegates  and  made  a strong  plea  for 
the  union  label,  and  favored  organizing 
all  the  women. 

Secretary-treasurer,  J.  T.  Smith,  also 
spoke  on  organizing  the  women  workers 
into  unions,  and  the  women  relatives  of 
union  men  into  women’s  trade  union  lea- 
gues. 


Miss  Sara  Aldrich,  secretary  of  the 
Brewery  Working  Girls,  told  of  condi- 
tions as  they  existed  in  labeling  rooms 
in  St.  Louis  breweries  before  the  girls 
were  organized,  and  of  the  good  results 
the  union  has  secured  in  the  short  time 
that  they  have  been  organized. 


Miss  Louise  Mittelstadt  of  the  Beer 
Bottlers’  Union  in  Kansas  City,  told  of 
the  great  strides  made  by  the  girls  in 
breweries  since  they  organized  eight  years 
ago,  and  that  they  have  the  best  con- 
ditions and  shortest  hours  of  any  female 
workers  in  Kansas  City ; also  told  of 
the  effort  being  made  to  strengthen  the 
Garment  Workers’  Union,  and  to  organize 
the  laundry  workers. 


Delegate  Sumner  stated  that  a Women’s 
Trade  Union  League  was  about  to  be 
formed  in  Kansas  City ; also  of  his  con- 
nection with  Charity  and  Settlement 
Workers. 

Motion  by  Miss  May  Shannon,  that  the 
Women’s  Trade  Union  League  of  St.  Louis 
be  requested  to  aid  in  forming  a similar 
organization  in  Kansas  City. 

General  discussion  on  labels  by  Dele- 
gates Kummings,  Morgan,  Shillig  and 
Owen  Miller. 

Motion  carried. 


Mrs.  Bird  of  the  Boot  and  Shoe  Work- 
ers’ Union,  No.  338,  addressed  the  con- 


vention in  behalf  of  her  organization  and 
told  of  the  hardships  inflicted  on  women 
workers  in  shoe  factories. 

Mrs.  A.  May  Smith  told  of  women  get- 
ting the  same  pay  and  work  the  same 
hours  as  men  in  the  Typographical  Union. 

Miss  Annie  Kahre  told  of  the  awful 
conditions  and  the  small  pay  of  the  shirt 
and  shirt  waist  factory  girls,  and  that  on 
account  of  their  hard  and  very  tedious 
work  and  long  hours,  the  women  get  so 
exhausted  that  it  is  impossoble  to  get 
them  to  organize,  as  they  are  physically 
unable  to  attend  a meeting  after  they 
get  through  with  a day’s  work. 


Mrs.  May  Shannon  told  of  the  success 
of  the  Bindery  Girl  Workers’  Union  in 
St.  Louis,  and  requested  the  delegates  to 
help  organize  all  women  workers  and  to 
agitate  the  54-hour  per  week  law. 

Miss  Hill  of  Sedalia  addressed  the  con- 
vention and  spoke  of  the  Garment  Work- 
ers’ Co-partnership  Factory  in  Sedalia. 

Miss  Anne  Kahre  of  Garment  Workers 
No.  238,  presented  the  following  report: 

“Report  of  United  Garment  Workers, 
Local  No.  67,  to  the  Missouri  State 
Federation  of  Labor,  September  21st” 
(given  elsewhere  under  the  heading  of 
“Strike  of  Garment  Workers”). 

Mrs.  Spraggon  spoke  of  how  the  Wo- 
men’s Trade  Union  League  defeated  a 
candidate  for  the  nomination  as  a mem- 
ber of  the  Legislature,  and  who  ran  over 
3,000  votes  behind  his  party  ticket,  and 
that  they  would  pledge  all  candidates  for 
the  Legislature  to  support  the  54-hour  a 
week  plan  for  women  workers,  which 
will  be  presented  to  the  next  Legisature. 


Motion  that  the  women  extend  a vote 
of  thanks  to  the  convention,  and  to  the 
(male)  delegates  who  remained  in  the 
meeting. 

Motion  carried. 

Motion  that  the  convention  pledge  its 
moral  and  financial  support  as  far  as 
possible  to  the  Women’s  Trades  Union 
League. 

Motion  carried. 

Motion  to  adjourn  carried. 

Session  adjourned  at  6:30  p.  m. 


AUXILIARIES  TO  LABOR  ORGANIZATIONS. 

Working  wage-earning  women  are  not  the  only  members  of  the  gentler  sex 
of  Missouri  who  are  putting  forth  every  effort  to  better  the  conditions  under 
which  all  toilers  of  the  state  struggle  for  a living.  There  is  another  portion, 
equally  as  energetic,  conscientious,  earnest,  sympathetic  and  honest,  and  they 
are  the  mothers,  wives,  sisters,  coiisins  and  sweethearts  of  the  male  portion  of 


Loyal  Star  of  America , 1901  to  1910. 


171 


organized  labor.  Their  household  duties  keep  them  at  home,  where  they 
daily,  and  cheerfully  too,  perform  the  grandest  and  most  inspiring  task  of  all; 
making  home  what  it  ought  to  be — the  most  sacred  most  ‘beloved  and  most 
comfortable  place  in  the  nation.  These  women  have  very  little  time  for  pink 
teas,  do  not  yearn  to  wear  hobble  skirts,  or  huge  picture  hats,  or  to  pur- 
chase new  outfits  and  discard  other  good  ones  just  because  that  fantastic,  ex- 
pensive and  foolish  gnome,  called  fashion,  wills  it  so.  Many  have  sons  whom 
they  are  anxious  to  see  grow  into  men  who  will  reflect  credit,  not  alone  on 
tkeir  mothers,  but  also  on  the  nation.  Others  have  daughters  whom  they  want 
to  develop  into  women  as  good  and  grand  as  their  mothers  are. 

These  wives,  mothers,  daughters  and  other  female  relatives  and  sweet- 
hearts of  members  of  organized  labor  have  banded  together  and  organized 
what  is  known  as  women’s  auxiliaries,  which  are  intended  to  establish  social 
relations  and  further  friendship  between  unionized  toilers;  to  entertain  them 
when  they  are  weary  and  heartsick;  to  administer  to  the  ailing  and  disabled, 
and  to  otherwise  make  life  agreeable,  pleasant,  and  comfortable  for  Missouri’s 
useful  and  highly  desirable  citizens — the  wage-earners. 

LOYAL  STAR  OF  AMERICA. 


AUXILIARY  TO  THE  BROTHERHOOD  RAILWAY  CARMEN  OF 

AMERICA. 

BY  MARIE  R.  RONEMUS. 


The  “LOYAL  STAR”  Auxiliary  to  the 
Brotherhood  Railway  Carmen  of  America, 
was  launched  September  14th,  1901,  the 
occasion  being-  the  progress  of  the  seventh 
biennial  convention  of  the  Brotherhood 
Railway  Carmen  of  America,  in  Kansas 
City,  Mo. 

My  husband,  Mr.  F.  L.  Ronemus,  being 
at  the  time  and  having  been  for  some 
years  the  General  Secretary-Treasurer  of 
the  B.  R.  C.  of  A.,  to  which  he  had  de- 
voted all  his  time,  talents  and  what  means 
he  possessed,  and,  through  close  associa- 
tion with  him  in  such  work,  aside  from 
having  the  personal  inclination,  coupled 
with  his  approval  and  encouragement  to 
form  an  auxiliary,  it  may  be  but  natural 
that  I should  have  taken  the  lead  in 
establishing  the  auxiliary,  which  may 
be  designated  as  a “woman’s  depart- 
ment” (although  members  of  the  B.  R.  C. 
of  A.  are  eligible  to  membership).  Ac- 
cordingly, on  the  afternoon  of  Sept.  13th, 
1901,  a meeting  was  called  at  my  home 
at  which  it  was  determined  to  form 
such  an  organization.  The  meeting  was 
attended  by  four  ladies  besides  myself, 
there  being  present  Mrs.  Ada  Peters,  and 
Mary  A.  Seymour,  wives  of  Delegates  to 
the  B.  R.  C.  of  A.  convention  from  Deni- 
son, Tex.,  and  Denver,  Colo.,  respectively, 
Mary  E.  Mounts  and  Lulu  B.  Upton,  wives 
of  resident  members  of  Kansas  City,  Mo., 
and  Kansas  City,  Kans.,  respectively. 
The  objects  as  outlined  at  this  initial 
meeting  being  to  secure  if  possible  the 


recognition  of  the  B.  R.  C.  of  A.  as  an 
auxiliary  to  that  organization.  At  this 
meeting  the  following  officers  were  elect- 
ed pending  such  recognition  and  future 
encouragement : 

Elected  Officers. 

President,  Marie  R.  Ronemus,  Kansas 
City,  Mo. 

Vice  President,  Lulu  B.  Upton,  Kan- 
sas City,  Kans. 

Secretary-Treasurer,  Ada  Peters,  Den- 
ison, Tex. 

Executive  Board — Mary  E.  Mounts, 
Kansas  City,  Mo.,  Mary  A.  Seymour, 
Denver,  Colo.,  and  Lulu  B.  Upton,  Kan- 
sas City,  Kans. 

A committee,  consisting  of  each  mem- 
ber, was  appointed,  whose  duty  it  should 
be  to  determine  what  should  be  the 
aims,  and  objects  as  outlined  for  the 
future  work  of  the  organization,  which 
plan  or  outline  was  to  be  presented  to 
the  Grand  Lodge  Brotherhood  Railway 
Carmen  of  America  in  convention  as- 
sembled, with  the  request  for  recogni- 
tion as  its  auxiliary  as  a National  or- 
ganization. It  was  determined  to  meet 
next  day  (Sept.  14th)  at  the  hotel  par- 
lors where  each  member  of  the  committee 
was  to  report  her  preparation  in  this 
direction,  when  we  would  then  agree  on 
what  we  would  report  and  go  over  in  a 
body  to  the  convention  and  submit  the 
same. 

On  arriving  at  the  hotel  at  the  ap- 


172 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics,  1910. 


pointed  time  I was  surprised  to  find  no 
other  member  of  the  committee  present, 
nor,  did  either  of  them  arrive  after  a 
long  wait.  At  about  5 o’clock  P.  M.,  a 
committee  from  the  B.  R.  C.  of  A.  called 
for  us,  (the  convention  having  expected 
us)  and  the  “President”  had  to  accom- 
pany the  committee  alone. 

Trying  Times. 

Now,  this  was  a trying  and’  indeed, 
very  discouraging  experience;  but  duty 
had  called  and  the  call  was  responded 
to  in  our  humble  way  as  best  we  could, 
and  trying  as  seemed  the  test,  it  led  up 
to  one  of  the  deepest  and  most  beautiful 
experiences  it  has  been  my  lot  to  meet. 
The  appreciation  of  our  effort  shown  by 
that  body  of  Delegates,  kind  words  of 
sympathy,  the  cordial  welcome  and  the 
spirit  of  enthusiasm  in  selecting  a name 
for  the  infant  organization  is  something 
of  which  I love  to  think  and  will  ever 
remember  with  pleasure. 

Now,  thus  accepted  and  launched  as 
the  auxiliary  to  the  B.  R.  C.  of  A.,  our 
work  began.  We  did  not  have  one  cent 
with  which  to  begin  our  work ; but  as  a 
token  of  faith,  the  Grand  lodge  B.  R.  C. 
of  A.  at  this  time  donated  the  infant 
$25.00.  This  was  very  kind  and  much 
appreciated,  especially  as  it  was  known 
that  the  B.  R.  C.  of  A.  itself  was  not  the 
possessor  of  a fat  treasury  at  that 
date,  and  the  auxiliary’s  officers  soon 
learned  that  they  could  do  but  little 
business  with  $25,  compared  with  what 
the  necessities  seemed  to  be  crying  out 
for.  Personally  I have  always  been 
opposed  to  going  in  debt,  believing  it  is 
better  to  deny  one’s  self  than  to  be  in 
such  a state;  but,  to  use  a slang  phrase, 
‘the  Loyal  Star”  was  up  against  it.” 
Feeling  determined  not  to  turn  back  I 
went  to  a printer,  a friend  of  my  hus- 
band, and  laid  the  case  before  him, 
promising  to  pay  only  as  the  money 
came  in  through  the  work ; and  to  my 
surprise  which  was  a delightful  one,  was 
told  to  get  copy  ready  and  a'll  neces- 
sary printed  matter  would  be  furnished. 

Equal  to  the  Task. 

This  was  a beginning,  but  our  task  was 
not  yet  complete,  as  it  now  became 
necessary  to  formulate  and  furnish  mat- 
ter for  Charter,  Constitution,  Ritual- 
istic work  and  whatever  was  needed  to 
start  the  work  of  a National  organiza- 
tion. All  this  I found  to  furnish  plenty 
of  effort,  and  I must  say  that  only  a de- 
termination on  my  part  not  to  fail,  backed 
by  the  able  and  ever  willing  assistance 
of  my  husband,  who  was  at  the  time 
very  busy  in  his  own  work,  impelled  and 
compelled  me  to  become  the  author  of  all 
the  organization  had.  I well  know  the 
honest  intent  and  purpose  to  have  some- 


thing that  would  uplift  and  ennoble  our 
own  class  and  humanity.  Then  to  make 
matters,  if  possible,  still  worse,  Sister 
Ada  Peters,  our  Secretary-Treasurer, 
owing  to  continued  ill  health  was  unable 
to  attend  to  her  duties  in  the  organization, 
and  resigned  her  position.  This  was  cer- 
tainly a sore  disappointment  to  me,  es- 
pecially when  each  and  all  other  mem- 
bers seemed  to  be  encompassed  about 
with  this  or  that  encumbrance,  and  felt 
that  they  could  neither  give  time  or  at- 
tention to  that  position,  (the  same  was 
only  a heart  service  with  a satisfied 
conscience  as  the  reward  for  service, 
and  which  it  remains  to  this  date)  hence 
the  Grand  Executive  Board  appointed 
the  President,  Mrs.  Ronemus,  to  fill  the 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation,  hence 
she  became  Secretary-Treasurer  as  well 
as  President,  which  positions  she  held 
until  September,  1903. 

Kansas  City.  Lodge  No.  1. 

After  paying  over  the  $25,  which  had 
been  donated,  we  still  had  a debt  of 
$100  with  nothing  but  our  faith  in  future 
success  to  meet  payment  of  the  same. 

We  were  now  in  a position  to  charter 
local  or  subordinate  lodges,  which  also 
proved  slow  work,  although  a number 
had  assured  us  of  becoming  identified 
promptly  it  was  Nov.  23rd,  1901,  before 
we  succeeded  in  organizing  “Kansas  City 
Lodge  No.  1.”  This  certainly  was  en- 
couraging and  we  were  proud  to  record 
the  institution  of  the  first  lodge  of  the 
Loyal  Star.  Yet,  we  learned,  that  with 
every  possible  effort  the  work  of  organiz- 
ing without  proper  facilities  was  slow. 
Yet,  by  the  middle  of  May,  1902,  we  had 
7 lodges  organized,  and  were  waiting, 
working  and  hoping  for  definite  results 
from  earnest  effort. 

The  printer  to  whom  we  had  gone  in 
debt,  • sold  out  his  place  of  business  and 
determined  to  go  west  in  search  of  health 
and  undoubtedly  would  be  pleased  to 
collect  all  bills  before  leaving  the  city. 
This  news  very  much  worried  me.  I 
scarcely  knew  what  to  do,  having  no 
money  on  hand  and  from  past  experi- 
ences, would  be  a long  time  in  getting 
trie  amount  needed ; but  as  I believe  that 
light  and  help  always  come  to  those  en- 
gaged in  a noble  work  at  the  needed 
hour  it  came  to  me.  I was  on  quite 
friendly  terms  with  my  husband,  F.  L. 
Ronemus,  the  General  Secretary  of  the 
B.  R.  C.  of  A.,  who  had  always  felt  and 
shown  a decidedly  deep  interest  in  the 
efforts  of  the  LOYAL  STAR,  in  fact,  is 
more  than  anyone  else  responsible  for  the 
auxiliary  ever  having  been  launched, 
who,  without  saying  a word  to  me  about 
it,  assumed  the  debt  personally  and  pre< 
sented  me  with  a receipt  in  full  of  all 


Loyal  Star  of  America,  1901  to  1910. 


173 


indebtedness.  My  pleasui'e  on  this  occa- 
sion shall  never  be  forgotten,  for  although 
we  still  owed  the  debt  in  amount  the 
transfer  was  certainly  a great  relief, 
and  we  had  no  fears  of  violent  treatment 
from  the  creditor,  even  though  we  might 
be  a long  time  in  liquidating  the  same. 

Surplus  in  the  Treasury. 

Now,  for  fear  of  over-reaching  space, 
I will  not  go  further  into  detailed  his- 
tory along  these  lines ; suffice  to  say 
that  when  we  held  our  first  biennial 
convention  September,  1903,  we  owed  no 
man  a cent  and  after  meeting  all  con- 
vention expenses  still  had  on  hand  the 
munificent  sum  of  $44.06  and  a goodly 
amount  of  necessary  supplies.  We  felt 
well  pleased  with  our  first  convention. 
Few  changes  were  made  in  the  work 
other  than  to  create  several  new  offices ; 
however,  quite  a number  who  were  then 
ready  to  accept  offices  or  to  do  anything 
to  push  the  work  along,  when  they  came 
to  realize  what  was  to  be  done,  the  sacri- 
fices that  must  needs  be  made  soon  fell 
by  the  wayside ; and  yet  we  were  not 
discouraged.  Our  aims  and  objects  were 
high,  we  determined  by  earnest  effort, 
backed  by  the  splendid  organization, 
“Brotherhood  Railway  Carmen  of  Amer- 
ica,” and  last,  but  by  no  means  least,  by 
the  guardian  help  of  God’s  right  hand, 
we  are  sure  to  be  able  to  surmount  every 
obstacle  and  may  stand  shoulder  to  shoul- 
der with  the  best  and  noblest  organiza- 
tion in  the  land. 

OBJECTS  OF  THE  ORDER. 

The  objects  of  the  LOYAL  STAR  as 
originally  adopted  are : 

“To  unite  in  bonds  of  fraternity  all  ac- 
ceptable white  persons  who  believe  in 
the  existence  of  a supreme  being,  and 
who  are  of  high  moral  character ; to 
give  their  very  best  help  and  energy  to 
the  advancement,  growth  and  interest  of 
the  Brotherhood  Railway  Carmen  of 
America ; to  cultivate  and  maintain  a 
fraternal  spirit ; promote  social  interests 
among  its  members ; improve  its  mem- 
bers socially,  morally  and  intellectually ; 
look  after  and  care  for  the  sick,  afflicted 
and  unfortunate  of  the  B.  R.  C.  of  A. ; 
prove  ourselves  willing  in  every  way  to 
help  the  organization  of  which  we  are  a 
part,  and  to  promote  the  power  of  the 
union  label.” 

To  this  was  added  another  object,  be- 
ing introduced  by  the  President,  and  first 
submitted  by  being  published  in  the  May, 
1904,  edition  of  the  Railway  Carmen’s  Jour- 
nal, and  then  brought  before  the  delegates 
at  the  second  biennial  convention  at  Buf- 
falo, N.  Y.,  September,  1905,  that  which 
we  believe  to  be  the  highest  and  noblest 
object  or  principle  of  the  organization, 
being  the  ambition  of  the  auxiliary. 


“To  build  and  maintain  a home  for  dis- 
abled and  indigent  Carmen,  disabled 
wives  and  orphaned  children  of  such.” 

“Free  Will”  Offering. 

Believing  as  we  do  that  there  can  be 
no  higher  or  nobler  ambition  than  to  pro- 
vide a place  for  those  who,  perhaps,  early 
in  life  have  been  bereft  of  parents,  where 
they  may  find  a home  and  opportunity  in 
life.  This  proposition  met  the  hearty 
approval  and  endorsement  of  all,  which 
was  evidenced  by  the  spirit  of  the  dele- 
gates ; as,  during  the  presentation  they 
rushed  to  the  front,  clamoring  *to  have 
their  names  among  the  first  to  make  an 
offering,  when  it  was  announced  that 
the  object  was  intended  to  make  the  plan 
a “FREE  WILL”  one,  whereby  none 
were  obliged  to  donate,  but  that  it  must 
always  remain  voluntary  to  and  with 
the  donor. 

It  had  not  been  our  intention  in  coming 
before  that  convention  to  raise  money, 
but  rather  to  lay  before  the  representa- 
tives of  the  B.  R.  C.  of  A.  the  plan  pro- 
posed and  solicit  its  endorsement,  and  to 
endeavor  to  make  necessary  arrange- 
ments for  carrying  on  the  work ; but  as 
all  seemed  so  enthusiastic  and  so  many 
anxious  to  make  small  financial  contrib- 
utions at  that  time,  and  seemed  unwilling 
to  be  held  back  we  decided  that  Provi- 
dence had  a hand  in  the  matter  and  did 
not  disturb  it.  Quite  a sum  in  cash  was 
thus  donated  which,  linked  with  that 
spirit  of  confidence  and  co-operation, 
which  were,  and  are  equally  necessary  to 
future  success. 

Honor  Roll  Book. 

A committee  of  three  members,  each, 
from  the  Brotherhood  Railway  Carmen 
and  the  Loyal  Star  were  then  appointed, 
which  was  known  as  the  “Loyal  Star 
home  Building  Committee,”  and  which 
was  subsequently  changed  to  “THE  LOY- 
AL STAR-CARMEN’S-ORPHANS  HOME 
BUILDING  COMMITTEE.” 

A Custodian  of  this  fund  was  then  se- 
lected, this  honor  also  falling  to  Mrs. 
Ronemus.  This  Custodian  is  under  prop- 
er and  approved  surety  bond.  Every  cent 
donated  to  this  fund  is  placed  in  bank  on 
interest  and  is  not  subject  to  draft,  except 
by  order  of  the  Grand  Executive  Board  of 
tne  B.  R.  C.  of  A.,  which  board  audits  the 
accounts  of  the  Custodian  of  this  fund 
every  six  months,  as  they  audit  the  ac- 
counts of  the  officers  of  the  B.  R.  C.  of 
A.  Thus  it  can  be  seen  that  all  con- 
tributions are  perfectly  guarded  for  the 
purposes  for  which  intended.  It  might  be 
of  interest  to  mention  that  the  Custodian 
has  provided  in  connection  with  this 
fund,  a book  aside  from  the  regular  set  of 
books,  known  as  the  “LOYAL  STAR 
HONOR  ROLL  BOOK,”  in  which  the  name 


174 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


and  address  as  well  as  amount  of  every 
contributor  is  kept ; the  intention  being  to 
turn  this  Honor  Roll  Book  over  to  the 
Home,  at  its  dedication,  as  a souvenir  or 
record  showing  in  detail  who  has  been 
instrumental  in  making  the  Home  possi- 
ble. 

The  intention  is,  that  this  Home,  when 
built,  with  all  it  stands  for,  shall  be,  not 
a hardship  or  burden,  but  rather  a bless- 
ing and  comfort,  to  each  and  all.  In  put- 
ting forth  this  effort  the  Loyal  Star  is 
only  true  to  a cardinal  principle  of  the 
organization,  as  set  forth  in  the  preamble 
or  declaration  of  principles,  namely,  “To 
give  our  very  best  help,  strength  and  en- 
ergy to  the  advancement,  growth  and 
interest  of  the  Brotherhood  Railway  Car- 
men of  America,”  and  we  believe  to 
build  such  a Home  is  a splendid  way  in 
which  to  prove  our  loyalty  to  the  princi- 
ples we  advocate,  for  certainly  such  a 
home  would  prove  a blessing  to  the 
membership  of  the  B.  R.  C.  of  A.  The 
Loyal  Star,  as  an  organization,  does  not 
want  to  make  such  a proposition  and 
leave  the  burden  to  the  B.  R.  C.  of  A. 
but  wants  to  prove  its  ability  to  do  as 
well  as  to  propose.  Our  record  thus  far 
is  proof  that  we  are  not  a burden,  for 
certainly  we  have  begun  at  the  bottom 
and  have  carried  on  the  work  with  credit, 
hence  with  a continuation  of  the  spirit  of 
co-operation  and  encouragement  on  the 
part  of  the  B.  R.  C.  of  A.,  which  is  earn- 
estly desired,  there  need  be  no  fear  as  to 
the  result.  We  do  want  the  hearty  ap- 
proval and  co-operation  of  all  fairly  dis- 
posed people,  but  do  not  want  at  any  time 
to  levy  assessments  on  any  organization 
or  individual,  and  we  welcome  all  contri- 
butions for  the  purpose  of  carrying  on 
this  work ; whatever  is  given,  let  it  be  a 
“FREE-WILL  GIFT”  or  contribution. 
Any  one  who  believes  it  to  be  a worthy 
cause  or  ambition  is  at  liberty  to  donate, 
and  it  makes  no  difference  how  large  or 
how  small  the  sum  may  be,  it  will  be 
received  and  appreciated  just  the  same. 
Anything  to  which  one  contributes  be- 
comes a part  of  such  a one  and  they  al- 
ways feel  a special  interest  in  it. 

Offers  of  Land  Sites. 

The  object  in  thus  going  into  detail  on 
this  thought  is  to  familiarize  all  who  may 
chance  to  read  it,  with  our  work  and 
plan. 

“The  pleasures  of  many  may  be  oft- 
times  traced  to  one, 

As  the  hand  that  plants  the  acorn,  shel- 
ters armies  from  the  sun.” 

We  are  proud  to  report  at  this  time 
that  we  not  only  have  on  hand,  in  Bank 
Certificates  of  Deposit,  a respectable  sum, 
but  that  we  also  have  entered  into  a co- 
operative proposition  perfectly  in  har- 


mony with  our  plan,  that  promises  in 
time  to  go  well  towards  the  building  and 
at  least  partly  assisting  in  maintaining 
the  proposed  Home.  We  also  have  a 
number  of  offers  of  land  sites  on  which 
to  erect  the  home,  such  as  10  acres  at 
Iuka,  Miss.,  10  acres  at  Mena,  Ark.,  50 
acres  at  Blue  Mountain,  Miss.,  100  acres 
at  Fitzgerald,  Ga.,  and  50  acres  in  city 
limits  of  Waycross,  Ga.,  and  200  acres 
near  Waycross,  Ga.,  besides  a number  of 
other  requests  for  conferences  with  the 
committee  from  those  who  desire  to  make 
other  offers  of  land  sites.  So  while  we 
have  all  these  encouraging  things  before 
us  we  can  not  yet  say  where  the  Home 
will  be  located  ; but  when  we  have  suffi- 
cient funds  to  begin  the  work  the  Home 
Building  Committee  will  carefully  con- 
sider each  and  every  tender  and  decide 
when  and  where  in  its  judgment  is  best 
to  locate. 

There  is  much  that  might  be  said 
concerning  our  work  and  influence  as  an 
organization  which  is  generally  felt  and 
recognized  throughout  the  United  States 
and  the  Dominion  of  Canada,  where  our 
jurisdiction  extends,  and  where  we  have 
some  of  the  best,  noblest  and  truest  men 
and  women  to  be  found. 

Clouds  and  Sunshine. 

As  the  “Red  Book,”  which  will  contain 
this  account  is  to  represent  Missouri 
particularly,  I know  I should  confine  my 
statements  especially  to  our  work  and 
lodges  in  this  State.  This  I regret  to  say 
is  somewhat  limited  as  compared  with  the 
whole,  as  we  now  have  but  two  local 
lodges  in  the  state,  being  Kansas  City 
Lodge  No.  1,  located  in  Kansas  City,  Mo., 
where  is  located  also  the  headquarters  of 
the  B.  R.  C.  of  A.  and  Loyal  Star  and 
“Pansy”  Lodge  No.  4,  located  in  Spring- 
field,  Mo.,  which  latter  lodge  is  inclined 
to  being  rather  inactive  at  present.  While 
we  have  had  three  other  lodges  organized 
in  Missouri,  we  regret  exceedingly  the 
fact  that  they  have  fallen  by  the  way- 
side. 

While  we  have  had  our  failures  as 
well  as  successes,  have  had  clouds  as 
well  as  sunshine,  have  met  destroyers  as 
well  as  builders,  yet,  our  faith  in  the 
ultimate  success  of  this  noble  work  which 
stands  for  the  benefit  and  enriching  of  a 
class,  and  of  humanity  is  supreme.  My 
heart  is  filled  with  praise  and  gratitude  to 
Him  who  has  promised  to  be  our  strength 
in  weakness”  and  who  has  proven  a help 
to  all  who  render  the  best  workman- 
ship of  which  he  or  she  is  capable.  When 
we  have  done  our  best,  even  though 
there  is  lack  of  perfection,  we  believe  that 
He,  to  whom  we  are  responsible,  will  per- 
fect that  work  and  will  use  it  as  a means 
toward  accomplishing  the  greatest  good. 
Believing  all  this,  we  are  determined  to 


Many  Enthusiastic  Helpmates. 


175 


press  forward  toward  the  goal  of  this 
worthy  ambition. 

Begging  pardon  for  having  taken  so 
much  space,  earnestly  and  sincerely 
thanking  those  to  whom  we  are  indebted 


for  space  In  the  “RED  BOOK,”  where 
the  LOYAL  STAR  may  record  some- 
thing of  its  history,  aims,  objects  and 
ambitions,  we  continue  in  the  work  of 
abiding  with  faith. 


AUXILIARY  TO  THE  B.  L.  F.  AND  E. 


‘One  of  the  strongest  womens’  auxiliaries  in  the  land  is  the  one  which  is 
affiliated  with  the  Brotherhood  of  Locomotive  Firemen  and  Enginemen.  On 
January  i,  1910,  this  organization  had  6,396  members  in  this  country.  In  Mis- 
souri it  had  14  locals,  located  in  Brookfield,  Eldon,  Kansas  City,  Moberly,  Mo- 
nett,  Nebraska,  New  Franklin,  St.  Louis,  Slater,  Sedalia,  Springfield,  Trenton 
and  Thayer. 

This  womens’  auxiliary  provides  for  an  insurance  benefit,  case  of  death 
or  entire  or  partial  physical  disability.  The  amount  payable  ranges  from  $200 
to  $500.  The  monthly  premiums  are  low. 

The  first  women’s  auxiliary  of  the  Brotherhood  of  Locomotive  Firemen 
and  Enginemen  was  formed  in  April,  1804,  at  the  home  of  Brother  F.  P.  Sargent, 
Tuscon,  Arizona.  It  was  decided  at  that  initial  gathering  that  an  organization 
was  needed  which  would  afford  opportunities  for  wholesome  pleasures  and 
diversions  for  male  members  of  the  order  who  were  absent  from  home.  This 
local  was  simply  called  the  Ladies  Society.  From  it  sprang  the  many  auxili- 
aries, located  all  over  the  land  which  are  now  really  a part  of  the  Brotherhood 
of  Locomotive  Firemen  and  Enginemen. 

The  mission  of  this  organization  is  to  spread  the  gospel  of  friendship  and 
charity,  as  well  as  to  render  material  aid  and  assistance  to  the  Brotherhood,  of 
which  it  is  an  auxiliary. 

The  ladies  auxiliaries  in  Missouri  of  the  Brotherhood,  their  1910  officers 
and  other  information,  is  given  in  the  following  compilation.  If  any  are  miss- 
ing, it  is  because  no  report  was  received: 


Brookfield,  No.  48. — Helpmate  No. 
634,  meets  every  second  and  fourth 
Wednesdays  of  each  month  in  the  I.  O. 
O.  P.  hall,  No.  Main  St.  Bessie  Roberson, 
514  Macon  St.,  is  President;  Ida  Hart- 
man, 704  N.  Monroe  St.,  is  Secretary; 
Emma  Nothrott,  Conductor,  and  Mrs. 
Mae  Friend,  709  Lincoln  St.,  is  treasurer. 

Eldon,  No.  252. — Wild  Rose,  meets  first 
and  third  Thursdays  of  each  month  at 
11th  St.  Myrtle  Mitchell  of  1113  Wash 
Ave.,  is  President;  Estella  Bower  of  208 
W.  11th  St.,  is  Secretary;  Elleanor  No- 
lan of  Bald  Eagle  St.,  is  Conductor,  and 
Greta  Rosabaugh  of  1714  Columbus  Ave., 
is  Treasurer. 

Kansas  City,  No.  32. — Three  Star,  meets 
first  and  third  Wednesdays  of  each  month 
in  N.  N.  & E.  hall,  23rd  and  Summit  St. 
Anna  Neale  of  1232  Kansas  Ave.,  Kansas 
City,  Kansas,  is  President ; Martha  Cary 
of  3029  Wayne  Ave.,  is  Secretary;  Maggie 
Henderson  of  1733  Belleview,  is  Conductor, 
and  Lucy  Paris  of  1305  Reservoir  Ave., 
is  Treasurer. 

Moberly,  No.  134. — Star  of  Honor,  meets 
second  and  fourth  Wednesdays  in  Cunan’s 
hall.  Angie  Wiseman  of  S.  Morly  St.,  is 
President;  Bridget  Malone  of  521  Hagood 


St.,  is  Secretary  and  Conductor,  and  Lula 
Headbrink  of  311  Johnson  St.,  is  Treas- 
urer. 

Monett,  No.  68. — White  Lilac,  meets 
first  and  third  Thursdays  in  Masonic 
hall,  4th  and  Broadway  Sts.  Clara  Hall 
of  4th  St.,  is  President ; Emma  Farrow 
of  621  N.  8th  St.,  is  Secretary;  Bessie 
Cary  is  Conductor,  and  Mae  Brinney  of 
8th  St.,  is  Treasurer. 

Chaffee,  Mo.,  No.  285. — Pride  of  No.  569  : 
Bessie  Mae  La  Val,  President ; Edna  Thom- 
as, Secretary ; Katie  Kizer,  Collector ; 
Flossie  Martin,  Treasurer.  This  organi- 
zation contains  13  members. 

Nevada,  No.  65. — White  Carnation,  meets 
first  and  third  Saturdays  in  K.  P.  hall, 
cor.  Cherrie  and  Cedar  Sts.  Sarah  E. 
Grover  of  317  W.  Walnut  Ave.,  is  Presi- 
dent; Emma  Proctor  of  515  E.  Hickory 
St.,  is  Secretary;  Gertrude  Shultz  of  312 
Ashland  St.,  is  Conductor,  and  Amelia 
Leobline  of  426  E.  Lee  St.,  is  Treasurer. 

New  Franklin,  No.  12. — Fidelity,  meets 
second  and  fourth  Saturdays  of  each 
month  in  Bogg’s  hall.  Cora  Murphy  is 
President ; Laura  Buchanan  is  Secretary ; 
Cora  Riley  is  Conductor  and  Cora  Mur- 
phy is  Treasurer. 


176 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics,  1910. 


St.  Louis , No.  71. — Comrades  of  390, 
meets  second  and  fourth  Wednesdays  of 
each  month  in  Barton  hall,  9 th  and  Bar- 
ton Sts.  Elda  Nirk  of  2503  S.  12th  St. 
is  President;  Josephine  A.  Reed  of  108 
Nagel  St.  is  Secretary  and  Conductor, 
and  Mrs.  Gus  Uhlemeyer  of  2025  S.  2nd 
St.,  is  Treasurer. 

St.  Louis , No.  151. — Missouri,  meets 
second  and  fourth  Thursday  afternoon  of 
eacn  month  at  Jefferson  and  Park  Ave. 
Catherine  Yoelker  of  1852  Russell  Ave., 
is  President;  Phena  Mosley  of  4538 
Wichita  Ave.,  is  Secretary ; Osa  Calliway 
of  2623a  Eads  Ave.,  is  Conductor,  and 
Thresa  Lyons  of  2732  Park  Ave.,  is 
Treasurer. 

Slater,  No.  39. — Chrysanthemum,  meets 
every  second  and  fourth  Wednesday  of 
each  month  in  K.  of  P.  hall.  Nora  Bush- 
man, box  225,  is  President;  Susie  Eikost 
is  Secretary ; Lizzie  Munson  is  Conductor 
and  Nora  Bushman,  box  225,  is  Treasurer. 

Sedalia,  No.  225. — Pride  of  78,  mets  first 
and  third  Thursday  of  each  month  in 
Tillberry’s  hall,  5th  and  Engineers  Sts. 
Elizabeth  Gornall  of  1300  E.  6th  St.,  is 


President;  Jennie  Lewis  of  1316  E.  5th 
St.,  is  Secretary ; Laura  Hoover  of  911  E. 
6th  St.,  is  Conductor,  and  Amelia  Amos 
of  519  E.  5th,  is  Treasurer. 

Springfield,  No.  276. — Re-Echo,  meets 
every  second  and  fourth  Wednesdays  of 
each  month  in  K.  P.  hall  at  220  E. 
Commercial  St.  Mabel  Williams  of  1536 
N.  Grant  St.,  is  President ; Cora  Hunt- 
ress of  233  E.  Atlantic  St.,  is  Secretary; 
Jennie  Martin  of  435  N.  Scott  St.,  is  Con- 
ductor, and  Gertrude  Snyder  of  1325  Clay 
St.,  is  Treasurer. 

Trenton,  No.  165. — Annabell,  meets  sec- 
ond and  fourth  Wednesdays  at  Firemen 
and  Engineers’  hall,  402  Water  St.  Josie 
McQuillin  is  President ; Frona  E.  Carden 
of  606  Elm  St.,  is  Secretary;  Millie  Fish 
is  Conductor  and  Myrtle  Warren  is  Treas- 
urer. 

Thayer,  No.  222. — Fern  of  the  Ozark, 
meets  second  and  fourth  Tuesdays  of 
each  month  at  Boyd’s  hall,  2nd  and  Chest- 
nut Sts.  Eva  Lohnes  is  President ; Lulu 
Green  is  Secretary ; Gertrude  Boughnon 
is  Conductor,  and  Bee  McWilliams  is 
Treasurer. 


AUXILIARIES  TO  INTERNATIONAL  ASSOCIATION  OF  MA 

CHINISTS. 

The  International  Association  of  Machinists  has  a womens’  auxiliary,  la- 
boring with  it  for  the  good  of  the  order,  with  subordinate  bodies  in  nearly 
every  large  city  of  North  America.  The  Grand  lodge  of  this  auxiliary  has  the 
following  international  officers  and  executive  board: 

International  President,  Mrs.  May  Peake,  3425  Franklin, 

Denver,  Colo. 

International  Vice-President,  Mrs.  Anna  Wilson,  2526 
Clarke  Ave.,  Parsons,  Kans. 

International  Secretary-Treasure,  Mrs.  Wm.  Robinson,  457 
Pulliam  St.,  Atlanta,  Ga. 


GENERAL  EXECUTIVE  BOARD. 

Mrs.  E.  C.  Eversole,  1680  Palmwood  Ave.,  Toledo,  Ohio. 
Mrs.  W.  S.  Taylor,  456  W.  8th  South,  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah 
Mrs.  O.  D.  Glenn,  178  Walker  Ave.,  Memphis,  Tenn. 

Mrs.  J.  G.  Cain,  217  N.  50th,  Woodlawn,  Ala. 

Mrs.  W.  E.  Heckel,  915  Mazant,  New  Orleans,  La. 


The  subordinate  auxiliaries  in  Missouri  and  their  officers  (of  those  which 
reported),  and  other  similar  information,  are: 


St.  Louis,  No.  14 — President,  Mrs.  Wil- 
liam Hoermann  of  3043a  St.  Vincent 
Avenue ; Secretary,  Mrs.  J.  F.  Sechler  of 
3129  Rutger  Street. 

Springfield,  Mo.,  Alfie  No.  29. — President, 
Mrs.  William  Schwee  of  812  Mt.  Vernon; 
Secretary,  Mrs.  H.  Seifert  of  1410  Sum- 


mit Avenue.  Meetings  are  held  the  first 
and  third  Thursday  of  every  month  in 
the  K.  of  P.  Hall  on  College  Street. 

Moberly,  No.  37 — President,  Mrs.  E. 
Peters  of  422  Morten  Street;  Secretary, 
Mrs.  W.  Rice  of  540  Winchester  Street. 


Many  Enthusiastic  Helpmates. 


177 


AUXILIARY  TO  THE 


i BROTHERHOOD  OF 
’LOCOMOTIVE 
< ENGINEERS. 


The  Auxiliary  to  the  Brotherhood  of  Locomotive  Engineers  has  many 
subordinate  auxiliaries  in  Missouri.  Among  them  are  the  following: 


ST.  LOUIS  AUXILIARIES. 

Auxiliary  No.  5 ; Brotherhood  of  Lo- 
comotive Engineers  : Meets  every  second 
and  fourth  Wednesdays  of  the  month  at 
1 :30  p.  m.  in  Anchor  Hall,  Jefferson  and 
Park  Avenues.  Mrs.  Julia  White  of  2014 
Eads  Avenue  is  President,  and  Clara  G, 
Woods  of  1715a  Allen  Avenue  is  Secretary. 

Auxiliary  No.  306  ; Brotherhood  of  Lo- 
comotive Engineers  : : Meets  second  and 
fourth  Thursdays  of  the  month  at  2 :00 
P.  M.  at  2869  South  Jefferson  Avenue. 
Mrs.  F.  P.  Williams  of  3647  Humphrey 
Street  is  President ; Mrs.  W.  A.  Richard- 
son of  2347  S.  12th  Street,  is  Secretary. 


Auxiliary  No.  446  ; Brotherhood  of  Lo- 
comotive Engineers  : : Meets  every  second 
and  fourth  Wednesdays  of  month  at  2 :00 
P.  M.  at  Turner  Hall,  Boyle  and  Chou- 
teau Avenues.  Mrs.  C.  W.  Schank  of 
4320  Gibson  Avenue,  is  President;  Mrs. 
Minnie  Meidreth  of  4309  Gibson  Avenue,  is 
Secretary. 

ST.  JOSEPH  AUXILIARY. 

Ladies’  Auxiliary,  Banner  Division  No. 
3 ; Brotherhood  of  Locomotive  Engineers : 
Mrs.  B.  Colyar,  President,  1008  Pacific 
Street ; Mrs.  James  W.  Spears,  Secretary, 
2205  South  Tenth  Street. 


AUXILIARIES  IN  SMALLER  CITIES  AND  TOWNS. 


Brookfield,  Auxiliary  No.  386  ; Brother- 
hood of  Locomotive  Engineers.  Meets 
every  first  and  third  Wednesday  of  each 
month  at  2:30  P.  M.  at  the  I.  O.  O.  F. 
Hall. 

DeSoto,  Auxiliary  No.  58 ; Brotherhood 
of  Locomotive  Engineers.  Meets  every 
first  and  third  Wednesday  of  each  month 
at  3 :00  P.  M.  at  the  K.  of  P.  Hall.  Mrs. 

O.  L.  Owen  of  314  Stewart  Street  is 
President ; Mrs.  Wm.  Styles  is  Secretary. 

Moberly,  Auxiliary  No.  33 ; Brother- 
hood of  Locomotive  Engineers : meets  ev- 
ery first  and  third  Wednesday  at  2 :00 

P.  M.  at  Stamm’s  Hall,  Reed  and  Wil- 
liams Street.  Mrs.  H.  Turner  of  818  W. 
Rollins  Street  is  President ; Mrs.  J.  H. 
Sims  of  800  W.  Reed  Street  is  Secretary. 

Monett,  Auxiliary  No.  223 ; Brother- 
nood  of  Locomotive  Engineers.  Meets 
every  first  and  third  Thursday  at  2 :30 
P.  M.  at  Cambles  Hall.  Mrs.  J.  W.  Rug- 
gles  of  214  7th  & Benton  Streets  is  Presi- 
dent; Mrs.  L.  E.  Galloway  of  306  Euclid 
Avenue  is  Secretary. 

New  Franklin,  Auxiliary  No.  271 ; Bro- 
therhood of  Locomotive  Engineers  : meets 
every  first  and  third  Friday  at  2:30  P.  M. 
in  the  K.  P.  Hall.  Mrs.  H.  S.  Russell  is 
President ; Mrs.  J.  H.  Easley,  Secretary. 

Sedalia,  Auxiliary  No.  15  ; Brotherhood 
of  Locomotive  Engineers.  Meets  every 


second  and  fourth  Wednesday  at  2 :30 
P.  M.  in  the  I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall,  South  Ohio 
Street.  Mrs.  Chas.  Boyle  of  1101  E.  10th 
Street  is  President ; Mrs.  P.  H.  Finch  of 
509  W.  3d  Street  is  Secretary. 

Slater,  Auxiliary  No.  44 ; Brotherhood 
of  Locomotive  Engineers.  Meets  every 
first  and  third  Thursday  at  2 :00  P.  M.  at 
tne  Masonic  Hall.  Mrs.  J.  W.  Allison  is 
President  and  Mrs.  Geo.  Jaques  is  Sec- 
retary. 

Springfield,  Auxiliary  No.  84 ; Brother- 
hood of  Locomotive  Engineers.  Meets 
every  second  and  fourth  Thursday  at  2 :30 
P.  M.  at  K.  of  P.  Hall,  E.  Commercial 
Street.  Mrs.  W.  A.  Noleman  of  1838 
Roberson  Avenue  is  President ; Mrs.  J.  H. 
Milligan  of  1941  Benton  Avenue  is  Sec- 
retary. 

Trenton,  Auxiliary  No.  24;  Brotherhood 
of  Locomotive  Engineers.  Meets  every 
second  and  fourth  Tuesday  at  2 :30  P.  H. 
at  B.  L.  E.  Hall.  Mrs.  Thos.  Brennen- 
stuhl  of  302  Bridge  Street  is  President; 
Mrs.  Mae  Allen  of  2001  Trenton  Avenue  is 
Secretary. 

Thayer,  Auxiliary  No.  371 ; Brother- 
hood of  Locomotive  Engineers.  Meets  first 
and  tnird  Tuesday  of  each  month  at  2 :30 
P.  M.  at  Crane  Hall.  Mrs.  Jacob  Meyers 
is  President  and  Mrs.  L.  Lohnes  is  Secre- 
tary. 


178 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


AUXILIARY  TO  THE  BROTHERHOOD  OF  RAILWAY  TRAINMEN. 

The  Auxiliary  of  the  Brotherhood  of  Railway  Trainmen  has  many  subor- 
dinate councils  in'  Missouri,  scattered  throughout  the  railroad  centers.  In 
the  following  compilation  will  be  found  information  covering  some  of  these 
active  bodies: 


ST.  LOUIS  AUXILIARIES. 

Auxiliary  No.  28  ; Brotherhood  of  Rail- 
way Trainmen.  Meets  every  second  and 
fourth  Wednesday  of  the  month  at  Turner 
Hall,  1508  Chouteau  Avenue;  Mrs.  Phoebe 
Harris  of  3003  Olive  Street  is  President; 
Mrs.  Tillie  B.  White  of  2355  Hickory 
Street  is  Secretary. 

Auxiliary  No.  57  ; Brotherhood  of  Rail- 
way Trainmen.  Meets  every  second  and 
fourth  Tuesday  at  2 :00  P.  M.  at  Loebig’s 
Hall,  Broadway  and  Geyer  Avenues ; Mrs. 
Della  Barada  of  6110  Alabama  Street  is 
President;  Mrs.  Margaret  Dorsey  of  8012 
S.  Broadway  is  Secretary. 

Auxiliary  No.  95  ; Brotherhood  of  Rail- 
way Trainmen.  Meets  every  first  and 
third  Wednesday  of  the  month  at  2 :00 
P.  M.  at  Reiss  Hall,  Blair  and  Salisbury 
Avenues;  Mrs.  E.  Vandervort  of  304  N. 
14th  Street  is  President;  Miss  Blanche 
Ridgeley  of  1320  Lami  Street  is  Secretary. 

Auxiliary  No.  262  ; Brotherhood  of 
Railway  Trainmen.  Meets  every  second 
and  fourth  Friday  at  2:00  P.  M.  at  Vic- 
toria Hall,  Easton  and  Garrison  Avenues ; 
Mrs.  Louisa  Reno  of  4238  Blair  Avenue  is 
President ; Mrs.  Sue  A.  Richardson  of 
2734a  Clark  Avenue  is  Secretary. 

Auxiliary  No.  427 ; Brotherhood  of 
Railway  Trainmen.  Meets  every  second 
and  fourth  Friday  of  the  month  at  2 :30 


P.  M.,  Chouteau  and  Boyle  Avenues. 
Mrs.  Amelia  Bannon,  Mound  City,  Illinois, 
is  President;  Miss  Ethel  Pavey  of  2644 
California  Avenue  is  Secretary. 

KANSAS  CITY  AUXILIARIES. 

Brotherhood  of  Railway  Trainmen, 
Ladies’  Auxiliary,  Silver  City  No.  12,  Ar- 
gentine P.  O.,  K.  C.,  Kan. — First  and 
third  Wednesdays  at  2 :30  P.  M.  at  Fire- 
men’s Hall.  Emily  Caldwell,  Secretary, 
34  South  Eighth  St.,  Argentine  P.  O., 
K.  C.,  Kansas. 

Brotherhood  of  Railway  Trainmen,  La- 
dies’ Auxiliary,  Hilly  City  No.  228,  Kan- 
sas City,  Kas.,  second  and  fourth  Wednes- 
days at  2 P.  M.  at  K.  of  P.  Hall.  Mary 
M.  Fox,  Secretary,  321  S.  Lawndale,  K.  C., 
Mo.  . 

Brotherhood  of  Railway  Trainmen,  La- 
dies’ Auxiliary,  Elzora  No.  235.  Second 
and  fourth  Thursdays  at  2 P.  M.  at  U. 
C.  T.  Hall,  223  W.  12th.  Louise  Atkins. 
Secretary,  1629  West  Prospect  Place. 

ST.  JOSEPH  AUXILIARY. 

Sc.  Joseph  Ladies’  Auxiliary,  Mother 
Regan  Lodge,  No.  135,  Brotherhood  of 
Hailway  Trainmen.  Mrs.  Millie  Siminoe, 
son.  Secretary,  1519  Dewey  Avenue. 
President,  823  Charles  St. ; Carrie  John 
Johnson,  Secretary,  1519  Dewey  Ave. 


MISCELLANEOUS  AUXILIARIES. 


ST.  LOUIS  AND 

ST.  LOUIS. 

Auxiliary  No.  14  ; Switchmen’s  Union  of 
North  America.  Meets  every  second  and 
fourth  Tuesday  of  the  month.  Mrs.  Mary 
Calhoun  of  2140  Salisbury  Street  is  Pres- 
ident; Miss  Margaret  M.  McCarthy  of 
2248  Geraldine  Avenue  is  Secretary. 

Auxiliary  No.  6 and  5 ; St.  Louis  Print- 
ing and  Web  Pressmen.  Meets  at  Plant- 
ers Hotel,  called  meetings.  Mrs.  Otto 
Kalbitz  of  1624  Burd  is  President;  Mrs. 

P.  C.  Murran  of  2518  Burd  is  Secretary. 


KANSAS  CITY. 

Auxiliary  of  the  St.  Louis  Pressfeeders’ 
Union.  Mrs.  Pearce  of  4001  Page  Avenue 
is  President;  Miss  Josie  Sennott  of  3951 
Cook  Avenue  is  Secretary. 

Auxiliary  No.  8 ; St.  Louis  Typographia. 
Meets  second  and  fourth  Thursdays  of  the 
month  at  2 P.  M.  at  Hibernian  Hall,  2619 
Finney  Avenue.  Mrs.  Chas.  Hertenstein 
of  4903a  Page  Avenue  is  President;  Mrs. 
J.  W.  Lowther  of  2721  St.  Vincent  Ave., 
is  Secretary. 


AND  STILL  ANOTHER  IS  ORGANIZED. 

“At  a well-attended  meeting  held  in  Aschenbroedel  Club 
Hall  on  the  evening  of  December  7 (1909)  a Ladies’  Auxiliary 
of  International  Union  of  Steam  Engineers’  Local  No.  2 was 


Many  Enthusiastic  Helpmates. 


179 


formed.  Thirty  charter  members  is  proof  that  the  organi- 
zation bids  fair  to  grow  into  big  numbers.  The  officers  are: 
President,  Mrs.  J.  P.  McDonough;  vice-president,  Mrs.  P. 
Wendel;  secretary,  Mrs.  Charles  Cassidy;  treasurer,  Mrs. 
A.  D.  Wall.  ‘ 

“The  ladies  started  their  auxiliary  for  several  purposes, 
to-wit:  Promote  the  union  label  on  goods  of  every  descrip- 
tion where  the  label  is  employed,  and  to  further  the  organ- 
ized work  of  the  engineers.  The  men  have  four  unions  in 
St.  Louis,  still,  it  is  stated,  with  these  and  a license  law:, 
they  do  not  seem  to  be  able  to  get  together  on  a satisfac- 
tory basis  of  understanding  for  mutual  protection  and  the 
general  good  of  all  concerned.  The  women  propose  to  show 
the  men  how  to  successfully  carry  out  this  work.  A number 
of  men  admit  that  something  of  this  sort  is  necessary.  Con- 
sequently, the  auxiliary’s  work  will  be  watched  with  interest. 
There  is  every  reason  in  the  world  why  the  engineers  should 
have  a strong  organization.  Let  us  hope  the  women  will 
‘show  them.’  Several  meetings  of  the  auxiliary  have  been 
held  since  organizing,  and  considerable  progress  is  reported.” 
— Taken  from  the  monthly  publication  of  that  order. 


KANSAS  CITY. 

Musicians’  Union,  Ladies’  - Auxiliary — 
The  Sunshine  Club — Tuesdays  at  2 P.  M., 
at  Musicians’  Headquarters,  207  Bast  14th 
St.  Secretary,  Mrs.  Anna  Cave,  313  W. 
11th  Street. 

Order  of  Railway  Conductors,  Ladies’ 
Auxiliary,  Foote  Division  No.  68 — First 
and  third  Thursdays  at  2 P.  M.  at  Ar- 
lington Hall,  corner  of  10th  and  Walnut 
Sts.  Mrs.  Jr  M.  Patten,  Secretary,  104 
Westport  Avenue. 

Switchmen’s  Union  of  North  America, 


Ladies’  Auxiliary,  Golden  Rule  Lodge  No. 
17 — Meets  second  Sunday  at  7 P.  M.  and 
fourth  Tuesday  at  2 P.  M.  at  702  South- 
west Blvd.  Mrs.  Kate  Graham,  Secretary, 
2329  Terrace  Street. 


St.  Joseph,  Ladies’  Auxiliary,  Division 
•No.  17,  Order  Railway  Conductors.  Mrs. 
A.  C.  Blakely,  President,  1203  South  13th 
St.;  Mrs.  O.  W.  Wright,  Secretary,  31st 
and  Sylvania  Street. 

Joplin,  Auxiliary  No.  19,  Mrs.  W.  P. 
Gault,  President. 


THIRTIETH  ANNUAL  CONVENTION  AMERICAN 
FEDERATION  OF  LABOR. 


ANNUAL  ADDRESS  OF  PRESIDENT  GOMPERS. 


CONVENTION  IN  ST.  LOUIS,  NOVEMBER,  1910. 

From  the  “Liberator”  of  Sedalia. 

The  Thirteenth  Annual  Convention  of  the  American  Federation  of  Labor 
convened  in  St.  Louis  Monday,  November  14,  1910. 

President  Gompers’  annual  report,  which  is  a critical  analysis  and  com- 
plete survey  of  the  progress  and  development  of  the  American  trades  union 
movement,  and  which  contained  many  suggestions  for  the  future  guidance  of 
our  cause,  compares  favorably  with  his  reports  to  former  conventions 
which  have  taken  their  places  in  the  foremost  rank  of  labor  literature. 

President  Gompers  sounded  a warning  to  those  who  would  out-law  union 
liabor.  He  said  such  action  would  result  in  the  people  expressing  their 


180  Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 

discontent  in  a manner  riot  so  “orderly”  as  the  labor  method  of  education  and 
organization. 

He  advised  further  organization.  He  called  the  labor  press  a useful  tool 
for  the  Unions  to  use,  and  urged  its  support. 

Efforts  to  curb  labor  by  injunctions  he  denounced  as  bringing  about 
slavery. 

EXTRACTS  FROM  THE  REPORT  AS  REPRODUCED  BY  THE  “LIBERATOR.” 


ON  THE  INJUNCTION. 

“It  is  not  amiss,”  said  President 
Gompers  in  the  course  of  his  report,  “here 
to  call  attention  to  the  fact  that  if  work- 
men may  be  denied  by  injunction,  or  by 
other  process,  the  right  to  leave  their  em- 
ployment, eimer  singly  or  in  association, 
for  the  reason  that  they  desire  to  secure 
the  union  shop ; if  they  may  be  restrained 
by  an  injunction  from  striking  in  sym- 
pathy with  their  fellow  workers ; if  they 
may  be  enjoined  from  striking  for  any 
given  reason  whatever,  the  difference  be- 
tween the  so-called  free  workmen  and  the 
workmen  who  must  yield  obedience  to 
their  masters — slaves — has  disappeared. 

“The  only  reason  for  slaveholding  is 
to  compel  men  to  work  in  obedience  to 
their  master’s  will.” 

UNORGANIZED  WORKERS. 

In  another  phase  of  his  report  he  said : 

“Throughout  the  length  and  breadth  of 
our  continent  the  co-operation  and  spirit 
of  fraternity  and  solidarity  by  the  mem- 
bers of  the  organized  labor  movement 
is  a matter  of  commendation  and  deep 
gratification,  and  must  make  for  constant 
growth  through  organizing  the  yet  un- 
organized toilers.” 

LABOR  PRESS. 

In  regard  to  the  labor  press  he  made 
the  following  remark : 

“I  urge  labor’s  representatives  to  vote 
and  work  for  the  assistance  of  their 
printed  messengers,  even  when  any  im- 
mediate beneficial  result  may  appear 
doubtful. 

“A  good  labor  paper,  like  a good  tool, 
is  a thing  which  it  is  well  to  have  at 
hand.” 

court’s  oppressive  power. 

Gompers  also  showed  that  the  original 
relation  of  the  powers  of  the  United  States 
Government  as  ordained  by  the  constitu- 
tion had  been  disturbed  so  that  the  courts 
have  an  oppressive  power  over  all  other 
branches. 

In  detail  the  report  deals  with  a great 
variety  of  matters. 

Taking  up,  after  a brief  introduction, 
the  first  topic,  Gompers  dealt  with  “Or- 
ganization and  Growth.” 


NEW  CHARTERS  ISSUED. 

Under  that  head,  he  asserted  that  for 
the  fiscal  year  ending  September  30,  1910, 
there  were  334  new  charters  issued  by 
the  American  Federation  of  Labor,  which 
were  divided  as  follows : 

International  unions,  2 ; state  federa- 
tions, 1 ; city  central  bodies,  83 ; local 
trade  unions,  152  ; and  federal  trade  un- 
ions, 96. 

Continuing,  he  cited  what  he  declares 
to  be  a natural  law  of  trade  union 
growth,  which  in  brief  is  as  follows : 

TRADE  UNION  GROWTH. 

“A  falling  off  in  the  membership  of  an 
organization  is  due  to  the  adoption  of 
methods  which  do  not  produce  results 
satisfactory  to  the  members  of  that  craft 
and  that  the  adoption  of  such  methods 
as  produce  results  bring  back  old  mem- 
bers who  had  become  disaffected  and 
increase  the  ranks  of  the  unions. 

“To  aid  in  increasing  the  work  among 
the  unorganized,  Gompers  advocates  the 
increase  of  the  per  capita  tax  which 
each  organization  now  pays  into  the 
A.  F.  of  L. 

MOVEMENT  NOT  NARROW. 

Under  the  heading  of  “Our  Movement 
Not  Narrow,”  he  said  in  part: 

“Moving  step  by  step,  trade  unionism 
contains  within  itself,  as  a movement 
and  as  a mechanism,  the  possibilities  for 
establishing  whatever  social  institution 
the  golden  future  shall  develop  for  the 
workers  as  the  predestined  universal  ele- 
ment to  be  in  control  of  society.” 

DEPARTMENT  IDEA. 

Under  the  caption  of  “A.  F.  of  L.  De- 
partments” Gompers  recounts  the  growth 
of  the  department  idea  and  the  hope  for 
its  extension,  and  closes  with  .the  follow- 
ing: 

“I  recommend  that  this  convention  au- 
thorize the  selection  of  a special  com- 
mittee to  give  consideration  to  the  mat- 
ter of  departments,  the  relation  of  the 
departments  to  American  Federation  of 
Labor,  how  they  can  be  practically  ex- 
tended and  improved,  to  the  end  that  the 
cause  of  labor  may  be  more  effectively 
pursued  and  the  promotion  and  advance- 


American  Federation  Convention , 1910. 


181 


ment  of  the  interest  of  the  workers  at- 
tain the  hignest  degree  of  success.”. 

RELATION  WITH  CANADA. 

Under  the  head  of  “Canada”  Gompers 
stated  that  the  affiliation  of  Canadian 
trade  union  men  with  the  international 
unions  in  the  United  States  is  increasing, 
and  that  the  Canadian  workers  are  be- 
coming more  and  more  powerful  political- 
ly. 

“The  protection  of  the  Dominion  work- 
ers from  a sort  of  ‘anti-trust  act,’  called 
the  ‘combines  investigation  act,’  is  cited. 

AID  FOR  PORTO  RICO. 

Considering  what  the  American  Feder- 
ation of  Labor  has  done  for  Porto  Rico, 
Gompers  declares  that  Porto  Rico  has 
now  130  local  labor  unions  with  a mem- 
bership of  12,000  and  sent  $1,000  to  the 
striking  cigarmakers  at  Tampa. 

He  recommends  further  activity  in 
pushing  the  labor  movement  on  that 
island. 

FIGHT  WITH  STEEL  TRUST. 

Taking  up  the  conditions  surrounding 
the  iron,  steel  and  tin  workers,  Gompers 
recounts  the  fight  made  by  the  A.  F.  of 
L.  to  have  the  United  States  Steel  Cor- 
poration attacked  under  the  Sherman 
law  and  the  failure  to  succeed  in  the 
matter. 

He  tells  of  the  Bethlehem  strike  and 
of  the  “reforms”  instituted  by  the  trust 
after  several  investigations  had  been  or- 
dered by  congress. 

The  following  probes  are  under  way : 
The  Steel  Corporation  as  a trust,  conduct- 
ed by  Commissioner  of  Corporations 
Smith,  and  labor  conditions  in  the  steel 
industry,  conducted  by  Commissioner  of 
Labor  Charles  P.  Neill. 

PROSECUTE  COMBINATIONS. 

Efforts  will  be  made  when  the  legis- 
latures reconvene  to  have  anti-trust  pros- 
ecutions begun  against  the  trust,  says 
Gompers. 

He  then  takes  up  the  “Ladies’  Gar- 
ment Workers’  Strike  and  Injunction,” 
declaring  that  the  .liberties  of  labor  are 
being  taken  away  and  slavery  substitut- 
ed. 

In  reporting  on  the  “Shirtwaist  Mak- 
ers’ Strike,”  he  calls  attention  to  police 
brutality  and  the  damage  suit  for  $150,- 
000  which  was  filed  by  a beaten  contract- 
or against  union  officials  and  sympathiz- 
ers connected  with  the  successful  issue 
of  the  strike. 

STRIKE  OF  THE  MINERS. 

Of  the  “Miners’  Strike  and  Others,” 
Gompers  says  that  large  gains  have  been 
made  by  the  miners  and  that  the  strik- 
ers in  the  Pennsylvania  fields  are  mak- 
ing a heroic  fight  for  the  right. 


Speaking  of  the  “Directly  Affiliated 
Locals,”  Gompers  said  that  most  of  them 
have  succeeded  in  their  struggles  with 
organized  capital. 

Under  the  caption  of  “Congress.  Its 
Decadence  and  Renaissance,”  Gompers 
reached  this  conclusion : 

COURTS  USURP  POWER. 

“That  fear  of  sacrificing  party  regular- 
ity forces  the  average  congressman  to 
bow  to  the  will  of  the  speaker  of  the 
house  at  Washington  and  that  the  courts 
have  usurped  the  law-making  power  in 
a way  never  intended  by  the  framers  of 
the  constitution.” 

Under  “New  House  Rules,”  Gompers 
discussed  the  rule  by  which  measures 
can  be  called  from  committees  and  a 
date  set  for  their  hearing  before  the 
house. 

Under  this  rule,  asserts  Gompers,  there 
is  hope  of  calling  the  bill  exempting  labor 
from  the  operation  of  the  anti-trust  law 
and  the  bill  limiting  the  use  of  injunc- 
tions from  their  graves  in  committee 
rooms  to  the  floor  of  the  house  for  dis- 
cussion before  the  Sixty-first  congress 
passes  away  in  March. 

LABOR  LEGISLATION. 

Under  “Summary  and  Status  of  Labor 
Legislation,”  Gompers  gives  a list  of  bills, 
most  of  which  are  either  ‘pending  before 
the  house’  or  ‘still  in  committee’  or  ‘re- 
ported for  passage,’  but  which  still  await 
final  action. 

After  reciting  the  course  of  the  legis- 
lation in  regard  to  “Anti-Trust  and  Anti- 
Injunction,”  Gompers  concluded  : 

“That  congress  must  define  the  limits 
in  which  the  courts  may  act  and  must 
prevent  their  oppressive  action  of  labor 
disputes  in  which  the  judges  now  ex- 
ercise a lawmaking  function. 

“To  submit  to  such  reaction,”  said 
Gompers,  of  judge-made  laws,  “would  be 
the  extreme  of  folly.” 

SEES  DELUSION. 

“It  would  be  an  admission  that  the 
struggle  of  our  revolutionary  forefathers 
was  in  vain  and  that  government  by  the 
people  is  a delusion.” 

“Injunction,  Contempt,  Appeals,”  is  the 
heading  under  which  Gompers  reviewed 
the  Bucks  Stove  and  Range  Company 
case. 

Under  “Suits  Against  Labor  Under 
Anti-Trust  Law,”  Gompers  referred  to 
the  Danburry  hatters’  case  and  others. 

Under  “Irrational  Antagonism  to  Or- 
ganized Labor’s  Protest  and  Progress,” 
Gompers  issued  the  following  warning: 

WARNING  ISSUED. 

“In  all  countries  of  the  civilized  world 
the  economic  problem  is  up  for  discus- 


182 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


sion,  and  its  solution,  gradual,  peaceful 
or  otherwise,  is  a question  of  imminent 
importance. 

“What  in  many  other  countries  is 
sought  or  accomplished  by  force  or  the 
show  of  force  is  in  our  movement  under- 
taken or  achieved  by  the  American  meth- 
ods of  agitation  and  education  and  the 
exercise  of  the  personal  rights  of  man  in 
association  with  his  fellows ; rights  which 
must  not  under  any  pretense  be  denied  by 
the  subterfuge  of  injunctions  or  by  the 
perversion  or  interpretation  of  law. 

LABOR  OUTLAWED. 

“If  the  labor  movement  of  America 
can  be  outlawed  and  its  normal  endeavors 
in  the  interest  of  the  toilers  and  all  the 
depraved  stratum  of  humanity  made  im- 
possible, the  discontent  of  our  people 
with  existing  wrongs  and  their  efforts  for 
relief  will  find  their  expression  in  an- 
other form,  a form  perhaps  not  quite  so 
rational  and  orderly. 

“On  another  occasion  I expressed  this 
thought,  whereupon  malicious  opponents 
have  perverted  it  to  make  it  appear  the 
utterance  of  a threat. 

NOT  A THREAT. 

“It  is  not  a threat ; it  is  a diagnosis  of 
societary  conditions ; it  is  a prediction,  a 
prediction  based  on  the  struggle  of  the 
people  in  the  past  and  an  understanding 
of  human  nature.” 

After  this  discussion  he  takes  up  and 
argues  for  the  extension  of  the  eight- 
hour  day,  telling  what  has  been  accom- 
plished in  that  direction. 

CHILD  LABOR. 

On  “Child  Labor,”  Gompers  says  that 
forty-four  states  have  now  child  labor 
laws  of  some  sort  because  of  the  recog- 
nition that  union  labor  is  forcing  the  im- 
portance of  the  child  to  the  future  state 
of  society. 

Competition  of  convict  labor  with  free 
labor  is  condemned  under  the  “Labor  of 
Convicts.”  The  contract  system  by 
which  contractors  exploit  prison  labor  is 
especially  denounced. 

IMMIGRATION  BILLS. 

A report  is  made  on  the  immigration 
bills  passed  or  pending  before  Congress. 

Asiatic  exclusion  is  favored  by  Gom- 
pers. 

Thirty-seven  states  have  some  form  of 
employers’  liability  laws,  said  Gompers. 

“Seemingly,”  asserts  Gompers,  “the 
American  public  has  just  awakened  to  the 
fact  that  of  all  the  civilized  countries  of 
t lie  world,  Turkey  and  the  United  States 
are  the  only  two  left  that  still  cling  to 
the  old  common  law  doctrine  with  re- 
spect to  industrial  accidents. 


LABOR  DEPARTMENT. 

Gompers  advocates  a United  States 
cabinet  department  of  labor.  He  de- 
mands public  industrial  education.  He 
also  advocates  second  class  mailing  rates 
for  labor  papers  and  periodicals. 

Insurance  laws  and  trade  unions  Gom- 
pers discussed,  saying  that  in  the  South 
Carolinas  the  carpenters  had  been  placed 
under  the  law  governing  fraternal  insur- 
ance societies. 

He  made  a report  on  the  constitution 
of  Oklahoma,  Arizona  and  New  Mexico, 
and  the  initiative  and  referendum  in 
Oregon.  The  action  of  the  American 
Federation  of  Labor  is  taken  by  Gompers 
as  the  real  cause  of  the  general  awaken- 
ing of  the  people  to  the  knowledge  of 
trust  controlled  government  and  the  sub- 
sequent protest. 

CONSERVE  ECONOMIC  RIGHTS. 

Under  “Labor’s  Rights  and  Economic 
Power”  Gompers  declared  that  no  law 
must  be  made  to  take  away  the  rights  of 
the  wage  workers. 

He  praises  trades  unionism  as  a 
means  by  which  labor  may  conserve  its 
economic  rights. 

He  attacked  the  use  of  the  “police 
third  degree”  under  the  head  of  “Police 
Oppression  and  the  Third  Degrees,”  and 
declares  its  use  to  be  general. 

He  asks  all  labor  to  condemn  the  prac- 
tice as  barbarous  and  to  take  proper 
steps  against  it.. 

LABOR  DAY. 

He  asks  that  the  significance  of  labor 
day  he  maintained  and  praises  labor 
Sunday. 

Under  the  caption,  “The  International 
Secretariat,”  Gompers  told  how  he,  pur- 
suant to  the  instructions  from  the  last 
convention  of  the  A.  F.  of  L .,  forwarded 
to  Secretary  Carl  Legion  of  the  Inter- 
national Secretariat  the  $567.21,  which, 
on  the  basis  of  30  cents  per  thousand 
members,  and  thus  made  the  American 
Federation  of  Labor  and  its  affiliated 
bodies  become  members  of  the  Interna- 
tional Secretariat. 

By  Gompers  sending  in  the  dues  the 
A.  F.  of  L.  is  now  a 'member  of  the  in- 
ternational organization  of  trade  unions. 

PRAISES  ORGANIZERS. 

Gompers  said  that  there  is  under  pres- 
ent conditions  constant'  incentive  to  mis- 
state the  age  of  children  so  that  they 
may  go  to  work  and  become  bread  win- 
ners. 

He  praises  the  A.  F.  of  L.  organizers, 
tne  American  Federationist  and  the  labor 
press  in  general. 

He  concluded  by  thanking  the  members 
of  the  executive  board  of  the  A.  F.  of  L. 
for  their  work  in  the  past  year. 


PROMINENT  MEMBERS  ST.  LOUIS  M.  M.  B.  A, 


William  Leeders,  M.  M.  B.  A.  No.  2.  St.  Louis. 

Hon.  Owen  Miller  of  St.\Louis.  President  ofithe  'Missouri 
State  Federation  of  Labor ; President  of  the  Musicians ’ 

Mutual  Benevolent  Association , No.  2,  of  St.  Louis. 


M.  F.  Geeks , Sr.  A Veteran  Member  M.  M B. 
A.  No.  2,  of  St.  Louis. 


Mr.  Fred.  Schilling er , a former  President , M.  M. 
B.  A.  No.  2,  St.  Louis. 


American  Federation  Convention,  1910. 


183 


SPLENDID  BODY  OF  MEN. 


VIEWS  OF  A CLERGYMAN  ON  THE  1910  AMERICAN  FEDERATION 
CONVENTION  AT  ST.  LOUIS. 

BY  REV.  CHARLES  STELZLE. 


The  American  Federation  of  Labor  con- 
vention now  in  session  in  St.  Louis  is 
probably  the  biggest  in  the  history  of  the 
organization.  There  are  about  four  .hun- 
dred delegates — veterans,  almost  everyone 
of  them,  and  all  on  the  job.  I have  at- 
tended six  consecutive  conventions,  and 
I’ve  had  a chance  to  know  practically 
every  man  who  attends  these  conventions, 
for  most  of  them  come  year  after  year. 
Any  man  who  attempts  to  deceive  these 
delegates  is  hauled  up  short  and  sharp. 
They  know  the  game  and  they  can’t  be 
fooled.  That’-s  the  advantage  of  sending 
veterans,  although  it’s  a good  plan  to  in- 
ject some  new  blood  into  the  convention 
each  year.  The  way  they  follow  an  argu- 
ment in  the  discussion  is  an  amazing  thing 
even  to  the  newspaper  men,  who  are  ac- 
customed to  listening  to  debates  and  be- 
ing always  alert  to  the  points  being  made. 

President  Gomper’s  annual  report  was  a 
great  document.  It  showed  the  acumen 
of  a statesman.  All  talk  about  ousting 
him  from  the  presidency  is  nonsense,  for 
there  will  be  no  real  opposition  to  him, 
and  he  will  undoubtedly  be  unanimously 
re-elected.  The  Socialists  will  make  no 


open  fights  on  him,  and  they  will  not 
offer  the  usual  “Socialistic  Resolutions.” 
They  will  fight — if  they  fight  at  all — as 
bona  fide  trades  unionists,  and  they  will 
declare  warfare  against  the  common 
enemy.  It’s  a healthy  sign  that  the 
Socialists  in  the  convention  are  becom- 
ing more  opportunistic  in  the  propaganda 

But  these  jurisdictional  strifes — what  a 
bane  they  are.  It  will  be  a great  day 
when  the  various  organizations  can  get 
together  and  honestly  talk  through  their 
differences,  and  then  stand  by  the  decision 
arrived  at.  But  we’re  very  human — most 
of  us — and  this  accounts  for  a lot  of  the 
cussedness  that  often  crops  out. 

On  the  whole,  there’s  a fine  spirit 
among  the  delegates.  The  general  char- 
acter of  the  men  is  improving.  This  is 
evident  during  the  short  space  of  half  a 
dozen  years.  To  see  them  in  the  lobbies 
of  the  hotels  they  look  as  keen  and  as 
clean  as  any  group  of  business  men.  They 
are  a crowd  of  which  the  labor  men  of 
American  may  well  be  proud.  Let’s  stand 
back  of  them.  They  have  a pretty  tough 
job  at  best. 


ORGANIZATIONS  OF  THE  1910  CONVENTION  ENTITLED  TO  ONE  HUNDRED 

VOTES  AND  OVER. 

From  “Labor  Herald”  of  Kansas  City,  Mo. 


The  following  are  the  big  organizations 
at  the  A.  F.  of  L.  convention  which  were 
entitled  to  one  hundred  and  more  votes, 
and  the  delegates  by  whom  they  were  rep- 
resented : 

Bakery  and  Confectionery  Workers’  In- 
ternational Union— Chris.  Kerker,  Henry 
Koch,  127  votes. 

Barbers’  International  Union — W.  E. 
Klapetzky,  Frank  X.  Noschang,  Jacob 
Fischer,  Ed.  Anderson,  265  votes. 

International  Brotherhood  of  Black- 
smiths— J.  W.  Kline,  C.  N.  Glover,  W.  J. 
Dougherty,  100  votes. 

Boilermakers  and  Iron  Shipbuilders  of 
America — Joseph  A.  Franklin,  Joseph 
Flynn,  Thomas  H.  Flynn,  161  votes. 


Boot  and  Shoe  Workers’  International 
Union — John  F.  Tobin,  Michael  J.  Halli- 
nan,  Arthur  B.  Higgins,  Joseph  J.  Chat- 
terton,  Miss  Margaret  Kelly,  325  votes. 

Brewery  Workers’  International  Union 
— Louis  Kemper,  Joseph  Proebstle,  John 
Sullivan,  Ed.  F.  Ward,  A.  J.  Kugler,  400 
votes. 

Bridge  and  Structural  Iron  Workers’ 
International  Association  of — Frank  M. 
Ryan,  John  T.  Butler,  J.  P.  Kelly,  100 
votes. 

Carpenters  and  Joiners  of  America, 
United  Brotherhood  of — Wm.  D.  Huber, 
Frank  Duffy,  William  B.  Macfarlane, 
Carl  Young,  Thomas  Flynn,  William  J. 
Kelly,  A.  M.  Swartz,  1904  votes. 


184 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


Cigarmakers’  International  Union  — 
Samuel  Gompers,  Thomas  P.  Tracy,  John 
T.  Smith,  J.  Mahlon  Barnes,  432  votes. 

Clerks’  International  Protective  Asso- 
ciation, Retail — H.  J.  Conway,  M.  E. 
Licht,  D.  P,  Manning,  150  votes. 

Engineers,  International  Union  of, 
Steam — Matt  Comerford,  James  G.  Han- 
nahan,  John  J.  Glass,  John  McNamara, 
160  votes. 

Garment  Workers  of  America,  United 
— T.  A.  Rickert,  B.  A.  Larger,  Y.  Alt- 
man, S.  L.  Landers,  Harry  Meyer,  542 
votes. 

Garment  Workers’  Union,  International 
Ladies’ — Abraham  Rosenberg,  John  A. 
Dyche,  Alexander  Bloch,  187  votes. 

Glass  Bottle  Blowers’  Association  of 
the  United  States  and  Canada — D.  A. 
Hayes,  Harry  Crist,  Everett  E.  Thorp, 
100  votes. 

Granite  Cutters’  International  Associa- 
tion of  America — James  Duncan,  Alexan- 
der M.  Smith,  Paul  Bianchi,  134  votes. 

Hod  Carriers  and  Building  Laborers  of 
America,  International — D.  D’Alesandro, 
David  Kirby,  W.  W.  Cordeli,  114  votes. 

Hotel  and  Restaurant  Employes’  Inter- 
national Alliance  and  Bartenders’  Inter- 
national League  of  America — T.  J.  Sulli- 
van, Jere  L.  Sullivan,  John  J.  Griffin, 
Robert  Hesketh,  Thos.  S.  Farrell,  370 
votes. 

Longshoremen’s  Association,  Interna- 
tional— T.  Y.  O’Connor,  M.  W.  Kelleher, 
T.  J.  Dolan,  I.  H.  Sanderson,  208  votes. 

Machinists,  International  Association — 
James  O’Connell,  C.  W.  Fry,  J.  J.  Kee- 
gan, P.  W.  Buckley,  J.  J.  Handley,  569 
votes. 

Metal  Workers’  International  Alliance, 
Amalgamated  Sheet — M.  O’Sullivan,  Thos. 
J.  Butler,  John  E.  Bray,  162  votes. 

Mine  Workers  of  America,  United — T. 
L.  Lewis,  Edwin  Perry,  John  Mitchell, 
Prank  J.  Hayes,  John  H.  Walker,  W.  B. 
Wilson,  E.  S.  McCullough,  2,337  votes. 


Molders’  Union  of  North  America,  In- 
ternational— Jos.  P.  Valentine,  John  P. 
Frey,  John  O’Neill,  William  Schwab, 
John  P.  Dunachie,  500  votes. 

Musicians,  American  Federation  of — 
Joseph  N.  Weber,  Owen  Miller,  Joseph  F. 
Winkler,  David  A.  Carey,  400  votes. 

Painters,  Decorators  and  Paperhangers 
of  America,  Brotherhood  of — J.  C.  Skemp, 
Jacob  Tazelaar,  E.  Frank  Moorehouse, 
Samuel  Kelley,  Daniel  J.  Evans,  635 
votes. 

Plasterers’  International  Association  of 
United  States  and  Canada,  Operative — 
Edward  McGivern,  John  Donlin,  Edward 
L.  Smyth,  152  votes. 

Plumbers,  Gas  Fitters,  Steam  Fitters 
and  Steam  Fitters’  Helpers  of  United 
States  and  Canada,  United  Association 
of — John  Alpine,  Patrick  Murphy,  Wil- 
liam J.  Tracy,  James  F.  Malley,  200  votes. 

Printing  Pressmen’s  Union,  Interna- 
tional— George  L.  Berry,  E.  Porter  Mur- 
phy, Wm.  H.  Taylor,  Wm.  Carr,  186  votes. 

Railroad  Telegraphers,  Order  of — H.  B. 
Perham,  L.  W.  Quick,  D.  G.  Ramsay,  L. 
A.  Tanquary,  2 00,  votes. 

Railway  Employes  of  America,  Amal- 
gamated Association  of  Street  and  Elec- 
tric— W.  D.  Mahon,  Ben  Commons,  C.  O. 
Pratt,  367  votes. 

Seamen’s  Union  of  America,  Interna- 
tional— Andrew  Furuseth,  Victor  A. 
Olander,  160  votes. 

Tailors’  Union  of  America,  Journey- 
men— E.  J.  Brais,  John  B.  Lennon,  James 
Lindola,  117  votes. 

Teamsters,  International  Brotherhood 
of — Daniel  J.  Tobin,  Thomas  L.  Hughes, 
Anton  J.  Hermann,  Wm.  A.  Neer,  L.  A. 
Grace,  358  votes. 

Textile  Workers  of  America,  United — 
John  Golden,  Urban  Fleming,  100  votes. 

Typographical  Union,  International — 
James  M.  Lynch,  Frank  Morrison,  Max 
Hayes,  Hugh  Stevenson,  T.  W.  McCul- 
lough, 491  votes. 


OFFICERS,  1911,  OF  THE  AMERICAN  FEDERATION  OF  LABOR. 

Samuel  Gompers,  President. 

Jas.  Duncan,  First  Vice-President. 

John  F.  Mitchell,  Second  Vice-President. 

Jas.  O’Connell,  Third  Vice-President. 

D.  A.  Hayes,  Fourth  Vice-President. 

W.  D.  Huber,  Fifth  Vice-President. 

Joseph  F.  Valentine,  Sixth  Vice-President. 

John  R.  Alpine,  Seventh  Vice-President. 

H.  B.  Perham,  Eighth  Vice-President. 

John  B.  Lennon,  Treasurer. 

Frank  Morrison,  Secretary. 

Headquarters  are  located  at  Washington,  D.  C.,  where 
all  communications  should  be  addressed  to  either  Samuel 
Gompers,  President,  or  Frank  Morrison,  Secretary. 


American  Federation  Convention,  1910. 


185 


OTHER  HONORS. 

Fraternal  Delegate  to  the  British  Trades  Union  Con- 
gress— William  B.  Macfarlane  of  the  United  Brotherhood  of 
Carpenters  and  Joiners,  and  Daniel  J.  Tobin  of  the  Interna- 
tional Brotherhood  of  Teamsters. 

Delegates  to  the  Canadian  Trades  and  Labor  Congress — ■ 

Wm.  J.  Tracy  of  the  International  Association  of  Plumbers, 
Gasfitters,  Steamfitters  and  Steamfitters’  Helpers. 

Delegates  to  the  Conference  of  the  International  Secre- 
tariat, to  be  held  in  Budapest  in  1911 — James  Duncan,  First 
Vice-President  American  Federation  of  Dabor. 


After  a spirited  contest  between  the  delegates  representing  the  interests  of 
Rochester,  N.  Y.,  Washington,  D.  C.,  and  Atlanta,  Ga.,  the  latter  city — Atlanta 
— was  selected  as  the  scene  of  the  1911  convention. 


Labor  day,  the  first  Monday  of  September,  has  long  been  a 
Labor  Day  legal  holiday  in  Missouri.  On  that  day  organized  working- 
Legal  Holiday,  men  engaged  in  pursuits  which  can  be  suspended  for  the  day, 
gather  in  the  various  towns  and  villages  of  the  State,  mingle 
together,  listen  to  appropriate  addresses  and  otherwise  celebrate. 

The  Legislature  of  1903  passed  an  act  covering  Missouri  cities  of  300,000 
inhabitants  and  over  which  made  Saturday  a half-holiday,  from  noon  on,  for 
all  officials  and  employes  of  county  and  municipal  offices  in  such  cities,  and 
the  county  immediately  adjoining.  At  present  this  law  only  applies  to  St. 
Louis  and  Kansas  City  and  St.  Louis  county  and  Jackson  county.  All  banks 
and  trust  companies  have  the  legal  right,  all  over  the  State,  to  close  at  noon  on 
Saturdays.  For  certain  callings,  for  the  sake  of  the  general  health  and  safety, 
the  hours  a day  anyone  can  be  employed  are  limited  by  law  to  eight.  This 
statute  particularly  applies  to  miners  working  under  ground  and  to  employes 
in  smelters. 


Following  is  a list  of  the  1909  presidents  and  sec- 
Presidents  and  Secretaries  retaries  of  the  various  labor  organizations  of  Mis- 
of  Labor  Unions.  souri,  together  with  their  postoffice  addresses. 

After  this  information  ha*s  been  imparted  for  St. 
Louis,  Kansas  City,  St.  Joseph,  Springfield,  Joplin,  Sedalia,  Hannibal,  Jefferson 
City,  Moberly,  Cape  Girardeau,  the  same  is  given  for  the  other  cities  and  towns 
in  alphabetical  order  of  their  names: 


ST.  LOUIS  LABOR  UNIONS;  PRESIDENTS  AND  SECRETARIES,  1910. 


186 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics,  1910. 


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KANSAS  CITY  LABOR  UNIONS;  PRESIDENTS  AND  SECRETARIES,  1910. 

Unless  otherwise  stated  all  labor  union  officials  included  in  the  table  live  in  Kansas  City. 


190 


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PRESIDENTS  AND  SECRETARIES  OF  LABOR  UNIONS  OF  OTHER  CITIES  AND  TOWNS,  1910. 


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PRESIDENTS  AND  SECRETARIES  OF  LABOR  UNIONS  OF  OTHER  CITIES  AND  TOWNS,  1910 — Continued. 


198 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics,  1910. 


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Laborers  No.  12922 1 Wm.  Morgan 


PRESIDENTS  AND  SECRETARIES  OF  LABOR  UNIONS  OF  OTHER  CITIES  AND  TOWNS,  1910— Continued. 


200 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics,  1910. 


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After  the  invocation  bjr  Rev.  J.  G.  Jones,  Mr.  Shipman  then 
down  to  business. 


dMORE  ST.  LOUIS  MUSICIANS. 


M.  F.  Geeks , Jr.  A prominent  member.  M.  M.  B. 
A.,  Local  No.  2,  St.  Louis. 


Mr.  I.  L.  Schwen,  M.  M.  B.  A.  No.  2,  St.  Louis. 


Otto  Ostendorf , M.  M.  B.  A.  No.  2,  St.  Louis. 


Ben.  F.  Sellers , Ex-President  ana  several  times 
Secretary  of  St.  Louis  Local  No.  2 , M.  M.  B.  A. 


Organized  Labor,  Missouri,  1909-10. 


201 


FARMER’S  ALLIANCE,  ) 1Q1A  in 
MISSOURI  STATE  GRANGE,  f 1910-11 


The  farmers  of  Missouri  have  two  general  organizations  which  they  use 
in  furthering  their  interests  and  welfare;  in  promoting  social  intercourse,  and 
obtaining  legislation  which  is  of  mutual  benefit  to  their  calling. 

These  two  organizations  are  well  organized,  powerful  and,  at  times  very 
energetic.  Through  them  much  good  is  accomplished. 

The  Missouri  State  Grange  held  its  1910  convention  in  Palmyra  in  the 
early  part  of  December.  The  delegates  to  the  same  were: 


DELEGATES  WHO  ATTENDED. 

J.  F.  Wilson,  Lewistown ; Ed.  Arnold, 
Lewistown ; Mrs.  S.  R.  Dunbar,  Gregory ; 
J.  C.  Shanks,  Benjamin ; Geo.  Bixler, 
Benjamin ; Angelo  Wilson,  Geo.  Mathews, 
Ewing ; Miss  Lulu  Doyle,  Miss  Kate  Doyle, 
Harry  Lewis,  Kahoka ; Hal  Ewalt,  Mrs. 
Maude  Ewalt,  Tolona;  W.  E.  Dunn,  Phila- 
delphia ; Jno.  A.  Miller,  Hannibal ; M.  V. 
Bashore,  Palmyra ; A.  C.  Meyers,  Monroe 
City ; Clay  Marks,  Henry  Kuhn,  Canton ; 
Mrs.  A.  G.  Crossan,  Hannibal ; William 
James,  W.  C.  Rhoades,  New  London ; Ben 
Layton,  Ethel  Layton,  Luray ; Mrs.  Geo. 
White,  A.  W.  Nesbet,  Maywood ; E.  A. 
Ikinberry,  Miss  Pearl  Thomas,  Columbia ; 


L.  F.  Zipse,  Ewing ; H.  C.  Gam,  Maywood ; 
J.  T.  Phillips,  Ewing ; N.  M.  Henderson, 
Ed.  Risk,  Benjamin ; A.  W.  Porter,  H. 
Broenson,  La  Belle ; Chas.  Smith,  Greg- 
ory ; Lon  Freeman,  Harvey  Mallory, 
Philadelphia ; E.  A.  Carney,  Scott  Ray- 
poltz,  La  Belle ; J.  B.  Drake,  Hannibal ; 
B.  C.  Zimmermann,  Mrs.  B.  C.  Zimmer- 
'mann,  H.  A.  Atherton,  Mrs.  H.  A.  Ather- 
ton, Lewistown ; T.  M.  Riley,  Kahoka ; 
D.  J.  Wiseman,  G.  B.  Bowles,  Miss  Fay 
Bowles,  Maywood ; Phil  Sublett,  J.  W. 
Wallace,  Ewing;  C.  A.  Ferganspan,  E.  C. 
Steffensville,  Steffensville ; B.  H.  Tonkin- 
son,  Ewing. 


The  convention  lasted  three  days.  The  chief  feature  of  the  program  was 
a proposition  to  give  each  one  of  Missouri’s  1 14  counties  an  agricultural  experi- 
mental farm.  This  plan  of  educating  Missouri’s  future  farmers  at  home  cre- 
ated much  enthusiasm,  and  was  unanimously  concurred  in  by  the  delegates 
to  the  gathering. 

As  outlined,  the  plan  is  to  introduce  before  the  1911  State  Assembly  a bill 
which  will  give  each  county  in  the  state  the  authority  to  hold  a local  option 
election  on  the  proposition  to  issue  bonds  to  purchase  a small  experimental 
farm.  With  the  money  raised  thus,  suitable  buildings  will  be  erected  to  house 
the  school  and  stables  for  fine  live  stock.  The  school  building  will  have 
class  rooms  and  laboratories  for  soil  analysis.  The  cost  is  to  be  optional 
with  the  county. 

M.  V.  Bashore,  the  author  of  the  bill,  says  $25,000  to  $50,000  would  cover 
the  cost  for  a 30-acre  farm  and  suitable  buildings.  The  state  will  be  asked  to 
furnish  instructors  to  be  drawn  from  the  State  Agricultural  school  at  Colum- 
bia. Thus  the  young  men  that  Missouri  educates  can  in  turn  educate  the  Mis- 
souri farmer,  his  sons  and  daughters.  These  instructors  will  do  missionary 
work  in  Missouri  and  the  state  will  not  lose  their  valuable  services. 

Before  the  convention  adjourned  the  following  officers  were  elected  to 
serve  during  the  year  1911: 


Master — C.  O.  Raine,  Canton. 

Overseer — M.  V.  Bashore,  Palmyra. 
Lecturer — E.  A.  Ikenberry,  New  Lon- 
don. 

Steward — William  James,  New  London. 
Ass’t  Stewart — Edward  Risk,  Benjamin. 
Chaplain — Angelo  Wilson,  Ewing. 
Treasurer — John  A.  Miller,  Hannibal. 
Secretary — Miss  Lula  Fuqua,  Hannibal. 
Gatekeeper — Harry  Lewes,  Kahoka. 


Ceres — Mrs.  George  White,  Maywood. 
Flora — Mrs.  Ethel  Layton,  Luray. 
Pomona — Mrs.  Maude  Ewalt,  Tolona. 
Lady  Ass’t  Steward — Miss  Pearl 

Thomas,  Columbia. 

EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE. 

Geo.  W.  Vaughn,  Ewing,  chairman ; J. 
W.  Buch,  Gregory ; W.  B.  Throckmorton, 
La  Belle. 


202 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


SOME  PROPOSED  LEGISLATION. 

The  Consumers’  League  of  Missouri,  is  after  prevention  legislation  in  the 
interest  of  the  women  and  children  factory  workers  of  the  state,  and  during 


the  coming  legislature  the  following 
fostered: 

1.  “A  bill  to  prohibit  the  employment 
of  children  under  fourteen  years  of  age  in 
factories  and  other  establishments  dan- 
gerous to  their  health  and  morals, 
thorughout  the  State.  Also,  to  prohibit 
the  employment  of  children  between  14  and 
16  years  of  age  in  the  same  establish- 
ment for  more  than  nine  hours  per  day 
throughout  the  State. 

2.  “A  bill  to  prohibit  the  employment 
of  females  in  manufacturing  and  me- 
chanical establishments,  laundries  and 
work  shops,  for  more  than  nine  hours  per 
day. 

3.  “A  bill  to  extend  the  factory  in- 


described  bills  will  be  introduced  and 


spection  law  to  cover  the  entire  State, 
and  to  provide  that  the  expenses  of  the 
factory  inspector’s  office  shall  be  paid 
out  of  the  general  revenue  fulnd,  by 
regular  appropriation,  and  that  the  fees  of 
said  office  shall  be  paid  into  the  general 
revenue  fund.  Also  to  provide  that  every 
article  entirely  made  in  a legally  in- 
spected factory  may  contain  a label  show- 
ing that  fact,  with  a penalty  for  using 
such  label  falsely,  thus  enabling  the  con- 
sumer to  distinguish  between  food  and 
clothing  made  in  clean,  legally  inspected 
factories,  and  in  dirty,  disease  laden  tene- 
ments.” 


STATE  FREE  EMPLOYMENT  DEPARTMENT. 


ANNUAL  REPORTS,  1910 


1.— FOR  STATE, 

2 —ST.  LOUIS  BUREAU, 

3. — KANSAS  CITY  “ 

4. — ST.  JOSEPH 


REVIEW  OF  THE  WORK  ACCOMPLISHED  DURING  THE  FISCAL 
YEAR  WHICH  ENDED  SEPTEMBER  30,  1910. 


Employment  was  furnished  during  the  fiscal  year,  which  ended  Septem- 
ber 30,  1910,  to  10,664  men  and  women  by  the  State  Free  Employment 
Bureaus  of  St.  Louis,  Kansas  City  and  St.  Joseph.  Of  this  large  number  of 
idle  but  willing  workers,  who  were  given  an  opportunity  to  eairn  wages,  9*614 
were  of  the  male  sex  and  1,050  women  and  girls  over  16  years  old. 

In  the  same  period  14,976  employers  of  the  cities  mentioned,  applied  to 
the  three  bureaus  for  help,  12,642  requesting  that  they  be  supplied  with  male 
workers  and  2,334,  females. 

The  applications  for  help  outnumbered  the  men  and  women  put  to  work 
by  4,312,  which  difference  is  due  to  the  fact  that  at  times  there  was  no  surplus 
of  the  kind  of  employes  which  were  wanted. 

That  state  free  employment  bureaus  pay  in  the  long  end  is  positively 
shown  by  the  fact  that  10,664  men  and  women  were  supplied  with  employ- 
ment and  thereby  taken,  practically,  from  the  streets  of  St.  Louis,  Kansas 
City  and  St.  Joseph,  and  given  food,  shelter  and  enough  wages  to  supply 
other  necessities  of  life. 


State  Free  Employment  Department,  1910. 


203 


The  men  and  women  who  were  furnished  work  belong  to  the  class  who 
actually  are  anxious  to  earn  a living,  no  matter  how  difficult  the  task  given 
them  to  perform,  is,  or  they  would  not  have  appeared  at  the  State  Employ- 
ment Bureaus  and  made  it  known  that  they  were  searching  for  situations.  At 
least  this  much  good  was  accomplished  without  considering  the  other  recom- 
mending features  of  this  Missouri  Department.  The  shiftless,  lazy  and,  there- 
fore useless  kind  of  inhabitants,  the  ones  who  want  to  live  without  working, 
never  apply  for  situations,  and  they  would  not  strive  to  hold  a position  even  if 
one  was  given  them. 


Merits  of  the  State  Free  System. 

Before  the  State  authorized  and  opened  up  its  free  employment  bureaus, 
the  men  and  women  who  now  depend  upon  them  for  their  situations,  were 
then  at  the  mercy  of  private  fee  exacting  agencies  and  had  to  pay  from  $i  to 
$3  every  time  they  applied  for  work,  with  the  latter  sum  as  the  prevailing 
cost  of  the  service  for  thirty  days.  Even  so,  only  one  out  of  every  five  ap- 
plicants, when  the  agency  was  honestly  run,  (and  some  were  and  are)  se- 
cured employment.  The  other  four  had  to  search  elsewhere.  Then  again, 
employers  needing  help  were  charged  a fee  for  supplying  them  with  workers. 

In  the  fiscal  year  which  is  under  consideration,  the  14,713  men  and  women 
out  of  work,  who  applied  for  assistance  in  finding  situations,  averaging  the 
fee  of  private  agencies  at  $2  (which  is  really  under  the  actual  amount),  saved 
at  least  $29,426.  How  important  this  saving  is  to  a man  or  woman  out  of  work 
is  shown  by  the  assertion  that  formerly,  to  meet  the  fee  of  the  private  agency 
it  took  the  last  dollar  many  had,  the  only  money  which  stood  between  them 
and  actual  want.  But  the  most  serious  feature  of  all  was  that  most  of  the 
applicants  were  not  given  the  work  they  so  ardently  longed  for. 

The  10,664  employers  who  were  supplied  with  the  help  they  needed,  figuring 
the  private  agency  fee  at  $1  for  each  worker  furnished,  saved  $10,664.  With 
the  savings  of  the  unemployed  added,  the  total  amount  saved  to  both  forces  by 
the  State  Free  Employment  Bureaus  in  the  last  fiscal  year  was  $40,090.  To 
run  this  Department,  it  costs  the  State  annually  about  $8,500.  The  difference 
in  these  two  sets  of  figures  and  the  other  good  accomplished  supply  a basis 
for  a study  in  economy. 

Serious  Proposition  for  Wage-earning  Women. 

The  subject  of  women,  who  are  anxious  to  work  in  the  positions  that 
The  State  Free  Employment  Bureau  can  generally  place  them,  being  out  of 
employments,  is  a very  important  and  serious  one.  As  a rule  those  who  are 
educated  and  intelligent,  and  are  agile  enough  to  work  as  stenographers, 
saleswomen,  telegraph  operators,  office  helpers,  copyists,  milliners,  dress- 
makers, trained  nurses,  governesses,  companions,  private  secretaries,  amanu- 
ensises,  teachers  and  in  various  professional  capacities,  do  not  apply  and  reg- 
ister their  wants.  Most  such  have  homes  and  relatives  and  friends  and  can 
be  idle  for  an  indefinite  length  of  time  and  not  suffer  seriously  from  it.  But 
the  portion  of  the  sex  who  work  as  cooks,  laundresses,  servants,  waitresses, 
chambermaids,  kitchen  helpers,  washerwomen,  scrub  women,  and  in  other 
similar  menial  vocations,  must  be  given  employment  as  quickly  as  possible 
ere  they  reach  the  stage  of  want  and  grow  desperate.  There  are  exceptions 
to  this  latter  statement,  as  there  are  some  manual  working  women  who  man- 
age to  save  money.  And  others  have  relatives  kind  enough  to  shelter  and 
feed  them  when  out  of  employment. 

Contrary  to  expectations,  888  women  who  enlisted  the  services  of  the 


204 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


State  Employment  Bureaus  to  find  position,  asked  for  places  as  domestic,  or 
in  menial  service  of  some  hotel  or  restaurant,  while  only  eight  requested  that 
they  be  placed  as  salesladies.  Of  this  large  unaspiring  army  707  were  at  once 
given  employment.  In  addition,  63  out  of  100,  who  gave  their  occupations  as 
cooks,  were  provided  with  such  situations.  Two  young  women  wanted  work 
as  grocery  clerks,  but  only  one  could  be  given  such  employment.  Applicants 
for  the  position  of  dairymaid,  the  occupation  which  has  been  surrounded  with 
so  much  romance  by  springtime  poets,  numbered  only  three,  and  two  were 
given  work.  Four  dairymen  applied  for  women  helpers,  but  two  had  to  secure 
them  elsewhere,  as  none  of  the  women,  waiting  for  positions,  could  be  per- 
suaded to  try  themselves  in  this  capacity.  There  were  seven  women  anxious  to 
serve  as  lady’s  maid,  and  six  found  what  they  had  asked  for.  In  all,  eight 
women  applied  for  such  help,  but  two  could  not  be  supplied  because  no  ap- 
plications for  such  situations  were  on  file  at  the  time.  Sixty-one  women  and 
girls,  over  16,  were  anxious  to  work  as  office  helpers,  but  only  thirteen  could 
be  taken  care  of.  There  were  26  damsels  ready  to  “pound  out  copy”  for  any- 
one who  cared  to  dictate  to  them  and  pay  for  this  privilege.  All  but  three  went 
away  disappointed;  business  houses  needing  stenographers  generally  get  them 
direct  from  some  business  college.  An  even  130  waitresses  out  of  employment 
registered  and  98  found  such  work.  In  all,  181  restaurant  and  hotel  men  ap- 
plied for  this  class  of  help,  but  it  could  not  be  furnished  to  all  at  the  moment 
of  application. 

For  men  and  boys  the  tale  of  what  was  done  for  them  in  the  way  of  find- 
ing work,  is  best  told  in  the  following  statistical  compilation  which  covers 
the  fiscal  year  closing  October  1,  1910:  A.  T.  E. 


REPORT  OF  STATE  FREE  EMPLOYMENT  DEPART-  ( ST.  LOUIS  BUREAU, 
MENT  FOR  THE  FISCAL  YEAR  ENDING  KANSAS  CITY  ” 

SEPTEMBER  30,  1910.  ( ST.  JOSEPH 


Occupation. 

Males. 

Females. 

Applications  for 
employment  . . 

No.  filled 

No.  unfilled 

Applications  for 
help 

No.  filled 

No.  unfilled 1 

Applications  for 
employment.  . 

No.  filled 

No.  unfilled 

Applications  for 
help 

No.  filled 

No.  unfilled 

Bakers 

40 

19 

21 

26 

11 

15 

h ! i 

1 

Barbers 

() 

2 

2 

i 

Bartenders  and  Brewers 

10 

1 

ll 

Blacksmiths 

25 

9 

26 

17 

9 

8 

Bricklayers 

Boys 

171 

113 

15 

58 

244 

169 

75 

Butchers 

43 

28 

18 

13 

5 

Carpenters 

184 

92 

92 

168 

92 

76 

Coachmen 

23 

21 

2 

25 

21 

4 

:::::: 



Collectors 

15 

10 

6 

.5 

1 





Cooks 

324 

185 

139 

218 

168 

50 

100 

63 

37 

171 

63 

108 

Copyists 

Cigarmakers 

Dairymen 

70 

53 

17 

113 

62 

51 

3 

2 

1 

4 

2 

2 

Druggists 

4 

4 

Engineers  and  firemen 

201 

60 

141 

74 

60 

14 

Electrical  workers 

40 

9 

31 

10 

9 

1 

Farm  help 

1,002 

761 

241 

981 

759 

222 

65 

29 

36 

51 

29 

22 

Factory  help 

802 

207 

555 

177 

158 

19 

47! 

28 

19 

99 

25 

74 

( Hardeners 

76 

55 

30 

21 

77 

62 

15 

Grocery  clerks 

89 

59 

15 

12 

3 

2 

1 

i 

1 

1 

Hotel  and  restaurant  help  . 

968  818 

150 

1,191 

882 

309 

426 

351 

75 

684 

355 

309 

Housework 

187 

153 

34 

151 

144 

7 

462 

356 

106 

902 

350 

472 

Horseshoers 

1 

1 

Harvest  hands 

1 1,437 

! I,3i6 

1 121 

2,026 

i , 3i6! 

710 

Stale  Free  Employment  Department , 1910. 


205 


REPORT  OF  STATE  FREE  EMPLOYMENT  DEPARTMENT,  1910— Continued. 


Occupation. 

Males. 

Females. 

Applications  for 
employment  . . 

No.  filled 

No.  unfilled 

Applications  for 
help 

No.  filled 

No.  unfilled 

Applications  for 
employment  . . 

No.  filled 

No.  unfilled 

Applications  for 
help 

No.  unfilled 

No.  filled.  . !.  . . 

Janitors,  porters  and  watch- 

1 

457 

276 

181 

342 

274 

68 

1 

1 

1 

1 

Laborers,  inside  and  ordi- 



nary 

5,268 

4,298 

970 

5,552 

4,515 

1,037 

2 

2 

1 

1 

22 

16 

6 

24 

. i<3 

8 

Ladies’ "maids 

7 

6 

1 

8 

6 

Mechanics 



123 

46 

77 

39 

14 

25 

Milliners  

1 

1 

1 

1 

Moulders  (iron  and  brass).. 

Miners 

32 

3 

29 

75 

75 

Nurses 

3 

3 

34 

15 

19 

25 

15 

10 

Office  help 

124 

24 

100 

4 

4 

61 

13 

48 

22 

13 

9 

Painters  and  paperliangers 

83 

23 

60 

24 

18 

6 

Printing  trades 

7 

1 

6 

4 

1 

3 

Plumbers 

11 

4 

7 

5 

4 

1 

Planing  and  saw  mills 

Professional  

1 

1 

Private  place 

261 

150 

111 

161 

134 

27 

23 

13 

10 

25 

16 

9 

Quarrymen 

3 

3 

28 

3 

25 

Railway  employes 

51 

49 

2 

62 

49 

13 

Sales  people  and  solicitors  . 

45 

25 

20 

67 

25 

42 

8 

3 

5 

15 

3 

12 

Seamstresses. . . . 

3 

3 

5 

3 

2 

Street  car  employes  . . 

1 

1 

1 

1 

Stenographers 

14 

2 

12 

2 

2 

26 

3 

23 

4 

3 

1 

Stone  masons  and  cutters. . 

2 

2 

Shoemakers 

7 

1 



6 

S i 

Special 

549 

426 

123 

449 

370 

79 

35 

16 

19 

53 

18 

35 

Tailors 

7 

7 

Teachers 

Telegraph  operators 

1 

1 

Teamsters 

331 

233 

98 

25i 

222 

29 

Tie  makers 

Waitresses  and  waiters .... 

43 

28 

15 

28 

21 

7 

130 

98 

32 

isi 

98 

83 

Washerwomen 

4 

43 

33 

10 

57 

33 

24 

Totals 

13,214 

1 

9,614 

3,600 

12,642 

| 9,614 

3,028 

1,499 

1,050 

449 

2,334 

1,050 

1,284 

STATE  FREE  EMPLOYMENT  BUREAU,  813%  CHESTNUT  STREET. 

St.  Louis,  Mo.,  October  1,  1910. 

Hon.  J.  C.  A.  Hiller,  Commissioner  Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics,  St.  Louis: 

Dear  Sir — In  submitting  my  annual  report  for  the  year  ending  September 
30th,  1910,  I beg  leave  to  call  your  attention  to  the  fact  that  the  business  of  thin 
office  and  its  usefulness  to  the  people  who  patronize  it  has  materially  increased 
over  the  preceding  fiscal  year.  The  total  number  of  applications  for  employment 
were  7,603,  while  only  5,145  persons  applied  for  a like  purpose  in  the  preceding 
fiscal  period.  Of  those  applying  for  situations  4,985  were  furnished  employment 
during  the  year  here  reported  for,  while  during  the  previous  fiscal  period  only 
2,161  persons  were  placed  in  like  manner,  showing  an  increase  of  2,824  positions 
found  for  the  unemployed  among  our  people. 

The  prospect  for  an  increase  in  the  volume  of  our  business  and  the  usefulness 
of  this  bureau  to  employers  of  hired  help  and  to  those  seeking  work  is  excellent. 

If  this  office  was  authorized  to  advertise  freely  in  the  newspapers  of  this  city 
and  an  adequate  sum  appropriated  for  that  purpose,  I am  confident  the  number 
of  employers  and  employes  patronizing  this  office  could  be  more  than  doubled. 
Even  as  it  is  this  Bureau  has  been  a great  boon  to  a large  class  of  our  working- 
people  who  need  the  kindly  aid  of  the  State  in  finding  employment  for  them 
when  all  other  attempts  to  obtain  work  elsewhere  has  failed  them  and  they  no  longer 
possess  ability  to  raise  the  necessary  fee  charged  by  private  employment  agencies. 

Very  respectfully, 

JOHN  S.  WHITE, 

Superintendent. 


206 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics,  1910. 


REPORT  OF  ST.  LOUIS  FREE  EMPLOYMENT  BUREAU  FOR  FISCAL  YEAR 
ENDING  SEPTEMBER  30,  1910. 

JOHN  S.  WHITE,  Superintendent. 


Males. 

Females. 

>\ 

3 

Jzj 

> 

2! 

as 

► 

52! 

> 

52! 

Occupation. 

o 

o 

w.'O 

o 

o 

3 O E3 
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o 

o 

i-bO 

o 

o 

3 o’o  1 

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i-i  ts 

2 

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2 

e 

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c 

3-^2 

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Q. 

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t3> 

CD 

o 

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5.  ® £ 
r3£ 

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ST 

Q. 

£3 

2 

ft>  <r+- 

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o' 

O. 

£3 

2 

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P. 

• P 

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• o?t 

s* 

Pj 

• p 

o. 

• CG 

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Bakers 

34 

15 

19 

17 

7 

10 

1 

9 

9 

Bartenders  and  brewers . . . 

10 

10 

1 

1 

33 

9 

24 

13 

9 

4 

Boys  . " 

35 

26 

9 

123 

82 

41 

23 

4 

19 

2 

1 

Carpenters  

136 

54 

82 

99 

54 

45 

Coachmen 

Collectors  



218 

121 

97 

120 

104 

16 

40 

20 

20 

53 

20 

c3 

25 

16 

9 

55 

25 

20 

1 

1 

Druggists 

3 

3 

Engineers  and  firemen 

178 

56 

122 

63 

56 

7 

Electrical  workers 

39 

9 

30 

9 

9 

Farm  help  . . 

124 

64 

60 

91 

62 

29 

2 

2 

Factory  help 

835 

288 

547 

149 

139 

10 

28 

18 

10 

84 

15 

69 

Gardeners 

50 

33 

17 

49 

40 

9 

Grocery  clerks  

68 

23 

45 

7 

5 

2 

1 

1 

Hotel  and  restaurant  help  . 

702 

592 

110 

904 

656 

248 

213 

198 

15 

386 

202 

184 

Housework 

187 

153 

34 

151 

144 

7 

92 

80 

12 

170 

74 

96 

Horseshoers 

1 

1 



Harvest  hands 

Janitors,  porters  and  watch- 

| 

men 

277 

196 

81 

246 

194 

52 

1 

1 

Laborers,  inside  and  ordi- 

nary   

3,075 

1 

2,379 

696 

3,200 

j 2,596 

604 

Laundry  workers 

1 

1 

1 

2 

2 

Ladies’  maids 

| 

Mechanics 

95 

38 

57 

8 

6 

2 

Milliners 

Moulders  (iron  and  brass) . 

M iners 

32 

3 

29 

Nurses 

3 

3 

6 

2 

4 

3 

2 

1 

Office  help  

56 

20 

36 

7. 

7 

Painters  and  paperhangers . 
Printing  trades  

66 

8 

58 

4 

3 

1. . 

6 

6 

Plumbers  

6 

6 

Planing  and  saw  mills  .... 



Professional 



Private  place 

156 

73 

83 

62 

57 

5 

12 

7 

5 

13 

10 

3 

Quarrymen 

Railway  employes 

Sales  people  and  solicitors . 
Seamstresses . 

15 

1 

14 

1 

1 



1 

1 

2 

2 

Street  car  employes  

Stenographers 

3 

3 

1 

1 

Stone  masons  and  cutters 

Shoemakers 

5 

5 

Special 

409 

306 

103 

281 

250 

31 

27 

11 

16 

44 

13 

31 

Tailors 

4 

4 

Teachers 

Telegraph  npe.rat.rvrs 

1 

1 

Teamsters 

190 

118 

72 

111 

107 

4 

Tie  makers 

Waitresses  and  waiters .... 

26 

14 

12 

7 

7 

16 

14 

2 

18 

14 

4 

Washerwomen  . 

4 

4 

20 

16 

4 

27 

16 

11 



1 

Totals 

7,136 

4,619 

2,517 

5,779 

4,619 

1,160 

1 

467 

366 1 

101 

804 

366 

438 

1 

State  Free  Employment  Department,  1910. 


207 


STATE  FREE  EMPLOYMENT  BUREAU,  WATER  WOltKS  BUILDING,  SIXTH 

AND  WALNUT  STREETS. 

Kansas  City,  Mo.,  September  30,  1910. 

Hon.  J.  C.  A.  Hiller,  Commissioner  Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics,  St.  Louis,  Mo.: 

Dear  Sir — I have  the  honor  to  submit  herewith  the  annual  report  of  business 
transacted  by  the  Free  Employment  Bureau  of  Kansas  City,  during  the  year 
ending  September  30,  1910. 

You  will  note  my  report  for  this  year  compared  with  the  previous  year  shows 
85  less  applications  for  employment,  while  the  number  of  positions  filled  shows 
an  increase  of  83.  The  only  reason  I can  give  for  fewer  applications  for  employ- 
ment is  that  we  were  obliged  to  move  our  office  during  the  busy  part  of  the  year 
on  account  of  our  lease  expiring  and  the  refusal  of  the  landlord  to  renew  it. 
I think,  however,  that  the  location  and  arrangement  we  now  have  are  better  than 
any  other  since  this  office  has  been  in  existence.  This  arrangement  was  made  by 
the  Commissioner  of  Labor,  the  Secretary  of  the  Board  of  Public  Welfare  of 
Kansas  City  and  the  State  Factory  Inspector. 

The  office  of  the  State  Free  Employment  Bureau,  the  Board  of  Public  Welfare 
and  the  Factory  Inspector’s  office  are  now  all  in  the  same  building  and  on  th;e 
ground  floor,  which  arrangement,  I believe,  will  result  in  material  benefit  not 
only  to  the  offices  above  mentioned,  but  to  the  public  as  well. 

Under  applications  for  help  you  will  note  that  we  received  525  more  calls  for 
male  help  than  the  year  before,  which  indicates  that  those  wanting  help  appreci- 
ate the  usefulness  of  this  office.  In  the  line  of  female  help  we  received  102  more 
applications  for  help  and  secured  jobs  for  124  more  than  we  did  the  year  before. 

The  advertising  we  received  in  the  Red  Book,  Surplus  Products  Pamphlets 
and  maps  issued  by  the  Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics  during  the  year  has  been  of 
great  value  to  the  Free  Employment  Department,  as  it  brings  this  office  to  the 
attention  of  the  employers  of  various  kinds  of  help.  If  some  arrangement  could 
be  made  whereby  we  could  advertise  in  the  daily  papers  for  the  class  of  help  we 
have  calls  for,  at  the  time  we  receive  the  orders,  it  would  make  a material  dif- 
ference in  our  showing  at-  the  end  of  the  year,  and  we  could  increase  the  usefulness 
of  our  office  for  those  out  of  employment  who  do  not  always  know  where  to  find 
us.  I presume,  in  order  to  carry  out  this  plan,  it  will  be  necessary  to  have  an 
increased  appropriation  for  our  Department. 

Respectfully, 

K.  F.  SCHWEIZ ER, 

Superintendent. 


REPORT  OF  KANSAS  CITY  FREE  EMPLOYMENT  BUREAU  FOR  FISCAL 
YEAR  ENDING  SEPTEMBER  30,  1910. 

K.  F.  SCHWEIZER,  Superintendent. 


Occupation. 

Males. 

Females. 

Applications 
for  employ- 
ment   

No.  filled. . . . 

No.  unfilled. . 

Applications 
for  help .... 

No.  filled.  . . . 

No.  unfilled.. 

Applications 
for  employ- 
ment  

No.  filled. . . . 

No.  unfilled. . 

Applications 
for  help. . . . 

No.  filled. . . 

No.  unfilled. . 

Bakers 

1 

1 

2 

2 

Barbers 

Bartenders  and  brewers . . 

Blacksmiths 

• 4 

4 

Bricklayers 

Boys 

54 

26 

28 

45 

26 

19 

Butchers 

2 

2 

Carpenters  

10 

7 

3 

10 

7 

3 

Coachmen 

1 

1 

1 

1 

Collectors 

208 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


REPORT  OF  KANSAS  CITY  FREE  EMPLOYMENT  BUREAU— Continued. 


Occupation. 

Males. 

Females. 

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24 

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23 

22 

22 

13 

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52 

13 

39 

Copyists 

Cigarmakers 

Dairymen 

17 

13 

4 

30 

13 

17 

3 

2 

1 

3 

2 

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Druggists 

Engineers  and  firemen 

16 

4 

12 

10 

4 

6 

Electrical  workers . ... 

Farm  help 

298 

200 

98 

265 

200 

65 

65 

29 

36 

49 

29 

20 

Factory  help 

23 

19 

4 

28 

19 

9 

16 

10 

6 

15 

10 

5 

Gardeners 

3 

1 

2 

C 

2 

Grocery  clerks 

3 

3 

Hotel  and  restaurant  help  . 

90 

65 

25 

108 

65 

43 

101 

60 

41 

157 

60 

97 

Housework 

211 

160 

51 

464 

160 

304 

Horseshoers 

Harvest  hands 

1,210 

1,210 

1,910 

1,210 

700 

Janitors,  porters  and  watch- 

men   

89 

25 

64 

36 

25 

11 

1 

1 

Laborers,  inside  and  ordi- 

nary   

894 

716 

178 

928 

716 

212 

Laundry  workers 

1 

1 

2 

2 

3 

3 

Ladies’  maids 

Mechanics 

11 

1 

10 

23 

22 

Milliners 

Moulders  (iron  and  brass) . 

Miners 

75 

75 

Nurses 

6 

1 

5 

7 

1 

6 

Office  help 

41 

41 

34 

9 

25 

17 

9 

8 

Painters  and  paperhangers . 

2 

2 

6 

2 

4 

Printing  trades  . 

1 

1 

4 

1 

3 

Plumbers  . . 

Planing  and  saw  mills 

Professional  

Private  place 

39 

21 

18 

36 

21 

15 

8 

3 

5 

8 

3 

5 

Quarrymen 

2 

2 

27 

2 

25 

Railway  employes . . . 

Sale  people  and  solicitors.. 

13 

9 

4 

36 

9 

27 

1 

1 

8 

1 

7 

Seamstresses 

3 

3 

4 

3 

1 

Street  car  employes 

Stenographers 

3 

3 

12 

1 

11 

2 

1 

1 

Stone  masons  and  cutters . 

Shoemakers 

Special 

37 

27 

10 

67 

27 

40 

6 

4 

2 

7 

4 

3 

Tailors .... 

1 

1 

Teachers . . 

Teleeraph  operators 

Teamsters 

42 

31 

"’ll 

47 

31 

16 

Tie  makers 

Waitresses  and  waiters.  . . . 

3 

2 

1 

4 

2 

2 

23 

13 

10 

54 

13 

41 

Washerwomen 

17 

11 

6 

21 

11 

10 

Totals 

2,954 

2,406 

548 

3,751 

2,406 

1,345 

530 

320 

210 

872 

320 

552 

STATE  FREE  EMPLOYMENT  BUREAU,  4131,6  FELIX  STREET. 

St.  Joseph,  Mo.,  October  1,  1910. 

Hon.  J.  C.  A.  Hiller,  Commissioner  Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics,  St.  Louis,  Mo.: 

Dear  Sir — I have  the  honor  to  herewith  submit  the  annual  report  of  the  State 
Free  Employment  Bureau  at  St.  Joseph. 

The  figures  in  the  report  speak  for  themselves.  By  comparison  with  the 
last  year  reported  for  it  will  be  found  that  the  usefulness  of  this  branch  of  our 
office  was  still  further  increased  both  to  employers  and  those  seeking  employment. 
The  prospects  are  good  for  a still  greater  enlargement  not  only  of  the  number  of 
people  taking  advantage  of  the  aid  given  by  this  office,  but  of  the  area  of  terri- 
tory from  which  recjuests  for  hired  help  come  and  to  which  those  seeking  em- 
ployment are  sent. 

Very  respectfully, 

C.  O.  CORNELIUS, 

Superintendent. 


State  Free  Employment  Department,  1910. 


209 


REPORT  OF  ST.  JOSEPH  FREE  EMPLOYMENT  BUREAU  FOR  FISCAL  YEAR 
ENDING  SEPTEMBER  30,  1910. 

C.  O.  CORNELIUS,  Superintendent. 


# 

Occupation. 

Males. 

Females. 

Applications  for 

employment . . 

No.  filled 

No.  unfilled 

Applications  for 

help 

No.  filled 

No.  unfilled 

Applications  for 
employment.  . 

No.  filled 

No.  unfilled 

Applications  for 
help 

No.  filled 

I No.  unfilled 

Bakers 

5 

4 

1 

7 

2 

4 

3 

2 

Bartenders  and  brewers .... 

Blacksmiths 

2 

2 

Bricklayers 

Bovs. . * 

82 

18 

38 

22 

15 

59 

61 

11 

31 

20 

5 

41 

21 

7 

7 

2 

10 

18 

76 

15 

59 

23 

6 

53 

61 

11 

31 

20 

5 

41 

15 

4 

28 

3 

1 

12 

Butchers 

* 

Carpenters 

Coachmen 

Collectors 

Cooks 

38 

30 

8 

66 

30 

36 

Copyists 

Cigarmakers 

Dairymen 

28 

1 

7 

1 

580 

4 

23 

18 

176 

24 

4 

1 

7 

1 

83 

4 

2 

11 

15 

28 

24 

4 

Druggists  

Engineers  and  firemen .... 
Electrical  workers 

1 

1 

625 

1 

1 

128 

Farm  help 

497 

497 

Factory  help  . . 

3 

3 

Gardeners 

21 

7 

161 

25 

8 

179 

21 

7 

161 

4 

1 

18 

Grocery  clerks 

1 

112 

159 

1 

93 

116 

i 

141 

268 

1 

93 

116 

Hotel  and  restaurant  help  . 
Housework 

i9 

43 

48 

152 

Horseshoers  

Harvest  hands 

227 

91 

1,299 

106 

55 

1,203 

121 

36 

96 

116 

60 

1,424 

106 

55 

1,203 

io 

5 

221 

Janitors,  porters  and  watch- 
men   

Laborers,  inside  and  ordi- 
nary   

Laundry  workers 

18 

7 

16 

6 

2 

1 

21 

8 

16 

6 

5 

2 

Ladies’  maids 

Mechanics 

i7 

7 

10 

8 

7 

1 

Milliners 

1 

1 

1 

1 

Moulders,  (iron  and  brass) . 

Miners 

Nurses 

22 

20 

12 

4 

10 

16 

15 

5 

12 

4 

3 

1 

Office  help 

Painters  and  paperhangers . 
Printing  trades  

27 

15 

4 

13 

23 

2 

4 

14 

4 

13 

1 

Plumbers  

5 

4 

1 

5 

4 

1 

Planing  and  saw  mills 

Professional  

1 

4 

1 

1 

Private  place  

66 

1 

51 

17 

56 

1 

49 

15 

10 

63 

1 

62 

30 

56 

l 

49 

15 

7 

3 

3 

3 

Quarrymen 

Railway  employes  

2 

2 

1 13 

15 

Sales  people  and  solicitors . 
Seamstresses 

6 

2 

4 

5 

2 

3 

Street  car  employes  

1 

8 

1 

2 

2 

2 

1 

101 

1 

2 

Stenographers 

6 

13 

2 

11 

2 

2 

Stone  masons  and  cutters. . 

2 

Shoemakers 

2 

103 

2 

: 1 

: 93 

1 

! 10 
2 

1 

93 

Special 

1 8 

2 

1 

1 

2 

1 

Tailors 

Teachers 

Telegraph  operators 

Teamsters 

99 

1 84 

15 

93 

! 84 

l 9 

i 

Tie  makers 

Waitresses  and  waiters 
Washerwomen 

14 

[ ‘ 12 

! 2 

! 17 

12 

! 5 

i 91 

6 

71 

i 6 

20 

10S 

9 

i 71 

i 6 

38 

3 

Totals 

3,124 

i 2,585 

I 535 

i 3,112 

! 2,585 

) 523 

1 502 

! 364 

138 

658 

1 364 

293 

O L— 14 


210 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics,  1910. 


TO  EXTEND  THE  STATE  FREE  EMPLOYMENT  DEPARTMENT. 

If  the  law  governing  the  establishment  of  free  employment 
Other  Missouri  bureaus  was  so  changed  that  branches  could  be  opened 
Cities  Need  in  Cape  Girardeau,  Sedalia,  Springfield,  Hannibal  and  Joplin, 
This  Service.  good  work  could  be  done  in  these  cities  along  the  lines  this 
Department  covers.  The  official  placed*  in  charge  of  each 
such  new  branch  could  also  assist  in  collecting  statistical  information,  and 
would  earn  his  salary  by  the  Department  saving  what  it  now  costs  to 
send  special  agents  into  these  cities  annually  to  gather  the  data  the  Depart- 
ment needs  for  its  yearly  report.  It  would  mean  only  $100  per  month  for  each 
new  bureau,  which  would  pay  the  salary  of  the  superintendent,  office  rent  and 
other  expenses. 


MORE  WORK  NEEDED. 

The  following  extract  from  a newspaper  bulletin  issued  by  the  Bureau  of 
Labor  Statistics  in  the  spring  of  1910,  to  call  general  attention  to  the  useful- 
ness of  the  State  Free  Employment  Bureau,  was  widely  published  in  Missouri 
newspapers.  The  original  article  contained  a review  of  the  work  of  1909  of 
the  Department: 


GIVE  THE  IDLE  EMPLOYMENT. 

“Work  must  be  found  for  the  unem- 
ployed men  and  women  of  this  country. 
Each  and  everyone  willing  to  toil  is  en- 
titled to  a chance  to  earn  a living,  and 
at  wages  which  will  supply  all  necessities 
of  life  to  them  and  their  families.  The 
employment  ought  to  be  of  the  kind 
which  will  last  all  the  year  through.  It 
is  the  sacred  duty  of  those  who  are  blessed 
with  more  than  their  share  of  the  goods 
of  life  to  devote  their  spare  time  and 
energy  devising  means  and  using  their  sur- 
plus capital  toward  creating  constant 
employment  for  their  less  fortunate  broth- 
ers and  sisters. 

DUTY  OF  THE  WEALTHY. 

“Live,  but  let  live,”  could  be  added  to 
five  or  six  other  suitable,  conscience 
soothing  axioms,  to  be  constantly  kept  in 
the  mind’s  eye  and  which,  if  carried  out 
to  the  letter  daily,  would  make  indiges- 
tion and  insomnia  disappear  from  the 
home  of  many  a millionaire. 

In  this  tone  runs  an  appeal  of  the 
Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics  to  well-to-do 
humanity  to  give  more  attention  toward 
supplying  work  to  the  unemployed  of  Mis- 
souri. 

“With  the  land  full  of  idle  but  willing 
hands  and  the  country  full  of  resources 
and  wealth,  there  is  no  reason  why  there 
should  not  be  work  for  all  who  need  and 
are  anxious  to  have  it.  Wealthy  men 


and  women  with  plenty  of  unoccupied 
time  on  their  hands,  could  use  their  money 
and  spare  moments  to  no  better  advan- 
tage than  to  plan  how  to  create  work  for 
those  who  want  it  and  are  willing  to 
toil  hard  and  long  for  a living.  In  this 
vast  country  of  ours  there  is  never  a 
time,  no  matter  how  much  prosperity 
prevails,  when  thousands  are  not  out  of 
employment — thousands  of  men  and  women 
who  are  honest,  conscientious  and  faith- 
ful, and  who  would  willingly  show  their 
gratitude  in  all  ways  for  being  given  an 
opportunity  to  live. 

EMPLOYMENT  COMMISSIONS. 

“Crime,  anyhow  the  part  brought  on 
by  desperation,  following  cold  and  starva- 
tion, would  be  greatly  reduced  by  giving 
work  to  those  who  want  it,  and  the  cause 
of  civilization  would  make  progress. 
Every  city  and  town  in  the  country  ought 
to  have  a commission  made  up  of  its 
wealthy  men  and  women,  its  manufac- 
turers and  other  employers,  who  would 
make  it  a constant  and  solemn  duty  to 
supply  work  to  all  unemployed  men  and 
women  in  their  midst. 

“For  the  larger  cities  of  Missouri,  such 
as  St.  Louis,  Kansas  City  and  St.  Jos- 
eph, such  commissions  would  be  put  in 
touch  with  the  unemployed  by  the  State 
Free  Employment  Bureaus.  Then  there 
would  be  little  need  for  charitable  organi- 
zations. Give  working  men  constant  em- 
ployment and  they  will  create  work  for 


MR.  W.  J.  JONES, 

President  of  St.  Joseph's  Central  Labor  Council. 


State  Free  Employment  Department,  1910. 


211 


cost  of  living  because  it  takes  all  they 
earn  to  live.  Give  all  men  work  and 
adequate  wages  and  the  question  of  child 
and  women  labor  will  solve  themselves  by 
nearly  disappearing. — A.  T.  E.” 

•_  [ 

FARMERS  SUPPLIED  WITH  HELP. 

Just  before  the  harvest  of  1910  the  Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics  issued  a 
newspaper  bulletin  calling  attention  to  the  fact  that  the  State  Free  Employ- 
ment Department  would  endeavor  to  place  Missouri’s  farmers  in  communica- 
tion with  men  and  women,  who  would  accept  situations  on  farms.  This  ar- 
ticle was  published  all  over  the  State  and  did  much  good  along  these  lines. 
The  offer  always  remains  open. 


others  by  purchasing  more  necessities  of 
life,  such  as  food,  fuel,  clothing,  boots 
and  shoes,  house  furnishings  and  similar 
commodities.  Wage  earners  keep  their 
money  in  circulation  in  this  day  of  high 


CALL  OF  THE  FARM 


Labor  Commissioner  J.  C.  A.  Hiller  Will 
Secure  Positions. 


Poor  People  of  Overcrowded  Cities  Are  Ad- 
vised to  Work  for  Farmers — Good 
Pay  Is  Offered. 

The  call  from  the  farm  for  help  will 
be  given  special  attention  by  the  State 
Free  Employment  Bureaus  of  St.  Louis, 
Kansas  City  and  St.  Joseph,  if  the  farm- 
ers of  Missouri  will  only  do  their  part 
by  promptly  notifying  Labor  Commis- 
sioner J.  C.  A.  Hiller,  when  in  need  of  a 
man  or  woman,  with  full  particulars 
about  the  monthly  pay  and  other  facts. 

In  St.  Louis,  Kansas  City,  St.  Joseph, 
Springfield,  Joplin,  Sedalia  and  other  large 
cities  there  are  always  more  or  less  men 
and  women  out  of  employment  who 
would  gladly  accept  positions  paying  from 
$20  to  $40  a month  with  good  room  and 
board  and  reasonable  hours,  and  would 
flock  to  farms  offering  such  employment, 
if  they  could  only  be  put  in  touch  with 
farmers  needing  their  services. 

Labor  Commissioner  Hiller  has  long 
been  of  the  opinion  that  the  Free  Employ- 
ment Department,  which  is  maintained 
by  the  State  of  Missouri,  with  offices  in 
the  cities  mentioned,  is  intended  as  much 
for  the  use  of  farmers  and  other  .citizens 
of  the  agricultural  regions  as  it  is  for 
the  inhabitants  of  St.  Louis,  Kansas  City 
and  St.  Joseph,  and  has  long  invited  their 
co-operation  in  giving  employment  to  men 
and  women  who  want  to  lead  active  and 
healthy  out-door  lives,  and  be  in  close 
touch  with  nature  by  working  on  farms. 

FAT  OF  THE  LAND. 

The  Free  Employment  Department  of 
the  Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics  devotes 
all  of  its  time  to  the  unemployed  of  the 
cities  and  towns,  and  advises  all  such  to 
go  to  the  rural  sections  to  work  on  farms 


and  lead  lives  free  of  care,  with  a com- 
fortable four  or  five-room  cottage  to  live 
in  and  the  fat  of  the  land  to  select  from 
for  the  daily  menu.  There  is  painted  a 
vivid  picture  of  the  difference  for  a man 
and  his  wife  between  life  on  a farm  with- 
out a necessary  want  as  compared  with  a 
hard  existence  in  two  or  three  small, 
close,  hot,  unsanitary  rooms  in  a crowded 
tenement  of  a dusty,  illsmelling,  stifling 
section  of  a city  with  work  only  half  the 
year  around  and  wages  averaging  about 
$7  a week,  out  of  which  the  rent  must 
be  met  and  food,  fuel  and  clothing  bought, 
and  carfare  paid. 

An  industrious  man  and  his  wife  can 
always  find  employment  on  an  average 
size  farm  at  $40  a month,  a three  or  four- 
room  house  and  plenty  of  food  and  fuel 
being  thrown  in  to  make  the  earnings 
reach  further.  In  a city  such  a living 
would  cost  $50  alone,  and  at  that  the 
food  would  not  be  as  good,  fresh,  whole- 
some and  plentiful ; with  the  further  con- 
stant fear  that  the  first  severe  cold  spell 
will  use  up  all  the  fuel  and  there  would 
be  suffering  from  the  cold  ahead. 

“back  to  the  farm.” 

“Back  to  the  farm”  is  the  thing  for 
the  willing  but  unfortunate  man  in  the 
city  with  a family,  who  is  out  of  work 
half  the  time  and  has  earnings  which 
average  less  than  $60  a month.  It  is 
seldom  that  objections  are  offered  to  chil- 
dren by  a farmer  in  need  of  good  help, 
and  on  the  farm  they  grow  up  large, 
and  strong  and  healthy  with  little  fear 
that  the  diseases  the  poor  of  the  cities 
dread  so  much,  will  lay  them  low.  Every 
such  employe  is  given  the  - free  use  of  a 
small  patch  of  land  to  raise  his  own 
vegetables  on  and  some  get  a cow  and 
chickens.  Of  course  the  woman  is  ex- 
pected to  help  the  wife  of  her  employer 
in  taking  care  of  the  dairy  end  of  the 
farm,  in  the  poultry  house  and  in  pre- 
paring and  serving  meals  to  the  hands, 
but  she  has  plenty  of  time  in  the  after- 


212 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics,  1910. 


noon  and  evenings  for  herself.  In  the 
cities  such  women  often  now  either  go 
out  and  work  by  the  day,  or  take  in 
sewing  or  washing,  and  in  consequence 
seldom  get  enough  time  to  sleep,  much 
more,  time  for  recreation  or  an  oppor- 
tunity to  look  after  their  household  du- 
ties. 

WRITE  TO  HILLER. 

The  1911  Red  Book  will  go  deeper  into 
the  subject,  but  the  above  is  enough  to 
acquaint  the  unemployed  of  the  cities  with 
the  life  and  chances  farm  work  is  offering 


these  days.  Labor  Commissioner  Hiller 
wants  farmers  to  write  him,  when  they 
can  not  easily  get  help  at  home,  and  he 
will  at  once  put  them  in  touch  with  men 
and  women  of  the  cities  who  want  to 
work  on  a farm. 

Meanwhile  all  unemployed  men  and 
women  of  the  cities  and  towns  of  Mis- 
souri, or  anywhere  else,  if  they  want  to 
try  farm  work  should  communicate  with 
Commissioner  J.  C.  A.  Hiller  at  813% 
Chestnut  street,  St.  Louis,  and  he  will  give 
them  the  addresses  of  farmers  needing 
help,  and  all  other  particulars. — A.  T.  E. 


During  the  years  1908,  1909  and  1910,  many  harvest  hands 
Harvest  Hands,  were  furnished  by  the  State  Free  Employment  Department 
to  the  farmers  of  Missouri,  Kansas,  Nebraska  and  Oklahoma. 
This  army,  consisting  of  mechanics  and  professional  men,  temporarily  out  of 
work,  laborers  and  college  students,  did  splendid  work  in  gathering  in  the  large 
crop  of  wheat  and  collecting  and  packing  berries.  Many  worked  all  of  June, 
July  and  August,  moving  slowly  north  with  the  ripening  of  the  crops.  This  same 
service  will  again  be  given  to  farmers  and  the  unemployed  in  the  summer  of 
1911.  College  students  anxious  to  work  during  their  summer  vacation  should 
write  early  to  this  Department,  and  such  will  be  given  full  information  as 
quickly  as  the  “calls”  come  in.  In  South  Missouri  men  and  women  will  be 
wanted  in  May  to  help  gather  berries. 

The  pay  is  good,  and  substantial  meals  and  a clean  and  dry  place  to  sleep 
are  furnished.  Regular  harvest  hands  are  paid  from  $2  to  $3  a day  and  their 
board. 

Employers  in  small  towns  are  cordially  invited  to  make  free  use  of  the 
service  with  no  cost  to  them.  When  in  need  of  help,  write  to  the  nearest 
State  Free  Employment  Bureau: 

St.  Louis — 1 7 North  Tenth  St.,  John  S.  White,  Superintendent. 

Kansas  City — Room  5,  Waterworks  Building,  Sixth  and  Walnut  streets,  K. 
F.  Schweizer,  Superintendent. 

St.  Joseph — 41  zVi  Felix  St.,  C.  O.  Cornelius,  Superintendent. 


PRIVATE  EMPLOYMENT  AGENCIES. 


PROTECTION  FOR  THE  UNEMPLOYED. 


By  an  act  of  the  General  Assembly,  approved  by  the  Governor  on  June 
14,  1909,  the  licensing  and  supervision  of  all  private  employment  offices  or 
agencies  was  placed  in  the  hands  of  the  Commissioner  of  Labor  Statistics. 
Owing  to  the  lack  of  a proper  definition  of  the  terms  “employment  office” 
and  “agency  for  hire,”  much  confusion  has  arisen  in  the  enforcement  of  this 
law  and  many  attempts  at  its  evasion  have  been  made.  Prosecuting  attor- 
neys of  the  different  counties  wherein  these  establishments  are  located  have1 
varied  considerably  in  their  construction  of  the  act,  and  the  Attorney  General 
of  the  State  has  been  called  on  several  times  to  render  opinions  on  points  in 
dispute.  The  purpose  of  the  law  itself  is  a good  one,  but  it  ought  to  be 
amended  in  several  particulars.  It  ought  to  clearly  define  the  nature  of  the 


State  Free  Employment  Department , 1910. 


213 


establishments  to  be  licensed  and  supervised,  so  as  to  prevent  as  much  as 
possible  disputes  over  the  construction  of  the  law  and  lessen  the  chances  of  its 
evasion.  Under  the  cloak  of  so-called  “schools”  for  the  instruction  in  some 
particular  craft,  profession  or  industrial  pursuit,  employment  offices  are  estab- 
lished, either  as  the  main  or  the  side-feature  of  these  institutions.  Co- 
operative societies  are  formed  for  the  pretended  purpose  of  aiding  the  mem- 
bers thereof  in  the  quest  of  employment  or  the  search  for  help,  and  so-called 
benevolent  or  charitable  associations  are  organized  that  furnish  help  or  em- 
ployment free  of  charge,  but  exact  a periodical  contribution  as  dues  or 
membership  fees  from  their  patrons.  Others  contract  with  a number  of 
employers  to  furnish  help  in  emergencies,  such  as  strikes  or  other  abnormal 
industrial  conditions.  The  worst  and  the  most  irresponsible  offender,  how- 
ever, is  the  labor  agent  who  plies  his  vocation  on  the  street  and  who,  under 
the  present  law,  can  not  be  reached  by  the  Commissioner  of  Labor  Statistics. 

It  is  not  fair  to  the  legally  authorized  and  licensed  employment  agencies 
to  let  the  classes  mentioned  compete  with  them  in  their  business  without 
the  payment  of  a license  or  the  supervision  of  the  State. 

Convictions  for  Law  Violators. 

The  law  itself  being  a new  one,  the  Commissioner  has  refrained  from 
prosecutions  wherever  it  was  possible  to  accomplish  the  object  of  the  act 
without  unreasonable  delay.  Most  disputes  in  this  respect  have  been  settled 
in  the  offices  of  the  prosecuting  attorneys  of  the  counties  where  they  arose. 
In  all  fifteen  cases  of  violation  were  tried  in  court,  and  several  were  still 
pending  at  the  close  of  the  fiscal  year,  August  15,  1910.  In  twelve  of  these 
cases  the  defendants  were  convicted. 

The  law  has  resulted  in  much  good  in  the  employment  and  help-furnishing 
line  and  many  thousands  of  dollars  have  been  saved  to  those  who  patronize 
these  agencies.  It  has  served  as  a wholesome  check  to  those  labor  agents 
who  take  advantage  of  the  helpless  condition  and  the  ignorance  of  a large 
number  of  people  who  patronize  these  concerns.  To  the  credit  of  the  major- 
ity of  licensed  employment  agencies  be  it  said  that  they  have  cheerfully  com- 
plied with  the  orders  of  the  Commissioner. 

The  total  number  of  employment  agencies  licensed  during  the  last  fiscal 
year  w&s  68.  Of  these  thirty-six  were  located  in  St.  Louis,  twenty-six  in  Kan- 
sas City,  two  in  St.  Joseph,  three  in  Springfield  and  one  at  Joplin. 

Changes  in  the  Law  Suggested. 

The  time  allowed  these  agencies  to  hold  the  fee  paid  by  the  applicant  for 
employment  should  be  reduced  from  thirty  days  to  three  days  at  the  longest, 
when  it  ought  to  be  refunded  in  all  cases  where  the  agency  has  failed  to  pro- 
cure a position.  The  present  law  works  a great  hardship  on  the  poorer 
classes  of  our  laboring  people,  who  can  not  afford  to  have  their  money  tied 
up  so  long,  or  to  engage  in  a lengthy  chase  for  positions  they  may  not  be 
able  to  get  or  to  fill  in  the  course  of  a month.  The  inspectors  employed 
under  this  act  have  had  much  trouble  in  hunting  down  all  kinds  of  advertised 
schemes  to  separate  from  their  money  the  unwary  among  the  working  classes 
seeking  employment.  Some  of  these  fake  concerns,  operating  either  as  schools 
of  instruction  or  co-operative  associations,  have  located  their  offices  just 
across  the  state  line,  while  they  advertise  their  business  in  the  newspapers  of 
Missouri.  By  co-operation  with  the  Commisioner  of  Labor  of  the  State  of 
Kansas  and  the  East  St.  Louis  branch  of  the  Employment  Bureau  of  the 
State  of  Illinois,  many  of  the  schemes  to  defraud  working  men  and  women 


214  Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 

have  been  thwarted  and  several  fake  concerns  have  been  prosecuted  or  put 
out  of  business. 

The  Commissioner  feels  that  with  the  small  amount  of  funds  available 
for  the  enforcement  of  an  act  indefinite  and  ambiguous  in  its  language  much 
good  has  been  accomplished  and  much  money  saved  to  the  patrons  of  em- 
ployment offices. 

With  a law  more  clearly  defining  the  business  of  those  to  be  licensed 
and  supervised  by  the  State  and  the  adoption  of  amendments  to  the  statute 
shortening  the  time  during  which  employment  must  be  found  for  the  appli- 
cant or  the  application  fee  refunded,  as  well  as  giving  the  Commissioner  the 
power  to  refuse  the  granting  of  a license  to  those  unable  to  establish  for 
themselves  a good  character  or  reputation,  much  more  good  could  be  done 
and  the  standard  of  all  employment  concerns  elevated  to  a higher  grade  of 
reliability  and  usefulness. 

J.  C.  A.  HILLER, 

Commissioner. 


AN  ACT  RELATING  TO  EMPLOYMENT  OFFICES  AND  AGENCIES,  AND  PRO- 
VIDING PENALTIES  FOR  THE  VIOLATION  OF  THIS  ACT. 


Be  it  enacted  by  the  General  Assembly  of 
the  State  of  Missouri,  as  follows : 

Section  1.  No  person,  firm  or  corpora- 
tion in  this  State  shall  open,  operate  or 
maintain  an  employment  office  or  agency 
for  hire,  or  where  a fee  is  charged  to 
either  applicants  for  employment  or  for 
help,  without  first  obtaining  a license  for 
the  same  from  the  State  Commissioner  of 
Labor  Statistics.  Such  license  fee  in  cities 
of  fifty  thousand  population  and  over  shall 
be  fifty  dollars  per  annum,  and  in  all 
cities  containing  less  than  fifty  thousand 
population,  a uniform  fee  of  twenty-five 
dollars  per  annum.  Every  license  shall 
contain  a designation  of  the  city,  street 
and  number  of  the  building  in  which  the 
licensed  party  conducts  said  employment 
agency.  The  license,  together  with  a copy 
of  this  act,  shall  be  posted  in  a conspic- 
uous place  in  each  and  every  employment 
agency.  The  Commissioner  of  Labor 
Statistics  shall  require  with  each  applica- 
tion for  a license  a bond  in  the  penal  sum 
of  five  hundred  dollars  with  one  or  more 
sureties  to  be  approved  by  said  Commis- 
sioner, and  conditioned  that  the  obligors 
will  not  violate  any  of  the  duties,  terms, 
conditions,  provisions  or  requirements  of 
this  act.  The  said  Commissioner  is  au- 
thorized to  commence  action  or  actions  on 
said  bond  or  bonds  in  the  name  of  the 
State  of  Missouri  for  any  violation  of  any 
of  its  conditions,  and  he  may  also  revoke,- 
upon  a full  hearing,  any  license,  when- 
ever, in  his  judgment,  the  party  licensed 
shall  have  violated  any  of  the  provisions 
of  this  act.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  every 
licensed  agency  to  keep  a register  in 
which  shall  be  entered  the  names  and 
addresses  of  every  person  who  shall  make 
application  for  help  or  servants,  and  the 


names  and  nature  of  such  employment 
for  which  such  help  shall  be  wanted. 
Such  register  shall,  at  all  reasonable  hours, 
be  open  to  the  inspection  and  examina- 
tion of  the  Commissioner  of  Labor  Sta- 
tistics and  his  agent,  or  agents,  deputies 
or  assistants.  Where  a registration  fee 
is  charged  for  receiving  or  filing  applica- 
tions for  employment  or  help,  said  fee 
shall,  in  no  case,  exceed  the  sum  of  one 
dollar,  for  which  a receipt  shall  be  given, 
in  which  shall  be  stated  the  name  of  the 
applicant,  the  amount  of  the  fee,  the  date 
and  the  name  or  nature  of  the  work  to  be 
done  or  the  situation  to  be  procured.  In 
case  the  said  applicant  shall  not  obtain 
a situation  or  employment  through  such 
licensed  agency  within  one  month,  after 
registration,  as  aforesaid,  then  said 
licensed  agency  shall  forthwith  repay  and 
return  to  said  applicant,  upon  demand 
being  made  therefor,  the  full  amount  of 
the  fee  paid  or  delivered  by  said  appli- 
cant to  said  licensed  agency.  Any  licensed 
agency  shall  not  publish  or  cause  to  be 
published  any  false  or  fraudulent  notice 
or  advertisement,  or  give  any  false  in- 
formation or  make  any  false  promise 
concerning  or  relating  to  work  or  employ- 
ment to  any  one  who  shall  apply  for  em- 
ployment, and  no  licensed  agency  shall 
make  any  false  entries  in  the  register 
to  be  kept  as  herein  provided.  No  person, 
firm  or  corporation  shall  conduct  the  busi- 
ness of  any  employment  office  or  agency 
in,  or  in  connection  with,  any  place  where 
intoxicating  liquors  are  sold. 

Sec.  2.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  Com- 
missioner of  Labor  Statistics,  or  his  depu- 
ties, agents  or  assistants,  to  enforce  this 
act.  When  informed  of  any  violation,  it 
shall  be  their  duty  to  institute  criminal 
proceedings  for  the  enforcement  of  its 


Convict  Labor  Problem , 1909-10-11. 


215 


penalties  before  any  court  of  competent 
jurisdiction.  Any  person  convicted  of  a 
violation  of  the  provisions  of  this  act 
shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  a misdemeanor, 
and  shall  be  fined  not  less  than  fifty  nor 
more  than  one  hundred  dollars  for  each 
offense,  or  be  imprisoned  in  the  county 
jail  for  a period  not  exceeding  six  months, 
or  both. 

Sec.  3.  All  money  or  moneys  received 
from  fees  and  fines  under  this  act  shall  be 
held  by  said  commissioner  of  labor  statis- 
tics, and  shall  constitute  a fund  for  the 
purpose  of  enforcing  the  provisions  of  this 
act ; and  the  said  commissioner  shall,  at 


the  end  of  each  fiscal  year,  make  an  ac- 
count of  said  fund  and  pay  into  the  State 
treasury  whatever  balance  shall  remain 
after  paying  the  necessary  disbursements 
for  the  purpose  of  enforcing  the  provisions 
of  this  act. 

Sec.  4.  The  free  public  employment  bu- 
reaus organized  and  established,  or  to  be 
organized  and  established  in  this  State  by 
the  commissioner  of  labor  statistics,  or 
charitable  organizations,  shalL  not  be  sub- 
ject to  the  provisions  of  this  act. 

Sec.  5.  All  acts  and  parts  of  acts  in 
conflict  with  this  act  are  hereby  repealed. 
Approved  Jupne  14,  1909. 


STATE  PRISON  SHOPS. 


LEASE  SYSTEM, 
JEFFERSON  CITY. 


COVERING  THE  YEARS  1909-1910. 

The  convict  labor  problem,  the  leasing  out  of  the  labor  of  men  and  women 
confined  in  the  State  penitentiary  in  Jefferson  City,  to  private  contractors, 
who  manufacture  boots,  shoes,  clothing,  harness,  certain  leather  goods,  saddle 
trees  and  two  or  three  other  articles,  which  they  send  to  market  and  there 
place  in  uneven,  and  therefore  unfair,  competition  with  commodities  produced 
by  free,  honest,  higher  paid  and  more  skilled  workers,  remained  unsolved  at 
the  close  of  the  year  1910. 

For  years  organized  workers  of  Missouri  and  owners  of  the  large  boot  and 
shoe  factories,  manufacturers  of  overalls  and  other  similar  clothing  have  la- 
bored hard  to  bring  about  the  passage  of  a law  which  would  do  away  with  the 
present  system  of  leasing  out,  through  contracts,  the  labor  of  all  able-bodied 
convicts,  but  for  various  reasons  their  efforts  have  always  proven  futile. 
During  the  1909  session  the  task  was  closer  to  being  accomplished  than  at  any 
previous  period.  A measure  which  provided  for  a radical  change  of  the  system 
was  defeated  at  the  last  moment  after  the  legislature  had  gone  through  a tedi- 
ous, lengthy  and  otherwise  trying  session.  The  1908  platforms  of  the  leading 
political  divisions  of  the  State  had  promised  reform,  but  the  legislature  ad- 
journed with  the  old  leasing  system  still  in  vogue. 

Planks  in  the  1910  Platforms. 

Organized  labor  and  the  manufacturers  whose  goods  came  in  uneven  and 
unfair  competition  with  prison-made  products,  not  in  the  least  discouraged, 
renewed  the  agitation  against  convict  labor,  and  with  such  success  that  the 
political  denominations  of  Missouri  in  their  platforms  of  1910  went  on  record 
again,  and  this  time  stronger  than  ever,  in  favor  of  the  abolition  of  convict 
leasing  by  contract  to  prison  shop  operators. 

The  year  1911  will  open  with  every  indication  that  the  convict  labor  ques- 
tion will  be  solved  before  summer  sets  in.  Bills  will  be  introduced  early  before 
the  Forty-sixth  Assembly  providing  for  a solution  of  the  problem,  but  they  will 
probably  not  go  into  effect,  as  a whole,  until  the  present  contracts,  which  the  state 
entered  into  a year  ago  with  prison  shop  operators  and  which  still  have  three 


216 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics,  1910. 


years  of  life,  expire.  There  may  be  a provision  in  the  favoted  bill  which  will 
give  the  contractors  the  privilege  of  freeing  themselves  from  their  obligations, 
but  the  chances  are  strongly  against  any  accepting  such  an  offer  because  of 
the  money  they  are  now  making.  There  will  be  a clause  in  the  new  law  pro- 
hibiting the  making  of  any  further  contract,  or  granting  or  allowing  any 
privileges  not  now  provided  for  in  the  agreements  at  present  in  force.  In  the 
past  many  convict  labor  contractors  have  grown  rich  at  the  expense  of  the 
state  and  at  the  cost  of  the  futures  of  the  men  and  women  who  were  forced 
to  work  for  them.  While  no  blame  is  attached  to  these  contractors,  and  their 
methods  were  generally  open  and  legitimate,  yet  it  does  reflect  on  a common- 
wealth so  large  and  prosperous  as  Missouri  is,  to  have  a system  in  vogwe 
which  does  not  reform  the  convict  and  is  so  costly  to  the  tax  payers.  If  any 
profits  are  to  come  out  of  a state  institution,  especially  a penal  one,  then  the 
state  and  all  of  its  citizens  are  entitled  to  them,  not  a few  individuals.  For 
at  least  three  years  the  penitentiary  was  run  at  a loss,  while  those  who  held 
the  contracts  grew  more  or  less  wealthy.  The  convicts  gained  nothing  in  the 
way  of  reformation,  education  or  social  advancement.  The  families  of  many 
of  these  unfortunates,  who  had  depended  upon  them  for  a livelihood,  suffered. 
Prison  guards  worked  12  hours  a day  week  in  and  out,  and,  worst  of.  all,  for 
wages  which  are  very  low,  in  these  days  of  high  cost  of  living.  All  the  way 
around  there  was  no  improvement,  or  gain  for  anyone,  save  the  contractors, 
but  who,  it  must  be  said,  were  legally  by  the  rights  stipulated  in  their  con- 
tracts entitled  to  all  they  made. 

New  York  System  Suggested. 

The  system  in  vogue  in  the  New  York  State  Prisons  seems  to  meet  with 
the  approval  of  organized  labor  and  of  the  majority  of  the  people,  who  con- 
sider a change  in  the  Missouri  plan  necessary.  The  convicts  of  that  com- 
monwealth turn  out  products  and  supplies  for  the  different  state,  county  and 
city  institutions  and  departments  thereof,  which  secure  them  at  cost  price. 
Nothing  is  sent  to  market  to  compete  with  the  products  of  the  honest  and 
free  toilers.  The  state  gains  by  securing  supplies  at  cost  price  and  the  prison 
is  self-sustaining  because  the  receipts  are  more  than  sufficient  to  meet  all  ex- 
penses. As  for  example  it  can  be  stated,  supplies  which  formerly  cost  the 
tax  payers  of  New  York  $1,000,000  are  now  secured  for  $800,000,  and  best  of 
all,  out  of  this  $800,000  comes  the  cost  of  running  the  state  prison.  This  system 
therefore  gives  the  state  and  all  political  subdivisions  thereof  a profit  of 
$200,000  over  the  former  plan  of  purchasing  outright,  without  considering  the 
most  important  feature  of  all,  that  the  free  and  honest  wage  earners  have  no 
unfair  products  to  compete  with  in  the  general  market. 

Output  Valued  at  Millions. 

The  prison  made  boots,  and  shoes,  clothing,  harness,  leather  goods,  saddle 
trees  and  other  products,  turned  out  by  the  nine  convict  labor  shops  of  the 
Jefferson  City  Penitentiary  in  1909,  were  given  the  value  of  $3,897,828  by  the 
contractors.  The  value  of  some  manufacturing  wholly  done  in  outside  ad- 
ditions is  not  included  here,  but  is  covered  elsewhere.  It  required  the  labor 
of  1,684  convicts  to  produce  the  same,  for  which  the  state  was  paid  $3Io,39I-7o. 
In  addition  to  the  workers,  Missouri  also  had  to  furnish  heat,  light,  power, 
free  work  shops,  free  water  and  free  janitor  service,  all  of  which  would  have 
cost  the  contractors  at  least  $25,000,  had  they  to  pay  for  the  same.  Therefore 
the  latter  sum  ought,  in  reality,  be  deducted  from  the  amount  which  is  cred- 


Convict  Labor  Problem , 1909-10-11. 


217 


ited  as  being  received  by 'the  state  for  wages,  but  this  is  not  done  in  the 
comparison  which  follows: 

At  least  1,652  honest  and  free  male  toilers  were  displaced  in  1909  in  the 
State  of  Missouri  in  the  trades  directly  interested,  allowing  that  a convict 
turns  out  as  much  as  a free,  skilled  pieceworker.  The  worst  feature  of  all  is 
the  enormity  of  the  amount  of  wages  which  are  lost  annually  to  Missouri’s 
toilers.  For  each  convict,  per  day  of  eight  hours,  the  state  receives  70  cents. 
At  the  same  callings  among  the  honest  free  workers  there  is  not  a man  even 
though  he  be  only  half  way  skilled  at  his  trade,  who  does  not  earn  at  least 
$1.50  a day.  Many  earn  from  $2.50  to  $3.50  a day  and  some  even  more. 
With  $1.50  per  diem  as  the  basis  for  figuring,  $748,356  in  wages  was  taken 
away  from  the  honest  male  workers  of  Missouri  in  1909  by  convict  labor.  For 
each  working  day,  continuing  on  the  same  basis,  the  amount  was  $2,478.  The 
nine  convict  labor  shops  averaged  302  working  days  in  1909. 

The  effect  the  work  of  the  female  convicts  had  is  not  included  in  the 
foregoing  calculation.  In  an  outside  shoe  or  clothing  factory  women  earn  at 
the  lowest  $1.00  a day.  When  this  sum  is  used  as  the  average  it  is  plain  that 
the  working  women  of  Missouri  were  deprived  of  at  least  $9,664  in  wages  in 
1909.  This  may  seem  a small  amount,  but  is  enough  to  have  given  32  working 
women  employment  the  year  through  at  $1.00  a day,  or  each  $302  for  twelve 
months  of  work.  By  adding  this  $9,664  to  $748,356  it  means  that  wage  earners 
of  Missouri  in  1909  were  deprived  of  $758,020  by  the  present  system  of  leasing 
out  the  labor  of  convicts.  And  this  has  been  going  on  for  years.  In  ten 
years  the  amount  would  be  $7,580,200.  The  real  sum  lost  to  wage  earners  is 
however  more,  as  skilled  male  shoe  workers  earn  at  least  $2.00  a day  and  some 
over  that  sum  in  St.  Louis.  Garment  workers  there  earn  from  $9  to  $15  a 
week,  and  some  a larger  amount. 

Unfair  Market  Conditions. 

As  the  state  furnishes  free  light,  heat,  power  and  janitor  service  and  the 
line  of  work  in  connection  is  all  performed  by  convicts  not  enumerated  in  the 
figures  given,  it  further  means  that  probably  nine  engineers,  four  firemen  and 
perhaps  twenty  laborers  were  also  deprived  of  work.  Their  yearly  wages  would 
- have  amounted  to  $19,560.  Then  there  is  the  rent  of  buildings  which  is  lost  to 
real  estate  owners.  There  are  also  other  minor  disadvantages  too  numerous 
to  be  specialized. 

A bad  feature  for  the  outside  manufacturer  is  that  convict  labor  goods 
can  be  and  are  sold  to  dealers  and  jobbers  at  figures  slightly  below  their,  own. 
Therefore  it  is  very  plain  that  all  prison  made  articles  stand  a better  chance 
of  selling  first,  and  the  demand  must  exceed  this  output  before  jobbers  and 
dealers  can  begin  to  handle  the  products  of  the  regular  tax  paying  factories 
employing  honest  wage  earning  men  and  women. 

Very  few  of  the  consumers  know  they  are  buying  convict-made-goods 
when  they  do  purchase  because  there  is  no  label,  on  them  to  distinguish  such 
articles  from  the  products  of  regular  manufacturers.  As  the  output  of  convict 
labor  shops  and  their  outside  additions  for  1909  was  valued  at  $4,708,102,  that 
amount  of  boots,  shoes,  working  clothes,  leather  goods,  harness  and  saddle- 
trees were  probably  sold  in  1909  before  the  goods  of  the  honest  factories 
commenced  to  have  an  even  chance  on  the  market.  The  only  limit  to  the 
annual  production  of  the  prison  shops  is  the  number  of  convicts  confined  in 
the  penitentiary,  who  are  available  for  work.  It  is  therefore  obvious  that  un- 
less the  leasing  system  is  done  away  with  the  output  of  convict  made  goods 
will  increase  from  year  to  year,  keeping  pace  with  the  increasing  population 
of  the  state,  and  the  natural  increase  in  crime. 


218 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


Gain  in  Value  of  Output  Over  1908. 

In  comparing  the  value  of  the  output  of  the  prison  shops  (alone)  for  1909 
with  that  of  1908  it  can  easily  be  seen  that  there  was  a gain  of  $760,676  in  one 
year,  or  over  25  per  cent.  How  many  other  .factories  of  the  same  kind  in 
Missouri  equal  this?  The  figures  of  the  management  for  the  clothing  factory 
indicate  a gain  of  50  per  cent  in  value  of  output  of  1909  over  1908.  Shoe  fac- 
tories experienced  a smaller  gain.  It  is  already  known  that  the  gain  of  1910 
over  1909  is  as  great  as  the  gain  of  the  latter  year  over  1908. 

The  total  capital  invested  in  the  nine  convict  labor  shops,  with  their  outside 
additions  included,  for  1909,  as  reported  by  the  managements,  was  $689,869. 
The  saving  in  wages,  through  convict  labor  and  in  rent,  light,  power,  heat, 
water  and  janitor  service  in  that  year  was  at  least  as  much  as  the  capital  in- 
vested; which  practically  yielded  this  amount  of  profit  to  start  with.  What 
other  business  is  there  that  has  such  an  advantage  to  commence  on  every 
year. 

State  Lost  Money. 

In  the  two  years  which  ended  December  31,  1908,  the  disbursements  t>f 
the  State  penitentiary  were  $621,160.41.  In  the  same  time  the  net  earnings 
were  $587,199.64.  This  left  a deficit  of  $33,960.77. 

For  comparative  purposes  this  deficit  of  $33,960.77  of  the  State  ought  to  be 
taken  and  placed  next  to  the  handsome  profits  of  the  prison  shop  contractors, 
which,  conservatively  estimating,  in  those  two  years  were  an  even  $1,000,000. 

For  1909,  according  to  the  figures  of  the  State  Auditor,  the  receipts  from 
all  sources  of  the  penitentiary  were  $294,247.93  and  the  disbursements  $334,- 
052.41,  making  a deficit  of  $39,804.48.  On  January  T,  1909,  there  was  to  credit 
of  this  institution  $39,809.11  out  of  its  previous  appropriation,  but  this  sum 
has  nothing  to  do  with  the  earnings. 

Under  the  present  systetn  of  leasing  the  state  lost  $73,765.25  in  three  years. 
The  1910  figures  were  not  available  at  this  writing,  but  raising  the  rate  per 
convict  from  60  cents  a day  to  70  cents,  undoubtedly  increased  the  receipts  of 
the  year  enough  to  show  a surplus  for  the  year,  after  all  disbursements  had 
been  met. 

It  must  be  remembered  that  the  penitentiary  and  other  present  state 
officials  and  also  the  convict  leasing  contractors  are  not  to  blame  for  these 
deficits.  It  was  all  chiefly  due  to  the  present  laws,  and  old  contracts  under 
which  the  labor  of  the  convicts  was  leased  out,  and  also  to  the  low  rate  of 
pay  agreed  upon  at  the  close  of  1904  when  those  contracts  were  entered  into. 

More  Comparisons. 

While  the  nine  prison  shops  of  the  State  penitentiary  in  1909 
1909  Output,  produced  shoes,  boots,  clothing,  brooms,  harness,  shoe  findings 
Prison  Shops,  and  saddle  trees  worth  $3,897,828,  with  the  work  done  in  “out- 
side” additions  included,  the  total  value  is  $4,708,102.  For 
the  convict  shops  alone  the  increase  in  value  of  output  over  1908  is  $760,676. 
Out  of  this  huge  valuation  only  $310,391  was  paid  to  the  State  for  the  hire  of 
convicts.  The  amount  disbursed  to  managers,  superintendents,  foremen,  sales- 
men, clerks,  stenographers  and  all  wage  earners  from  outside  the  prison,  was 
$454,664,  and  yet  there  was  only  928  such  other  employes  to  divide  this  sum 
between.  In  other  words,  928  “outside”  employes  were  paid  $144,273  more 
than  the  state  received  for  an  army  of  convicts  nearly  twice  as  great,  who 
actually  did  all  of  the  manufacturing  and  therefore  were  the  real  “men  behind 
the  guns.” 


Convict  Labor  Problem,  1909-10-11. 


219 


The  following  table  was  prepared  to  afford  a comparison  between  the 
values  of  the  output  of  convict  labor  shops  for  1909,  1908  and  1907,  and  show 
the  annual  gains  from  year  to  year.  These  figures  are  based  on  the  returns 
made  to  the  Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics  by  the  contractors,  themselves.  It 
will  be  noticed  that  they  gave  the  number  of  convicts  employed  in  their  shops 
during  the  year  1909  as  being  1,732  male  and  36  females.  The  penitentiary 
officials  only  report  the  number  as  1,652  males  and  32  females.  This  difference 
is  due  to  the  fact  that  each  contractor  based  his  returns  for  this  information 
on  the  day  that  he  had  the  most  convicts  in  his  employ.  Both  figures  there 
fore  are  correct.  The  larger  is  the  return  for  the  best  working  day  and  the 
smaller  is  the  yearly  average.  Whether  or  not  the  valuation  figures  are  cor- 
rect depended  upon  the  willingness  of  the  contractors  to  give  complete  and 
accurate  information.  None  were  put  under  oath.  Each  simply  certified  that 
his  report  was  correct.  The  sum  received  by  the  state  for  convict  hire  is  cor- 
rect. The  figures  for  value  of  supplies  and  raw  material,  as  furnished  by  one 
or  two  contractors,  seem  a little  larger  than  they  ought  to  be.  There  may 
be  included  some  expenditures  which  do  not  belong  there.  The  figures 
representing  the  amounts  paid  out  for  rent,  taxes  and  insurance  only  in- 
clude the  convict  shops  portion.  Another  table  further  on  contains  complete 
information  for  each  shop  in  the  State  prison  and  also  for  all  outside  additions. 


Topic. 

1909 

1908 

1907 

Value  of  goods  manufactured 

$3 , 897 , 828 
2,600,833 
310,392 
13,555 
1,732 
36 

$3,137,152 

2,353,288 

310,704 

15,450 

1,621 

30 

$2,817,432 

2,135,040 

265,706 

16,186 

1,662 

37 

“ of  raw  material  and  supplies 

Cost  of  convict  labor 

Paid  for  rent,  taxes  and  insurance 

Convicts  employed,  male 

“ “ female 

BILL  TO  LABEL  “CONVICT-MADE”  GOODS. 

House  Bill  No.  227— 46th  General  Assembly. 

An  act  to  require  the  superintendents  or  wardens  of  every  prison,  penitentiary,  re- 
formatory or  other  penal  institution  in  this  state  to  cause  to  be  branded,  labelled 
or  marked  all  goods,  wares  and  merchandise  manufactured  In  whole  or  in  part 
by  convict  labor,  and  providing  a penalty. 

Section  1.  The  warden  or  superintendent  of  every  prison,  penitentiary,  reforma- 
tory or  other  penal  institution  in  this  state,  in  which  convict  labor  is  employed,  shall 
cause  all  goods,  wares  and  merchandise,  wholly  or  partly  made  by  convict  labor, 
in  the  institution  under  his  charge,  to  be  branded,  labelled  or  marked  as  herein- 
after provided.  Each  individual  article  shall  be  branded,  labelled,  or  marked  be- 
fore it  is  shipped  from,  or  leaves  such  institution. 

Sec.  2.  The  brand,  label  or  mark  used  for  such  purpose  shall  contain  at  the 
head  or  top  thereof  the  words  “convict  made,”  followed  by  the  year  when,  and  the 
name  of  the  penitentiary,  prison,  reformatory  or  other  establishment  in  which  the 
article  branded,  labelled  or  marked  was  made. 

Sec.  3.  Such  brands,  labels  and  marks  shall  be  printed  in  plain  English  let- 
tering, of  style  and  size  known  as  great  primer,  Roman  condensed  capitals.  A brand 
or  mark  shall  be  used  in  all  cases  where  the  nature  of  the  article  will  permit,  and 
only  where  such  branding  or  marking  is  impossible  shall  a label  be  used.  Such  label 
shall  be  in  the  form  of  a tin  tag  and  shall  be  attached  by  wire  to  each  article,  where 
the  nature  of  the  article  will  permit,  and  shall  be  placed  securely  upon  the  box,  crate 
or  other  covering  in  which  such  goods,  wares  or  merchandise  are  packed  or  shipped. 

Such  brand,  mark  or  label  shall  be  placed  upon  the  most  conspicuous  part  of  the 
finished  article  and  its  box,  crate  or  covering. 

In  case  of  manufactured  clothing  of  any  nature,  such  label  shall  be  of  linen 
Qr  fine  cloth  printed  with  indelible  ink.  It  shall  he  not  less  than  two  inches  long  and 


220 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


one  inch  wide,  and  shall  be  securely  sewed  on  all  four  edges  in  a conspicuous  part 
of  the  garment.  . 

Sec.  4.  The  commissioner  of  labor  shall  have  authority  to  inspect  all  goods, 
wares  and  merchandise  made  in  any  penal  institution  of  the  state.  It  shall  be  his 
duty  and  that  of  the  attorney-general  to  enforce  the  provision  of  this  act,  and  when, 
upon  complaint  or  otherwise,  the  commissioner  of  labor  has  reason  to  believe  that 
this  act  is  being  violated,  he  shall  advise  the  attorney-general  of  that  fact,  and  the 
attorney-general  shall  at  once  institute  the  proper  legal  proceedings  to  compel  com- 
pliance with  the  act. 

Sec.  5.  No  person  shall  remove  or  deface  or  in  any  way  alter  such  brand,  mark, 
or  label. 

Sec.  6.  The  warden  or  superintendent  of  any  penal  institution  offending  against 
the  provisions  of  this  act,  or  any  other  person  so  offending,  shall  be  guilty  of  a 
misdemeanor  and,  upon  conviction  thereof,  shall  be  sentenced  to  pay  a fine  not  ex- 
ceeding $1,000  nor  less  than  $100,  or  to  imprisonment  not  exceeding  twelve  months  or 
less  than  ten  days. 


STATISTICAL  TABLES  COVERING  THE  1909  OUTPUT  OF  NINE 
CONVICT  LABOR  SHOPS. 


In  the  following  tables  'will  be  found  complete  figures  bearing  on  the 
manufacturing  done  in  Missouri’s  nine  convict  labor  shops  at  Jefferson  City 
in  the  year  1909.  It  must  be  remembered  that  these  figures  are  as  given  by 
the  contractors  and  how  accurate  and  complete  they  are  depends  upon  the 
willingness  of  the  holders  of  the  convict  leases  to  give  full  and  truthful  in- 
formation. The  amounts  paid  for  convict  labor  are  correct,  as  they  were  fur- 
nished by  the  Penitentiary  officials  and  agree  with  the  records  of  the  State 
Auditor. 

For  two  shops,  in  the  column  devoted  to  the  value  of  goods  manufactured 
in  1909,  will  be  found  double  entries.  Both  are  for  the  shoe  shops 
which  had  outside  factories.  They  could  not  furnish  information  thus  divided, 
covering  other  points,  especially  for  the  value  of  raw  material  and  supplies 
used  in  1909,  and  therefore  only  one  set  of  figures  are  given  in  the  remainder 
of  the  table.  All  value  of  grounds  and  buildings  are,  of  course,  for  factories, 
warehouses  and  similar  buildings  outside  of  the  prison.  The  statistical  infor- 
mation furnished  by  the  prison  shop  managements  is  divided  up  into  tables 
for  convenience  in  handling  the  same. 


Table  A gives  full  statistical  infor- 
mation covering  the  output  of  the  con- 
vict labor  and  outside  shops  during 
the  year  1909.  The  points  covered  are : 
Value  of  goods  manufactured ; value 
of  raw  material  and  supplies  used ; total 
capital  invested ; cost  of  convict  labor  for 
the  year ; value  of  grounds  and  buildings 
of  factories,  warehouses,  etc.,  located  out- 
side of  prison  grounds ; value  of  machin- 
ery, fixtures,  tools,  etc. ; number  of  con- 
victs employed  by  factory,  male,  female ; 
amount  paid  for  rent,  taxes  and  insurance 
during  the  year;  number  of  days  factory 
was  in  operation  during  the  year ; total 
amount  paid  in  salaries,  wages,  and  to  the 
state  for  convict  labor ; total  number  of 
employes,  including  male  and  female  help 
from  the  outside,  and  in  outside  shops, 
and  also  number  of  convicts. 

Table  B divides  the  outside  wage  earn- 


ers according  to  sex  and  amount  of  wages 
paid  weekly. 

Table  C divides  the  management  and 
clerical  force  according  to  occupation,  giv- 
ing number  of  each  occupation  and  the 
average  monthly  salary ; all  classified  by 
industry. 

Table  D. — Wage  earners  employed  dur- 
ing the  year  1909  in  outside  shops,  class- 
ified by  occupations ; number  following 
each  line  of  work ; the  weekly  wages  of 
the  highest,  lowest  and  prevailing  sums 
paid  ; hours  per  day  and  per  week  of  em- 
ployment exacted  from  each  class ; change 
in  wages  over  1908  showing  whether  or  not 
there  was  an  increase  and  percentage  of 
the  same. 

Table  E gives,  by  industry,  the  quantity 
of  goods  which  were  manufactured  and 
the  localities  to  which  they  were  shipped. 


) 


) 

> 


il/ie.  C.  L.  KENNEDY. 

Secretary -of  St.  Joseph’s  Central  Labor  Council . 


■ 


Convict  Labor 


Problem,  1909-10-11 . 


221 


O 

31 


Females ( 


Males . 


o © f- 
00  ©CO 
03  CO  00 


Total  amount  paid 
in  wages,  1909-  . . . 


Total. 


.5  Insurance . 


Taxes. 


O 03 

© ©— i WO 
CO  ©03  03 


00  ^<03  O 

03  tO  03  03 

CO  COtO  O 

03  03©  CO 


r-i  ©03 
03  ©03 

O HH 


rf<0 
t ^ 00 
00  03 


Rent 


oo 

CO  03 
CO  — i 
m - 


Av.  No.  days  in  op- 
eration  


Value  of  machinery, 
fixtures,  tools,  etc. 


Value  of  grounds  and 
buildings  outside  of 
prison  used  in  man- 
ufacturing, etc . . . . 


O OOCO  o 

O 030  o 

CO  03C0  CO 


oo  o 
oo  o 
oo  o 


(Paid  for  convict  labor 
to  state,  1909. .... 


Total  capital  invest- 
ed, 1909 


«3  £^0  a; 2 

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t^© 


o oo  o 

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Value  of  material  and 
supplies  used,  1909. 


Total  value  of  goods 
manufactured,  1909 


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MANUFACTURING,  PRISON  SHOPS,  JEFFERSON  CITY,  MO  , 1909— Continued. 

TABLE  B Classified  earnings  of  all  wage  earners  other  than  convicts  in  “outside  additions”  for  the  week  in  which  the  establishments  were  in  full  operation, 

skilled  and  unskilled;  male,  female;  children  under  16  years.  None  of  management,  clerical  or  office  forces,  foremen  or  salesmen  are  included  in  this  table. 
Neither  is  the  convict  labor. 


222 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


Total  of  all  wage- 
earners 

CM  IACO 
CO  CO  lO 
T-H  CM 

:1§ 

j Child ’nund’r  16 

Total 

3 : : 

$6  to  $7 

W i 

$5  to  $6 

I 

•r 

$4  to  $5 

CM  • • 

■r 

$3  to  $4 

CO  ; ; 

•r 

Under  $3 

10  : : 

;r 

Females  over  16  years. 

Total 

30 

35 

90 

lO 
. kO 

$20  and  over 

:i  : 

$15  to  $20 

•:! 

i-i  -CM 

•r 

$12  to  $15 

$10  to  $12 

• to 

:i2 

$9  to  $10 

<M 

:1s 

$8  to  $9 

05  COCO 

• j oo 

$7  to  $8  

coo 

$6  to  $7 

i—i  ICO 

CO 

CM 

$5  to  $6 

CO  • CM 

:|” 

$4  to  $5 

3 

10 

14 

: |« 

$3  to  $4 

• ^ 

:1s 

Under  $3 

. CM 

!|a 

Males  over  16  years. 

Total 

00  • co 

00 

• lO 

CM 

$25  and  over. 

r-H  -CO 

$20  to  $25 

rP  ;CO 

o 

$15  to  $2C 

CO  ■ 00 

$12  to  $15 

05  ;*C 

il* 

$10  to  $12 

01 

Zl 

CM 

CM 

$9  to  $10 

00 

$8  to  $9 

-50 

o 

CM 

$7  to  $8 

CO  -CM 

00 

$6  to  $7 

01 

21 

• I CM 

: I” 

$5  to  $6 

CO  -00 

j 3 

$4  to  $5 

« ;8 

: S 

Under  $4. — 

; 8 

1 

Industry. 

, 

Boots  and  shoes 

“ “ “ outside  shop,  fori 

women  and  girls 

Boots  and  shoes 

“ “ “ no  outside  shop 

Totals 

Convict  Labor  Problem , 1909-10-11, 


223 


MANUFACTURING,  PRISON  SHOPS,  JEFFERSON  CITY,  MO.,  1909— Continued. 

Table  D — Weekly  wages — skilled  and  unskilled  toilers;  classified  according  to  occupation;  showing 
highest,  lowest  and  prevailing  wages;  daily  and  weekly  time;  increase  or  decrease  in  wages, 
if  any. 

BOOTS  AND  SHOES. 

“Outside  Shops”;  no  convict  labor  included. 


Occupation. 

Number 

em- 

ployes. 

Weekly  wages. 

Prevailing 

time. 

Change 
in  wages 
over 
1908. 
Per  cent. 
* 

Highest 

sum 

paid. 

Prevail- 
ing sum 
paid. 

Lowest 

sum 

paid. 

Hours 

per 

day. 

Hours 

per 

week. 

Bottomers 

M 

28 

$12.00 

| 

$4.00 

10 

59 

None. 

Cutting,  operators 

M 

37 

7.50 

$6.00 

2.00 

10 

59 

F 

3 

5.50 

3.00 

10 

59 

44 

M 

6 

5.00 

“ ’ 4 ! 66 

3.50 

10 

59 

Cutters 

M 

10 

12.00 

10 

59 

F 

4 

9.00 

10 

59 

•« 

M 

15 

15.00 

10 

59 

Engine  room . . 

M 

2 

12.00 

10 

59 

Finishers 

M 

20 

7.00 

3.00 

10 

59 

Fitters,  operators 

M 

46 

21.00 

15.00 

8.00 

10 

59 

44 

Fitting  room 

M 

3 

9.00 

8.00 

10 

59 

(4 

F 

56 

11.50 

7.00 

2.50 

10 

59 

«( 

14  44 

M 

3 

7.00 

10 

59 

i ( 

«<  «< 

F 

75 

6.00 

10 

59 

Heel  builders 

M 

10 

7.00 

10 

59 

Heelers 

M 

19 

10.00 

4.00 

10 

59 

Lasters 

M 

20 

12.00 

10 

59 

Repairers 

F 

7 

5.00 

10 

59< 

Shipping  rooms 

M 

4 

15.00 

10 

59 

4 < 

Treers 

M 

22 

3.00 

10 

59 

44 

Trimmers 

M 

18 

3.00 

10 

59 

<i 

Sole  cutters 

M 

18 

8.00 

10 

59 

4 « 

BROOMS. 


Sorters 

M 

7 

$8.00 

8.00 

9 

F 

5 

9 

51  10%  inc. 
51  10%  inc. 


CLOTHING,  OVERALLS,  ETC. 


Machine  operators 

F 

54 

$12.00 

$6.00 

$6.00 

Si 

49 

None. 

Helpers 

F 

34 

5.00 

4.00 

3.00 

Si 

49 

44 

Machine  operators 

F 

90 

18.00 

7.00 

6.00 

Si 

49 

44 

Helpers 

F 

31 

6.00 

5.00 

3.00 

8 h 

49 

“ 

Laborers 

M 

3 

8.00 

9 

54 

4 4 

, PRISON  SHOPS,  JEFFERSON  CITY,  MO.,  1909— Continued. 


224 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


Accidents. 

Total 

NHHpJ 

i>  j 

CO'# 

CM  *0 

^ 1 

CM 

Non-fatal. 

Ci  -I  —I  CO 

CO  ^ 

CM*0 

CM 

Fatal .... 

Aver-  | 

age 

salary 

per 

month. 

Females . . 

■ *o  • 

•i © • 

*o 

CD 

*o*  o 

CO*  CM 

( X 
o 

¥ 

) 

1 

$ 

Males.  . . . 

o • ■ 

CO  . . 

O 

CO 

m 

00*  • 

*o 

00 

m 

No.  ste- 
nogra- 
phers 

Females.. 

• T— < . 

Hjt  H 

CM 

CO 

Males.  ..  . 

CM  • • 

CM 

i-H* 

CO 

Aver- 

age 

salary 

per 

month. 

Females. . 

O -00  • 

CM  • • 

m ■ 

c 

o 

¥ 

Cl 

=1 

Males.  ..  . 

010  00*0 

TtHOO-itf 

m 

CO 

*o 

*o* 

00* 

CO 

*o 

CO 

m 

No. 

clerks. 

Females. . 

-CM  • 

CO 

:* 

• I-- 

CO 

Males.  . . . 

i-ICM^l-H 

00 

rH  * 

" : 

*o 

CO 

Aver- 

age 

salary 

per 

month. 

Females.. 

CO 

Males.  . . . 

*000^ 

t^OOO 

60-hi-i 

CO 

05 

m 

o 

CD 

e# 

CO 

No.* 

book- 

keep- 

ers. 

Females.. 

o 

o 

Males.  ..  . 

—lOOCM-H 

I> 

CM 

CO 

o 

Aver- 

age 

salary 

per 

month. 

Females.. 

Males.  . . . 

0*0  00 
ocoo 

-H  r-i  CM 

$132 

$50 

$50 

No. 
sales- 
men , 
solici- 
tors. 

Females. . 

Males.  . . . 

*0  CM  t 

00 

CM 

o 

o 

00 

Aver- 

age 

salary 

per 

month. 

Females. . 

o • • 
00  • • 

o 

00 

C/t> 

Males.  . . . 

OOOtJ* 

00005 

CO 

05 

m 

$100 

No. 

fore- 

men. 

Females. . 

o 

o 

Males.  . . . 

cm  r—  i—i  qo 

00 

CO 

*o 

CM 

05 

*o 

Aver- 

age 

salary 

per 

month. 

Females.. 

id 

Males.  ..  . 

$150 

500 

173 

166 

00 

CM 

m 

o 

o 

© 

o 

OOIf 

No. 

mgrs. 

and 

supts. 

Females . . 

Males.  ..  . 

iHi— iCMi— i 

>o 

CM 

r>. 

Monthly  earnings  of 
working  proprietors 

oo  • 
o *o  • 
*0*0  • 

• iO 
(M 
. IO 

o 

o 

no 

CM 

CO 

• CO 

• C# 

Working  proprietors. 

CM 

CM 

CO 

*o 

1> 

>> 

*5 5 

4 

C 

X 

T 

salaried 
aloyes .... 
monthly 

>) 

a 

G 

S 

) 

J 

> £ 

; * 

u 

salaried 
Moyes .... 
monthly 

. c n 

.ft 

• J2  g 

. c3  <u 

: o’ft 

>5  ^.2 

H t-H 

O- 

O* 

« 


g.S£§<» 

O o h 


♦Convict  clerical  workers. 


MANUFACTURING,  PRISON  SHOPS,  JEFFERSON  CITY,  MO.,  1909— Continued. 


Convict  Labor  Problem , 1909-10-11. 


225 


1-s 


o 

fiC 

02 

N 03 

O cj 
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CO  2 

if5  02 


.2 
"3 

<2  ^ 3 
“ « ® 


03  03 
d £ 

S-g 

o 5 


G 

s*i 

•~2  $ 2 


oj  >> 


£ 

bbS-S® 

2-2-  : |So”-S 

JO  WS  <50 


iOOiO©HOM  o« 
IC001003CCOO  PH,-H 
<N  CO  O CO  CO  rH  CO  COIM 

CO  02  O b-  00  00  <N  «—t  00 

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^ “T5 

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rt  53  £ £ 


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O L— 15 


JOHN  P.  GORDON,  State  Auditor. 


226 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


ANOTHER  PRISON  REFORM  MEASURE. 

House  Bill  No.  223— 46th  General  Assembly. 

An  act  providing-  for  the  establishment  and  maintenance  of  an  iron  or  steel  bridge 
plant  at  the  penitentiary,  and  regulating  the  sale  of  the  manufactured  article  to  the 
several  counties  of  the  state. 

Section  1.  That  the  warden  of  the  penitentiary  be  and  he  is  hereby  empowered, 
in  the  manner  approved  by  the  board  of  inspectors  of  the  penitentiary  and  at  a 
cost  not  to  exceed  twenty-five  thousand  dollars  ($25,000),  to  purchase,  erect  and  main- 
tain all  the  necessary  machinery  and  equipment  for  the  manufacture  of  iron  or  steel 
bridges. 

Section  2.  That  the  said  warden  be  and  he  is  hereby  empowered  to  provide  the 
necessary  building  for  the  said  machinery  and  equipments ; and  if  there  is  not  now 
within  the  walls  of  the  penitentiary  a building  available  for  said  purpose,  then,  by 
the  advice  and  approval  of  said  board  of  inspectors,  the  said  warden  is  empowered 
to  rent  a building  without  the  walls  of  the  penitentiary  of  proper  dimensions  and 
adapted  to  the  purpose  herein  indicated. 

Sec.  3.  For  the  purpose  of  purchasing  and  erecting  said  machinery  and  eqiiip- 
ments,  the  sum  of  twenty-five  thousand  dollars  ($25,000)  is  hereby  appropriated,  out 
of  any  funds  in  the  state  treasury  not  otherwise  appropriated,  or  so  much  thereof 
as  may  be  necessary. 

Sec.  4.  There  is  hereby  appropriated  out  of  any  funds  in  the  state  treasury,  not 
otherwise  appropriated,  the  sum  of  twenty-five  thousand  dollars  ($25,000),  which  shall 
be  known  as  the  “revolving  fund,”  which  fund,  or  so  much  thereof  "as  may  be  neces- 
sary, shall  be  used  only  for  the  purpose  of  purchasing  raw  material  required  in  the 
manufacture  of  iron  and  steel  bridges  and  for  the  purpose  of  carrying  on  the  busi- 
ness of  manufacturing,  handling  and  marketing  the  said  bridges  until  disposed  of 
according  to  the  provisions  of  this  act;  and  the  money  in  said  “revolving  fund”  shall 
be  paid  by  the  treasurer  of  the  state  upon  warrants  issued  by  the  auditor  of  the  state 
upon  verified  vouchers  of  the  said  warden. 

Sec.  5.  All  moneys  derived  from,  the  sale  of  said  bridges  shall  be  collected  by 
the  said  warden  and  paid  into  the  treasury  of  the  state  to  the  credit  of  the  “re- 
volving fund”  created  by  section  4 hereof ; and  it  is  hereby  made  the  duty  of  the 
treasurer  of  the  state  to  carry  as  a separate  account  upon  the  books  of  this  office 
the  said  “revolving  fund,”  which  fund  shall  not  be  used,  in  whole  or  in  part,  for  any 
purpose  or  purposes  other  than  those  named  in  section  4 hereof. 

Sec.  6.  The  said  warden  is  hereby  invested  with  power  to  sell  the  said  bridges 
to  the  several  county  courts  of  the  counties  of  this  state,  for  cash,  put  on  board  the  cars 
at  Jefferson  City,  and  at  a price  sufficient  only  to  indemnify  the  state  against  loss  in 
the  manufacture  thereof. 

Sec.  7.  The  selling  price  of  said  bridges  shall  be  fixed  by  the  warden,  by  and 
with  the  advice  and  approval  of  the  said  board  of  inspectors,  each  year,  as  near 
as  practicable. 

Sec.  8.  In  his  biennial  report,  the  said  warden  shall  include  a statement  in  de- 
tail of  his  acts  and  doings  under  this  act. 


PREFERRED  CONVICT  LABOR  MEASURE. 


The  Legislative  Committee,  representing  organized  labor  of  Missouri,  agreed  upon 
the  following  bill  providing  for  the  abolition  of  the  present  convict  labor  system,  and 
which  was  to  be  introduced  in  the  Senate  by  Senator  Thomas  Lane  of  Cape  Girar- 
deau county,  and  in  the  House  by  Representative  Charles  W.  Fear  of  Jasper  county: 
An  act  to  abolish  the  letting,  farming  out  or  selling  in  any  manner  by  contract  the 
convict  labor  in  the  penitentiary  of  the  state  of  Missouri,  or  in  any  other  penal 
or  reform  institution  in  the  state  of  Missouri,  by  the  warden  of  the  penitentiary 
or  the  inspectors  thereof  or  by  the  superintendent  or  other  officer  in  charge  of 
such  institutions,  and  providing  for  the  employment  of  the  convicts  in  the  making 
of  supplies  and  products  to  be  disposed  of  to  the  state  or  any  political  subdivision 
thereof  or  for  or  to  any  public  institutions  managed  or  controlled  by  the  state 
or  any  political  subdivision  thereof,  providing  for  the  employment  of  not  to  ex- 


Convict  Labor  Problem,  1909-10-11. 


227 


ceed  three  hundred  convicts  upon  the  public  roads,  and  providing  for  a gradual 
. change  in  the  system  of  using  convict  labor,  and  providing  for  the  carrying 
out  of  this  act,  and  providing  for  the  inspectors  of  the  penitentiary  to  conduct  and 
control  the  penitentiary  and  the  work  of  the  convicts  and  the  product  of  their 
labor  and  the  disposition  of  the  product  of  their  labor,  and  repealing  all  acts  or 
parts  of  acts  in  conflict  herewith. 

Be  it  enacted  by  the  General  Assembly  of  the  State  of  Missouri  as  follows : 

Section  1.  The  warden  of  the  state  penitentiary,  with  the  consent  of  the  board 
of  penitentiary  inspectors,  shall  cause  convicts  in  the  state  penitentiary,  to  a num- 
ber not  exceeding  sixty  (60),  to  be  employed  in  the  binding  twine  plant  for  not  to 
exceed  eight  hours  of  each  day,  except  Sundays  and  public  holidays,  and  shall  sell 
the  product  of  said  plant  according  to  the  provisions  of  page  24  of  the  acts  of  1903. 

Sec.  2.  Except  as  provided  in  section  1 of  this  act,  no  contract  shall  here- 
after be  made  by  the  warden  of  the  state  penitentiary  or  the  board  of  penitentiary 
inspectors,  or  by  the  superintendent  or  other  officer  of  any  state  penal  institution 
or  reformatory,  or  by  any  other  authority  whatsoever,  by  which  the  labor  or  time  of 
any  prisoner  in  the  state  penitentiary  or  state  penal  institution  or  any  reformatory 
of  the  state,  or  the  product  or  profit  of  his  work . shall  be  contracted,  let,  farmed 
out,  given  or  sold  to  any  person,  firm,  association  or  corporation ; provided,  however, 
that  the  prisoners  confined  in  said  penal  institutions  may  work  for  and  the  product 
of  their  labor  may  be  disposed  of  to  the  State  or  any  political  subdivision  thereof,  or 
for  or  to  any  public  institution  under  or  managed  and  controlled  by  the  State  or  any 
political  subdivision  thereof.  And  provided  further,  that  the  operation  of  this  section 
shall  be  gradual,  by  the  employment  of  at  least  three  hundred  prisoners  on  or  before 
April  1,  1912,  and  a like  manner  added  every  year  thereafter  until  all  prisoners  of 
the  State  shall  have  been  employed  making  articles  or  doing  work  for  the  use  of  the 
State  or  a political  subdivision  thereof,  and  provided,  further,  that  the  warden  and 
inspectors  of  the  penitentiary  may  in  their  discretion  enter  into  contracts  for  the  em- 
ployment of  not  to  exceed  three  hundred  convicts  of  the  State  penitentiary  upon  the 
public  roads  and  highways  of  this  State,  at  such  times  and  places  and  upon  such 
terms  as  said  warden  and  inspectors  may  deem  proper. 

Sec.  3.  The  warden  of  the  State  penitentiary,  the  board  of  penitentiary  inspec- 
tors, and  all  other  officials  of  all  penal  and  reformatory  institutions  of  the  State,  shall 
so  far  as  practicable  cause  all  the  prisoners  who  are  physically  capable,  to  be  em- 
ployed at  hard  labor,  for  not  to  exceed  eight  hours  of  each  day  other  than  Sundays 
and  public  holidays,  but  such  hard  labor  shall  be  either  in  the  binding  twine  plant 
or  for  the  purpose  of  production  of  supplies  for  said  institutions,  or  for  State  or  any 
political  subdivision  thereof  or  for  any  public  institution  owned  or  managed  or  con- 
trolled by  the  State  or  political  subdivision  thereof,  or  upon  public  highways  as  here- 
inbefore provided,  or  l'or  the  purpose  of  industrial  training  or  instruction. 

Sec.  4.  The  warden  of  the  State  penitentiary  and  the  officers  of  all  State  penal 
institutions  or  reformatories  are  authorized  and  directed  to  cause  to  be  manufactured 
by  the  convicts  in  the  prisons,  reformatories  and  penitentiaries,  so  far  as  may  be 
practicable,  such  articles  as  are  needed  and  used  therein,  and  also  such  as  are  re- 
quired by  the  State  or  political  subdivisions  thereof  and  in  the  buildings,  offices  and 
public  institutions  under,  managed  or  controlled  by  the  State,  including  articles  and 
materials  to  be  used  in  the  erection  of  buildings.  All  such  articles  manufactured  in 
the  State  penitentiaries  or  in  the  State  penal  institutions  and  not  required  for  use 
therein,  shall  be  furnished  to  the  State  and  the  public  institutions  under,  managed 
or  controlled  by  the  State  at  and  for  such  prices  as  shall  be  fixed  and  determined  by 
the  board  of  penitentiary  inspectors,  upon  the  requisitions  of  the  proper  officers  of 
the  State,  or  of  the  political  subdivisions  thereof,  or  of  the  trustees  or  managers  of 
such  institutions.  No  article  so  manufactured  shall  be  purchased  from  any  other  source 
for  the  State  and  public  institutions  of  the  State  or  the  political  subdivisions  thereof, 
unless  the  board  of  penitentiary  inspectors  shall  certify-  that  the  same  cannot  be 
furnished  upon  such  requisition,  and  no  claim  shall  be  audited  or  paid  without  such 
certificate.  But  nothing  in  this  section  shall  be  construed  to  prevent  the  employment 
of  convicts  in  the  binding  twine  plant  and  the  sale  of  the  product  of  said  plant,  as 
provided  in  section  1 of  this  act. 

Sec.  5.  All  acts  or  parts  of  acts  in  conflict  with  this  act  are  hereby  repealed. 


228 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


OFFICIAL  FIGURES. 

At  the  close  of  1904  prison  shop  contractors,  who  had  been  paying-  50 
cents  a day  for  each  convict,  agreed  in  new  contracts  to  pay  60  cents.  On 
January  1,  1910,  the  old  contracts  having  expired,  new  ones  entered  into 
toward  the  close  of  1909,  which  raised  the  rate  to  70  cents  a day,  went  into 
effect.  With  an  average  of  1,684  convicts  working  about  300  days  the  new  rate 
means  an  increase  in  earnings  for  the  year  of  over  $50,000. 

For  each  crippled  and  otherwise  partially  disabled  convict  the  state  re- 
ceived 50  cents  a day  and  for  each  female  40  cents  a day. 

The  following  table,  prepared  for  the  Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics  by  Chief 
Clerk  A.  P.  Grimshaw,  gives  the  receipts  of  the  State  penitentiary  during  the 
year  1909  from  the  various  convict  labor  shops  for  labor  and  other  sources. 
Also  the  number  of  convicts  employed.  All  female  labor  was  contracted  for  by 
a clothing  manufactory. 


Number  of 
convicts 
furnished. 

'Receipts 

1909, 

for  convicts. 

Miscellaneous 

receipts. 

Total 

receipts  by 
State. 

A.  Priesmeyer  Shoe  Co 

212 

839,528.60 

$52.84 

$39,581.44 

J.  S.  Sullivan  Saddle  Tree  Co 

126 

23,379.00 

1,055.35 

24,434.35 

Ruwart  Saddlery  Co 

10 

1,860.00 

244.48 

2,104.48 

Vaughan-Monnig  Shoe  Co 

310 

57,744.00 

215.92 

57,959.92 

Giesecke-D‘Oench-Hays  Shoe  Co. . . . 
Parker  Boot  & Shoe  Co 

88 

16,479.60 

49.64 

16,529.24 

266 

49,554.60 

205.26 

49,759.86 

Economy  Stay  Co 

Star  Clothing  Mfg.  Co.  f Male 

40 

480 

6,272.50 

89.381.40 

64.43 

6,336.93 

\ Female. . . . 

32 

3,983.60 

633.02 

93,998.02 

Central  Broom  Co 

120 

22,208.40 

6.20 

22,214.60 

Totals 

1,684 

$310,391.70 

$2,527.14 

$312,918.84 

OTHER  FACTS  AND  FIGURES. 

The  present  contracts,  which  went  into  effect  January  1,  1910,  and  cover 
a period  of  four  years,  provide  for  the  leasing  out  of  the  labor  of  at  least 
1,5 37  male  convicts  annually  to  eight  contracting  companies.  In  the  following 
table  will  be  found  information  covering  these  contracts. 

LEASE  SYSTEM  MISSOURI  STATE  PENITENTIARY  AFTER  JANUARY  1,  1910. 


Contracting  Company. 

Minimum  No. 
males  to  be 
employed. 

Square  feet 
shop  room 
occupied. 

A.  Priesmeyer  Shoe  Co 

175 

125 

300 

200 

600 

75 

12 

50 

1,537  males. 

28,800 

42,944 

48,000 

28,800 

58.200 

19.200 

J.  S.  Sullivan  Saddle  Tree  Co 

Vaughan-Monning  Shoe  Co 

Parker  Boot  & Shoe  Manufacturing  Co 

Star  Clothing  Manufacturing  Co 

Central  Broom  Co 

Ruwart  Saddlery  Co 

Economy  Stay  Co 

4,500 

230,444  sq.  ft. 

Totals K . . 

Since  the  above  contracts  were  entered  into  one  of  the  shoe  companies, 
by  general  agreement,  has  transferred  its  lease,  contract  and  privileges  to  one 
of  the  other  contracting  companies  and  has  withdrawn  from  the  prison.  One 
shoe  company  which  had  a prison  shop  in  1909  did  not  renew  its  contract  and 
withdrew  from  the  prison  in  February,  1910. 

There  is  no  maximum  to  the  number  of  convicts  which  can  be  secured  if 
there  are  enough  in  the  prison  to  go  around.  For  all  additional  workers  the 
some  rates,  rules  and  regulations  apply.  A.  T.  E. 


Convict  Labor  Problem,  1909-10-11. 


229 


CONTRACTS  NOW  IN  FORCE. 

One  contract  now  in  force  between  the  State  of  Missouri  and  the  manage- 
ment of  eight  prison  shops,  which  went  into  effect  January  i,  1910,  and  has 
still  a little  over  three  years  to  run,  is  as  follows: 


THIS  AGREEMENT,  made  and  entered 

into  this  day  of  December, 

1909,  by  and  between  Henry  Andrae, 
Warden  of  the  Missouri  State  penitentiary, 

party  of  the  first  part,  and  the  , 

party  of  the  second  part. 

WITNESSETH : 1st.  That  the  said 
party  agrees  to  furnish  the  said  party  of 
the  second  part  one  hundred  and  seventy- 
five  (175)  able-bodied  male  convicts  for 
the  manufacture  of  boots  and  shoes  at  the 
Missouri  State  Penitentiary. 

2nd.  That  the  said  party  of  the  second 
part  shall  have  the  right  to  work  any  num- 
ber of  able-bodied  male  convicts  in  excess 
of  the  one  hundred  and  seventy-five  con- 
tracted for,  provided  the  said  party  of  the 
first  part  may  have  them  on  hand  to 
spare. 

3rd.  That  the  said  party  of  the  second 
part  binds  itself  to  pay  to  the  said  party 
of  the  first  part,  for  labor  of  the  convicts 
by  it  employed,  on  the  fifth  day  of  each 
month,  and  every  month  during  the  con- 
tinuance of  this  contract,  for  the  preceding 
month,  at  the  following  rates,  to-wit : 

From  and  after  the  taking  effect  of  this 
contract,  January  1,  1910,  the  sum  of  sev- 
enty (70)  cents  per  man  per  day,  for  one 
hundred  and  seventy-five  men,  whether 
worked  or  not,  until  the  termination  of 
this  contract  on  December  31,  1913. 

4th.  That  the  said  party  of  the  second 
part  agrees  and  binds  itself  to  pay  for  all 
men  worked  in  excess  of  the  one  hundred 
seventy-five  (W5)  -from  January  1,  1910, 
to  December  31,  1913,  the  sum  of  seventy 
(70)  cents  per  man  per  day  for  each  and 
every  man  worked. 

5th.  That  the  said  party  of  the  first 
part  shall  furnish  as  good  able-bodied 
male  convicts  as  he  may  have  on  hand 
when  the  said  party  of  the  second  part 
shall  make  application  for  them.  It  is 
expressly  understood  arid  agreed  by  the 
parties  hereto  that  if,  from  any  unavoid- 
able cause,  the  party  of  the  first  part  is 
unable  to  furnish  the  above  mentioned 
number  of  convicts,  no  damage  shall  ac- 
crue to  either  of  the  parties  hereto. 

btn.  That  the  said  party  of  the  first 
part  reserves  the  right  to  withhold  any 
convict  that  he  may  deem  necessary  to 
work  for  the  State,  provided  said  convict 
has  not  already  been  assigned. 

The  party  of  the  first  part  shall  also 
furnish  to  the  said  party  of  the  second 
part  the  longest  term  convicts,  provided 
no  other  contractor  has  applied  for  them. 

7th.  That  during  the  continuance  of 


this  contract  no  convict  assigned  to  the 
said  party  of  v the  second  part  shall  be 
taken  away  without  its  consent. 

8 th.  That  convicts,  either  sick  or  un- 
dergoing punishment,  shall  be  returned  to 
the  said  party  of  the  second  part  when 
fit  for  duty,  and  no  charge  shall  be  made 
for  the  time  so  lost,  nor  for  Sundays  or 
holidays. 

9th.  That  if  any  convict  assigned  to 
me  said  party  of  the  second  part  shall, 
from  any  cause,  prove  inefficient,  the  said 
party  of  the  second  part  shall  have  the 
right  to  reject  such  convict  within  fifteen 
(15)  days  from  the  date  of  his  assign- 
ment, and  in  such  cases  no  charge  shall 
be  made  for  the  time  so  worked. 

10th.  That  the  said  party  of  the  first 
part  shall  furnish  a sufficient  number  of 
good  guards,  whose  duty  it  shall  be  to 
maintain  order  and  discipline  in  the  shop 
and  see  that  the  convicts  do  good  and 
sufficient  work. 

11th.  That  the  said  party  of  the  first 
part  shall  furnish  a sufficient  number  of 
shop  cleaners,  free  of  charge. 

12  th.  That  any  convict  who  may  make 
his  escape,  or  be  discharged  by  pardon, 
or  otherwise,  having  been  in  the  employ  of 
the  said  party  of  the  second  part,  and  who 
shall  be  subsequently  returned  to  the  pen- 
itentiary, shall  be  turned  over  to  the  said 
party  of  the  second  part,  provided  such 
convict  may  have  served  the  major  portion 
of  his  previous  or  unexpired  term  in  its 
employ. 

13th.  That  the  said  party  of  the  first 
part  shall  furnish  all  steam  or  electric 
power  and  main  shafting  for  the  success- 
ful operation  of  the  machinery  that  the 
said  party  of  the  second  part  shall  use  in 
the  manufacture  of  boots  and  shoes,  and 
shall  furnish  all  steam  for  heating  the 
shops,  light  and  also  all  water  necessary 
for  its  business,  free  of  charge. 

14th.  That  the  said  party  of  the  sec- 
ond part  shall  have  the  right  to  put  up 
and  maintain  such  machinery  and  fixtures 
as  may  be  necessary  for  the  manufacture 
of  boots  and  shoes  in  said  penitentiary. 

15th.  That  the  said  party  of  the  second 
part  reserves  the  right  to  suspend  work 
once  in  each  year,  to  take  account  of 
stock,  which  shall  not  exceed  two  (2) 
weeks. 

16th.  That  the  said  party  of  the  sec- 
ond part  shall  have  the  right  to  occupy 
the  three-story  brick  building,  situated  in 
the  southwest  corner  of  the  stockade,  and 
known  as  building  number  16,  on  a plat  of 


230 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910 . 


buildings  and  premises,  Missouri  State 
Penitentiary,  made  by  Miller  & Opel,  arch- 
itects, January,  1907,  and  on  file  in  the 
office  of  the  Warden  of  said  penitentiary, 
and  being  the  same  building  occupied  by 
the  party  of  the  second  part  at  this  time. 

17th.  That  the  said  party  of  the  second 
part  shall  have  the  right,  by  its  officers 
and  foremen,  to  direct  the  labor  of  the 
convicts  by  it  employed,  subject,  however, 
to  the  interference  of  the  Warden  of  the 
penitentiary  where  the  health  of  the  pris- 
oners or  the  discipline  of  the  institution 
may,  in  his  judgment,  be  menaced ; pro- 
vided, however,  that  no  convict  shall  be 
assigned  to  any  duty,  the  performance  of 
which  shall  require  him  to  go  outside  the 
walls  of  the  penitentiary,  without  the 
consent  of  the  Warden  first  being  obtained 
in  writing. 

18th.  That  in  case  of  panic,  or  great 
or  general  business  depression,  necessitat- 
ing the  reduction  of  the  force  employed  by 
the  said  party  of  the  second  part,  for  the 
reason  stated,  or  for  any  other  cause,  the 
Warden  of  said  penitentiary,  with  the  ap- 
proval of  the  Board  of  Inspectors,  may, 
in  writing,  agree  with  said  party  of  the 
second  part,  that  any  number  of  men  he 
may  deem  just  and  right  may  be  tempo- 
rarily laid  off  for  any  stated  interval  or 
intervals,  but  this  can  only  be  done  by 
agreement  of  the  parties. 

19th.  It  is  hereby  further  stipulated 
and  agreed  that  if,  at  any  time  during  the 
continuance  of  this  contract,  the  law- 
making power  of  this  State,  or  the  na- 
tional Congress,  shall  enact  any  laws  pro- 
hibiting or  curtailing  the  sale  or  use  of 
articles  manufactured  by  said  party  of  the 
second  part  with  said  convict  labor,  or 
shall  enact  any  laws,  the  operation  and 
effect  of  which  will  materially  change 
the  rights  of  the  said  party  of  the  second 
part,  as  they  now  exist  under  the  present 
laws  of  this  State,  or  the  United  States, 
then,  and  in  that  event,  the  right  is  hereby 
reserved  by  the  parties  hereto,  by  written 
agreement,  to  set  aside  and  annul  this 
contract,  or  to  make  such  changes  and 
alterations  therein  as  will,  as  far  as  pos- 
sible, preserve  and  uphold  the  rights  of 
both  parties  hereto,  and  without  undue 
prejudice  to  either  on  account  of  any  such 
legislation. 

20th.  That  the  said  party  of  the  first 
part  hereby  agrees  that  if  there  is  no  re- 
newal contract  made  on  or  before  the  31st 
day  of  December,  1913,  then  the  said 
party  of  the  second  part  shall  have  the 
first  four  (4)  months  after  December  31, 
1913,  to  close  up  its  business,  and  accord- 
ingly after  December  31,  1913,  the  said 
party  of  the  second  part  may  lay  off,  with- 
out pay,  any  number  of  men  they  may 
so  desire,  and  shall  only  pay  for  the 
number  of  men  actually  worked,  at  sev- 


enty (70)  cents  per  day  per  man  during 
said  four  months,  and  the  said  party  of 
the  second  part,  at  the  end  of  said  four 
months,  shall  surrender  the  shop  rooms 
and  buildings  belonging  to  said  State, 
now  occupied  by  the  party  of  the  second 
part;  provided,  that  if  at  any  time  during 
the  said  four  months,  or  before  surrender- 
ing said  shops  or  buildings,  the  said  party 
of  the  second  part  shall  again  make  and 
enter  into  a further  contract,  then  the 
said  party  of  the  second  part  shall  pay  for 
the  full  number  of  men  contracted  for,  for 
the  whole  of  said  four  months,  in  like 
manner  as  if  the  contract  hereby  made 
had  been  made  for  the  whole  period,  in- 
cluding the  four  months,  without  any  pro- 
visions for  closing  up  its  business. 

21st.  That  in  case  the  party  of  the  first 
part  shall,  at  any  time,  have  occasion  to 
use  the  shop  rooms  or  building  occupied 
by  the  party  of  the  second  part,  he  re- 
serves the  right  to  direct  the  said  party  of 
the  second  part  to  remove  its  machinery 
and  fixtures  into  such  shop  rooms  as  he 
may  designate ; the  shop  rooms  so  desig- 
nated to  be  equally  as  good  as  the  ones 
from  which  the  said  party  of  the  second 
part  is  required  to  move ; such  move  to  be 
made  at  the  expense  of  the  party  of  the 
first  part. 

22nd.  That  the  said  party  of  the  sec- 
ond part  shall  not  transfer,  by  lease  or 
otherwise',  or  remove  from  said  peniten- 
tiary any  of  the  machinery  or  fixtures 
used  in  the  manufacture  of  boots  and 
shoes,  while  it  is  indebted  to  said  party  of 
the  first  part  for  labor,  or  otherwise. 

23rd.  That  this  contract  shall  take  ef- 
fect and  be  in  force  from  and  after  Jan- 
uary 1,  1910,  and  continue  in  full  force 
and  effect  for  and  during  the  period  end- 
ing December  31,  1913  ; provided,  however, 
that  the  said  party  of  the  second  part  re- 
serves the  right  and  privilege  to  abrogate 
this  contract,  at  any  time,  by  giving  six 
(6)  months  notice,  in  writing,  to  the  War- 
den of  the  penitentiary,  of  its  intention  to 
abrogate  the  same. 

24th.  It  is  hereby  expressly  understood 
and  agreed  that  the  said  party  of  the  sec- 
ond part  shall  not  assign,  transfer  or  sub- 
let any  of  the  men  or  any  of  its  rights 
under  this  contract  without  the  written 
consent  of  the  Warden  and  Board  of  In- 
spectors first  being  obtained. 

25th.  It  is  further  agreed  between  the 
parties  hereto  that  the  party  of  the  second 
part  shall  be  allowed  to  employ  sufficient 
book-keepers,  office  men,  foremen  and  as- 
sistant foremen  to  properly  conduct  its 
business  of  the  manufacture  of  boots  and 
shoes ; no  other  “square  labor”  will  be 
allowed;  and  the  officers,  employes  and 
foremen  of  said  party  of  the  second  part 
shall  at  all  times  conform  to  the  rules 
and  regulations  of  the  penitentiary,  and 


Convict  Labor  Problem , 1909-10-11. 


231 


whenever  the  Wai'den  shall  deem  it  for 
the  best  interest  of  the  institution  to  close 
the  doors  against  any  such  officer,  employe 
or  foreman,  the  right  is  reserved  to  do  so. 

IN  TESTIMONY  WHEREOF,  The  said 
parties  have  hereunto  set  their  hands  and 


affixed  their  seals  the  day  and  year  first 
above  written.  Executed  in  duplicate. 

(Seal)  , 

Warden  Missouri  State  Penitentiary. 
Attest : By . 


STATE  OWNERSHIP  FACTORIES. 


In  the  penitentiary  at  Jefferson  City  are  three  manufacturing  plants 
which  can  be  called  state  ownership  factories.  The  commodities  produced 
are:  binding  twine,  ice  and  electricity.  The  workers  are  all  convicts  save 
that  there  is  an  overseer  from  the  outside,  thoroughly  understanding  his 
line,  for  each. 

The  machinery  in  the  twine  plant  cost  the  state  $25,000.  The  output  is 
sold  to  Missouri  farmers  at  the  cost  of  production  and  handling.  In  the 
years  1909  and  1910,  316,000  pounds  of  twine  were  manufactured  by  fourteen 
convicts.  The  same  sold  for  $41,259.16.  The  machinery  in  the  electric  light 
plant  cost  the  state  $60,000.  It  requires  eleven  convicts  to  keep  the  establish- 
ment running  day  and  night.  In  two  years,  1909  and  1910,  4,900,000  kilowatts 
of  electricity  has  been  produced  and  at  two  cents  a kilowatt,  the  same  had 
a market  value  of  $98,000. 

The  machinery  in  the  ice  plant  was  worth  $8,000.  The  amount  of  ice 
produced  averaged  15  tons  a day,  ten  tons  capacity  going  for  refrigeration 
purposes. 

In  the  following  table  will  be  found  statistical  information,  in  detail,  for 
the  twine  factory  and  ice  and  electric  light  plants  as  furnished  by  the  peni- 
tentiary officials: 

Missouri  State  Penitentiary,  Warden’s  Office, 
Jefferson  City,  Mo.,  Dec.  20th,  1910. 

Hon.  J.  C.  A.  Hiller,  Labor  Commissioner,  Jefferson  City,  Mo. : 

Dear  Sir — As  requested  in  your  letter  of  the  16th  inst.,  I beg  to  hand  you  the 
following  data . 

TWINE  PLANT. 

Value  of  machinery $25,000.00 

“ “ output  1909  (sales) 19,182.78 

“ “ output  1910  (sales). 22,076.38 

Convicts  employed,  1909 14 

* 1910 14 

Twine  produced  1909 236,000  lbs. 

“ “ 1910... 80,000  lbs. 

(Output  only  sold  in  Missouri.) 


ELECTRIC  LIGHT  PLANT. 

Value  of  Machinery $60,000.00 

Convicts  to  run  plant 7 on  day  shift 

“ “ “ “ 4 on  night  shift 

Hours  worked  per  man 12 

Kilowatts  produced  1909 2,450,000 

“ “ 1910 2,450,000 

Value  of  electricity  per  Kilowatt,  about 02c 


ICE  PLANT.  « 

• Value  of  machinery $8,000.00 

Ice  produced  per  day 15  tons 

Produced  in  1909 1800  tons 

Produced  in  1910 1800  tons 

Output  worth,  per  ton $4.50 

In  addition  to  above,  10  tons  of  ice  per  day  of  the  capacity  of  the  plant  was  used 
for  refrigeration  purposes.  Yours  very  truly, 

HENRY  ANDRAE,  Warden. 


232 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


THE  AGITATION  IS  NATIONAL. 


LEASING  OUT  SYSTEM  IN  GENERAL  DISFAVOR. 

How  widespread  the  agitation  is  against  the  present  system  of  leasing 
out  to  private  contractors  the  labor  of  convicts,  is  shown  by  the  fact  that  an 
organization  made  up  of  men  and  women  from  all  parts  of  the  country, 
formed  for  the  purpose  of  combating  with  this  evil  and  bringing  about  a re- 
form, is  in  existence.  It  is  known  as  the  “National  Committee  on  Prison 
Labor,”  and  its  headquarters  are  at  27  East  22d  Street,  New  York  City.  This 
body  is  incorporated  under  the  laws  of  the  State  of  New  York. 

The  object  of  this  association,  as  given  by  its  members,  is  as  follows: 

Objects — To  unite  and  concentrate  all  forces  interested  in  prison  labor  re- 
form; to  investigate  actual  conditions;  to  formulate  a system  which  shall  be  just 
to  the  State,  to  the  prisoner,  to  the  free  working  man  and  to  the  prisoner’s  family. 

The  officers  and  executive  committee  of  this  body  are  made  up  as  follows: 


Executive  Committee. 


Chairman — Rev.  Thomas  R.  Slicer,  min- 
ister of  All  Soul’s  Church,  New  York  City. 

Treasurer — R.  Montgomery  Schell,  trus- 
tee George  Junior  Republic. 

Miss  Helen  Yarick  Boswell,  chairman 
Industrial  Committee  General  Federation 
of  Women’s  Clubs. 

William  B.  Howland,  treasurer,  The 
Outlook. 

Richard  Lloyd  Jones,  Collier’s  Weekly. 

B.  A.  Larger,  general  secretary  United 
Garment  Workers  of  America. 


Mrs.  Philip  N.  Moore,  president  General 
Federation  of  Women’s  Clubs. 

Leslie  Willis  Sprague,  associate  leader 
Society  for  Ethical  Culture. 

Charles  H.  Strong,  president  City  Club, 
New  York. 

Mrs.  Eva  McDonald  Valesh,  general  or- 
ganizer American  Federation  of  Labor. 

Dr.  E.  Stagg  Whitin,  labor  expert. 

Miss  Mary  Wood,  LL.  M.,  department  of 
law,  Washington  College  of  Law,  D.  C. 


The  General  Committee  of  the  “National  Committee  on  Prison  Labor”  is 
composed  of  the  following  public  spirited  men  and  women: 

GENERAL.  COMMITTEE. 


Mrs.  Archibald  Alexander,  New  Jersey 
State  Board  of  Children’s  Guardians. 

John  R.  Alpine,  Fifth  vice-president 
American  Federation  of  Labor. 

Percy  A.  Atherton,  counselor-at-law. 

Mrs.  Samuel  J.  Barrows,  New  York 
State  Prison  Association. 

Hon.  William  S.  Bennett,  House  of  Rep- 
resentatives. 

Mrs.  Elmer  Blair,  President  New  York 
State  Federation  of  Women’s  Clubs. 

Mrs.  Ballington  Booth,  Volunteers  of 
America. 

Mrs.  Clarence  Burns,  President  Little 
Mothers’  Aid  Association. 

Edgar  T.  Davies,  Chief  Factory  Inspect- 
or State  of  Illinois. 

Miles  M.  Dawson,  Attorney  and  Con- 
sulting Actuary. 

Homer  Folks,  President  National  Con- 
ference of  Charities  and  Corrections. 

John  P.  Frey,  Editor  “Iron  Moulders’ 
Journal.” 


Hamilton  Holt,  Editor  “The  Independ- 
ent*.” 

John  S.  Huyler,  Manufacturer. 

Prof.  Samuel  McCune  Lindsay,  Director 
New  York  School  of  Philanthropy. 

Judge  John  B.  Mayo,  Justice  Court  of 
Special  Sessions. 

John  Mitchell,  Second  vice-president 
American  Federation  of  Labor. 

Dr.  Charles  P.  Neill,  United  States 
Commissioner  of  Labor. 

Thomas  M.  Osborne,  Ex-mayor  of  Au- 
burn, N.  Y. 

Charles  Edward  Russell,  Publicist  and 
Journalist. 

Dr.  Louis  Livingston  Seaman,  Surgeon 
U.  S.  Volunteers,  retired. 

Clarence  J.  Shearn,  Lawyer. 

Warren  S.  Stone,  Grand  chief  Brother- 
hood of  Locomotive  Engineers. 

Mrs.  William  Cumming  Story,  Daugh- 
ters of  the  American  Revolution. 

John  Williams,  N.  Y.  State  Commission 
of  Labor. 


Convict  Labor  Problem,  1909-10-11. 


233 


The  National  Committee  on  Prison  Labor  is  constantly  active.  Its  liter- 
erature  has  wide  circulation  and  is  freely  quoted  and  copied  all  over  the  coun- 
try. Some  of  its  recent  bulletins  on  the  question  of  prison  labor  and  needed 
reforms  follow: 


THE  PRISON  LABOR  PROBLEM. 


AN  OPEN  LETTER  TO  THE  CONSTITUTIONAL  CONVENTIONS  OF  NEW 
MEXICO  AND  ARIZONA  FROM  THE  NATIONAL  COMMIT- 
TEE ON  PRISON  LABOR. 


Of  the  many  questions  pressing  upon 
you  for  a wise  decision,  one  of  the  easiest 
to  settle  wisely,  justly  and  permanently 
is  the  convict  labor  question. 

The  older  states,  starting  on  the  wrong 
path,  have  found  this  a most  difficult  and 
vexatious  problem,  but  taught  by  their 
bitter  experience  you  can  prevent  your 
state  from  being  subjected  to  all  the  evils 
that  follow  in  the  train  of  the  vicious  and 
antiquated  systems  of  prison  labor  pre- 
vailing in  most  of  our  commonwealths. 

The  criminal  will  always  be  the  costliest 
unit  in  your  state.  Unless  you  deal  with 
him  successfully,  he  will  be  such  a drain 
upon  your  treasury  that  you  will  lack  the 
means  to  support  adequately  the  higher 
agencies  of  civilization.  “There  are  not 
enough  rooms  in  our  schoolhouses,  teach- 
ers are  poorly  paid,  playgrounds  are  too 
narrow,  and  a thousand  wants  of  vital  in- 
terest are  not  satisfied,”  says  Professor 
C.  R.  Henderson,  president  of  the  Inter- 
national Prison  Congress,  “because  the 
financial  resources  of  the  state  are  ex- 
hausted in  the  conflict  with  crime.”  This 
is  true  of  the  older  states  and  doubly  so 
of  the  newer  ones. 

Until  you  catch  your  criminal,  you  can 
do  nothing  with  him ; after  you  have 
released  him,  you  can  do  still  less.  But 
while  he  is  in  prison  you  have  him  under 
complete  control.  You  may,  if  you  will, 
humanize  him  into  decent  citizenship,  and 
you  may  brutalize  him  into  complete  and 
habitual  criminality.  The  most  powerful 
factor  in  either  process  is  labor.  Work  he 
must  or  alone  in  his  cell,  he  becomes  a 
prey  to  madness.  Moreover,  his  work  must 
be  productive ; it  must  be  useful  to  others ; 
he  must  feel  it  grow  in  value  under  his 
hands ; he  must  know,  in  order  that  it 
shall  have  any  favorable  influence  upon 
him,  that  it  will  be  of  some  value  in  that 
great  world  of  life  and  action  fi’om  which 
he  has  been  exiled. 

The  question  is : How  shall  he  be  em- 
ployed? And  by  whom? 

THE  CONTRACT  SYSTEM. 

Most  of  the  states  have  answered  this 
question  by  simply  turning  their  prisons 
into  vast  factories  under  the  control  of 


private  contractors.  The  contractors’  only 
interest  is  profits.  Reformation  is  entirely 
lost  sight  of.  The  convicts  in  contract 
prisons  are  as  a rule  brutalized  beyond  all 
hope  of  reclamation,  and  they  are  turned 
out  at  the  end  of  their  sentences  penni- 
less, friendless,  hopeless ; prey  to  all  the 
evil  winds  that  blow,  practically  doomed 
to  crime  again ; in  short,  habitual  crimin- 
als, the  costliest,  wretchedest,  and  most 
shameful  products  of  our  whole  penal 
system. 

Nor  do  the  evils  of  the  contract  system 
end  with  the  convict  himself.  The  goods 
which  he  manufactures  also  go  out  into 
the  world,  bearing  its  curse  with  them. 
They  spread  tuberculosis  wherever  they 
go ; they  reduce,  by  cut-throat  competi- 
tion the  wages  of  thousands  of  free  work- 
ingmen and  women ; they  throw  other 
thousands  out  of  employment ; and  they 
demoralize  honest  industry  at  every  point. 

Finally,  the  states  in  which  the  contract 
system  prevails,  by  depriving  the  con- 
vict’s helpless  family  of  his  earnings  not 
only  increase  the  burden  of  dependency 
and  destitution,  but  drive  home  to  the 
minds  of  many  honest  men  and  women 
the  cynical  conviction  that  a government 
which  will  play  at  such  a game  is  really 
a worse  thief  than  any  of  its  convicts. 
And  this  conviction  in  the  long  run,  costs 
society  very  dear. 

To  such  evils  does  the  contract  system, 
as  it  flourishes  today  in  most  states  of 
the  Union,  give  rise,  North  as  well  as 
South.  No  better  device  for  the  making 
of  criminals  and  enemies  of  society  can 
possibly  be  imagined.  Its  history  is  one 
long  record  of  corruption  and  cruelty.  It 
corrupts  the  convicts  and  the  keepers.  It 
corrupts  wardens,  boards  of  control,  legis- 
latures, juries,  governors.  Within  the  last 
two  years  it  has  caused  no  less  than  a 
dozen  scandals  in  as  many  different  states. 
Michigan,  Indiana,  Ohio,  Illinois,  Wiscon- 
sin, New  Jersey,  Rhode  Island,  Florida, 
Georgia,  Alabama,  Texas — all  have  wit- 
nessed such  a miserable  evidence  of  its 
corruptive  powers  that  every  sense  of  ev- 
ery decent  man  and  woman  has  been 
shocked. 

This  is  one  system  of  prison  labor. 


234 


Bureau  of  Lalor  Statistics , 1910. 


which  you  may,  if  you  will,  saddle  upon 
your  state.  That  you  will  do  so  wTith 
your  eyes  open,  is  simply  unthinkable. 

THE  PUBLIC  ACCOUNT  SYSTEM. 

Some  states,  instead  of  turning  their 
prisoners  over  to  a private  contractor,  set 
up  in  business  themselves,  manufacturing 
and  selling  their  goods  in  the  open  market 
precisely  like  the  ordinary  private  manu- 
facturer. This  is  called  the  Public  Ac- 
count System. 

Actual  experience  with  this  system  shows 
that  under  it  the  convict  is  driven  as  mer- 
cilessly, his  family  starved  as  callously, 
and  competition  with  free  labor  is  as  bit- 
ter as  under  the  contract  system. 

The  state  of  Minnesota,  for  example, 
has  a large  binder  twine  plant  at  Still- 
water, employing  several  hundred  con- 
victs. It  produces  eight  million  pounds  of 
twine  every  year,  worth  over  $1,500,000 
and  showing  a profit  of  over  $125,000  an- 
nually. Yet  the  convicts  who  produce  this 
profit  for  the  state  average  a mere  pit- 
tance for  themselves  or  their  starving 
families ; and  one-third  of  them  are  mar- 
ried. Who  shall  count  the  number  of 
criminals,  of  prostitutes,  of  tramps  and 
vagrants  that  this  great  plant  has  pro- 
duced. 

In  the  course  of  an  address  delivered 
recently  at  the  Minnesota  Conservation 
and  Agricultural  Congress,  the  Rev.  C.  B. 
Crane  said : “What  are  you  doing  with 
that  strong  binder  twine?  You  are  bind- 
ing burdens  grievous  and  heavy  to  be 
borne  upon  the  backs  of  worse  than  wad- 
owed  women.  You  are  binding  the  hands 
of  little  children  to  tools  of  labor  in  our 
factories,  when  they  ought  to  be  in  the 
schools  and  playgrounds  of  your  state. 
You  are  weaving  snares  for  the  feet  of 
the  convicts’  daughter  thrust  out  unpro- 
tected upon  the  slippery  pathway  of  life, 
and  you  are  breeding  contempt  and  an- 
archy in  the  hearts  of  these  convicts  that 
will  wreak  itself  in  new  crimes  when  the 
law  sets  them  free. 

The  Public  Account  System  is  a shade 
better  than  the  contract  system,  it  is 
true,  but  a new  state,  untrammeled  by 
the  past,  need  select  neither.  There  is  a 
system  which  has  been  worked  out  after 
much  painful  experience  in  New  York 
and  Massachusetts  and  which  holds  the 
promise  of  a complete  solution. 


THE  STATE  USE  SYSTEM. 

For  nearly  a hundred  years,  from  1796 
to  1894,  the  convict  labor  question  fur- 
nished the  state  of  New  York  with  one 
long  series  of  riots  and  scandals.  The 
unpleasant  chapter  in  its  history  was  end- 
ed, however,  when  in  1894,  in  the  conven- 
tion called  to  revise  the  State  Constitu- 
tion, Elihu  Root,  now  United  States  Sen- 
ator, secured  the  passage  of  the  following 
amendment  to  the  Constitution  which  at 
last  set  the  question  at  rest : 

“No  person  in  any  prison,  penitentiary, 
jail  or  reformatory  shall  be  required  or 
allowed  to  work,  while  under  sentence 
thereto,  at  any  trade,  industry,  or  occupa- 
tion wherein  or  whereby  his  work  or  the 
product  or  profit  of  his  work,  shall  be 
farmed  out,  contracted,  given  or  sold  to 
any  person,  firm,  association  or  corpora- 
tion. Convicts  may  work  for,  and  the 
products  of  their  labor  may  be  disposed 
of,  to  the  State  or  any  political  division 
thereof  or  for  or  to  any  public  institution 
owned  or  managed  and  controlled  by  the 
State  or  any  political  division  thereof.” 

Since  then  New  York  has  had  no  convict 
labor  question  in  the  old  sense.  The  pris- 
oners, at  the  institutions  are  employed  in 
making  shoes,  clothing,  brooms,  brushes 
and  other  goods  which  are  sold  to  the  dif- 
ferent state,  county  and  municipal  depart- 
ments at  cost.  Contractors  no  longer  run 
the  prisons.  Cheap  prison  goods  from  its 
own  prisons  no  longer  undersell  goods 
produced  by  honest  labor. 

Your  own  state,  starting  with  a clean 
slate,  may  profit  by  the  experience  of  New 
York. 

The  guiding  principles  of  the  employ- 
ment of  convicts  are  few  and  simple: 

The  prisoner  should  be  not  only  pun- 
ished, but  reformed.  He  who  has  never 
known  what  honesty  and  decency  are 
should  be  taught  what  these  are. 

He  should  be  given  healthy  labor  suited 
wherever  possible  to  his  capabilities.  Fac- 
tory work  under  proper  sanitary  condi- 
tions, road  work  and  farm  work  all  pro- 
vide the  necessary  medium. 

He  should  be  paid  for  his  work.  After 
deducting  the  cost  of  his  keep  his  earn- 
ings should  be  given  to  his  family  if  he 
is  married,  or,  if  unmarried  funded  for 
him  against  that  most  critical  of  his  whole 
lifetime — the  day  of  his  return  to  the 
world  of  freedom. 


Convict  Labor  Problem,  1909-10-11. 


235 


PRISON  LABOR  AND  FAIR  WAGES. 


DELEGATE  TO  PRISON  CONFERENCE  DECLARES  HE  RECOGNIZES  THAT 
THE  CONVICT  HAS  RIGHTS  SOCIETY  HAS  GOT  TO  RESPECT. 


"The  man  in  the  iron  cage  is  becoming 
a subject  of  more  than  curious  interest  to 
tne  man  in  the  street,”  said  J.  Lebovitz, 
delegate  of  the  National  Committee  on 
Prison  Labor  to  the  International  Prison 
Congress. 

"There  was  a time,  and  not  so  very 
long  ago,  either,  when  we  thought  that 
all  we  had  to  do  with  a criminal  when 
we  caught  him  was  to  lock  him  up — 
anywhere,  anyhow,  it  didn’t  matter,  so 
long  as  we  lost  sight  of  him. 

“But  now  we  are  beginning  to  see  that 
even  the  convict  has  some  rights  which 
society  is  bound  to  respect.  One  of  these 
is  the  right  to  reformation.  No  matter 
what  he  was  before  imprisonment,  the 
moment  the  criminal  is  put  behind  the 
bars  he  is  entirely  in  the  power  of  the 
State,  which  can  make  him  or  break  him, 
and  if  he  is  willing  to  become  a useful 
citizen  the  State  clearly  has  no  right  to 
deny  him.  And  there  are  really  more  con- 
victs who  want,  to  reform  than  the  outside 
observer  would  suppose.  They  are  not 
influenced  so  much  by  moral  or  sentiment- 
al reasons  as  by  cold  common  sense ; they 
know  that  their  trade  doesn’t  pay,  and 
would  be  glad  to  get  out  of  it  if  they  had 
half  a chance. 

"Why,  one  old  fellow  analyzed  this 
thing  for  me  as  a cold  business  proposi- 
tion only  the  other  day.  He  used  to  be  a 
gentleman  burglar;  he  would  register  at 
fasmonable  hotels,  well-dressed  and  well- 
behaved  as  any  of  them,  and  watch  his 
chance  to  enter  the  guests’  rooms  when- 
ever vacated  for  a moment.  ‘But,’  he 
said  to  me,  ‘it  don’t  pay.  I’d  make  a few 
thousand  a year,  blow  it  in,  and  get 
caught  every  once  in  a while  and  pay  for 
it  with  the  best  years  of  my  life.  ‘Why,’ 
he  added,  with  a look  of  disgust,  ‘any 
plumber  can  make  more  than  the  average 
burglar  makes  and  he  doesn’t  have  to  give 
up  eighteen  years  for  it,  as  I had  to,  off 
and  on.  No.  sir,  the  game  don’t  pay.’ 

"Another  right  which  the  criminal  has 
is  the  right  to  work.  This  is  universally 
recognized  by  all  prison  keepers  to-day, 
and  most  of  our  prisons  are  really  big 
industrial  villages  where  all  manner  of 
commodities  are  produced  for  the  general 
market.  But  the  right  to  work  carries 
with  it  the  right  to  be  paid  for  his  work 
after  he  has  earned  enough  to  pay  for 
his  keep.  This  proposal  may  strike  the 
average  man  as  a little  strange,  but  if 
you  take  the  trouble  to  examine  it  you 


will  see  that  it  is  not  only  just,  but  prac- 
tical and  sensible. 

“For  consider  this : Of  the  150,000  and 
more  men  who  are  pushed  by  some  rough 
circumstance  or  other  behind  prison  walls 
more  than  half  are  ordinary  workingmen, 
who  have  simply  tripped  for  the  first  time. 
One-third  of  them,  as  census  figures  show, 
are  married.  This  means  that  50,000 
families  which  yesterday  were  self-sup- 
porting are  to-day,  by  the  loss  of  the 
chief  bread  winner,  forced  to  become  pub- 
lic charges.  The  punishment  of  these  in- 
nocent mothers  and  children  is  really 
harder  than  that  of  the  guilty  convict,  for 
he,  at  least,  is  sure  of  his  food  and  shel- 
ter, while  they  face  not  only  disgrace  but 
destitution.  What  is  more,  these  children 
must,  in  the  very  nature  of  the  case,  be 
forced,  sooner  or  later,  to  become  crimin- 
als themselves ; so  that  here  you  have 
the  extraordinary  spectacle  of  a State, 
while  locking  up  one  fellow  in  order  to 
stop  crime,  actually  producing  two  or 
three  more  criminals. 

"This  being  the  case,  isn’t  it  the  sim- 
plest matter  of  common  sense  to  pay  the 
prisoner,  if  not  all  his  work  is  worth,  at 
least  part  of  it,  so  that  if  he  is  married 
his  family  may  be  kept  from  starvation 
and  criminality?  If  he  is  unmarried,  he 
should  have  a little  fund  put  aside  against 
the  day  of  his  return  to  society,  the  most 
critical  day  of  his  whole  life.  For,  as 
everyone  knows,  a discharged  convict  with 
only  $5  or  $10  between  him  and  starva- 
tion is  literally  forced  to  become  beggar, 
thief,  or  both.  In  fact,  some  states  have 
already  begun  to  do  this  very  thing,  but  in 
a timid,  halting  fashion.  For  example, 
Maryland  pays  its  prisoners  for  overtime 
work,  but  their  average  earnings  only 
amount  to  about  $3  a month.  Minnesota, 
Michigan  and  several  other  states  are 
equally  liberal  or  illiberal.  For  the  most 
part,  however,  no  provision  is  made  for 
these  unfortunates  and  their  families. 

"The  National  Committee  on  Prison 
Labor,  a representative  body  of  men  and 
women,  comprising  in  its  membership 
men  prominent  in  prison  and  labor  circles, 
recognizes  that  this  is  one  of  the  most 
vexing  questions  in  the  whole  range  of 
subjects  to  come  before  this  congress,  and 
is  making  every  effort  to  arouse  public 
opinion  to  the  justice  of  the  prisoner’s 
claim  for  decent  treatment  of  his  inno 
cent  family.” 


236 


Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics , 1910. 


NEED  FOR  UNIFORM  REGULATIONS  ON  PRISON  LABOR. 


“Free  labor  and  industries  have  been 
opposing  for  at  least  one  hundred  years 
the  competition  of  prison  labor  on  convict 
goods  manufactured  in  the  penal  institu- 
tions of  the  country,”  said  Dr.  E.  Stagg 
Whitin,  Expert  New  York  State  Depart- 
ment of  Labor  and  Member  of  the  Exec- 
utive Committee  of  the  National  Commit- 
tee on  Prison  Labor.  Uniformity  in  legis- 
lation upon  this  subject  is  demanded.  It 
is  apparent  to  all  students  of  the  prob- 
lem, as  it  was  to  the  Industrial  Commis- 
sion, that  the  industrial  phase  of  the  con- 
vict labor  problem  can  be  regulated  to 
the  satisfaction  of  all  sections  of  this 
country  only  by  uniform  legislation  on 
the  part  of  the  States.  The  question  is 
one  of  national  interest,  though  partly  be- 
yond national  jurisdiction.  Most  penolo- 
gists are  agreed  to-day  that  the  State  use 
system  by  which  the  State  itself  absorbs 
its  own  prison  products  is  the  ideal  for 
such  uniformity.  Congress  cannot  com- 
pel the  States  to  adopt  such  a system. 
Still  a condition  to-day  exists  which  pen- 
alizes a State  because  it  has  adopted  the 
approved  system.  A State  may  to-day 
protect  itself  against  its  own  prison-made 
goods,  but  cannot  exclude  from  its  mar- 
ket the  goods  manufactured  in  the  prisons 
of  neighboring  States.  ‘There  is  no  rea- 
son,’ says  the  Industrial  Commission,  ‘con- 
stitutional or  economic,  why  the  markets 
of  one  State,  which  has  adopted  the  non- 
competitive theory  of  convict  labor,  shall 
be  swamped  by  the  product  of  competitive 
convict  labor  of  neighboring  States.’  This 
same  commission  recommended  specific 
legislation  by  Congress  to  make  possible 
the  adaptation  of  uniformity  to  the  prison 
labor  situation.  This  legislation  recom- 
mended in  1900  was  ‘a  simple  statute’ 
which  shall  merely  remove  the  federal 
control  of  interstate  trade  in  convict  goods 
so  that  they  become  subject  wherever 
found  to  the  general  regulation  of  the 
State  laws.  A precedent  of  this  act  was 
found  in  the  so-called  Wilson  Act  (U.  S. 
1890,  Chapter  728)  applying  to  intoxicat- 
ing liquors  and  the  statute  forbidding  the 
importation  of  foreign  goods  from  foreign 
countries  (U.  S.  1890,  Chapter  1244,  51). 


“For  ten  years  Congress  has  neglected 
to  carry  out  the  recommendations  of  this 
Commission,  and  as  a result  the  move- 
ment for  State  use  in  any  particular  State 
has  been  weakened  and  made  ineffective 
because  of  the  fact  that  the  markets  of 
that  State,  when  freed  from  the  compe- 
tition with  the  goods  manufactured  by 
that  special  State,  would  still  be  used  as 
the  dumping  ground  for  the  goods  from 
other  States.  An  illustration  is  found  in 
New  York  State,  where  the  Constitution 
of  1894,  drafted  by  Senator  Elihu  Root, 
contains  the  State  use  clause.  The  goods 
manufactured  in  the  prisons  of  New  York 
State  are  consumed  by  the  State  and  sub- 
divisions of  the  State,  but  the  markets  of 
New  York  City  are  the  dumping  ground 
for  the  products  of  most  of  the  large 
prison  factories.  The  State  Legislature 
has  again  and  again  passed  statutes  re- 
stricting the  introduction  of  these  goods, 
but  the  State  courts  held,  even  as  recently 
as  this  year  (Phillips-Rayner)  that  these 
prohibitive  statutes  conflict  with  the  Na- 
tional Constitution.  Natural  it  is  that  the 
States  which  are  manufacturing  goods  in 
their  penal  institutions,  and  shipping  them 
in  toto  to  the  markets  in  New  York  City, 
find  no  object  in  changing  a situation  so 
favorable  to  their  otherwise  depleted 
treasuries,  with  the  result  that  uniform 
legislation  along  the  lines  of  the  State  use 
system  is  made,  difficult  of  attainment. 

“The  recommendation,  of  the  U.  S.  In- 
dustrial Commission  in  the  form  of  the 
Gardner  Prison  Labor  Bill  (H.  R.  12,000) 
is  before  Congress,  again  this  year  as  it 
has  been  for  several  years.  It  is  the  key 
which  will  make  possible  proper  State 
regulations  and  lead  to  uniformity  along 
the  lines  recommended.  Its  passage  can 
do  no  more  than  in  a democratic  way 
allow  the  people  in  the  respective  States 
to  solve  this  problem  aright.  Militant 
forces  have  blocked  its  passage  in  former 
sessions.  The  National  Committee  on 
Prison  Labor  is  committed  to  its  passage 
and  to  the  program  of  uniformity  in  penal 
legislation  which  will  come  as  a result  of 
its  passage.” 


V 


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